Unit4Unit4v.-ing形式在句中作定語和狀語是本單元的學習重點1.作定語Theexperimentwasanamazingsuccess.YoucanfindVivieninthereadingroom.Thereweregrowingdoubtsaboutthevictorystatement.★單個的動詞-ing形式作定語常位于被修飾名詞的前面，既可以表示被修飾成分的性質或用途，也可以表示被修飾成分的動作或狀態。Alittlechildlearningtowalk(=who/thatislearningtowalk)oftenfalls.Ayoungmanwritingnovels(=who/thatwritesnovels)cametospeaktomeyesterday.Hersons,bothworkingabroad(=whobothwork/arebothworkingabroad),ringhereveryweek.★動詞-ing形式作后置定語，其作用相當于一個______從句。定語【拓展】動詞-ing形式的被動式（beingdone）也可作定語，表示正在發生的被動動作。e.g.Wemustkeepthethingsbeingdiscussedasecret.Iknewnothingabouttheexperiment

beingperformedthere.2.作狀語動詞-ing形式作狀語可表示時間、條件、原因、結果、方式、讓步或伴隨情況等，其邏輯主語通常與句子的主語一致，動詞-ing形式所表示的動作與主語之間構成邏輯上的主謂關系。說出下列各句中動詞-ing形式表示什么狀語。1)Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.______2)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.______3)Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.

______原因條件伴隨4)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.______方式5)(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.________________________________6)Thechildslippedandfell,hitting

hisheadagainstthedoor.______結果時間,可以在分詞前保留when

Havingfinishedhishomework,Davidwenttobed.Havinglivedtherefortenyears,Iknewtheplaceverywell.★動詞-ing形式的完成式所表示的動作發生在主句謂語動作______(前/后)。NotseeingSusan,Iaskedwhereshewas.Nothavingdoneitright,hetriedagain.★動詞-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加

______。前note.g.Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.

(分詞的邏輯主語是time,而句子的主語是I,兩者不構成主謂關系,所以只能用獨立主格結構,也就是給現在分詞補充一個主語。)Attentione.g.Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhead.我等汽車時，一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.

所有的票已經賣光了，他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we’lldoanothertwoexercises.如果時間允許，我們將做另兩個練習。有時也可用with(without)+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式e.g.

Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.

他點著燈睡著了。1.

The

hospital

has

recently

obtained

new

medical

equipment,

_____

more

patients

to

be

treated.

(2017天津卷)A.

being

allowed

B.

allowing

C.

having

allowed

D.

alloweddoing現在分詞做結果狀語，表示必然的結果，上一句醫院購進新設備，順理成章能夠使更多病人獲得治療。B高考鏈接2.

This

included

digging

up

the

road,

63(lay)

the

track

and

then

building

a

strong

roof

over

the

top.

(全國II卷63)本題考查doing動名詞做賓語，和digging

up,

building做謂語動詞included的并列賓語。句意：“這包括挖路，鋪設鐵軌和在上面修建堅固的頂兒。”layingI.Usethe–ingformsoftheverbsbelowtocompletethefollowingsentences.Someverbswillbeusedmorethanonce.

laughcompetesmiletouchapproachshake1Wewereallnervousaboutthe_____________examinations.2Ialwaysknowwhenmymotheristellingajoke.Afterafewseconds,shealwayslooksatme__________________.approachinglaughing/smiling3Businessleadersoftenlookveryserious.Theydonotoftenhave_______faces.

4Afterthedogfellinthelake,itclimbedout_______itself.5The_______buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.6Afterwesawthecomedyshow,weleftthetheatre__________.smilingshakingshakinglaughinglaughcompetesmiletouchapproachshake7Itisexcitingtowatch_________athletesreachtheotherendoftheswimmingpool.8Theblindmanwalked_________thewallsofthebuildings.touchingcompetinglaughcompetesmiletouchapproachshake1.WhenheapproachedMsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.________________MsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.II.Rewritethefollowingsentences.Whenapproaching2.Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.Theperson__________________canspeaksevenlanguages.translatingthesongs3.Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.Theboy_______________thereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.whoisstanding4.Becausehedidn’tknowanyone,hestoodtheresilently.____________anyone,hestoodthere

slilently.Notknowing

III.Completethesentenceswithv.-ing.1.Thepicturethathangsonthewallisaworld-famousone.Thepicture_______onthewallisaworld-famousone.2.Becausehehadn’treceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertohim.________________ananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertohim.hangingNothavingreceived3.Whenheseesthemountain,healwaysthinksofhishometown._______themountain,healwaysthinksofhishometown.4.BecauseitisSunday,therearenostudentsintheschool.It___________,therearenostudentsintheschool.SeeingbeingSunday5.Hehuntedalltheshopstolookforanicepresentforhismother.Hehuntedalltheshops,_________anicepresentforhismother.lookingfor1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeakingIV.Correctthefollowingsentences.5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmakingV.Completetheshortpassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebrackets.

Myideal(理想的)readingroomisreallyfantastic.Itwillbeneartheschoollibrary.1._____________(study)thewholeday,thestudentscancomehere2.________(read)books.Insidethereadingroomagainstthewallswillstandtwobookshelvesfullof3.___________(interest)booksormagazines.Havingstudied

toreadinteresti