大題預測閱讀理解議論文應用文寫作一、閱讀理解議論文Passage（1）【2025屆河南省新鄉市高三下學期第一次模擬考試】Abeautifulpieceofmusicwasplayingontheradio.Ididnotknowwhatitwas,andIstartedlisteningcarefully,butthenInoticedmymindwanderingasiftoownthemusic.Itwaslikeitwasnotenoughformejusttoenjoythemoment.Ineededtomemorize,understand,andanalyzewhatIwashearingtocapturethatmoment.Andindoingthis,Iwasnolongerenjoyingit.Whatstoppedmefromenjoyingthemusic?Inaskingthatquestion,IrememberedthehumanisticpsychologistErichFromm.InhisclassicbookToHaveorToBe?hewroteabout“having”and“being”astwodifferentmindsetsorattitudestowardslife.Frommdescribedhowhavingwasadominantculturalmindsetandultimatelyattherootofmanyofourpersonalandsocialproblems.Thehavingmindsetissodeeplyingrainedwithinusthatitcantakeoverandpushourbeingoutoftheway.Thehavingmindsetraisesanessentialproblemforhumanity.Frommwritesabouthowitcomesfromourmaterialisticcultureinwhichhavingasamindsetisprioritizedoverabeingmindset.ItoftenseemsthatmostofustreatlifeasifwewerejustplayingagiantgameofMonopoly(大富翁)inrealtime.Whocancollectthemostwealthandpropertyandexploit(剝削)theotherplayers?Itisagameinwhichwelearntovalueonlywhatbringsusmonetarygain.trulyneedsolittleinthewayofmaterialthingstobecontentedinlife.needasenseofpurpose,meaning,relationships,goodhealth,andtheresourcestobesafeandsecure.ItfeelslikewehavenochoicebuttoliveasifwewerethepiecesonaMonopolyboard.Butwecanbeawareofthechoiceswemakeinlifeandbegintoadjustourliveseitherdownthepathofhavingorbeing.Thatway,wecanlearntoenjoyapieceofmusicwithoutneedingtobuyit,goforawalk,andappreciatethewildflowerswithoutpickingthem.1．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hedidn’tlikemusic.B．Helikedanalyzingmusicoccasionally.C．Hefailedtoenjoythemusic.D．Helistenedtomusiccasually.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingrained”inParagraph3mean?1/A．Rooted.B．Affected.C．Imagined.D．Discovered.3．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards“having”mindset?A．Interested.B．Opposed.C．Positive.D．Unconcerned.4．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodo?A．PlaythegameofMonopoly.B．Changeourmindsetsinlife.C．Aimhighandseekyourfortune.D．Findlifepurposeandhelpothers.【答案】1．C2．A3．B4．B“擁有”和“存在”兩種心態的觀點，指出“擁有”心態的問題并建議人們做出改變。1“Ididnotknowwhatitwas,andIstartedlisteningcarefully,butthenInoticedmymindwanderingasiftoownthemusic.Itwaslikeitwasnotenoughformejusttoenjoythemoment.Ineededtomemorize,understand,andanalyzewhatIwashearingtocapturethatmoment.Andindoingthis,Iwasnolongerenjoyingit.()”了。故選C項。2“Thehavingmindsetissodeeplyingrainedwithinusthatitcantakeoverandpushourbeingoutoftheway.(“擁有”心態在我們內心如此ingrained“存在”心態擠到一邊)”中“so...that...”是固定句型，that引導結果狀語從句，由“itcantakeoverandpushourbeingoutoftheway”可推知，“擁有”心態對我們影響很深，如同扎根在我們內心一樣，所以才導致“存在”心態擠到一邊。故劃線詞“ingrained”意為“根深蒂固的”，與“Rooted”意思相近。故選A項。3．推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Frommdescribedhowhavingwasadominantculturalmindsetandultimatelyattherootofmanyofourpersonalandsocialproblems.(弗洛姆描述了“擁有”最終是我們許多個人和社會問題的根源)”、第三段中“Thehavingmindsetraisesanessentialproblemforhumanity.(“擁有”心態給人類帶來了一個根本性的問題)”和最后一段中“Thatway,wecanlearntoenjoyapieceofmusicwithoutneedingtobuyit,goforawalk,andappreciatethewildflowerswithoutpickingthem.()”說明“擁有”心態會給個人和社會帶來問題，同時建議人們學會欣賞而不是去擁有。由此推知，作者對“擁有”心態持反對態度。故選B項。2/4“Butwecanbeawareofthechoiceswemakeinlifeandbegintoadjustourliveseitherdownthepathofhavingorbeing.Thatway,wecanlearntoenjoyapieceofmusicwithoutneedingtobuyit,goforawalk,andappreciatethewildflowerswithoutpickingthem.(但是我們可以意識到我們在生活中所“擁有”“存在”)”擁有，這是建議我們改變生活中的心態。故選B項。Passage（2）【2025屆吉林省延邊朝鮮族自治州高三下學期一模】MosthaveprobablyheardofHenryDavidThoreauandhisbookWalden,eventhoughhismessageofsimplicitymaysoundoutdated.Nowadays,smartphonesflooduswithtextmessages.Manyconsumersarebuyingthelatestdigitaldevices,fromtabletsandfitnesstrackerstocommercialdrones.Simplelivingseemstobeathingofthepast.ThoreauwouldbegtoAsawriterwhoadvocatedthevalueofsimplicityalmosttwocenturiesago,hewasacontrarian(叛逆者)forhistime.HelivedduringtheheightoftheIndustrialAge,distinguishedbytheriseoflargefactories,expandingurbandevelopments,andpowerfulmachines.bytheconstantbusynessofthistime,Thoreauwithdrewfromcitylifetolivealoneinthewoods.HebroughtwithhimonlythenecessitiesoflifeandwroteaboutthisadventureinhisbookInthebook,Thoreauisbasicallymakingaphilosophicalstatement.arenotlivingmeaningfullivesduetomoderntechnology.createdpowerfulmachinestomakelifemoreconvenient.Unfortunately,thesemachineshavedonetheopposite.Inhiswords,“”.Thatistosay,wearenottheonescontrollingtechnology.iscontrollingus.Everyfewminutes,smartphonesmaydistractuswithmessages.AtleasthalfofAmericanschecktheirphonesseveraltimesanhour.Meanwhile,informationoverloadfromsocialmediacanweakenourconcentrationandheightenconfusion.Whentechnologycausesthatmuchdistractionandconfusion,itmaybehealthytosimplifylifebyreducingtechnologyoveruse.Personally,I’vedonesointwoways.First,Iuseverylittledataonmyphoneandkeeptheappsonittoaminimum.Mosttime,Ionlyusemyphonetocallortext.Second,Iquitmostsocialmedia.Sure,thosetwothingsaren’tasextremeasThoreauwithdrawingintothewoods.Nevertheless,they’rerealisticmovesIcanmaketowardlivingamoremeaningfullife.5．WhydoestheauthorrefertoThoreau’sbookinParagraph1?A．tellthecharactersofThoreau.B．attractmoreconsumers.3/C．bringintheconceptofsimplelife.D．discusstheadvantageofsmartphones.6．WhatmightdriveThoreautoliveinthewoods?A．Thepurposetokeepfit.B．Hisplanofwritingabook.C．Thepaceofhistime.D．Hisworryabouttechnology.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoThoreau’swords“menhavebecomethetoolsoftheirtools”?A．B．Doubtful.C．Approving.D．Critical.8．Whatistheauthor’smainargumentinthistext?A．Moderntechnologyimprovesourlives.B．Simplicityinawayhelpsliveameaningfullife.C．shouldwithdrawfrommodernsociety.D．Powerfulmachinesarenecessaryforprogress.【答案】5．C6．C7．C8．B【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了梭羅的簡單生活理念及其對現代生活的啟示。5．推理判斷題。由文章第一段“MosthaveprobablyheardofHenryDavidThoreauandhisbookWalden,eventhoughhismessageofsimplicitymaysoundoutdated.Nowadays,smartphonesflooduswithtextmessages.Manyconsumersarebuyingthelatestdigitaldevices,fromtabletsandfitnesstrackerstocommercialdrones.Simplelivingseemstobeathingofthepast.(大多數人可能都聽說過亨利·戴維·梭羅和他的著作《瓦爾登湖》，盡管他提倡簡樸生活的理念聽起來可能已經過時。如今，智能手機向我們狂轟濫炸般發送短信。許多消費者都在購買最新的數字設備，從平板電腦、健身追蹤器到商用無人機應有盡有。簡樸生活似乎已經成了過去式。)”可知，作者提到梭羅的《瓦爾登湖》是為了引出簡單生活的概念。故選C。6．細節理解題。由文章第三段中bytheconstantbusynessofthistime,Thoreauwithdrewfromcitylifetolivealoneinthewoods.(梭羅厭倦了那個時代的持續忙碌，于是從城市生活中抽身，獨自住在樹林里。)”可知，他的時間節奏促使梭羅住在樹林里。故選C。7．推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Thatistosay,wearenottheonescontrollingtechnology.iscontrollingus.Everyfewminutes,smartphonesmaydistractuswithmessages.AtleasthalfofAmericanschecktheirphonesseveraltimesanhour.Meanwhile,informationoverloadfromsocialmediacanweakenourconcentrationandheightenconfusion.(能手機就可能用消息分散我們的注意力。至少有一半的美國人每小時會查看幾次手機。與此同時，社交媒)”工具的奴隸，技術正在控制我們。故選C。8“Manyconsumersarebuyingthelatestdigitaldevices,from4/tabletsandfitnesstrackerstocommercialdrones.Simplelivingseemstobeathingofthepast.(許多消費者都在購買最新的數字設備，從平板電腦、健身追蹤器到商用無人機應有盡有。簡樸生活似乎已經成了過去式。)”和最后一段“Whentechnologycausesthatmuchdistractionandconfusion,itmaybehealthytosimplifylifebyreducingtechnologyoveruse.(當技術造成如此多的干擾和困惑時，通過減少過度使用技術來簡化生活可能是有益的。)”可知，作者的主要論點是簡化生活在一定程度上有助于過上更有意義的生活。故選B。Passage（3）【2025Intoday’sinterconnectedworld,maintainingpersonalindependenceismoreimportantthanever.Whilecooperatingwithandrelyingonothersareessentialaspectsofmodernlife,anoverdependenceonexternal(外部的)systems,technology,orindividualscangraduallydestroyautonomy,killpersonalgrowth,andcompromiseone’sabilitytodealwithchallenges.First,independencedevelopsself-relianceandadaptability.Inarapidlychangingworld,individualsmustadapttounexpectedcircumstances,fromeconomicdownturns(衰退)totechnologicaldisruptions.Forexample,someonewhohasdevelopedfinancialknowledgeandself-sufficiencyisbetterequippedtohandleeconomicchallengesthansomeonewhoreliesentirelyonothersforsupport.Independenceenablesindividualstotakecontroloftheirlivesandmakeinformeddecisionswithoutbeingoverlyinfluencedbyexternalforces.Second,independencepromotespersonalgrowthandself-fulfillment.Relyingtoomuchonotherscanlimitone’sopportunitiestoexplore,takerisks,andlearnfrommistakes.Whenindividualsindependentlypursuetheirgoalsandpassions,theygainconfidence,skills,andasenseofpurpose.Forexample,startingapersonalprojectorbusinesswithoutexternalbackingchallengespeopletoinnovateandthinkcritically,developingcreativityandproblem-solvingabilities.Maintainingindependenceprotectsindividualityandpersonalidentityinaworldwhereconformity(遵從)isoftenencouraged.Socialmediaandculturaltrendscanpressureindividualstoagreewithpopularopinionsoradoptpopularlifestyles,potentiallyhidingtheirtrueselves.Independenceallowspeopletoformtheirownbeliefs,values,andpriorities,makingthemmoreempoweredtocontributeuniquelytosociety.Criticsmightarguethatindependencerisksisolationorthelossofcommunityvalues.However,independencedoesnotpreventcooperationormeaningfulrelationships.Infact,trulyindependentindividualsoftenbringmorevaluetorelationshipsbecausetheycontributefromaplaceofstrengthandconfidenceratherthandependency.Maintainingindependenceintoday’ssocietyisvitalforpersonalgrowth.Whilemutualsupportand5/interdependencearevaluable,theyshouldnotcomeatthecostofautonomy.Keepingabalancebetweencooperationandindependenceensuresindividualscanthriveinanever-evolvingworld.9．WhomayhandleeconomicchallengesbetteraccordingtoParagraph2?A．Peopledependingonthemselves.B．Peoplemakinginnovativedecisions.C．Peopleinfluencedbyexternalforces.D．Peoplerelyingonunexpectedsettings.10．Whydoesindependencematterinaworldencouragingconformity?A．Itmakespeopleformcommonbeliefs.B．Itallowspeopletomaintainself-hood.C．Itenablespeopletoleadculturaltrends.D．Ithelpspeopledeveloptheirintelligence.．Whichcanbestdescribeanindependentpersoninrelationships?A．Confidentandhelpful.B．Isolatedandindifferent.C．Cooperativeandproud.D．Criticalandautonomous.12．Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Byinferringandcomparing.B．ByshowingcauseandC．Bygivingopinionsandexamples.D．Bystatingproblemsandsolutions.【答案】9．A10．B．A12．C【導語】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹的是在當今互聯互通的世界中，保持個人獨立性的重要性及其對個人成長的積極影響。9．細節理解題。根據第二段第三句“Forexample,someonewhohasdevelopedfinancialknowledgeandself-sufficiencyisbetterequippedtohandleeconomicchallengesthansomeonewhoreliesentirelyonothersforsupport.(挑戰。)”可知，依靠自己的人可以更好地應對經濟挑戰。故選A。10“Maintainingindependenceprotectsindividualityandpersonalidentityinaworldwhereconformity(遵從)isoftenencouraged.(份。)”和“Independenceallowspeopletoformtheirownbeliefs,values,andpriorities,makingthemmoreempoweredtocontributeuniquelytosociety.(6/)”信念、價值觀和優先事項，從而保持個性和自我身份。因此，是獨立性讓人們能夠保持自我。故選B。．推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段的“However,independencedoesnotpreventcooperationormeaningfulrelationships.Infact,trulyindependentindividualsoftenbringmorevaluetorelationshipsbecausetheycontributefromaplaceofstrengthandconfidenceratherthandependency.(實上，真正獨立的人通常會給人際關系帶來更多價值，因為他們的貢獻來自于力量和信心，而不是依賴。)”可知，文章提到，真正獨立的人在關系中更有價值，因為他們是從一種強大和自信的狀態中做出貢獻，而不是出于依賴。因此，獨立的人在關系中是自信且有幫助的。故選A。12“Whilecooperatingwithandrelyingonothersareessentialaspectsofmodernlife,anoverdependenceonexternal(外部的)systems,technology,orindividualscangraduallydestroyautonomy,killpersonalgrowth,andcompromiseone’sabilitytodealwithchallenges.(雖然與他人合作和依賴他人是現代生活的重要方面，但過度依賴外部系統、技術或個人會逐漸破壞自主性，扼殺個人成長，并損害一個人應對挑戰的能力。)”；第二段的“Forexample,someonewhohasdevelopedfinancialknowledgeandself-sufficiencyisbetterequippedtohandleeconomicchallengesthansomeonewhoreliesentirelyonothersforsupport.Independenceenablesindividualstotakecontroloftheirlivesandmakeinformeddecisionswithoutbeingoverlyinfluencedbyexternalforces.(例如，擁有金融知識和自給自足能力的人比完全依賴他人支持的人更有能力應)”的“Forexample,startingapersonalprojectorbusinesswithoutexternalbackingchallengespeopletoinnovateandthinkcritically,developingcreativityandproblem-solvingabilities.(例如，在沒有外部支持的情況下開始一個個)”通過提出觀點（獨立性的重要性）并結合具體例子（如經濟挑戰、個人項目、文化趨勢等）來展開論述。因此，文章主要是通過給出觀點和例子來發展的。故選C。Passage（4）【2025屆重慶市康德高三上學期第一次聯合診斷檢測考試】Ifyoucouldtakeapillto“cure”yourloneliness,wouldyoutakeit?The“lonelinessepidemic(流行病)”hasbeenwidelyreportedandcommenteduponacrosstheworldinrecentyears,affectingyoungandold.Therehaveevenbeennumerousurgentcallsbygovernmentstoaddressit.However,someresearchersquestionwhetherwereallyhavethecredibledatatobackupsuchclaims.Shouldwestruggletoeradicateit,aswewouldavirusoradisease?PsychologistJamesHillmanhadconcernsaboutviewinglonelinessasapathology(病理學).Henotedthat7/solutionslikesocializinginrecoverygroupssuggestweshouldgetridofloneliness.ButHillmanarguedthatiflonelinessisanaturalpartofus,itwillnaturallycomeandgothroughoutourlives,regardlessofourtoavoidit.Ihavespentmuchofmycareerresearchingloneliness,conductinghundredsofinterviewsandobservingitsmanyversionsacrossallages.Myfindingssuggestthatlonelinessisnotasinglefeelingbutalabelforarangeofhumanexperiencesandunmetneedsrelatedtodisconnection,whichmaybeinevitableattimes.InmybookAlltheLonelyPeople:ConversationsonLoneliness,Ipresentvariousexamplesofloneliness,drawnfromnumerousprojectsandinterviews,eachofferingaglimpseintodifferentaspectsofthiscondition.Storieshelpusidentifywhatlonelinesslookslikeandhowitislived.Theyalsoshowthatlonelinessispartofmostpeople’slifejourneys.Acceptingthisrealitymaybemoresensiblethanpathologizingit,whichcancreateshameandforcepeopletohidetheirloneliness.Thisisnottoignoreloneliness,whichischallenginganddifficult.Butstoriesallowustoshareourloneliness,unburdenourselves,andconnectwithothers.Thesufferinginlonelinessoftenoriginatesfrombeingalonewithit.Ultimately,theanswertolonelinessmaylieinlearningtolivealongsideit,ratherthandenyingitsexistenceortryingtorootitout.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicate”mostprobablymean?A．Remove.B．Change.C．Highlight.D．Identify.14．Whatistheauthor’sresearchapproachtostudyingloneliness?A．Observingphysicalresponsesintrials.B．CollectingavarietyortypicalcasesC．Reviewingpublishedresearchpapers.D．aquestionnairesurveyanalysis.15．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorsharing“stories”?A．informhowlonelinessvarieswithage.B．emphasizetheimportanceofstorytelling.C．showcomplexitiesofhumanloneliness.D．expresshissympathyforthesuffering.16．Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionfortheissueofloneliness?A．Overcomeitbystayingbusy.B．Engagewithsocialactivities.C．Coexistpeacefullywithit.D．toexpertsforguidance.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．C【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了孤獨的本質以及我們對待它的態度。13．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Ifyoucouldtakeapillto“cure”yourloneliness,wouldyoutakeit?(如果你8/能吃一顆藥丸來“治愈”你的孤獨，你會吃嗎？)”和下文“...aswewouldavirusoradisease(就像我們對付病毒或疾病一樣)”吃一顆藥丸來治愈或消除它，劃線詞eradicate意為“消除”，與Remove同義。故選A。14．細節理解題。根據第三段“Ihavespentmuchofmycareerresearchingloneliness,conductinghundredsofinterviewsandobservingitsmanyversionsacrossallages.Myfindingssuggestthatlonelinessisnotasinglefeelingbutalabelforarangeofhumanexperiencesandunmetneedsrelatedtodisconnection,whichmaybeinevitableattimes.InmybookAlltheLonelyPeople:ConversationsonLoneliness,Ipresentvariousexamplesofloneliness,drawnfromnumerousprojectsandinterviews,eachofferingaglimpseintodifferentaspectsofthiscondition.(的研究結果表明，孤獨不是一種單一的感覺，而是一系列人類經歷和未滿足的需求的標簽，這些需求與斷開聯系有關，有時可能是不可避免的。在我的書《所有孤獨的人：關于孤獨的對話》中，我展示了各種各樣的孤獨的例子，這些例子來自于許多項目和采訪，每一個都提供了對這種情況的不同方面的一瞥)”可知，B。15．推理判斷題。根據第四段“Storieshelpusidentifywhatlonelinesslookslikeandhowitislived.Theyalsoshowthatlonelinessispartofmostpeople’slifejourneys.Acceptingthisrealitymaybemoresensiblethanpathologizingit,whichcancreateshameandforcepeopletohidetheirloneliness.(故事幫助我們確定孤獨是什么樣子的，以及它是如何生活的。它們還表明，孤獨是大多數人生命旅程的一部分。接受這一現實可能比病)”是一種自然的人生經歷，而不是讓孤獨成為一種羞恥或病理化的問題。所以作者通過故事展現孤獨在人們生活中的不同表現形式，幫助讀者認識到孤獨的復雜性。故選C。16．細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Ultimately,theanswertolonelinessmaylieinlearningtolivealongsideit,ratherthandenyingitsexistenceortryingtorootitout.(它的存在或試圖根除它)”可知，作者建議與其試圖完全消除孤獨，不如學會與孤獨和平共處。故選C。Passage（5）【貴州省余慶中學2024-2025學年高三下學期開學考試】Thetelephonehasbeenusedforover100years,allowingustochatwithourfriendshappilywhilewe’redoingdishes.Buttherearemanyyoungpeopleforwhomtheideaofansweringaphonecallislikebeingtrappedunderwater.Iftheonlywaytosurvivethatimaginarysituationweretoanswertheringingphone,theymightgiveup.Manyneveranswersuchacallforfearoftheunknown.Someunderstandablydon’tanswerthephone9/becausesomecallsareunnecessarilytime-consumingandtheinformationcanbetterbecommunicatedthroughtextoremail,andsometimespeoplewhoenjoytalkingonthephonetendtouseitasaplatformforawkwardlydrawn-outandtoopersonalconversations.Thisfeargoesbeyondallthat,andmanyareafraideveniftheincomingphonecallistotallyinnocent.Arecentsurveyhasfoundthatmostyoungpeopleshowanxietybeforemakingaphonecall.Whatisgoingonhere?Whentalkingonthephone,apersontypicallyhastorespondliveandmaynotbementallypreparedenoughtoputacarefully-wordedresponsetogether,aprospectwhichisevenmoredifficultwhentalkingtosomeoneyoudon’tInyoungpeople’sworldfilledwiththeirpreferredemailsandinstantmessages,aphonecallfeelslikeanarrowshootingthroughtheboundaryand(緩沖)suchformsofcommunicationnormallythem.Manythinkphonecallsshouldbemadeforurgentandseriousissues,butI’darguethatlineofthinkingiscomplicatedinnature.Thosekindsofemergencycallsarerare,andwhenyouthinkthat’swhatphonecallsshouldbemadefor,youtendtoseethemallthatway.Butthephonecall,properlymadeandtimed,ismeanttonegotiatethatlinewhenotheroptionsareunavailable,andprovidesadifferentkindofclosenessandfamiliarity.Soifthephonestartsringinginfrontofyou,trypickingitup,whichwillgiveyoustrengthtodealwithotherscaryunknowns.Besides,youcanalwaysrespondwithonepleasure;hangingup.17．Whatistheimaginarysituationinparagraph1intendedtoshow?A．Pleasurefrominteractingwithothersonthephone.B．people’sunwillingnesstoanswerthephone.C．Theterribleconsequenceofansweringaphonecall.D．Thereasonwhyyoungpeopleadvocatephonecalls.18．Whydoyoungpeopleprefertheuseofemailsaccordingtothetext?A．Itdoesn’trequireliveresponses.B．Itcanboosttheircriticalthinking.C．Itbetterrevealstheirtrueemotions.D．Itisabletobreakmanyboundaries.19．Whichofthefollowingshowstheauthor’sopiniononphonecalls?A．Theyarelikelytobepriortootheroptions.B．Theyhadbetterbeavoidedamongstrangers.C．Theyshouldalwaysbeasignalofseriousissues.D．Theyarenotnecessarilyreservedforemergencies.20．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?/A．ShouldPeopleGiveUpTheirPhones?B．ArePeopleReadytoMakeaPhoneCall?C．WhyArePeopleFrightenedofPhoneCalls?D．HowCanPeopleOvercomePhoneAnxiety?【答案】17．B18．A19．D20．C【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞年輕人對電話通話的恐懼和焦慮展開討論，分析了這種恐懼的根源、表現形式，并提出了作者的觀點和建議。17“Buttherearemanyyoungpeopleforwhomtheideaofansweringaphonecallislikebeingtrappedunderwater.Iftheonlywaytosurvivethatimaginarysituationweretoanswertheringingphone,theymightgiveup.(但對于許多年輕人來說，接聽電話的念頭就如同被困在水下。如果在這個想象的)”困水下，且寧愿放棄生存也不愿接聽電話，生動地展現了年輕人極不情愿接聽電話的態度。故選B。18“Whentalkingonthephone,apersontypicallyhastorespondliveandmaynotbementallypreparedenoughtoputacarefully-wordedresponsetogether,aprospectwhichisevenmoredifficultwhentalkingtosomeoneyoudon’tInyoungpeople’sworldfilledwiththeirpreferredemailsandinstantmessages,aphonecallfeelslikeanarrowshootingthroughtheboundaryand(緩沖)suchformsofcommunicationnormallythem.(出措辭嚴謹的回答，尤其是與不認識的人交談時，這種情況會更難應對。在年輕人的世界里，他們更喜歡)”電話需要即時回應，而年輕人更喜歡電子郵件和即時消息，原因是電子郵件等不像電話那樣需要即時回應，他們有時間組織語言。故選A。19．推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Manythinkphonecallsshouldbemadeforurgentandseriousissues,butI’darguethatlineofthinkingiscomplicatedinnature.Thosekindsofemergencycallsarerare,andwhenyouthinkthat’swhatphonecallsshouldbemadefor,youtendtoseethemallthatway.Butthephonecall,properlymadeandtimed,ismeanttonegotiatethatlinewhenotheroptionsareunavailable,andprovidesadifferentkindofclosenessandfamiliarity.(許多人認為電話應該用于緊急和嚴肅的事情，但我認為這種思維方式本質上很復雜。那種緊急電話很少見，當你認為電話就應該用于此類事情時，你往往會一直這么看待它們。但是，在其他)”可知，作者認為電話不一定只能用于緊急情況，在其他合適的時候也可以打。故選D。/20“Buttherearemanyyoungpeopleforwhomtheideaofansweringaphonecallislikebeingtrappedunderwater.Iftheonlywaytosurvivethatimaginarysituationweretoanswertheringingphone,theymightgiveup.(但對于許多年輕人來說，接聽電話的念頭就如同被困在水下。如果在這個想象的)”輕人害怕接打電話這一現象，接著分析了原因，如對未知的恐懼、電話溝通的即時性等。選項C“WhyArePeopleFrightenedofPhoneCalls?”能很好地概括文章主要內容。故選C。Passage（6）【2025屆江西省景德鎮市高三上學期二模】Sincetheindustrialrevolution,therehavebeenconcernsthatnewmachineswouldreplacehumanjobs.thisfearisbecomingarealityasrobotsandartificialintelligence(AI)areadvancingintovariousjobsectors.AccordingtoaMarch2023Goldmansacksreport,AIcoulddoaquarterofalltheworkcurrentlydonebyhumans.IntheEUandUSalone,300millionjobsmightbeatriskduetoautomation.AuthorMartinFordwarnsthatthisshiftcouldbesystematic,affectingmanypeopleinthemeantimewithpotentialwidespreadeconomicapplications.However,notallhopeislost.Thereremainareaswherehumanqualities,suchasemotionalintelligenceandcreativethinking,areindispensable.JobsinthreecategoriesarelikelytobemoresecureagainstAI:1.creativerole,especiallythoseinscience,medicine,law,andbusinessstrategy.Whilesomecreativefieldslikegraphicdesignmaybevulnerabletoad,othersthatinvolvecomingupwithnovelideaswillstillneedhumans.2.Positionsrequiringcomplicatedinterpersonalskills,includingnursing,consulting,andinvestigativejournalism.Thesejobsdemandadeepunderstandingofhumanrelationships,whichAIcannoteasilycopy.3.occupationsneedingmobility,proficiency,andproblem-solvingskillinunpredictableenvironments,suchastradejobs.Electricians,plumbers,andwelders(焊工)facesituationsthatconstantlychange,makingtheseroleschallengingforautomation.Fordemphasizedthatneitheradvancededucationnorhigh-incomepositionsguaranteesafetyfromad.White-collarworkers,whooftenwritereportsoranalyzedata,mayfindtheirjobsmorethreatenedbyAIthanlesseducatedworkersinphysicallydemandingroles,likecleaninghotelrooms,whicharehardertoautomate.Inconclusion,seekingemploymentindynamicenvironmentsthatinvolveunpredictabletaskscanhelpsafeguardagainstjoblosstoAI,atleastforForstudentspreparingfortheirfuturecareers,it’swiseto/considerfieldsthatemphasizecreativity,humaninteraction,andadaptabilityincomplexsettings.21．Whatcanwelearnfromthereportinparagraphs?A．AsignificantnumberofjobsmaybeaffectedbyAI.B．Automationwillcreatemorejobsthanitremoves.C．Theofadonemploymentwillbemild.D．onlylow-skilljobswillbereplacedbyartificialintelligence.22．WhichofthefollowingjobsisconsideredmoresecureagainstAIreplacement?A．Graphicdesign.B．Dataanalysis.C．Reportwriting.D．Investigativejournalism.23．WhatdoesMartinFordstressabouttheimpactofadonemployment?A．Itwillnotthehigh-payingjobs.B．Itcouldprimarilyreplaceuneducatedworkers.C．Itcouldposealessthreattothephysicallydemandingjobs.D．Itwillprobablynotinfluencewhite-collarjobs.24．Whatsuggestiondoesthepassageprovideforthestudentsregardingthefuturecareer?A．focusoncareersthatrequireroutineandpredictabletasks.B．seekemploymentonlywithindynamicandrapidlychangingindustries.C．consideroccupationsthathighlightinnovation,communicationandadaptability.D．avoidanyjobsthatcouldpotentiallybeaffectedbyautomation.【答案】21．A22．D23．C24．C【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了工業革命以來，人們對于新機器會取代人類工作的擔憂，并分析了在人工智能不斷進步的背景下，哪些工作領域可能受到影響，以及哪些領域的工作相對安全。21．推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“AccordingtoaMarch2023Goldmansacksreport,AIcoulddoaquarterofalltheworkcurrentlydonebyhumans.IntheEUandUSalone,300millionjobsmightbeatriskduetoautomation.(根據2023年3和美國，就可能有3億個工作崗位因自動化而面臨風險。)”可知，人工智能能承擔人類目前四分之一的工3億個工作崗位因自動化面臨風險，這表明大量工作可能會受到人工智能的影響。故選A。22．推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Positionsrequiringcomplicatedinterpersonalskills,includingnursing,/consulting,andinvestigativejournalism.Thesejobsdemandadeepunderstandingofhumanrelationships,whichAIcannoteasilycopy.(人際關系有深刻理解，這是人工智能難以輕易復制的。)”可知，調查性新聞工作需要復雜的人際交往技能，對人際關系有深刻理解，這是AI難以復制的，所以調查性新聞工作更能抵御AI替代。故選D。23．細節理解題。根據文章倒數第二段“White-collarworkers,whooftenwritereportsoranalyzedata,mayfindtheirjobsmorethreatenedbyAIthanlesseducatedworkersinphysicallydemandingroles,likecleaninghotelrooms,whicharehardertoautomate.(經常撰寫報告或分析數據的白領，可能會發現他們的工作比從事體力要)”可知，體力要求高的工作相比白領工作更不容易受到AI威脅。故選C。24“Forstudentspreparingfortheirfuturecareers,it’swisetoconsiderfieldsthatemphasizecreativity,humaninteraction,andadaptabilityincomplexsettings.(對于正在為未來職業做準備的學)”考慮強調創造力、人際交往以及在復雜環境中適應能力的職業。故選C。Passage（7）【2025屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市第九中學等校高三1月份適應性測試】Americansspe