第21頁（共21頁）必修三Unit4B卷一．完形填空（共1小題）1．IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.Theideacameaftermorethan30yearsofcaringforthe（1）.Ihopethebookwillreallyhelppeople.Thisisoneofthebiggestquestionsfromthebook：Doyou（2）howyourownbehaviorscangreatlyaffectyourhealth？Yesterdaywasagreatexample.Mywife，TandItookthegrandkid（3）andafterfourhourswecamehome.IlookedatmyFitbitat7pmandsaid，"Weneedtogoforawalk."Wehadn'thadany（4）allday.Ihadonly4，687stepsonmyFitbit，butThad11，678steps！Howcouldthisbe？Wewere（5）allday，nevermorethanafewfeetapart.Sowe（6）theday'sevents.Whenwereachedthestore，Isatinthesofaofthe（7）department.Meanwhile，Twalkedeverywherehelpingour（8）shop.Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoeforanhour.Whenwewenttolookatkidsclothes，I（9）ashelfandcheckedemailswhileshecheckedouteveryitemfor90minutes.Whileourgrandsonwenttotryashirtoninthe（10）roomfor30minutes，Iwentinwithhim.Twentaroundthestoreand（11）someitemstous.Addinguphabits，shemorethan（12）mystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.Youdon'thavetorunfivemilesawayfrom（13）togetexercise：justgoshoppingwithyour（14）.ThoughIdidn'tknowitatthattime，Imade"takingsteps"mywife'ssport.Iwasjusta（15）.（1）A．childrenB．a(chǎn)dultsC．womenD．elderly（2）A．realizeB．explainC．recordD．forget（3）A．runningB．playingC．shoppingD．driving（4）A．exerciseB．sleepC．chatD．drink（5）A．a(chǎn)partB．inC．outD．together（6）A．rememberedB．wroteC．countedD．celebrated（7）A．foodsB．toysC．shoesD．shirts（8）A．daughterB．sonC．grandsonD．granddaughter（9）A．satonB．laynearC．leanedagainstD．heldon（10）A．washingB．waitingC．smokingD．dressing（11）A．broughtB．showedC．sentD．took（12）A．reducedB．doubledC．recordedD．cleared（13）A．shopB．schoolC．homeD．gym（14）A．grandkidB．wifeC．husbandD．child（15）A．viewerB．shopperC．supporterD．participant二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction．Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics．Inrecentyears，manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'declineofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain．Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass．Butpronouncingthedeathofclassistooearly．Arecentwide﹣rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences．Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent．Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass．AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice．Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'．Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy，ontheotherhand，wereregionalcityaccents．Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'．However，asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast．ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassprejudice．Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents，inordertohidetheirclassorigins．Thisisanindicationofclassbecomingunnoticed．However，the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle﹣classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycanneverappreciatetherealityofaworking﹣classlife．（1）ArecentstudyofpublicopinionshowsthatinmodernBritain．A．peopleregardthemselvessociallydifferentB．mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclassC．itiseasytorecognizeaperson'sclassD．itistimetoendclassdistinction（2）Theword"stratification"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto．A．varietyB．qualificationC．a(chǎn)uthorityD．division（3）Britishattitudestowardsaccent．A．a(chǎn)rebasedonregionalstatusB．havealongtraditionC．a(chǎn)resharedbytheAmericansD．havechangedinrecentyears（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Themiddleclassisexpanding．B．Aperson'saccentreflectshisclass．C．ClassisakeypartofBritishsociety．D．Eachclasshasuniquecharacteristics．3．Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower，whatwoulditbe？Otherthanflyingandcommunicatingwithsomeonefromhismind（which，let'sbehonest，wouldprobablyactuallybeawful），breathingunderwaterisoneofthefavorites．YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine．Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鰓）﹣forthisverypurpose．AccordingtoJunKamei，abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist，itis"forafuturewherehumankindlivesinthewater"．Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2°C（5.7°F）by2100，risingsealevelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities，potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople﹣or26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation．Kamei'slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous（多孔的）materialthatfillsoxygenagaininthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide．Itisinspiredbywater﹣divinginsectsthatcreatetheirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythankstotheirwaterrepellent（防水的）skin．Thetechnologyiseasily3D﹣printabletoo，whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether．These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment，makingitmoresimilartofreedivingbutforlonger．Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels．Sofar，thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype，notactuallyonhumans，sothedreammayhavetobeonholdfornow．AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei'snextplan．Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture．（1）WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula？A．Theycanreadminds．B．Theycanbreatheunderwater．C．Theyoftencausehugedisasters．D．Theycan'tliveunderwater．（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO？A．Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater．B．Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind．C．Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels．D．Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromacertainnaturalspecies．（3）WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand？A．Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice．B．Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone．C．Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice．D．Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D﹣printable．（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofthenewdesign？A．Objective．B．Indifferent．C．Doubtful．D．Critical．三．選詞填空（共1小題）4．leadto，dockwith，onboard，makeprogress，focuson，carryon，gowrong，believein（1）Thecaptainrefusedtoleavehissinkingshipwhiletherewereothers.（2）Maryandhersisterhavethefamilytraditionofgivingawayplants.（3）Whenyousomebody，don'tbeinarushtochangeyourmind.（4）Ilostallmyfilestodaybecausesomethingwithmycomputer.（5）Themedicalcommunitycontinuestointhefightagainstcancer.（6）Thetalkswilleconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.（7）Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsreward.（8）Thefirstattemptofthespaceshiptotheorbitalstationfailed.四．語法填空（共1小題）5．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions，whethertoMars（1）otherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Firstly，（2）（explore）spacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.As（3）result，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfood（4）（feed）Earth'sincreasingpopulation.Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnological（5）（improve）thatbenefitusall.High﹣endproductsaroundtheworld（6）（make）toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology（7）wasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.（8）（final），sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet'sresourcesare（9）（limit）.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture，humansmayliveonbothplanets.（10）closing，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore，itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshort﹣termandlong﹣termproblems.五．單詞拼寫（共5小題）6．Asaresult，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarming（努力種）enoughfoodtofeedEarth'sincreasingpopulation．結(jié)果，太空科學(xué)幫助農(nóng)業(yè)努力種植足夠的糧食來養(yǎng)活地球上不斷增長的人口．7．Firstly，exploringspacehasalready（在與…斗爭中發(fā)揮了作用）thefightagainstworldhunger．首先，探索太空已經(jīng)在與世界饑餓的斗爭中發(fā)揮了作用．8．Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalready（已經(jīng)促進(jìn)了有利于）thatbenefitusall．第二，空間探索已經(jīng)促進(jìn)了有利于我們所有人的技術(shù)改進(jìn)．9．Today，spacetechnologiesarewidelyused（各行各業(yè)），andeverydayproductssuchasGPS，memoryfoampillows，andsmartphonecamerasarechangingourlives．今天，空間技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用于各行各業(yè)，GPS、記憶泡沫枕頭、智能手機(jī)攝像頭等日常用品正在改變我們的生活．10．Finally/Lastly，（送宇航員上太空）hashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem．最后，送宇航員上太空幫助人們思考世界上的問題，甚至找到解決問題的方法．六．完成句子（共5小題）11．所有禮物必須立即郵寄，以便及時(shí)收到．Allthegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelyintime．12．重要的是要注意你的身心健康。It'simportanttotakecareofyourwell﹣being.13．我很高興你所取得的進(jìn)步將會對你自己的未來生活很有影響。I'mdelightedthattheyouwilltoyourfuturelife.14．Itissaidthatcountrywideontheexpressway.（limit）據(jù)說在全國范圍將會有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的高速公路限速。15．他們（剛才）談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)男人不僅因他的才華而出名，而且因他的善良而出名。Themantheytalkedaboutisfamous.

必修三Unit4B卷參考答案與試題解析一．完形填空（共1小題）1．IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.Theideacameaftermorethan30yearsofcaringforthe（1）D.Ihopethebookwillreallyhelppeople.Thisisoneofthebiggestquestionsfromthebook：Doyou（2）Ahowyourownbehaviorscangreatlyaffectyourhealth？Yesterdaywasagreatexample.Mywife，TandItookthegrandkid（3）Candafterfourhourswecamehome.IlookedatmyFitbitat7pmandsaid，"Weneedtogoforawalk."Wehadn'thadany（4）Aallday.Ihadonly4，687stepsonmyFitbit，butThad11，678steps！Howcouldthisbe？Wewere（5）Dallday，nevermorethanafewfeetapart.Sowe（6）Atheday'sevents.Whenwereachedthestore，Isatinthesofaofthe（7）Cdepartment.Meanwhile，Twalkedeverywherehelpingour（8）Cshop.Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoeforanhour.Whenwewenttolookatkidsclothes，I（9）Cashelfandcheckedemailswhileshecheckedouteveryitemfor90minutes.Whileourgrandsonwenttotryashirtoninthe（10）Droomfor30minutes，Iwentinwithhim.Twentaroundthestoreand（11）Asomeitemstous.Addinguphabits，shemorethan（12）Bmystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.Youdon'thavetorunfivemilesawayfrom（13）Ctogetexercise：justgoshoppingwithyour（14）B.ThoughIdidn'tknowitatthattime，Imade"takingsteps"mywife'ssport.Iwasjusta（15）A.（1）A．childrenB．a(chǎn)dultsC．womenD．elderly（2）A．realizeB．explainC．recordD．forget（3）A．runningB．playingC．shoppingD．driving（4）A．exerciseB．sleepC．chatD．drink（5）A．a(chǎn)partB．inC．outD．together（6）A．rememberedB．wroteC．countedD．celebrated（7）A．foodsB．toysC．shoesD．shirts（8）A．daughterB．sonC．grandsonD．granddaughter（9）A．satonB．laynearC．leanedagainstD．heldon（10）A．washingB．waitingC．smokingD．dressing（11）A．broughtB．showedC．sentD．took（12）A．reducedB．doubledC．recordedD．cleared（13）A．shopB．schoolC．homeD．gym（14）A．grandkidB．wifeC．husbandD．child（15）A．viewerB．shopperC．supporterD．participant【答案】（1）﹣（5）DACAD（6）﹣（10）ACCCD（11）﹣（15）ABCBA【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者與妻子一同帶著孫子去商場購物，但回家后發(fā)現(xiàn)妻子的計(jì)步器步數(shù)是作者的兩倍多的故事。【解答】（1）D.考查名詞及語境理解。Achildren孩子們；B.adults成年人；C.women女士們；D.elderly老年人。由第一句IhavebeenworkingonaLongevity/Healthbookfornearlyfouryears.可知"我"寫的書是關(guān)于長壽或者健康的，由此推斷前些年作者所從事的應(yīng)該是照顧老人的工作。故答案為D。（2）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.realize意識到；B.explain解釋；C.record記錄；D.forget忘記。結(jié)合下文Yesterdaywasagreatexample.可知作者和妻子陪孫子購物，結(jié)果自己的鍛煉不足，但他當(dāng)時(shí)并沒有意識到，因此書中的問題是"你意識到（realize）自己的日常行為會極大地影響到你的健康了嗎？"故答案為A。（3）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.running跑；B.playing玩；C.shopping購物；D.driving開車。根據(jù)后文中的"Whenwereachedthestore.….可知，夫妻兩人和孫子去商場購物，故答案為C。（4）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.exercise鍛煉；B.sleep睡覺；C.chat聊天；D.drink飲料。由上文Mywife，TandItookthegrandkidandafterfourhourswecamehome.可知，夫妻兩人昨天一直陪孫子購物，四個(gè)小時(shí)后才到家，一整天都沒進(jìn)行鍛煉（exercise）。故答案為A。（5）D.考查副詞及語境理解。Aapart分開；B.in在…里面；C.out在…外面；D.together在…一起。根據(jù)下文中的"nevermorethanafewfeetapart"5可知兩人整天都在一起（together）。故答案為D。（6）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.remembered記住；B.wrote寫；C.counted數(shù)數(shù)；D.celebrated慶祝。結(jié)合下文Addinguphabits，shemorethanmystepswhilestillbeingwithinshoutingdistance，justafewfeetaway.可知，看到他們的步數(shù)差異巨大后，他們開始回憶（remembered）這一天的經(jīng)歷。故答案為A。（7）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.foods食物；B.toys玩具；C.shoes鞋；D.shirts襯衫。根據(jù)下文中的"Sheturnedovernearlyeveryshoe7foranhour."可知，他們開始時(shí)進(jìn)入的是商場中賣鞋的區(qū)域，故答案為C。（8）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.daughter女兒；B.son兒子；C.grandson外孫；D.granddaughter孫女。根據(jù)下文中的"Whileourgrandsonwenttotrya8shirtoninthe"可知，"我們"帶孫子去購物，故答案為C。（9）C.考查動詞短語及語境理解。A.saton坐在上面；B.laynear位于附近；C.leanedagainst依靠；D.heldon堅(jiān)持。shelf意為"貨架"，在妻子挑選商品的90分鐘里，我倚靠（leanedagainst）在貨架上查看郵件。故答案為C。（10）D.考查動詞及語境理解。Awashing洗；B.waiting等待；C.smoking吸煙；D.dressing打扮。根據(jù)上句"tryashirton"可知，試穿衣服應(yīng)該在試衣間，故答案為D。（11）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.brought帶來；B.showed展示；C.sent發(fā)送；D.took帶走。"我"帶著孫子試衣服期間，妻子在商場里轉(zhuǎn)了轉(zhuǎn)，給"我們"帶回（brought）了幾件商品。take表示"帶走；帶去"，不符合語境。故答案為A。（12）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.reduced減少；B.doubled加倍；C.recorded記錄；D.cleared清除。綜合這些小習(xí)慣，妻子走的步數(shù)是"我"的兩倍還要多。double意為"加倍"。故答案為B。（13）C.考查名詞及語境理解。A.shop商店；B.school學(xué)校；C.home家；D.gym體育館。正常跑步是從家里出發(fā)，故home正確。故答案為C。（14）B.考查名詞及語境理解。A.grandkid外孫；B.wife妻子；C.husband丈夫；D.child孩子。根據(jù)下句中的"Imade'takingsteps'mywife'ssport."可知，妻子在購物中起到了鍛煉的目的，故是陪妻子一起去購物。故答案為B。（15）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.viewer旁觀者；B.shopper購物者；C.supporter支持者；D.participant參與者。走路只成了妻子的鍛煉方式，"我"一直都在停頓，因此"我"只是一個(gè)旁觀者（viewer），并未參與進(jìn)去。故答案為A。【點(diǎn)評】完形填空題的命題趨勢解題步驟：1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問題。對少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)跳過，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會令你豁然開朗。3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，對全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問題。4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。二．閱讀理解（共2小題）2．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction．Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics．Inrecentyears，manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'declineofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain．Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass．Butpronouncingthedeathofclassistooearly．Arecentwide﹣rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences．Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent．Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass．AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice．Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'．Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy，ontheotherhand，wereregionalcityaccents．Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'．However，asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast．ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassprejudice．Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents，inordertohidetheirclassorigins．Thisisanindicationofclassbecomingunnoticed．However，the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle﹣classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycanneverappreciatetherealityofaworking﹣classlife．（1）ArecentstudyofpublicopinionshowsthatinmodernBritainA．A．peopleregardthemselvessociallydifferentB．mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclassC．itiseasytorecognizeaperson'sclassD．itistimetoendclassdistinction（2）Theword"stratification"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningtoD．A．varietyB．qualificationC．a(chǎn)uthorityD．division（3）BritishattitudestowardsaccentD．A．a(chǎn)rebasedonregionalstatusB．havealongtraditionC．a(chǎn)resharedbytheAmericansD．havechangedinrecentyears（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？CA．Themiddleclassisexpanding．B．Aperson'saccentreflectshisclass．C．ClassisakeypartofBritishsociety．D．Eachclasshasuniquecharacteristics．【答案】ADDC【分析】作者在文中介紹了兩項(xiàng)調(diào)查，關(guān)于"階級消亡"的說法，在英國對大眾進(jìn)行了一個(gè)調(diào)查，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)90%的人仍然把自己劃分在一定的階層中；73%的人認(rèn)為階級是英國社會一個(gè)必不可少的部分，52%的人認(rèn)為仍然有尖銳的階級差異．另一項(xiàng)調(diào)查是關(guān)于人們說話的口音，英國和美國的調(diào)查結(jié)果正好相反，他們認(rèn)為一些地方口音是最吸引人的，而BBC的英語是最不吸引人的，也說明了英國階級劃分的根源非常深．通過調(diào)查的結(jié)果可知，英國社會的階級劃分沒有消失，它是英國社會重要的一部分．【解答】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第三段的"90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass；73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety；and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences."可知，關(guān)于"階級消亡"的說法，在英國對大眾進(jìn)行了一個(gè)調(diào)查，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)90%的人仍然把自己劃分在一定的階層中；73%的人認(rèn)為階級是英國社會一個(gè)必不可少的部分，52%的人認(rèn)為仍然有尖銳的階級差異．所以人們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)為他們在社會中是有區(qū)別的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A．（2）D.詞義猜測題．根據(jù)文章第三段，Thus，classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious，yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety．Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification．因此，階級在文化和政治上可能并不明顯，但它仍然是英國社會的一個(gè)重要組成部分．可知，劃線單詞意為：組成，A．variety種類；B．qualification資格；C．a(chǎn)uthority權(quán)威；D．division區(qū)分。故選D．（3）D.推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章最后一段，Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddle﹣classpeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents.然而，在最近幾年，倫敦的年輕的上層中產(chǎn)階級，已經(jīng)開始采取一些地區(qū)口音，可知，現(xiàn)在英國人對待口音的態(tài)度開始改變了．故選D．（4）C.主旨大意題．這篇短文給我們講述了在英國社會中，階級劃分是重要的一部分．作者在短文中給我們介紹了兩項(xiàng)調(diào)查，其中一項(xiàng)告訴我們大多數(shù)人們覺得階級是英國社會必不可少的一部分；另一項(xiàng)調(diào)查是關(guān)于人們說話的口音，英國和美國的調(diào)查結(jié)果正好相反，也說明了英國階級劃分的根源非常深．由此可知C選項(xiàng)：階級是英國社會中的一個(gè)重要部分，符合短文的大意．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選C．【點(diǎn)評】做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．3．Ifyoucouldhaveasuperpower，whatwoulditbe？Otherthanflyingandcommunicatingwithsomeonefromhismind（which，let'sbehonest，wouldprobablyactuallybeawful），breathingunderwaterisoneofthefavorites．YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine．Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鰓）﹣forthisverypurpose．AccordingtoJunKamei，abiomimicrydesignerandmaterialsscientist，itis"forafuturewherehumankindlivesinthewater"．Withtheworldsetforaglobaltemperatureincreaseof3.2°C（5.7°F）by2100，risingsealevelsareaveryrealthreattolargecoastalcities，potentiallyaffectingupto2billionpeople﹣or26percentofthecurrentglobalpopulation．Kamei'slittledeviceusesaspeciallydesignedporous（多孔的）materialthatfillsoxygenagaininthewaterandreleasescarbondioxide．Itisinspiredbywater﹣divinginsectsthatcreatetheirownlittlescubadivingsetbycreatingaprotectivebubbleofairaroundtheirbodythankstotheirwaterrepellent（防水的）skin．Thetechnologyiseasily3D﹣printabletoo，whichwillbegreatwhenweneedthemtogether．These"gills"couldreplaceheavyandclumsyscubaequipment，makingitmoresimilartofreedivingbutforlonger．Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels．Sofar，thetechhasonlybeentestedasaworkingprototype，notactuallyonhumans，sothedreammayhavetobeonholdfornow．AndscalingupandtestingonhumansisKamei'snextplan．Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture．（1）WhatcanbeinferredaboutAquamanandUrsula？BA．Theycanreadminds．B．Theycanbreatheunderwater．C．Theyoftencausehugedisasters．D．Theycan'tliveunderwater．（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutAMPHIBIO？DA．Itcanproduceoxygeninthewater．B．Itsusercancommunicatewithothersfromtheirmind．C．Itistheuniqueusefultoolagainstthethreatofrisingsealevels．D．Thedesignerdrewhisinspirationfromacertainnaturalspecies．（3）WhydidtheauthormentionedtherescueoftheboysinThailand？CA．Topresentthesuccessofthenewdevice．B．Tocomparethenewdevicewiththeoldone．C．Toprovetheadvantageofthenewdevice．D．Toshowthenewdeviceiseasily3D﹣printable．（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofthenewdesign？AA．Objective．B．Indifferent．C．Doubtful．D．Critical．【答案】BDCA【分析】本文以虛擬語氣的問句形式開頭，鼓勵(lì)人們奉獻(xiàn)自己的一些時(shí)間和精力去幫助別人，最窮人的生活將會變得更好【解答】（1）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，YoucanhangoutwithAquamanandUrsula，andwhentheendoftheworldcomesandwe'realllivingunderwater，you'llbefine.你可以和Aquaman和Ursula一起出去玩，當(dāng)世界末日來臨時(shí)，我們都生活在水下，你會沒事的．可知，Aquaman和Ursula可以在水下呼吸．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B．（2）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，Withthisinmind，astudentattheRoyalCollegeofArt，Londonhasdesigneda3D﹣printedamphibiousgarmentcalledAMPHIBIO﹣essentiallyasetofgills（鰓）﹣forthisverypurpose.考慮到這一點(diǎn)，倫敦皇家藝術(shù)學(xué)院的一名學(xué)生為此設(shè)計(jì)了一種名為AMPHIBIO的3D打印兩棲服裝﹣基本上是一組鰓．可知，AMPHIBIO是設(shè)計(jì)師從某種自然物種中汲取靈感．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D．（3）C．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，Thiscouldhaveimmediateapplicationsforunderwaterrescueplans﹣the12boysrescuedbydiversfromafloodedcaveinThailand，forexample，whereittookweekstoworkouthowtogettheboysandthevitalbreathingequipmentthroughthosenarrowtunnels.這可能會立即申請水下救援計(jì)劃﹣例如，潛水員從泰國一個(gè)被水淹沒的洞穴中救出的12名男孩，需要花費(fèi)數(shù)周的時(shí)間才能找到如何通過這些狹窄的隧道讓男孩和重要的呼吸設(shè)備通過．可知，作者提到在泰國拯救男孩是為了證明新設(shè)備的優(yōu)勢．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選C．（4）A.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，Thismaysoundunbelievable，butKameiinsistshehasamuchmoreoptimisticvisionofthefuture.這聽起來令人難以置信，但Kamei堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他對未來有一個(gè)更樂觀的看法．可知，作者對新設(shè)計(jì)未來的態(tài)度是客觀的．A．Objective客觀的；B．Indifferent冷漠的；C．Doubtful懷疑的；D．Critical批評的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A．【點(diǎn)評】做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案．推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．三．選詞填空（共1小題）4．leadto，dockwith，onboard，makeprogress，focuson，carryon，gowrong，believein（1）Thecaptainrefusedtoleavehissinkingshipwhiletherewereothersonboard.（2）Maryandhersisterhavecarriedonthefamilytraditionofgivingawayplants.（3）Whenyoubelieveinsomebody，don'tbeinarushtochangeyourmind.（4）Ilostallmyfilestodaybecausesomethingwentwrongwithmycomputer.（5）Themedicalcommunitycontinuestomakeprogressinthefightagainstcancer.（6）Thetalkswillfocusoneconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.（7）Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtoreward.（8）Thefirstattemptofthespaceshiptodockwiththeorbitalstationfailed.【答案】（1）onboard；（2）carriedon；（3）believein；（4）wentwrong（5）makeprogress；（6）focuson；（7）leadto；（8）dockwith【分析】（1）當(dāng)船上還有其他人時(shí)，船長拒絕離開正在下沉的船。（2）瑪麗和她姐姐繼承了贈送植物的家庭傳統(tǒng)。（3）當(dāng)你相信自己時(shí)，不要急于改變主意。（4）我今天把所有的文件都丟了，因?yàn)槲业碾娔X出了問題。（5）醫(yī)學(xué)界在與癌癥的斗爭中繼續(xù)取得進(jìn)展。（6）會談將集中討論該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展問題。（7）人們普遍認(rèn)為，嬰兒之所以學(xué)會做事，是因?yàn)槟承┬袨闀?dǎo)致死亡。（8）宇宙飛船與軌道站對接的第一次嘗試失敗了。【解答】（1）onboard.考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)船上還有其他人時(shí)，船長拒絕離開正在下沉的船。根據(jù)句意可知表示"在船上"，用固定短語onboard，故填onboard。（2）carriedon.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：瑪麗和她姐姐繼承了贈送植物的家庭傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)句意可知表示"繼承"，用固定短語carryon，用過去分詞和助動詞have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填carriedon。（3）believein.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)你相信自己時(shí)，不要急于改變主意。根據(jù)句意可知表示"相信"，用固定短語believein，和主句時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，謂語動詞用動詞原形，故填believein。（4）wentwrong.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我今天把所有的文件都丟了，因?yàn)槲业碾娔X出了問題。根據(jù)句意可知表示"出問題"，用固定短語gowrong，和主句時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，謂語動詞用過去式，故填wentwrong。（5）makeprogress.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：醫(yī)學(xué)界在與癌癥的斗爭中繼續(xù)取得進(jìn)展。根據(jù)句意可知表示"取得進(jìn)展"，用固定短語makeprogress，動詞不定式作目的狀語，to后用動詞原形，故填makeprogress。（6）focuson.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：會談將集中討論該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展問題。根據(jù)句意可知表示"集中"，用固定短語focuson，will后用動詞原形，故填focuson。（7）leadto.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為，嬰兒之所以學(xué)會做事，是因?yàn)槟承┬袨闀?dǎo)致死亡。根據(jù)句意可知表示"導(dǎo)致"，用固定短語leadto，和主句時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，謂語動詞用動詞原形，故填leadto。（8）dockwith.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：宇宙飛船與軌道站對接的第一次嘗試失敗了。根據(jù)句意可知表示"與對接"，用固定短語dockwith，固定短語thefirstattempttodo表示"第一次做"，故填dockwith。【點(diǎn)評】這個(gè)題型需要學(xué)生熟知單詞或者固定短語的用法，包括它的多個(gè)含義；同時(shí)對于題面設(shè)定的語境也要完全了解，這樣才能選出正確的短語，運(yùn)用它們的正確形式，例如動詞短語的謂語和非謂語，時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。四．語法填空（共1小題）5．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions，whethertoMars（1）orotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Firstly，（2）exploring（explore）spacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.As（3）aresult，space﹣basedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfood（4）tofeed（feed）Earth'sincreasingpopulation.Secondly，spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnological（5）improvements（improve）thatbenefitusall.High﹣endproductsaroundtheworld（6）aremade（make）toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnology（7）that/whichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementsforspaceexploration.（8）Finally（final），sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet'sresourcesare（9）limited（limit）.ThegreatestattentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture，humansmayliveonbothplanets.（10）Inclosing，exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferentbenefits.Therefore，itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshort﹣termandlong﹣termproblems.【答案】（1）or（2）exploring（3）a（4）tofeed（5）improvements（6）aremade（7）that/which（8）Finally（9）limited（10）In【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了太空探索對人類的益處。【解答】（1）or．考查連詞。句意：全球各國都在各種太空任務(wù)上花費(fèi)數(shù)十億美元和大量時(shí)間，無論是去火星還是其他更遠(yuǎn)的星球。whether…or...無論還是。故填or。（2）exploring．考查動名詞。句意：首先，太空探索已經(jīng)在