—學年度第一學期高二教學質量檢測英語注意事項：答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分分）第一節（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal?A.$30.2.Whatmakesthemanfeelstressed?A.Hisine.B.Heavywork.3.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman’sdress?A.Itissmallinsize.B.Itmakesherlookyoung.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolfriends.B.andstudent.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sproblem.B.Theman’smanners.B.$36.C.$40.C.Thenewworkplace.C.Itisunsuitableforherage.C.Librarianandlibraryuser.C.Theman’sdaughter.第二節（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Playingputergames.B.Makinghisbed.C.Organizinghistoys.第1頁/共24頁7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodointheend?A.hisclothes.B.Cleanhisroom.C.Collecthisbooks.聽第7段材料，回答第、9題。8.Whereisthemanprobably?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Athome.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Deliverthefood.B.Buysomefruits.C.Makeapayment.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.askforhelp.B.getinformation.C.makeaplaint.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Movetoanotherroom.B.Havethefixed.C.Getadiscount.12.Howdoesthewomanfindtheman’slastsuggestion?A.Abitdissatisfying.B.Quiteacceptable.C.disappointing.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。13.Whatwasthemanoriginallyplanningtodoinhisspringbreak?A.Stayathome.B.aroadtrip.C.Hangoutwithfriends.14.Wherewillthewomansleepinthemountains?A.Inatent.B.Inahotel.C.Inacar.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutgoingonthetriptothemountains?A.It’sexpensive.B.It’stiring.C.It’srefreshing.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydotonight?A.Makehistripplan.B.thewomanabouthisdecision.C.Finishhisschoolworktogetreadyforthetrip.聽第段材料，回答第至題。17.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoflivinginChina?A.HelikeslivinginChina.B.Hefeelsdifficultymakingfriends.第2頁/共24頁C.Hethinksconsoverweightthepros.18.WhathappenedtothespeakerwhenhefirstcametoChina?A.Hemissedhisflight.B.Hegothelpfromalady.C.Hewaitedforthewrongtrain.19.Howdoesthespeakerpayhisrenttheseyears?A.Byusingpersonalchecks.B.Bypayingcashtothelandlord.C.Byusingmobilephonetransfer.20.Whichtransportationdoesthespeakerusuallyuseforshorttrips?A.Thebus.B.Thebicycle.C.Thesubway.第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分分）第一節（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheChineseBridge—ChineseProficiencypetitionforForeignersacrosstheGlobe—CalligraphyandPaintingChallengehasbeenofficiallyannounced.inviteChineselanguageenthusiastsacrosstheglobe,regardlessofyourlocationorskillinpaintingandcalligraphy,todemonstrateyouruniqueviewsandemotionalexpressionsoftheworldthroughart.Bridgingcultureswithcalligraphyandpainting.CalligraphyTheworksforthispetitionwillacceptChinesebrushcalligraphyinanystyle.ChinesebrusheswithsofttipsThewrittencontentshouldbepositiveandenergeticandconveypositiveemotions.Themaincontentshouldbeaminimumof10characters.Nolimits.Painting第3頁/共24頁Theworksforthispetitionhavenolimitationsontheformorstyle.andoilpaints.Theworksshouldexpressgoodness,beauty,andpositiveenergy.Nolimits.Nolimits.Whocansubmit(提交)?●ThepetitionisopentoChineselanguageenthusiastsworldwide,withnoagelimits.●SubmittersmustbenonnativeChinesespeakers.●Minorsmustgainparentalagreement.●Submissionsmustbemadeusingthesubmitter’srealname.Fromnowuntil12:00PM(BeijingonJanuary31#2025.Participantscansubmittochinesebridge@orviaaccountof“ChineseBridge”.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthepetition?A.ItisopentoChineseover18.B.Itacceptsworksofallskilllevels.D.Participantsmustsubmitbyemail.C.Thereisnowordlimitforsubmission.2.Whichofthefollowingisqualifiedforthepetition?A.AnAmericanlovingoilpainting.C.Ateenagerwithoutparents’permission.3.Whatisthetextaimedat?B.Anadultwithapenname.D.AnativeChinesecalligraphylover.A.Makingrulesforthepetition.C.Attractingpossibleparticipants.B.Settingupapetitionorganization.D.Announcingopeningofthepetition.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要講述的是面向全球外國人開放的“漢語橋”書畫挑戰賽，邀請中文愛好者通過書法和繪畫展示文化橋梁，表達對世界的獨特情感。【1題詳解】Whatwearelookingfor?中的Calligraphy部分的“TheworksforthispetitionwillacceptChinesebrushcalligraphyinanystyle.(本次比賽的作品將接受任何風格的中國毛筆書法。)”可知，本次比賽第4頁/共24頁作品接受任何風格的中國毛筆書法，結合Painting部分的“TheworksforthispetitionwillacceptChinesebrushcalligraphyinanystyle.()沒有限制，由此可知，比賽的作品接受所有水平的作品。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據Whocansubmit部分中的“ThepetitionisopentoChineselanguageenthusiastsworldwide,withnoagelimits.(本次比賽面向全球的中文愛好者，沒有年齡限制。)”和“SubmittersmustbenonnativeChinesespeakers.(提交作品的人必須是非母語中文使用者。)”可知，參賽者是非母語為中文的中文愛好者，由此可知，一位熱愛油畫的美國人是符合條件的參賽者。故選A項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據首段“TheChineseBridge—ChineseProficiencypetitionforForeignersacrosstheGlobe—CalligraphyandPaintingChallengehasbeenofficiallyannounced.inviteChineselanguageenthusiastsacrosstheglobe,regardlessofyourlocationorskillinpaintingandcalligraphy,todemonstrateyouruniqueviewsandemotionalexpressionsoftheworldthroughart.(“漢語橋——全球外國人漢語大會之書畫挑戰賽”已正式宣布。我們邀請全世界的中文愛好者，無論您身處何地或在繪畫和書法方面有何技能，都可以通過藝術展示您對世界的獨特見解和情感表達。)現邀請全世界的中文愛好者參賽，由此可知，文本的主要目的是宣布比賽的開放，并吸引潛在參與者。故選C項。BOnafullmoonnightin1988,ayoungparkkeepernamedBruceBarnespaddledaboatintothewetlandsofLouisiana’sBaratariaPreserve.Itwas2a.m.whenhepulledouthisinstrumentandplayeditattentively.First,Barnesrecalled,thefrogsjoinedin.Thentheturtlesapproached.Severalofthemstayedattheboat’sedgeashesangforthemduringthenexttwohours.Barnes,now61,isknowntodayasamusician.HeisalsoanaturalistwhospendsmostofhiscareerworkingfortheNationalParkService.HisearlyinterestinthenaturalworldledhimtomajorinbiologyatHendersonStateUniversityandtostartworkingatnationalparksasanundergraduate.HearrivedatBaratariain1987whenhewas23.Barnessurveyedthepark’splantsandanimalsandleddaytimeboattrips.Hoursaftersunset,hereturnedtothewaterbyhimself.ForBarnes,musicandnaturedon’tinhabitseparately.Louisiana’srhythms,hesays,areasplacespecificasitsmarshesandforests.Thewetlandsevenproducetheirownmusic.BarneshasvisitedBaratariaatnightwithasoundengineer,capturingwildlifesoundstoweaveintohisrecordings.第5頁/共24頁BarnesretiredfromtheNationalParkServicein2015.Hestillplaysmusicfulltime,andheremainsanaturalist,leadingwalkingtoursandphotographingmedicinalplants.SomeofthosephotographsarecurrentlyondisplayinNewOrleans.Plantsandmusic,toBarnes,allhavemagicpower.Inhisadoptedhome,theyareneverfarfromeachother.“WhenyourollintoNewOrleans,youcanhearsomeoftheworld’sgreatestmusic,”hesays.“Andyoucangetinyourcaranddrive25minutesandbeinthewetlands,pletelysurroundedbynatureandwater,andfeellikeyou’re1,000milesfromcivilization.”4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bylistingsomefigures.C.Bydescribingascene.B.Bygivingsomeexamples.D.Byparingtwosituations.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhabit”meaninparagraph3?A.Exist.B.Unite.C.Form.D.Originate.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeBarnes?A.Adventurousandoutgoing.B.Naturelovingandartistic.D.Creativeandgenerous.C.Determinedandindependent.7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.AhiddenmusicalworldinBarataria.B.ThesecretsofBarataria’swetlands.CTheroleofmusicinBarataria’swildlife.D.Aparkkeeper’spassionfornatureandmusic.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是前國家公園管理員BruceBarnes將他對自然的熱愛與音樂才華融合，展現其獨特的生活哲學和藝術追求。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據首段中的“Onafullmoonnightin1988,ayoungparkkeepernamedBruceBarnespaddledaboatintothewetlandsofLouisiana’sBaratariaPreserve.Itwas2a.m.whenhepulledouthisinstrumentandplayeditattentively.(1988BruceBarnes的年輕公園管理員劃船進入了路易斯安2)BruceBarnes在一個滿月夜晚劃船進入濕地的具體情景，從而引出了故事的主題，由此可知，本文是通過描述一個場景來引入話題。故選C項。第6頁/共24頁【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞后的“Louisiana’srhythms,hesays,areasplacespecificasitsmarshesandforests.Thewetlandsevenproducetheirownmusic.BarneshasvisitedBaratariaatnightwithasoundengineer,capturingwildlifesoundstoweaveintohisrecordings.(他說，路易斯安那州的節奏與其沼澤和森林一樣具有地方特色。濕地甚至會產出它們自己的音樂。Barnes曾在夜間與一位聲音工程師一起訪問巴塔里亞，捕捉野生動物的聲音，并將這些聲音編織進他的錄音作品中。)”可知，在他看來，音樂與沼澤和森林一樣具有地方特色，濕地會產出自己的音樂，他還和音樂工程師將野生動物的聲音編進音樂中，由此可知，大自然和音樂是分不開的，也就是不會單獨存在，所以劃線單詞與“存在”的意義相近。故選A項。6題詳解】Barnes,now61,isknowntodayasamusician.HeisalsoanaturalistwhospendsmostofhiscareerworkingfortheNationalParkService.(如今61歲的Barnes作為一名音樂家而為人所知。他)”以及倒數第二段中的“BarnesretiredfromtheNationalParkServicein2015.Hestillplaysmusicfulltime,andheremainsanaturalist,leadingwalkingtoursandphotographingmedicinalplants.(Barnes于2015年從國家公園管理局退休。他現在仍然全職演奏音樂，并持續作為一名自然學家，帶領徒步旅行團和拍攝藥用植物的照片。)”可知，Barnes的職業生涯是在國家公園服務，同時他也是個音樂家；此外，退休后他仍然演奏音樂，帶領徒步旅行團，拍攝藥用植物的照片等，都顯示了他對自然和藝術的熱愛，所以Barnes是熱愛自然且富有藝術細胞。故選B項。【7題詳解】Onafullmoonnightin1988,ayoungparkkeepernamedBruceBarnespaddledaboatintothewetlandsofLouisiana’sBaratariaPreserve.(1988年的一個滿月之夜，一位名叫BruceBarnes的年輕公園管理員劃船進入了路易斯安那州巴塔里亞保護區的濕地。)”以及倒數第二段中的“BarnesretiredfromtheNationalParkServicein2015.Hestillplaysmusicfulltime,andheremainsanaturalist,leadingwalkingtoursandphotographingmedicinalplants.(Barnes于2015年從國家公園管理局退休。他現在仍然全職演奏音樂，并持續作為一名自然學家，帶領徒步旅行團和拍攝藥用植物的照片。)”和最后一段中的“Plantsandmusic,toBarnes,allhavemagicpower.Plantsandmusic,toBarnes,allhavemagicpower.Inhisadoptedhome,theyareneverfarfromeachother.(對BarnesBarnes和音樂都有魔力。在他的第二故鄉，他們從不遠離彼此。)”可知，本文通過描述一個場景引出全文的主題，從Barnes在Barataria的工作經歷開始，到他退休后依然堅持音樂創作和自然探索，體現了他對自然和音樂不變的熱愛，由此可知，本文主要講述了公園管理員對自然和音樂的熱情。故選D項。C第7頁/共24頁Haveyoueverjoyouslysteppedouttoyourbackyardgarden,onlytofindyourcaredforplantsandherbsdying?thesoiltoodry?Didpestsfindtheirwayin?Duringtimeslikethese,somedisappointedgardenersmaywishtheirplantwouldjusttellthemwhatitneeds.AnewMicrosoftpartneredprojectintheUKistryingtoseeifthatconceptcanbedemonstratedinrealwords.Nextyear,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowan“intelligentgarden”thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.willbeabletowalkuptovirtualplatformsandasktheintelligentgardenquestionsaboutitscurrentenvironmentalstate.TheAIlanguagemodulewilltheninterpretthedataandrespondwithphraseslike“Ineedabitmorewater,”or“Ineedatrim(修剪)”dependingondatacollectedinthesoil.Whenitispleted,thegardenwillrelyonanetworkofsensorsthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoisture(濕度)aswellaswindandrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodel,poweredbyMicrosoft’sAzureOpenAIService,whichcanthenprocessthosefactorsandinformgardenersonbetterfeeding,watering,ortrimmingsuggestions.Intheory,insightsprovidedbymodelslikethisonecouldhelpgardenersuseresourceseffectivelyandavoidoverwateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts.It’sunclear,however,whethereventhebestmodelscanaccountforindividualplanttendencieslikeexperiencedgardeners.Thegarden’stwodesigners,MasseyandJeAhn,wantedtoavoidfallingintothetroubleofmakingtheAIpoweredgardenfeeloverlyartificial.Thoughsensorsandalgorithms(算法)playasignificantroleinmaintainingtheplants,theactualphysicaldesignofthespacedependedonhumans.“AIhasn’tdesignedthegarden.Itisassistingthegardenerslookingafterthegarden,”Masseyexplained.8.ForwhatpurposeistheAIpoweredgardencreated?A.waterandtrimtheplants.B.replacegardenerswithtechnology.C.allowvisitorstodesigntheirowngardens.D.monitorthesituationandprovidesuggestions.9.Whatroledothesensorsplay?A.Designingthegarden.B.ControllingtheAIsystem.C.Collectingenvironmentaldata.D.Monitoringthehealthofplants.10.Accordingtothedesigners,theAIpoweredgarden________.A.isnotasintelligentashumanB.stillneedsgardeners第8頁/共24頁C.strugglestomaintainplexdataWhat’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.AIBenefitsHuman’sLifeD.cannothandlesingleplantaccuratelyB.TheFutureAIpoweredGardenD.AIGardenExhibitionintheUKC.AIpoweredGardenMakesPlant【答案】8.D9.C10.BC【解析】AI技術創建智能花園，通過傳感器網絡監測環境并提供養護建議，使植物仿佛能“表達”需求。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Nextyear,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowan“intelligentgarden”thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.(AI的“智能花園”。)”可知，AI驅動的花園是為了監測情況并提供建議。故選D項。【9題詳解】Whenitispleted,thegardenwillrelyonanetworkofsensorsthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoisture(濕度)aswellaswindandrainfall.(當項目完成后，花園將依賴于遍布整個花園的傳感器網絡，這些傳感器測量諸如土壤濕度、風和降雨等環境因素。)”可知，傳感器測量諸土壤濕度、風和降雨等環境因素，由此可知，傳感器的作用是收集環境數據。故選C項。【10題詳解】Thoughsensorsandalgorithms(算法)playasignificantroleinmaintainingtheplants,theactualphysicaldesignofthespacedependedonhumans.“AIhasn’tdesignedthegarden.Itisassistingthegardenerslookingafterthegarden,”Masseyexplained.(盡管傳感器和算法在維護植物方面發揮了重要作用，AI并沒有設計這個花園。它是在協助負責照看花園的園丁)AI只是協助園丁的，由此可知，AI驅動的花園仍然需要園丁。故選B項。【題詳解】主旨大意題。根據首段中的“Haveyoueverjoyouslysteppedouttoyourbackyardgarden,onlytofindyourcaredforplantsandherbsdying?thesoiltoodry?Didpestsfindtheirwayin?Duringtimeslikethese,somedisappointedgardenersmaywishtheirplantwouldjusttellthemwhatitneeds.(你是否曾滿懷喜悅地走到后院的花園，卻發現自己悉心照料的植物和草藥正在枯萎？土壤是不是太干了？還是害蟲入侵了？在這樣的時刻，第9頁/共24頁一些失望的園丁可能會希望他們的植物能夠直接告訴他們它的需求。)”可知，本文通過提問的形式引出講述的話題，結合下文的“AnewMicrosoftpartneredprojectintheUKistryingtoseeifthatconceptcanbedemonstratedinrealwords.(英國的一個新的微軟合作項目正在嘗試驗證這個概念是否可以用真實的語言來表達。)”以及第二段的“Nextyear,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowan“intelligentgarden”thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.(明年，位于英格蘭的皇家園藝學會將展示一個使用AI園”。)”和下文介紹的AI利用AIAI驅動的花園使植物“說話””可以概括本文的主題，適合作為最佳標題。故選C項。DMicroplasticsrefertoanyplasticsthataresmallerthan5millimeters(0.2inches)long.Theycanbefoundinindustrialwasteandvariousbeautyproductsandcanalsobeformedduringthedegradation(降解)oflargerpiecesofplasticwaste.Infact,previousresearchsuggeststhattheaveragepersontakesinacreditcardworthofmicroscopicplasticparticles(顆粒)everyweek.Butnewresearchshowsthatthiscouldactuallybeanunderstatement.Overtime,thesemicroplasticscanbreakdownevenfurtherintosocallednanoplastics(納米塑料).Theyaresotinythattheycanpassthroughourbodydirectlyintoourbloodstreamsandtravelthroughourbodiesintoourimportantorgans,includingourheartsandbrains.Manyofthesenanoplasticsarewashedintotheocean,whichcontainssomewherebetween50,000and75,000billionpiecesofplastic,accordingtoresearchesbyUNESCO’sOceanLiteracyPortal.Andeventually,theseplasticsendupinourfoodandwaterways.Whiletheideaofeatingplasticisunsettlinginitself,themajorconcernhereisthattheseplasticparticlescontainchemicalsthatcandisturbourbody’snaturalreleaseofhormones,potentiallyincreasingourriskofreproductivedisordersandcertaincancers.Theycanalsocarryheavymetalsontheirsurface.Inthepast,researchershaveshownbottledwatercancontaintensofthousandsofidentifiableplasticpiecesinasinglecontainer.However,untilrecently,onlythelargermicroplasticsweredetectablewithavailablemeasuringtools.Thefieldofthenanoplasticswaslargelyamystery.ThankstoatechniquecalledRamanmicroscopy,theteamwereabletomeasureanaverageof240,000particlesofplasticineachliterofbottledwater,90percentofwhichwerenanoplastics.Thisis10to100timeslargerthanpreviousestimates.Theseplasticslikelyoriginatefromthebottlematerial,filtersusedto“purify”thewater,andthesourcewateritself.“Itisnottotallyunexpectedtofindsomuchofthisthestudy’sleadauthor,Columbiagraduatestudent第10頁/共24頁NaixinQian,saidinastatement.“Theideaisthatthesmallerthingsget,themoreofthemthereare.”Theteamhopetoexpandtheirresearchintotapwaterandotherwatersourcestobetterinformourexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulparticles.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph1referto?A.Theformationofmicroplastics.C.Theprocessofthedegradation.B.Thesizeoftheparticles.D.Theamountofabsorption.13.Howdidresearchersdetectthenanoplasticsinbottledwater?A.Byusingasimpleglass.B.Byemployingaspecialtechnique.C.Byobservingtheboilingwater.D.Byaskingtheconsumers.14.Whatmightbethefutureplanoftheteam?A.removeplasticfromtheocean.B.stoppeoplefromusingbottledwater.C.findanewmaterialtoreplaceplastic.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Bottledwaterismuchworsethanthought.C.Thenanoplasticscanbemeasuredeasily.D.studyplasticparticlesinotherwatersources.B.Microplasticsinbottledwatercanberemoved.D.Theresearchontapwaterhasbeenfinished.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是微塑料的定義、來源及其對人類健康的潛在威脅，特別是納米塑料在瓶裝水中的驚人發現及未來研究方向。【12題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據首段中的“Infact,previousresearchsuggeststhattheaveragepersontakesinacreditcardworthofmicroscopicplasticparticleseveryweek.(一張信用卡重量的微小塑料顆粒。)”可知，以前的研究表明每人每周攝入相當于一張信用卡重量的微塑料顆粒，結合下文“Butnewresearchshowsthatthiscouldactuallybeanunderstatement.(但新的研究表明，這可能實際上是一種低估。)”可知，新研究表明這可能實際上是一種低估，由此可判斷，其中的this指的是每人每周所攝入的微塑料顆粒的量。故選D項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“ThankstoatechniquecalledRamanmicroscopy,theteamwereabletomeasureanaverageof240,000particlesofplasticineachliterofbottledwater,90percentofwhichwerenanoplastics.(得益于一種名為拉曼顯微鏡的技術，研究團隊能夠在每升瓶裝水中測量到平均240,000個塑料第11頁/共24頁顆粒，其中90%為納米塑料。)”可知，研究人員利用了一種叫做拉曼顯微鏡的技術（Ramanmicroscopy）來測量瓶裝水中存在的納米塑料。故選B項。【14題詳解】細節理解題。根據尾段中的“Theteamhopetoexpandtheirresearchintotapwaterandotherwatersourcestobetterinformourexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulparticles.(該研究團隊希望擴展他們的研究，涵蓋自來水和其他水源，以便更好地了解我們對這些潛在有害顆粒的暴露情況。)”可知，研究團隊希望研究包括自來水和其他水源中有害顆粒的情況。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“ThankstoatechniquecalledRamanmicroscopy,theteamwereabletomeasureanaverageof240,000particlesofplasticineachliterofbottledwater,90percentofwhichwerenanoplastics.Thisis10to100timeslargerthanpreviousestimates.(隊能夠在每升瓶裝水中測量到平均240,000個塑料顆粒，其中90%為納米塑料。這比之前的估計高出10到100倍。)”和尾段中的“Theseplasticslikelyoriginatefromthebottlematerial,filtersusedto“purify”thewater,andthesourcewateritself.“Itisnottotallyunexpectedtofindsomuchofthisthestudy’sleadauthor,ColumbiagraduatestudentNaixinQian,saidinastatement.(濾器，以及水源本身。該研究的主要作者、哥倫比亞大學研究生NaixinQian)”可知，使用拉曼顯微鏡的技術發現瓶裝水中的微顆粒是以前估計的10到100倍，而研究者認為，發現這么多的微顆粒并不完全出乎意料，由此可推斷，瓶裝水的問題可能比先前認為的更為嚴重。故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）Ifyouhaveeverkeptasecretfromafriend,afamilymember,oraromanticpartner,chancesarethatthesesamepeoplehavekeptsecretsfromyou.Notallofthem,andnotateverymoment,butsomeofthemsomeofthetime.Usually,yourarelygetaskedaboutyoursecrets.Whensecretsareeasytohide,thisdoesn’tmakethemeasytolivewith.Normally,yousharewithotherswhatyou’rereallythinking.Butwhenyouhavefearsandworries,youneedtoknowthatpeoplereactmorepositivelytodisclosures(透露的秘聞)thanyouoftenimagine.___16___Butwhenyoutaketherisktodoso,yourfriendwillrecognizeyoursincerity.Ifyouareinasocialinteractionthatmakesyoufeelfortableandopen,youneedtorecognizethedoorisopentodisclosure,too.___17___Justliketheleavesthatnobodyhearsfalling,adisclosurewithnolistenerisbarelyadisclosureat第12頁/共24頁all.Whenyourevealsecretstoothers,youareoftenlookingforhelp,andseekingoutthepeoplewhoprovemosthelpful.Speakingaboutanegativeexperiencecanhavethesideeffectofbringingbackthenegativeemotionsyouassociateitwith.___18___Anotherpersoncanyoutwodifferentkindsofhelp:emotionalsupportandpracticalsupport.Ifyoucanfindsomeoneyoufeelfortableopeningupto,theyarelikelytogiveyouoneifnotbothkinds.___19___Theharmofnegativethinkingiseasiertobreakwhenwebringothersin.Ifyouarecurrentlykeepingasecretfromafriend,afamilymember,orapartner,thenyouprobablyhaveatleastonemoresecretthanyouneedtokeep.___20___Thisisallthemorereasontosharewhat’sonyourmind.Whenyouopenuptoothersandtheywillopenuptoyou.A.arecontentwiththesecretsthatyoukeep.B.couldshoutyoursecretinanemptyforest.C.Thismeansitistimetotalktosomeone.D.Itmighttakecouragetorevealsomethingsensitive.E.That’swhyshoutingyoursecretoutisoftennotenough.F.Havingextrasecretsisburdensome.G.Thisincreasestheriskofspreadingsecrets.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是秘密在人際關系中的影響，以及適當披露秘密對個人心理健康和關系發展的積極作用。【16題詳解】根據上文的“Butwhenyouhavefearsandworries,youneedtoknowthatpeoplereactmorepositivelytodisclosures(透露的秘聞)thanyouoftenimagine.(比你想象的要積極得多。)”可知，人們其實對所透露的秘聞的反應更多的是積極的一面，所以不需要擔憂，結合下文的“Butwhenyoutaketherisktodoso,yourfriendwillrecognizeyoursincerity.(但是當你冒險去做的時候，你的朋友會認出你的真誠。)”可知，此空應指的是冒險做的某事能讓朋友看出你的真誠，D選項“Itmighttakecouragetorevealsomethingsensitive.()”講述的內容與空后的內容為轉折關系，且承接上文中提到的透露秘聞這件事情，符合語境。故選D項。【17題詳解】根據下文的“Justliketheleavesthatnobodyhearsfalling,adisclosurewithnolistenerisbarelyadisclosureatall.第13頁/共24頁()所做的事情沒有聽眾一樣，B選項“couldshoutyoursecretinanemptyforest.(你可以在空曠的森林里大聲說出你的秘密。)”可知，對著空曠的森林說出秘密就像是沒有聽眾一樣，與空后所做的比喻吻合，符合語境。故選B項。【18題詳解】根據上文的“Whenyourevealsecretstoothers,youareoftenlookingforhelp,andseekingoutthepeoplewhoprovemosthelpful.Speakingaboutanegativeexperiencecanhavethesideeffectofbringingbackthenegativeemotionsyouassociateitwith.(當你向別人透露秘密時，你通常是在尋求幫助，并尋找那些被證明最有幫助的人。談論一段消極的經歷可能會產生副作用，讓你回想起與之相關的消極情緒。)”可知，透露秘密其實E選項“That’swhyshoutingyoursecretoutisoftennotenough.(這就是為什么大聲說出你的秘密往往是不夠的。)”承接上文的內容，且對本段內容做出總結，符合語境。故選E項。【19題詳解】根據上文的“Anotherpersoncanyoutwodifferentkindsofhelp:emotionalsupportandpracticalsupport.Ifyoucanfindsomeoneyoufeelfortableopeningupto,theyarelikelytogiveyouoneifnotbothkinds.(其他人可以為你提供兩種不同的幫助：情感支持和實際支持。如果你能找到一個讓你感到可以敞開心扉的人，他們很可能為你提供一種幫助，如果不是兩種的話。)”可知，如果能夠找到一個能讓你敞開心扉的人，他們會給你提供至少一種幫助，結合下文的“Theharmofnegativethinkingiseasiertobreakwhenwebringothersin.()C選項“Thismeansitistimetotalktosomeone.(這意味著是時候跟某人談談了。)”中的this指代的是上文中提到的找到能讓你敞開心扉的人，且下文是對此空的進一步解釋說明，符合語境。故選C項。【20題詳解】根據下文的“Thisisallthemorereasontosharewhat’sonyourmind.Whenyouopenuptoothersandtheywillopenuptoyou.(這更是理由讓你分享心中的想法。當你向他人敞開心扉時，他們也會向你敞開心扉。)”可F選項“Havingextrasecretsisburdensome.(擁有額外的秘密是一種負擔。)”講述的內容為下文中this指代的內容，且與下文為因果關系，符合邏輯。故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分分）第一節（共小題；每小題1分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ItwaslateOctoberin1997.MikeCootswassurfingwithhisfriendsnearhishomeinHawaiiwhenhewas第14頁/共24頁___21___byashark.AsMikestruggledtoswimback,he___22___hislowerrightlegwasgone.___23___,hisfriendsrushedtohisaidanddrovehimtohospital.Forthenextfewweeks,Mikespenttimewithhisfamilyand___24___thefuture.AssoonasMikewasgiventheOKbyhisdoctors,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsider___25___:hestartedridingthewavesagain.Infact,hisfirsttimebackwasnearthe___26___oftheattack.ButMikewasunshaken.Instead,hewascuriousandtriedto___27___whyhewasattacked.His___28___ledhimtoresearchsharks,andhedidlearnsomethingthatwould___29___hislife:Humansarefarmore____30____tosharksthantheotherwayaround.About70millionsharksayeararekilledfortheirfinsontablesalone.Hisuniquesituationasashark____31____empoweredhimtogivesharksavoice.He____32____withotherlikemindedsharkattacksurvivorsandbiologists,tocreateanationwide____33____protectingsharks.Aftertheattack,Mikealso____34____howmuchhelovedphotography,andithasbeehis____35____.Heenjoysusinghisphotostoshowsharksareimportantpartofbiodiversity.21.A.searched22.A.guessedB.attackedB.imaginedB.ObviouslyB.identifiedC.guidedD.threatenedD.realizedC.predictedC.UndoubtedlyC.considered23.A.Fortunately24A.paredD.SurprisinglyD.suspected25.A.unthinkable26.A.condition27.A.carryout28.A.anxietyB.unfortableB.environmentB.figureoutB.independenceB.continueC.unfairD.unhappyD.spotC.backgroundC.pointoutC.curiosityC.challengeC.terribleD.calloutD.confidenceD.lose29.A.change30.A.puzzling31.A.fighterB.importantB.survivorD.dangerousD.consumerD.debatedD.argumentD.discoveredD.versionC.hunter32.A.discussed33.A.motionB.exchangedB.connectionB.doubtedC.partneredC.situationC.decidedC.observation34.A.appreciated35.A.reaction【答案】21.BB.profession22.D23.A24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.D第15頁/共24頁31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了MikeCoots在夏威夷沖浪時被鯊魚咬掉右腿，康復后他重新開始沖浪并研究鯊魚，意識到人類對鯊魚威脅更大后，他與他人合作發起保護鯊魚運動，此外他還發現自己對攝影的熱愛并將其發展為職業。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：MikeCoots和朋友在夏威夷的家附近沖浪時被鯊魚襲擊。A.searched搜索；B.attacked攻擊；C.guided引導；D.threatenedInstead,hewascuriousandtriedto___7___whyhewasattacked.”可知，Mike是被鯊魚襲擊了。故選B。【22題詳解】MikeA.guessed猜測；B.imaginedC.predictedD.realized意識到。根據上文“AsMikestruggledtoswimback”和下文“hislowerrightlegwasgone”可推知，在Mike掙扎著游回來的過程中，他意識到自己的右小腿不見了。故選D。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，他的朋友們趕來幫助他，并開車把他送到了醫院。A.Fortunately幸B.ObviouslyC.UndoubtedlyD.Surprisinglyhisfriendsrushedtohisaidanddrovehimtohospital”可知，朋友們趕來幫助Mike，開車把他送到了醫院，這是件幸運的事。故選A。【24題詳解】MikeA.pared比B.identifiedC.consideredD.suspected懷疑。根據下文“AssoonasMikewasgiventheOKbyhisdoctors,hedidwhatmanyofusmightconsider___5___:hestartedridingthewavesagain.”可知，之后Mike在醫生的批準下，又開始沖浪了，由此可知，他是在這幾個星期里，考慮自己的未來。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：得到醫生