高中英語(yǔ)北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)課文教材拓展之語(yǔ)法填空Unit1Relationships【Lesson1Teachers】MyTeacherIhaven’tseenMrJenkinssinceIleftschool,butIoftenthinkabouthim.Iwasn’tverygoodatmostschoolsubjectsbeforeI

metMrJenkins.IsupposeIwasabitlazy,

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(especial)

inmaths.

TheonlythingIcanrememberfromschoolmathsisthattheanglesofatriangleaddupto180degrees!ButwhenIwas15andwentintoMrJenkins’

class,Ireallybecameinterestedinasubjectforthefirsttime.BeforeMrJenkinstaughtme,sciencehadsimplybeenasubject

fullofstrangewordstome.Ihadnoideawhathydrogenwas,

andIdidn’treallywanttoknow,either!Ifounditallsoboringand

difficult.ButMrJenkinsmadeeverythinginteresting.Heused

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(explain)

thingswhichseemeddifficultwithlotsofpractical

examplesandinsimplelanguage.Oneday,hetookusoutside,

andwebuiltarocket!Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket,andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetit

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.

Itwasgreatfun.IknowthatIwasn’tawillingstudent,butIwasn’tslowto

learnnewthings.TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidenceinmyself.MrJenkinsmademefeelthatIhadmyownstrengths.

Iwasinterestedinthestudyofthestarsand

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(planet)

andheaskedmetogiveapresentationtotheclass.Thatwasreally

thefirsttimeIhadtriedtoexplainsciencetoanaudienceandnow

it’smyjob!OftenwhenI’mpreparingaprogramme,Ithink

about

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MrJenkinswouldhavedoneit.SometimesIthink,

ifonlyIcouldcallhimandaskforhisopinion!MyStudentI’vereadacoupleofGraham’sbooksandseenhimonTV.Ialwayssaytomywife,“Oh

look,Iusedtoteachhim!”

IrememberGrahamwasverydifficultbeforehecameinto

myclass.Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehaviour.OnceIcaughthimandhisfriendsseeingwhocouldjumpthefarthestofftheschoolstage!

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whenhegotinterested,hechanged.Thefirstdayhewalkedintomyclass,hewasdragginghisschoolbagbehind

himandlookingbored,butassoonasIsetup

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experimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworksusingacidandanonion,hegavemehisfullattention.Helovedscience!

Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellinsciencesubjects.However,IhavenotdoneaswellwithallmystudentsasIhavewithGraham.Ithinkit’simportanttounderstandthat

there’snosuchthingasagoodorabadstudent.Lookat

Graham!Everyoneisgoodatsomethingandit’simportant

tofindout

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thatisforeachstudent.Weteachers

shouldhavemoretimetomakefriendswithallour

studentsandreallyunderstandthem.Thenwecouldmake

surethatwewouldfindthepathtosuccess,bothatschool

andinlaterlife,forallofthem.IknewI

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(choose)

ajobwithalotofstressbutIlovewhatIdo.Thethingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhaveaccesstochildren’smindswhentheyareopenand

eagertolearn.IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturna

childlikeGrahamintosucha

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(success)

adult,thenI

knowwhatI’mdoingisworthwhile.AsJohnDewey,thefamouseducationalist,said,“Educationisnotpreparationforlife;educationislifeitself.”參考答案

1.especially

2.toexplain

3.off

4.planets

5.how6.But

7.an

8.what

9.hadchosen

10.successful【Lesson3SoClose,YetSoFar】Markneverstopssocialisingwithhis

friendsonline.Buthe’salsonever

feltmorealone.WhereamI?WhatamIdoing?Ifyou’reoneofmy500friendsonline,you’llalwaysbethefirsttoknow.Myphoneandlaptopareneveroutoftouchingdistance,soI’mconstantlypostingupdatesonsocialmedia—

whetherI’mhavingacoffee,onmywaytoschool,watchingTV

...

evenwhenI’mintheshower.AssoonasIopenmyeyesinthemorning,Icheckthroughallmysocialnetworkingapps,readmyemailsandanswertextmessages.Ido

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samethingalloveragainwhileI’mhavingbreakfast.Iliveinauniversitydormwithacoupleofgreatroommates.Ihaveaneverendingflowofmessagesandupdatesfromallthepeople

Iassociate

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online.Yetthetruthofthematteris:Ifeellonely.I’mbarelytheonlypersonwhofeelsthisway.Accordingtoresearch,

overtwothirdsofyoungpeoplefind

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easiertomakefriendsonlinethanitis“inreallife”.I’mwaybeyondashyorreservedperson,butI’mwiredupeveryday,likemostofmyfriends.Onthesurface,Ihaveanactivesociallife.IattendpartiesandplaysportsbutI’malwaysdistracted.Theysaythatphonesbringpeopleclosertogetherbutinreality,mymindisalwaysamillionmilesaway.IobsessoverexactlyhowmanyfollowersIhaveonmyaccount,butIcan’trememberthebirthdaysofsomeofmyoldestmates.Socialnetworkingdominatesmylifeinsomanyways.SometimesIset

deadlinesformyself:Iwillstartdoingmyhomeworkat8pm,andaimtofinishintwohours.At7.50pm,I’mstillscrollingthroughmy

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(friend)sillypostsandphotos.BeforeIknowit,it’s9.30pmandIstillhaven’tmovedaninchfromthesofa.Idownloadsongaftersong,videoaftervideo,butI’mnotreallypayingattention.The

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(stimulate)

isinchasing

afterthenextsongratherthantrulyenjoyingit.Myfriendstrytodragmeawayfrommyphone,butassoonasI’maloneagain,I’mdesperatetogetbacktotheonlineworldandtheintenseactivitythatitprovides.Iconstantlyfeeldepressed,

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(satisfy)

andalone.SinceIspendso

muchtimesocialisingonline,Ikeepdelayingthingsthatareimportant

inmyreallife:homework,tasks,connectingwithmyfriendsandfamily

membersinameaningfulway.It’sfunny

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myfriendsandIchatter

awayonlinesomuch,butweenduphavingnothingtosaywhenwemeet.Afewdaysago,Iwentoutforadinnergettogetherwithsomefriends.

Mybestfriendleftthetablefor30minutesbecausehehadtotakea

call.Somespentthedinnerbendingovertheirphones,

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(text)

friends

onlinebutignoringtheoneswhosatrightinfrontofthem.Andthe

extraordinarythingisnobodythoughtthiswasrude;it’sjusthowlifeisnowadays.Onafamilyholidaylastsummer,mysisterspentallhertimeplainingthatsheneededtochargeherphone.Whenitwas

charged,shejustspenthoursreadingaboutherfavouritepopstar;not

oncedidsheliftherheadtoenjoytheviewoutsideherwindow.WhatisreallyworryingisthatnooneIknow,includingmyself,couldgocoldturkey.Ican’tevenimaginegoingwithoutsocialnetworkingforaweek—

thinkofalltheimportant

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(appointment),invitationsandnewsupdatesyouwouldmiss!Alcoholicswhowanttoquitdrinkingcanavoidbooze,buthowdowegiveupourphones?Afterall,Ineeditformystudiesbecausemyteachersandclassmatesneedtocontactmeatanytime.(disconnected)thanever.參考答案

1.the

2.with

3.it

4.friends’

5.stimulation6.dissatisfied

7.that

8.texting

9.appointments

10.moredisconnectedUnit2Success【Lesson1MoneyVSSuccess】AngelaJohnsoninterviewsexmillionaireJasonHarleyForalotofpeople,beingamillionaireis

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symbolofsuccessandtheysetthisas

theirultimategoal.Theyspendhalfoftheirtimedreamingupwaysofgettingrich

andachievingthesuccesstheyexpect,andtherestoftheirtimethinkingaboutallthethingstheywilldooncetheybeerich.Butdoallmillionairesgetthesenseofsuccesstheywerelookingforaftertheyachievetheirgoals?Somecontinueto

worryaboutmoneywhentheybeemillionaires—theyworkedhardtobeewealthy,butthentheyneedtocontinuemakingmoneysotheydon’tlosethesenseofsuccesstheyhaveachieved.

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,therearepeoplewhohaveturnedtheirbacksontheirmillionsandfoundotherformsofsuccessintheirlives.JasonHarleyisone

example.Sixteenyearsago,Jasonwasacollege

professorwithahugesixbedroomhouseandafortuneoftwomilliondollars.Todayhelivesinasmalldormitoryroomwithonlysecondhandfurniture.TherearecertainlynosignsthatJason

isarichandsuccessfulman!Thereisasmallgardenoutsidewithafewfruittrees,

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Jasonenjoystakingcareof.Healsogrowssomevegetablesandafewflowers.Hegetshisclothesandalotofotherthingsfromcharityshops.ButJasonappreciatesthischange.Heispleasedtogiveupthelifestyleofarichman.Hewastiredof

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(regard)

aslivingasuccessfullife,asapersonwhohadeverythingwhilemanypeoplehadnothing.Hemadethe

choicetogiveallhismoneyaway.Andthis,hesaid,broughthim

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(happy)

andasenseofsuccessinlife.“Idon’tneedalotofmoney.Idon’twanttobuymorethings.Ihaveenough,”

saidJason.

“WhatIwantistolivesimplyandbehelpfultoothers.Afewyearsago,Iwasamillionaire,butIknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear,

andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.Somanypeoplecouldnevergotoschool.Theydidn’thavethechancetolearnandget

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inlife.ThisworriedmealotandIfeltvery

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(guilt)

beingarichmanwithoutdoinganything.”Thereforehegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.Wheneverhehadmorethan

twothousanddollars,hewouldgiveawaysmallbanknotestohomelesspeopleinthestreetsoflocalareas.“ItwasakindofsatisfactionandarealsenseofsuccessthatIhadneverfeltbefore,”saidJason.

“Sure,manypeoplethinkthat‘success’

meanshavingmillionsinthebank

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awellpaidjob.ButIthinkmysenseof

achievementesfromhelpingothersandfindingtruemeaninginlife.”Mostpeoplebelievewhentheyareliving

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(fortable)

andearningenough

money,theywillhavenoworries.However,mostpeopleneverfeeltheyhaveearnedenough.JasonHarleydecidedtodropoutofthiskindoflifestyle,andhe

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(discover)

thathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree.Arethereany

thingshemissesfromhispast?

“No,I’mmuchhappiernow,becauseIamliving

accordingtomyvalues.Successisnotmeasuredbyhowmuchmoneyyou

havebutbyhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.”參考答案

1.a

2.However

3.which

4.beingregarded

5.happiness6.on

7.guilty

8.or

9.fortably

10.discovered【Lesson3GettingToTheTop】WhydoOlympicathletespushthemselvestothelimits?AsoneoftheOlympicathletes,Imissbirthdayparties,ruinfamilyholidaysandskipnightsout,butthereisaverygoodreasonforgivingupsomuch.“We’reworriedaboutyou,”

saidmyfriendfromacrossthetable.HewasworriedthatIhadnolongerbeefuntotrainwith

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thatIwasindangerofbeingleftwithonlyaworldchampionshipmedalandnoonetoshareitwith.Icouldhavebeeangryor

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(defense).Don’ttheyknowhowharditistobeatthetopinsport?Don’ttheyknowwhatittakestogetthere?However,deepdownIknewelementsofwhathewassayingwereright.Iwasalwaystiredandeveryworkouthadamentalintensitythatseemedtoomuchformosttohandle.Iwaspushingthelimitsand

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(extreme)beyondwhatmostthoughtwerehealthy.ThesearethefearsIfaceasaprofessionalathleteonadaytodaybasis.WhoamIdoingthisfor?Howmuchistoomuch?WhyamIdoingthis?HowcanIbesoselfish?Whatarethesacrificesfor?IthinkofcountlessbirthdaypartiesandnightsoutIhavemissed,

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(ruin)afamilyholidayinFrancebecauseoftheendlesssearchforaswimmingpooltotrainin,almostmissingmybrother’sweddingbecauseIwastoobusyhiringacarindowntownJohannesburganddrivingthroughthe“nogo”

areasinordertodo

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groupridewiththelocaltriathletes.Thelistisendless.Itboilsdowntothis:Iwasbornwithanenormousamountofdriveand

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(determine).Fromasmallgirl,Iwouldstayinatlunchtimejusttogetaheadonclassworkratherthangooutandplay;Iwouldgetthebusonmyownattenyearsoldandgotoswim100lengthsofthepoolwhileotherkidsplayedpoolgames;Iwastheonlygirlinarugbyclubof250boys.Ihavealwayslivedmylifetoextremes.Callitunhealthyifyouwant,butthatisthewayIroll,nomatterwhatitisI’mapplyingmyself

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.Beingaprofessionalathleteisnodifferent.IfyouwanttobeanOlympicchampion,it’sallaboutthatlittleextrathingyouhavedoneinyourpreparationthatwillsetyouapartfromyour

8

(petitor).Canthisbeoverdone?Absolutely.Butifyourdreamistobethebestandreachthewinner’splatform,youhadbetterbe

9

(total)mittedtoyoursport.InthewordsoftheBritishtriathleteAlistairBrownlee,evenifitmeansgettinginjured,“I’dprefertohavethreeorfouroutstandingyearsofwinningstuffratherthanhavingtenyearsofbeingaverage.”Doing

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wedoasathletessetsusapartbecausewearewillingtodothatextralittlebitthatmighttakeustothetop.Itiscertainlynotabalancedwaytoliveanditiscertainlynotnormalbutthosewordsaregenerallynotusedforanyonewhoisstrivingforgreatness.參考答案

1.and

2.defensive

3.extremes

4.ruining

5.a6.determination

7.to

8.petitors

9.totally

10.whatUnit3Conservation

【Lesson1TheSixthExtinction】Extinctions,whereentirespeciesarewiped

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,arenotunusualinourEarth’s

history.Infact,over90percentofallspeciesthateverlivedarenowextinct.

Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimeswhenlifeonEarthhas

almostended.Theseincludethethirdmassextinction,knownasthe“Great

Dying”,which

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(kill)

90%to96%ofallspecies.Andthefifthevent,which

occurred66millionyearsago,causedthedeathofthedinosaurs.Thereasons

forextinctionsarevaried.Accordingtoscientists,theyincludevolcanic

eruptions,asteroidshittingtheEarthfromspace,changesinsealevels,

thedecreaseoftheoxygencontentoftheseaandglobalwarming.Many

scientistssaywearenowenteringtheEarth’ssixthmassextinction.Thistime,

humanactivitywillbe

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(blame).Althoughitisnotunusualforspeciestodieoutnaturally,therateatwhichthisisnowhappeningiscauseforconcern.A2015studybyscientistswhowerebasedatBrownUniversityandDukeUniversityintheUS,lookedat

howquicklyspeciesdieoutduetonaturalcauses,thatis,the“backgroundextinctionrate”.Theyfoundthathumanactivityiscausingspeciestodieout1,000timesfasterthannormal.Thereisalonglistofreasons

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somanyspeciesaredyingout:airandwaterpollution,forests

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(destroy),factoryfarmingandoverfishing.Itisclearthathumanactivityhas

6

(negative)affectedallotherspeciesonEarth,includinganimalsandplants.Ifasixthmassextinctionoccurs,scientistswhohavestudiedtheissuebelievethatuptothreequartersofallspeciesonEarthcoulddieout.Ofcourse,aswehumansdependonsomanyspeciesforour

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(survive),wewouldalsobeatriskofdyingout.Ourworldandourlivesdependonthebalanceinnaturebetweenanimalsandplants.Withoutforests,wewouldhavenoairtobreathe,andwithoutcleanwaterwewouldbe

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(able)tosurvive.Canasixthextinctionbeavoided?

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(expert)saythatitisnotyettoolate,ifwetakeactionnow.Thiswouldmeanwehavetosignificantlychangethewaywelive.Forexample,weneedtotakestepstosave

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(endanger)species,includingsettingupspecialareaswhereplantsandanimalscanbeprotected.Weneedtochangehowweworkandtravelbyusingcleaner,morenaturalsourcesofenergy,suchaswindandsolarenergy.Wealsoneedtoimproveourfarmingmethodstoreducewater,airandlandpollution.Inshort,ifwewanttosurvive,weneedtostopdestroyingtheplanetthatweliveonandstarttoprotectit.參考答案

1.out

2.killed

3.toblame

4.why

5.beingdestroyed6.negatively

7.survival

8.unable

9.Experts

10.endangered【Lesson3TheRoadtoDestruction】Part1“Thismorning,ittookme40minutestogodowntown.MoreroadworksontheA10!”“Ohreally?Ittookmeoveranhour.TherewasanaccidentontheM11.”Howoftenhaveyouheardthese

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(conversation)?Howoftendowegetstuckintrafficjams?Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool,stressedout,

2

(tire)andangry?Formanypeople,theansweriseveryday.Butpersonalangerandstressarenothingparedtotherealcostssocially.HerearesomefiguresaboutBritain:Inthelast20years,thenumberofcarsontheroadshasgoneupby25%.Therearenow32millioncars.Overthelastdecade,

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averageof2,500peoplehavediedeveryyearin

vehicleaccidents.Trafficisoneofthemajorcausesofglobalwarmingandclimatechange,as

carenginesproducevarioustypesofgreenhousegases.Almost30,000deathsperyear

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(cause)

byairpollution.Sometypesofcancerarerelated

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trafficpollution.

Unit

3

Lesson

3

The

Road

to

Destruction

Part

2

課文完整錄音,AISEnglish,2分鐘Part2Weknowthatcarsarebadforus.Butweallmakeexcuses:

“Thebusesareterrible”;

“The