2024年廣東省梅州市興寧一中高考英語質檢試卷

一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。

A

Ifyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation,science,orculture,thenaninternship（實習）at

UNESCOwillbeidealforyou.

Whocanapply?

Youhavecompletedyourfull-timeuniversitystudies；oryouarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster's

degree.

Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnicalinstitution.

Whataretherequirements?

Youmustbeatleast20yearsold.

Youshouldhaveagoodcommand（掌握）ofeitherEnglishorFrench.

Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-relatedsoftware.

Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment.

Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.

Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?

Visa：Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas.

Travel：Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyourinternship.

Medicalinsurance：Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid（有效的）inthetarget

countryfortheentireperiodoftheintemship.UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30,

000fortheinternshipperiod.

Medicalcertificate：Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork.

Motivationletter：Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplicationform.Your

applicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.Wedonotrespond

toeverycandidate.Ifselected,youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsix

months,itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.

1.Accordingtothispassage,applicantsarerequiredto.

A.holdamaster'sdegreeinscience

B.haveinternationalworkexperience

C.befluentineitherEnglishorFrench

D.presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution

2.WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?

A.Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage.

B.Trainingincommunicationskills.

C.Amedicalcertificateforwork.

D.Financialsupportfortravel.

3.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform?

A.ContactUNESCOmanagers.B.Getaccesstothedatabase.

C.Keepamotivationletterathand.D.Workinateamforsixmonths.

B

Myfriendneverdidwellinschoolbutalwayshadasharpeyeforbeauty.OnedayIwasbusyarrangingsome

flowersinavasebutjustcouldn'tgetthemtolookright.Shecamealong,andwithafewskillfulwavesofher

hand,transformedthemintoastunningbouquet.Whenpraisedforhavingthisamazingability,sheshruggedoff

thecompliment.Shesimplydidn'tviewhercreativityasanythingspecial.

Toooftenweunderestimateourowntalentsinthisway.Maybeit'sbecausewe'vebecomeusedtobelievingthat

onlyabilitieslikeahighI.Q.,agiftformathematicsoralargevocabularyhavecognitive（認知的）value.Iwas

fortunatetolearnotherwiseatayoungage.

WhenIenteredhighschool,aguidancecounselortoldmymotherIwasn*tcollegematerialbecauseIhad

performedmiserablyonthespellingsectionofastandardizedtest.Thankfullymymotherrecognizedmyother

intellectual（智力的）giftsandstoodupforme,insistingIbeputintothecollege-trackcurriculum.This

experienceliterallydefinedthecourseofmylife.ltshowedmehowimportantitisnottoacceptalabelsomeone

elseputonmeanditallowedmetorealizemyfullpotential.

Intheearly1980,s,HowardGardner,aprominentHarvardresearcher,pioneeredaconceptof"multiple

intelligences".Inhisbook,FramesofMind：TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,hesuggestedthatintelligence

isnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcognitiveabilities.

WhatIloveaboutthemultipleintelligencestheoryisthatitallowsyoutoreframeyourownabilitiesandtalents,

especiallythosethatdon'tnecessarilyfitintoneatacademicboxes.Whileit'strueonemustmeetabasiclevelof

intelligenceforachievement,theanalyticalskillsmeasuredbyI.Q.donottellthewholestory.Thisiswhywe

shouldcelebrateallofourtalentsandabilities.They*repartofwhatmakesyourindividualbrainsowonderfuland

unique.

4.Whoseabilityisprobablyunderestimatedaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Achildwhohasalargevocabulary.

B.AchildwhoisgoodatbuildingLegoblocks.

C.Achildwhohasaneasytimelearninghowtomultiply.

D.Achildwhoquicklyfitsintoacademiclearningprocess.

5.Whatdoes"otherwise"underlinedinparagraph2referto?

A.Itsuitedmewelltotakecollege-trackcourses.

B.Intelligencecanbeinterpretedbyvariousabilities.

C.Spellingabilityinastandardizedtestisofgreatvalue.

D.AhighI.Q.makesnosenseinrealizingmyfullpotential.

6.WhydidtheauthormentionHowardGardner'sbook?

A.Tointroduceanewtopic.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Torecommendthebook.D.Tosupporthisopinion.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ChangeYourCognitiveValue

B.DevelopYourAcademicAbility

C.AppreciateYourMultipleIntelligences

D.ExploretheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences

c

WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedTheMountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohis

subjects一aUgandangroupcalledtheIk一as"thelovelesspeople."Aftertwoyearsofobservations,hedecided

thattheyreflectedhumanity'sbasicinstincts：cheat,thievery,andpitilessness.ButwhenAthenaAktipisandher

colleaguesfromtheHumanGenerosityProjecttookadeeperlook,theyidentifiedacommunitythatshared

everything.''TurnbullhadvisitedUgandaduringadisastrousfamine（饑荒）.Allhesawiswhathappenswhen

peoplearestarving."saysAktipis.Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplacedahigh

valueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.

Aktipisbelievesthataltruismismorecommonandbeneficialthanevolutionarysocialsciencehaslongthought.HIt

wasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelpthemselvesortheirrelatives.'1shesays.Bystudying

theunique,selflesspracticesthathelpedninecommunitiesacrosstheworldtocontinuetoexist,theexpertsfrom

theProjectarelookingtoshowthatweareindeedcapableofwidespreadcooperation.

TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheprojectsmainpoints.Theyrelyontwo-wayfriendshipsfor

resourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey'reinneed,withoutexpectinganyrepayment.Also,aworldaway,in

NewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportinreturn,theywillassistwithout

repaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofalovedone.

Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudyingthesegroupscanapplybroadlytoany

interdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthatsupporteveryone.Takemarket-based

insuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample：It'spricedbasedonindividualriskfactorssuchashealthhistories

andwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan'taffordit.Butinasystembuiltonneighboring,

pooled（合并）costswouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplikenaturaldisastersandpandemics.

8.WhatdidTurnbullthinkoftheIkpeople?

A.Heartless.B.Helpful.C.Restless.D.Generous.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"altruism"inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.

B.Makingfulluseofthesurroundingresources.

C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.

D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.

10.Whatdoesparagraph3intendtoconvey?

A.Friendshipsguaranteeawell-beinglife.

B.Folksassisteachothertogetsupport.

C.Cooperationisagoodandnaturalinstinct.

D.Peopletendtoprovideresourcesforfree.

11.HowdoesAktipisintendtoapplyherfindings?

A.Bydesigningapolicyforpublichealth.

B.Bymonitoringindividualhealthhistories.

C.Bycreatingasystemagainstcollectivehardship.

D.Byloweringinsurancepricesforindividualvictims.

D

Ourspecies*incrediblecapacitytoquicklyacquirewordsfrom300byage2toover1,000byage4isn'tfully

understood.Somecognitivescientistsandlinguistshavetheorizedthatpeoplearebomwithbuilt-inexpectations

andlogicalconstraints（約束）thatmakethispossible.Now,however,machine-learningresearchisshowing

thatpreprogrammedassumptionsaren*tnecessarytoswiftlypickupwordmeaningsfromminimaldata.

Ateamofscientistshassuccessfullytrainedabasicartificialintelligencemodeltomatchimagestowordsusing

just61hoursofnaturalisticfootage（鏡頭）andsound一previouslycollectedfromachildnamedSamin2013

and2014.Althoughit'sasmallsliceofachild'slife,itwasapparentlyenoughtoprompttheAItofigureoutwhat

certainwordsmean.

Thefindingssuggestthatlanguageacquisitioncouldbesimplerthanpreviouslythought.MaybechildrenHdon'tneed

acustom-built,high-classlanguage-specificmechanismntoefficientlygraspwordmeanings,saysJessica

Sullivan,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatSkidmoreCollege."Thisisareallybeautifulstudy,"shesays,

becauseitoffersevidencethatsimpleinformationfromachild'sworldviewisrichenoughtokick-startpattern

recognitionandwordcomprehension.

Thenewstudyalsodemonstratesthatit'spossibleformachinestolearnsimilarlytothewaythathumansdo.Large

languagemodelsaretrainedonenormousamountsofdatathatcanincludebillionsandsometimestrillionsofword

combinations.Humansgetbyonordersofmagnitudelessinformation,saysthepapefsleadauthorWaiKeen

Vong.Withtherighttypeofdata,thatgapbetweenmachineandhumanlearningcouldnarrowdramatically.

Yetadditionalstudyisnecessaryincertainaspectsofthenewresearch.Forone,thescientistsacknowledgethat

theirfindingsdon'tprovehowchildrenacquirewords.Moreover,thestudyonlyfocusedonrecognizingthewords

forphysicalobjects.

Still,it'sasteptowardadeeperunderstandingofourownmind,whichcanultimatelyhelpusimprovehuman

education,saysEvaPortelance,acomputationallinguisticsresearcher.ShenotesthatAIresearchcanalsobring

claritytolong-unansweredquestionsaboutourselves."Wecanusethesemodelsinagoodway,tobenefitscience

andsociety,"Portelanceadds.

12.Whatisasignificantfindingofmachine-learningresearch?

A.Vocabularyincreasesgraduallywithage.

B.Vocabularycanbeacquiredfromminimaldata.

C.Languageacquisitionistiedtobuilt-inexpectations.

D.Languageacquisitionisascomplexasformerlyassumed.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prompt"inparagraph2mean?

A.Facilitate.B.Persuade.C.Advise.D.Expect.

14.Whatisdiscussedaboutthenewresearchinparagraph5?

A.Itslimitations.B.Itsstrengths.

C.Itsuniqueness.D.Itsprocess.

15.WhatisEvaPortelance'sattitudetotheAIresearch?

A.Doubtful.B.Cautious.C.Dismissive.D.Positive.

二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。

AfterbuildingsomeMstandarducargobikes,(1),thistimewithsomethingveryspecial.Iwantedto

buildanidealcargobikecombiningthestabilityofathree-wheelerwiththepossibilitytochangedirectionslike

beingontwowheels.

Thefirststepwastodoextensiveresearch(2).Anincrediblesourceoftechnicalinspirationwasthe

onlineTiltingGroup.Althoughprimarily-concernedwithtilting(傾斜)conceptsofenginedriven

constructions,thegroupissurelythebestplacetofindinformationaboutconstructingatilter.

Afterresearchingandoutliningafewideas,Igrabbedsomepartsandstartedwithaverysimpleprototype(雛

形).Buildingsuchavehicleneedsahighdegreeofaccuracy,whichwasnotthecasewithmyprototype(3)

.SoImadeafewmoresketches(草圖),whichledtoanimprovedversionofthedrivingandtilting

mechanism.

ThenIstartedbuildingthetricycle.Buildingthestructurewasquitestraightforward.AsusualItookanoldbike

apartforthebacktriangleandthenaddedthefrontpart.Afteraddingacargobaskettothestructure,(4)

Nowcamethehardpart：thedrivingmechanism.Istartedwiththeusualdesignusedfortwo-wheelcargobikes,

butittookmequitesometimetofigureouthowtopassthedrivingforcetobothwheelswithoutallowingthe

wholethingtolockitselfinanyangle(5),butI'msureIcanusetheknowledgeIgainedonewayor

another.

A.Theprojectwasdemanding

B.Idecidedtogetmyhandsdirtyagain

C.Ifellinlovewiththree-wheelerbikes

D.Iputallthepartstogetherforthefirsttime

E.Ittookmequitesometimetounderstandtheideasbehindit

F.Theenginedrivenconstructionswerealwaysthemostdifficulttofix

D.Theconsequencewasthatthedrivingmechanismlockeditselfoccasionally

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。

Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekind

ofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful(1)withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.A

youngChineseman(2)meonthetrain.My(3)friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soI

happilytookthe(4)topracticemyChinese.

Overseveralhourshewouldtellmeabouthowhehad(5)atwoyearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfind

ajob(6)highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsmost(7).however,wasthe

factthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeyehewould(8)

atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican(9)asa

whole.nAndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?nI(10)himaskingatonepoint.

Itwouldhavebeeneasyto(11)myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmore

thanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,(12),andadmirableperson

preventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he(13)mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom

(14)withanopenmind,andawillingnessto(15)withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.

21.A.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment

22.A.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached

23.A.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost

24.A.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right

25.A.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded

26.A.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding

27.A.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable

28.A.publishB.quoteC.copyD.download

29.A.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students

30.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch

31.A.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith

32.A.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated

33.A.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised

34.A.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching

35.A.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage

四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。

36.TheYinxuMuseumopensinAnyang,Henanprovince,todisplaythebrillianceofthe3,000-year-old

Shangcivilization.

Nearly4,000unearthedculturalrelicsaredisplayedinthemuseum.Morethanthreequartersofthesehavenever

been(1)(public)exhibitedbefore.The23vehiclesunearthedfromYinxuarethe(2)

(highlight)inthenewgalleries.Alsoondisplay(3)(be)Shangrelicscollectedfromacrossthe

restofpresent-dayChina.

TheYinxuRuins,(4)(list)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2006,hostedalaterperiod

Shangcapitalcity.Thesitealsoproducedrichfindingsof3,300-year-oldbones,(5)(reveal)the

oldest-knownestablishedwritingsystemofChinesecharacters,(6)areextraordinaryandserveasa

vitallinkinthedevelopmentoftheChinesenation.

Manykeybreakthroughs(7)(make)inrecentyearsattheYinxusiteanditssurroundingareas.For

example,(8)urbanroadsystemandtheremainsofanartificiallakeintheroyaltempleareawere

found.

Thesediscoveriesfurtherdisplayedagrandpictureofacapitalcity(9)carriedforwardtheprojectof

trackingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilization.Throughtheexhibits,thepubliccancomprehensivelyunderstand

theachievementsmadebytheShangDynastyinterms(10)politics,economy,agriculture,military

affairs,amongothers.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

五、書面表達：本大題共2小題，共40分。

37.又到鳳凰花開時，又是一年畢業季。你校英文報正在舉行以“校園最美瞬間”為主題的征文活動，請你按

照以下要點寫一篇短文投稿：

(1)你的回憶；

(2)你的感受。

注意：

(1)寫作詞數應為80左右；

(2)請按如下格式作答。

TheMostBeautifulMomentonCampus

38.EveryOctober,myneighborhoodhasaHalloweencostumecontest.AndeveryOctober,myneighborOllie

andIracetotheannouncementboardintheparktofindoutthetheme.Oneyear,thethemewas"Dressupasyour

favoritebookcharacter."Anotheryear,itwas"Besomethingscary."Butthisyear,thethemewaskindof,

well,themeless.

"Becreative?”Isaid,readingtheannouncementboard."That'snotreallyatheme,isit?”

Olliehoppedoffhisskateboardstogetacloserlook."You'reright,“heagreed.nIthinkmyfavoritethemeever

was'Superheroes'.IlovedmySuper-ForceFlyingEaglescostumesomuch,Ikeptthatthinghanginginmycloset

foryears!"

“Myfavoritethemewas'FarmAnimals'.nIgiggled."RememberhowyouinsistedonbeingaStegosaurus(劍J

龍)？”

"WhenIwasfive,dinosaursweremyworld."Ollielaughed."IwouldhavelovedtoseeaStegosaurusoutgrazing

withthecows."

nNowthat*sthecreativespiritweneedforthischallenge!"Isaid."Maybe,sincewedon'tknowexactlywhatwe

wanttobeyet,weshouldstartbychoosingsomecoolcostume-makingmaterials."

"I'vegotit!"Olliesaid,scoopingupabunchoffallenleaves.

"Really?”Isaid."You'regoingtomakeanentirecostumeoutofleaves?"

nWhynot?"hesaid,scoopingupsomemore.

"They'retotallyfree,andIcanguarantee,noonewillbeatreeasgreatasme."

nDon'tyoumean,atreeasgreataswe?"Igrinned.

"Um,first,thatgrammardoesn'tsoundright,"saidOllie."Andsecond,noway!Thinkofyourowncreative

ideas."

"Aw,comeon,"Isaid."YoushouldbeflatteredthatIlikeyourideasomuch.Plus,Ijustthoughtoftheperfect

waytomakebranches."

Finally,OlliesaidOK.

注意：

(1)續寫詞數應為150左右；

(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Paragraph1：

Weendedupfillingtwojumbobagswithdifferentkindsofleaves.

Paragraph2：

Thenthebigmomentcame.___

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、C

【解析】（1）C.細節理解題。根據Whataretherequirements?部分的Youshouldhaveagoodcommand

（掌握）ofeitherEnglishorFrench（你應該精通英語或法語）可知，申請者必須精通英語或法語。故選

Co

（2）A.細節理解題。根據Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?部分的UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurance

coverageuptoUSD30,000fortheinternshipperiod（聯合國教科文組織將為實習期間提供不超過3萬美元

的有限保險）可知，教科文組織為實習期間提供有限的醫療保險。故選A。

（3）C.細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingoutthe

applicationform（在填寫申請表之前，你應該準備好你的動機信）可知，在填寫申請表之前，申請人應將

動機信放在手邊。故選C。

本文是一篇應用文，主要講的是聯合國教科文組織的實習項目。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關語句進行仔

細分析，結合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關鍵句子的基礎上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據。

4~7.【答案】B、B、B、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第二段

Maybeit'sbecausewe'vebecomeusedtobelievingthatonlyabilitieslikeahighI.Q.,

agiftformathematicsoralargevocabularyhavecognitive（認知的）value.（也許這是因為我們已經習慣于

相信，只有高智商、數學天賦或大詞匯量等能力才具有認知價值。）和第一段的

"hesimplydidn'tviewhercreativityasanythingspecial.（她只是不認為自己的創造力有什么特另ll的。）可

知，一個擅長搭樂高積木的孩子并不是我們習慣上認知的在學習方面很有才能的孩子，他有著自己獨特的

創造力，他的能力很可能被人們低估了。故選B。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據第三段

Itshowedmehowimportantitisnottoacceptalabelsomeoneelseputonmeanditallowedmetorealizemyfull

potential.（它告訴我，不接受別人給我的標簽是多么重要，它讓我意識到我的全部潛力。）和第四段

Inhisbook,FramesofMind：TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,

hesuggestedthatintelligenceisnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcogni

tiveabilities.（在他的《思維框架：多元智能理論》一書中，他提出，智能不局限于傳統的解釋，而是包括

廣泛的認知能力。）并結合劃線詞所在句Iwasfortunatetolearnotherwiseatayoungage.（幸運的是，我在

很小的時候就學會了otherwise。）可知，作者很小就懂得了智力不是只局限于傳統的學習方面的能力，而

是可以用各種能力來詮釋的。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據第四段Intheearly1980's,HowardGardner,aprominentHarvardresearcher,

pioneeredaconceptof"multipleintelligences".（20世紀80年代初，哈佛大學著名研究員HowardGardner率

先提出了"多元智能"的概念。）及在書中闡述的Inhisbook,FramesofMind：

TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,

hesuggestedthatintelligenceisnotlimitedtoatraditionalinterpretationbutinsteadincludesawiderangeofcogni

tiveabilities.（在他的《思維框架：多元智能理論》一書中，他提出，智能不局限于傳統的解釋，而是包括

廣泛的認知能力。）可知，作者提到HowardGardener的書是為了闡明“多元智能”的概念。

A.Tointroduceanewtopic.弓［入一個新的話題；B.Toclarifyaconcept.澄清一個概念；

C.Torecommendthebook.推薦這本書；D.Tosupporthisopinion.來支持他的觀點。故選B。

（4）標題歸納題。根據最后一段

WhatIloveaboutthemultipleintelligencestheoryisthatitallowsyoutoreframeyourownabilitiesandtalents,

especiallythosethatdon'tnecessarilyfitintoneatacademicboxes.（我喜歡多元智能理論的原因是，它可以讓

你重新構建自己的能力和天賦，尤其是那些不一定符合整齊的學術框架的能力和天賦。）及

Thisiswhyweshouldcelebrateallofourtalentsandabilities.They'repartofwhatmakesyourindividualbrainso

wonderfulandunique.（這就是為什么我們應該贊美我們所有的天賦和能力，它們是讓你的大腦如此美妙和

獨特的原因之一。）以及全文內容可知，本文主要表達了我們應該欣賞和贊美所擁有的各種天賦和能力的

觀點，C.AppreciateYourMultipleIntelligences"欣賞你的多元智能"符合文意。故選C。

本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過自己的親身經歷，表達了自己的觀點：雖然一個人智力水平和學術成績很重

要，但這并不能說明一切，我們應該欣賞和贊美我們所擁有的各種天賦和能力，它們是讓我們的大腦如此

美妙和獨特的原因之一。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限

的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、

觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感

情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題

干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了

閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節

的暗示，推敲作者的態度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不

能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認

識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會“順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文

等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】A、D、C、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第一段中WhenAmericananthropologistColinTurnbullpublishedThe

MountainPeoplein1972,hereferredtohissubjects一aUgandangroupcalledtheIk一as"thelovelesspeople."

（當美國人類學家ColinTurnbull在1972年出版TheMountainPeople時，他把他的研究對象——一個叫做

Ik的烏干達群體一一稱為“無愛的人”）可知，Turnbull認為Ik人很無情，故選A。

（2）詞義猜測題。根據第一段末句Butherteamrevealedthatdespitelivingunderpressure,theIkplaceda

highvalueonhelpingoneanotherwhentheycould.（但她的團隊透露，盡管生活在壓力之下，但Ik人非常重

視在可能的情況下互相幫助）及劃線詞下文Itwasassumedthatpeoplearedesignedtoonlydothingstohelp

themselvesortheirrelatives.（人們被認為只會做有利于自己或親人的事情）可知劃線詞所在句意為"Aktipis

認為，利他主義比進化社會科學長期以來認為的更為普遍和有益”，altruism意為”關心他人的需求和幸福

"oA.Tryingtobestrongandtoughtosurvive.努力變得堅強和堅韌來生存；B.Makingfulluseofthe

surroundingresources.充分利用周邊資源；C.Beingdevotedtothemselvesortheirrelatives.對他們自己或他們

的親屬忠誠；D.Caringabouttheneedsandhappinessofothers.關心他人的需求和幸福。故選D。

（3）段落大意題。根據第三段TheMaasaipeopleinKenyaprovideoneoftheproject'smainpoints.Theyrely

ontwo-wayfriendshipsforresourceslikefoodorwaterwhenthey'reinneed,withoutexpectingany

repayment.Also,aworldaway,inNewMexico,whilefolksoftenhelptransportcattleandreceivesupportin

return,theywillassistwithoutrepaymentifsomeonefacesdifficulties,suchasaninjuryorthedeathofaloved

one.（肯尼亞的馬賽人提供了該項目的主要觀點之一。當他們需要食物或水等資源時，他們依靠雙向友

誼，而不期望任何回報。另外，在另一個世界的新墨西哥州，雖然人們經常幫助運輸牲畜并獲得支持作為

回報，但如果有人遇到困難，比如親人受傷或死亡，他們會無償提供幫助）可知，本段旨在通過兩個例子

表明，合作是一種良好而自然的本能，故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Aktipisbelievestheoreticalframeworksshe'sperfectedthroughstudying

thesegroupscanapplybroadlytoanyinterdependentsystems.Herbiggoalistodesignsocial-servicesystemsthat

supporteveryone.Takemarket-basedinsuranceintheUnitedStatesasanexample：It*spricedbasedonindividual

riskfactorssuchashealthhistoriesandwherepeoplelive,whichmeansmillionsofAmericanscan*taffordit.But

inasystembuiltonneighboring,pooled（合并）costswouldleveltheburdenduringcollectivehardshiplike

naturaldisastersandpandemics.（Aktipis認為，她通過研究這些群體而完善的理論框架可以廣泛應用于任何

相互依賴的系統。她的大目標是設計支持所有人的社會服務系統。以美國基于市場的保險為例：它的定價

基于個人風險因素，如健康史和人們居住的地方，這意味著數百萬美國人負擔不起。但在一個建立在相鄰

基礎上的系統中，在自然災害和流行病等集體困難時期，集中成本將會拉平負擔。）可知，Aktipis打算通

過建立一個對抗集體困難的制度來應用她的發現，故選C。

這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述AthenaAktipis通過研究一個烏干達群體Ik人發現，他們非常重視互相幫

助，Aktipis認為利他主義比進化社會科學長期以來認為的更為普遍和有益，可以通過合作建立一個對抗集

體困難的制度。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的

時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、觀

點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情

基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干

以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱

讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節的

暗示，推敲作者的態度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能

就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不