ChapterOne：

StandardWrittenEnglishPunctuationAbuse標點錯誤ConfusionofWords用詞混淆ProblemsofCollocation搭配錯誤OmissionofWords漏詞Wordiness累贅Disagreement不一致Non-Parallelism不平衡MisplacedParts錯位DanglingModifiers垂懸Ambituiy模糊1DanglingModifiers垂懸中國人可以這樣說：“打了一小時籃球，胳膊都酸了。”英文卻不能說：Havingplayedbasketballforanhour,myarmsbegantoache.這樣給人的感覺好像打籃球的行為者只是你的胳膊，而不是你這個人。這種錯誤叫做danglingmodifier,分詞短語找不到行為者，只好“晃來晃去”（dangling）.2DanglingModifiers垂懸：練習題指出有垂懸錯誤的句子判斷哪些分詞不是垂懸錯誤批改文章3DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Afterwehadshoulderedourknapsacks,thehikebegan.Shoulderingourknapsacks,thehikebegan.Shoulderingourknapsacks,webeganthehike.4DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Ifoneistohikewell,enduranceisneeded.Tohikewell,oneneedsendurance.Tohikewell,enduranceisneeded.6DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Whenonlyababy,shewastaughttoswimbyherfather.Whenshewasonlyababy,herfathertaughthertoswim.Attheageofsixmonths,thefathertaughthertoswim.7DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Goingthroughtheredlight,thetrafficpoliceondutystoppedhim.Goingthroughtheredlight,hewasstoppedbythetrafficpoliceonduty.Thetrafficpoliceondutystoppedhimashewentthroughtheredlight.8DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Afterthreehoursofpractice,adrinkwaswhatthethirstydancerswanted.Havingpracticedforthreehours,thethirstydancerswantedadrink.Adrinkwaswhatthethirstydancerswantedaftertheyhadpracticedforthreehours.9DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：WhilevisitingtheJunglePark,Isawababoonscrambledontothehoodofmycar.WhilevisitingtheJunglePark,ababoonscrambledontothehoodofmycar.WhileIwasvisitingtheJunglePark,ababoonscrambledontothehoodofmycar.10DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Onceoutofthepracticeroom,thepipingmusicnolongergavehimaheadache.Stayinginthepracticeroom,hehadaheadachebecauseofthepipingmusic.Onehegooutofthepracticeroom,thepipingmusicnolongergavehimaheadache.11DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Afterfourweeksatsea,Ibecamehomesickaswellasseasick.Afterfourweeksatsea,mywifewashappytoseemyback.Afterfourweeksatsea,Iwasaffectionatelyreceivedbymywife.12DanglingModifiers垂懸下面每一組里都有三句話，其中一句話有垂懸錯誤，請你把這些病句指出來：Thecarpaidforwithmylastdollar,Iwasatleastoutofdebt.Paidforwithmydollar,thecarbecamemyfirstpieceofpersonproperty.Paidforwithmylastdollar,Idrovethecarawayelated.13DanglingModifiers垂懸從以上練習可以看出，垂懸錯誤主要發生在做狀語的分詞短語上。但是，英語有一些分詞可以用作介詞或構成固定短語，那么這些分詞組成的狀語不能視為垂懸錯誤。請你找一下下面哪些句子中的分詞不是垂懸錯誤，哪些句子有垂懸錯誤，并加以糾正：提示：正確的句子我不再做任何標記，錯誤的句子會有字體上的變化，并加以改正。14DanglingModifiers垂懸Judgingfromwhatyousay,heoughttosucceed.Judgingbyhisaccent,hemustbeasoutherner.Examiningtheshoppingreceipts,itbecameobviousthatIwasoverchargedatthestore.Revised:AfterIexaminedtheshoppingreceipts,itbecameobviousthatIwasoverchargedatthestore.15DanglingModifiers垂懸Regardingtheproject,peopleputforwardalotofsuggestions.Findingnobodywaitingatthestop,thebusdroveonwithoutstopping.Revised:Findingnobodywaitingatthestop,thedriverdrovethebusonwithoutstopping16DanglingModifiers垂懸6.Consideringtheweather,thefootballgamewascancelled.7.Hewrotetomeconcerningabusinessaffair.8.Approachingthelake,anamazingsightcameintoview.Revised:Asweapproachedthelake,anamazingsightcameintotheviewing.17DanglingModifiers垂懸9.Theymoveintothenextclass,accordingastheypassorfailtheexamination.10.Puttingitmildly,heisnotconscientiousenough.從上面的練習可以看出，諸如considering,judging,concerning之類的分詞在英語中用作介詞或固定短語，這些分詞組成的狀語不能視為懸垂錯誤，閱讀時要注意判斷。18DanglingModifiers垂懸

下面這篇文章中，垂懸錯誤比比皆是，請你仔細批改一下：Themistwasthickeningasdarknessfell.Beingonlyafive-minutewalktothevillage,therewasnoreasontofeelafraid.Shepickeduphershoppingbasketandleftthehouse.Havingwalkedonlyafewyards,themistswallowedherup.So,feelingherwayalongthefence,atwiglashedherface.19DanglingModifiers垂懸

下面這篇文章中，垂懸錯誤比比皆是，請你仔細批改一下：Thensheheardheavyfootstepsmovingbehindher.Shestoppedandtheystopped.Hurryingforward,theypursued.Shefoundherselfinasuffocatingworldseizedwithafeelingofhelplessnessandblindness.20DanglingModifiers垂懸

改正過的短文Themistwasthickeningasdarknessfell.Asitwasonlyafive-minutewalktothevillage,therewasnoreasontofeelafraid.Shepickeduphershoppingbasketandleftthehouse.Havingwalkedonlyafewyards,themistswallowedherup.So,whileshewasfeelingherwayalongthefence,atwiglashedherface.21DanglingModifiers垂懸

改正過的短文Thensheheardheavyfootstepsmovingbehindher.Shestoppedandtheystopped.Shehurriedforwardandtheypursued.Seizedwithafeelingofhelplessnessandblindness,shefoundherselfinasuffocatingworld.(順序變化，緊跟所修飾的成分。)22Homework：作業要求書面作業，寫在作業本上交上。把原題抄上，直接在原題上改正即可。提示：所列病句前面講義中都有提及，注意復習。23DanglingModifiers垂