高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2024-2025學年高三上學期11月期中聯考英語試題第一部分聽力（略分）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACallforPapers:ResearchinHospitalityManagement(酒店管理)Theleadingpeer-reviewedjournal,ResearchinHospitalityManagement,hasissuedaCallforPapersforVolume14,Issue2.Thisissueaimstopublishoriginalresearcharticles,reviews,andcasestudiesfromscholars,researchers,andindustryprofessionals.Thejournalfocusesonrapidchangesinthehospitalityindustry,includingtourismandleisure,businessandleisurevisitors,andresidents’leisurepursuits.Keythemesinclude:·Submissionsareencouragedthatdigintotherapidtransformationsshapingthehospitalityindustry.·Thejournalseekscontributionsthatexplorethecurrentlandscapeandimmediatefutureofhospitality.·Practicalapplicationsandimplicationsforindustrypracticesarehighlyencouraged.·Thejournalwelcomesdiverseperspectives(看法)andmethodologiesthatcontributetoacomprehensiveunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.·Submissionsthatintegrateperspectivesfromvariousdisciplines(學科)toprovideatotalunderstandingofthechallengesandopportunitieswithinthehospitalityindustryareencouraged.ImportantDates:·SubmissionDeadline:June17,2025·Notification(正式通知)ofAcceptance:July15,2025·RevisedManuscript(手稿)Due:August15,2025·PublicationDate:September30,2025SubmissionGuidelines:Allmanuscriptsshouldbesubmittedthroughemail(info@),followingtheauthorguidelinesavailablehere.Submittedpaperswillundergoastrictdouble-blindpeerreviewprocesstoensurethehighestqualityofscholarship.ContactInformation:Forinquiriesorfurtherinformation,pleasecontacttheeditorialteamatinfo@.Thejournaleagerlyanticipatessubmissionsthatadvanceknowledgeandunderstandingoftheevolvinglandscapeofhospitalitymanagement.1.Whattypeofcontributionsdoesthejournalprioritizeforitsupcomingissue?A.Long-termhistoricalreviews.B.Generaltourismpromotionalmaterials.C.Originalresearchpapersandcaseanalyses.D.Hospitalitymanagementtextbooksummary.2.WhatisakeythemeforsubmissionstoVolume14,Issue2?A.Rapidchangesintheprintingindustry.B.Detailedhistoricaltimelinesofhotelchains.C.Effectandimportancetothefieldofmanagement.D.Cross-disciplinaryinsightsonhospitalitydifficulties.3.Whatshouldyouavoiddoingwhencontributingtothejournal?A.Revealingyouridentitytothereviewers.B.SubmittingyourpapersonJune17,2025.C.Emailingyourpaperstoaspecificaccount.D.Followingthespecificguidelinesbythejournal.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一個學術雜志的征文投稿活動，主要包括其關注點、關鍵主題、時間節點、投稿指南和聯系信息。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Thisissueaimstopublishoriginalresearcharticles,reviews,andcasestudiesfromscholars,researchers,andindustryprofessionals.(本期雜志旨在發表學者、研究人員和行業專業人士的原創研究文章、評論和案例研究)”可知，在即將出版的這一期中，該雜志將優先考慮原創研究論文和案例分析。故選C項。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據Keythemesinclude部分最后一點“Submissionsthatintegrateperspectivesfromvariousdisciplines(學科)toprovideatotalunderstandingofthechallengesandopportunitieswithinthehospitalityindustryareencouraged.(鼓勵提交整合不同學科觀點的報告，以提供對酒店業的挑戰和機遇的全面了解)”可知，關于酒店行業困難的跨學科見解是這一期投稿的一個關鍵主題。故選D項。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據SubmissionGuidelines部分中“Submittedpaperswillundergoastrictdouble-blindpeerreviewprocesstoensurethehighestqualityofscholarship.(提交的論文將經過嚴格的雙盲同行評審過程，以確保最高質量的學術)”可知，作者和評審的身份都應保密，因此應避免向評審透露身份。故選A項。BForsomepeople,themostextraordinarylightsourcetobeseeninsummerisfromthefireflies.“Itisawonderfulsight,”saidBenCooke,theNationalTrustarearanger(護林員)forPurbeckinDorset,whosejobincludesmonitoringthefirefliesandcaringfortheirhabitat.“Seeingfirefliesshouldbeoneveryone’smust-dolist.There’snothingelselikeit.Ifyoustartoutearlyenoughandthelightgraduallyfades(逐漸消失),itplaystricksonyoureyes.Peopleseeawhiteflowerandthink:‘Oh,isthatone?’Orraindropsonaleafcatchabitoflight.Butwhenyouactuallyseethelight,youcan’tmistakeitforanythingelse.”TheNationalTrustisrunningaprojectinPurbeckinvolvingvolunteerspotterscountingthenumbersoffireflies.Itisworkingonprovidingtheidealconditionsforthemtothrive(茁壯成長)andmaylookatintroducingmoreintothearea.Cooketookafireflywalkthisweek.Closetohim,twofemaleswereglowingbrightlytoattractpassingmales.Alittlefurtheralongthepath,Cookesetupa“trap”—abikelightunderaplasticbowl—toattractothermales.Withinafewminutes14hadappeared.“Arecordforme,”hesaid.Themales,whichflyastheysearchforfemales,donotsendoutthesamebrightgreenlight.ThefirefliesarejustoneoftheanimalstheNationalTrustisencouraginginthearea.Twoyearsago,itacquiredthreecoastalcavesthatarehometoawidevarietyofbats.AtitsWestonFarmsiteithasplanstoattractbirds.Butitisthefirefliesthatoftengrabvisitors’imaginations.“Theyaresoattractive,”saidCooke.4.AccordingtoCooke,whatvisualeffectdoesthefadinglighthasonobservers?A.Theymaymistakesomeotherthingsforfireflies.B.Theyseebrightgreenlightsentoutbymalefireflies.C.Theynoticereflectionsoffriversurfaceslikefireflylight.D.Theycanobservefireflieseasierduetodarkersurroundings.5.HowcanthevolunteersoftheprojectinPurbeckhelpfireflies?A.Bycatchingfirefliesforobservation.B.Bycollectingdataonfireflybehaviour.C.Byfiguringoutthenumberoffireflies.D.Byacquiringnewhabitatssuitableforfireflies.6.WhatdidCookefindduringhisrecentwalk?A.Evidenceoffireflyfeedingbehaviour.B.Ahiddencavewherefireflieswerehiding.C.Arecordnumberofmalesattractedtohistrap.D.Twomalesfirefliesglowingbrightlytoattractfemales.7.Whyarebatsandbirdsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tohighlighttheireffectsonfireflies.B.Todiscusstheiruniquebiologicalfeatures.C.Tocomparetheirbehaviourwiththatoffireflies.D.ToshowtheconservationeffortsoftheNationalTrust.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了英國多塞特郡珀貝克的國家信托公司對于螢火蟲開展的保護計劃。【4題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Ifyoustartoutearlyenoughandthelightgraduallyfades(逐漸消失),itplaystricksonyoureyes.Peopleseeawhiteflowerandthink:‘Oh,isthatone?’Orraindropsonaleafcatchabitoflight.(如果你開始得足夠早，光線逐漸減弱，就會對你的眼睛造成影響。人們看到白色的花會想：‘哦，那是一只嗎？’或是雨滴落在樹葉上，捕捉到一絲陽光)”可知，如果開始得足夠早，當光線逐漸減弱時，會欺騙眼睛，人們可能會把其他東西誤認為螢火蟲。故選A。【5題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“TheNationalTrustisrunningaprojectinPurbeckinvolvingvolunteerspotterscountingthenumbersoffireflies.(國家信托基金在珀貝克開展了一個項目，包括志愿觀察人員計算螢火蟲的數量)”可知，珀貝克項目的志愿者通過計算螢火蟲的數量來幫助螢火蟲。故選C。【6題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第五段“Closetohim,twofemaleswereglowingbrightlytoattractpassingmales.Alittlefurtheralongthepath,Cookesetupa“trap”—abikelightunderaplasticbowl—toattractothermales.Withinafewminutes14hadappeared.“Arecordforme,”hesaid.Themales,whichflyastheysearchforfemales,donotsendoutthesamebrightgreenlight.(在他身邊，兩只雌性螢火蟲發出明亮的光芒，吸引路過的雄性。沿著小路往前走一點，庫克設置了一個“陷阱”——一個塑料碗下面的自行車燈——來吸引其他雄性。幾分鐘之內，14個出現了。“這對我來說是一項紀錄，”他說。雄性螢火蟲在尋找雌性螢火蟲時，不會發出同樣明亮的綠光)”可知，最近，Cooke發現許多雄性螢火蟲被他的陷阱吸引，這創下了記錄。故選C。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“ThefirefliesarejustoneoftheanimalstheNationalTrustisencouraginginthearea.Twoyearsago,itacquiredthreecoastalcavesthatarehometoawidevarietyofbats.AtitsWestonFarmsiteithasplanstoattractbirds.(螢火蟲只是國家信托基金在該地區鼓勵的動物之一。兩年前，它獲得了三個沿海洞穴，那里是各種各樣蝙蝠的家園。在韋斯頓農場，該公司計劃吸引鳥類)”可知，最后一段提及蝙蝠和鳥類是為了表明國家信托基金在保護動物方面的努力，它們不僅僅保護了螢火蟲，還有蝙蝠和鳥類。故選D。CIt’seasytomakequalityfacilitiesequalizequalityeducation.However,focusingentirelyonfacilitiesoverlooksthecriticalroleofteachersinachild’seducation.Asthesayinggoes,“Greatteacherscanteachinatent.”Therefore,evenaschoolwithexcellentfacilitiesmightprovideinferioreducationifitsteachersareuninterestedorprioritizerankingsoverstudentdevelopment.Thekeytoqualityeducationliesinexceptionalteachers.Sinceschoolsrarelyshowcasetheirteachers,parentsfinditchallengingtoevaluateschoolqualityandoftentendtoassessfacilitiesinstead.Let’sdigdeeperintowhatconstitutesqualityeducation.Qualityeducationiswidelyacknowledgedasessentialforahealthy,successfullife.TheUnitedNationsrecognizesitsmagnitude,positioningitasaSustainableDevelopmentGoal,notingthat“Educationenablesupwardsocioeconomicmobilityandiscrucialforpovertyalleviation(扶貧).”Teachersplayacrucialroleinqualityeducation.Top-tierteachersunderstandtheirsignificantinfluenceonstudents’lives,partneringwiththemthroughouttheireducationaljourney.Numerousstudiesemphasizethecorrelationbetweenpositiveteacher-studentrelationshipsandacademicsuccess,attributingthissuccesstoteachers’intentionaleffortstofoster(促進)theseconnections.Inessence,qualityeducationheavilydependsonoutstandingteaching,shiftingclassroomdynamicsfromauthoritariantocollaborativepartnershipsthatencourageacademicgrowthandpersonaldevelopment.ProfessorJohnHattierevealsthatteacher-studentrelationshipsarethemostinfluentialfactorinstudentachievement,surpassingsubjectknowledge,training,curriculum(課程),andhomeandschooleffects.Onthecontrary,negativeinteractionscanholdbackprogress.Researchindicatesthatearlynegativerelationshipscanaffectacademicandbehaviouraloutcomesyearslater.Studentswhofeelvaluedbytheirteachersaremoreengaged,eagertolearn,andwillingtoseekhelpwhenneeded.AngelaMaiers,aneducationalexpert,pinpointstwocrucialelementsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.Qualityteachersgenuinelycareabouttheirstudents,creatingasupportiveenvironmentthatenhancesschooladjustmentandperformance.Theyalsobelieveintheirstudents’potential,pushingthemtoachievewhileprovidingsupport.Inconclusion,qualityeducationreliesonthedevotionandexpertiseofteacherswhocaredeeplyabouttheirstudentsandactivelyfosterapositive,nurturinglearningenvironment.8.Whatmainlydeterminethequalityofeducationaccordingtothetext?A.Advancedfacilities. B.Outstandingteachers.C.Competitiverankings. D.Extensivecurriculums.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“magnitude”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Existence. B.Complexity.C.Significance. D.Stability.10.Whatcontributestostudents’academicsuccessmostaccordingtoJohnHattie?A.Focusingonsubjectknowledge.B.Establishingpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.C.Prioritizingtrainingandcurriculum.D.Emphasizinghomeandschooleffects.11.Whatkeyfactorsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationshipsdoesAngelaMaiersidentify?A.Careandpush. B.Disciplineandstructure.C.Autonomyandchoice. D.Motivationandreward.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了優質教育的關鍵在于優秀的教師，而非僅僅依賴于先進的設施，強調了教師在學生教育中的重要作用。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Thekeytoqualityeducationliesinexceptionalteachers.(優質教育的關鍵在于優秀的教師)”可知，文章主要認為優質教育的決定因素是優秀的教師。故選B項。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞后文“positioningitasaSustainableDevelopmentGoal,notingthat“Educationenablesupwardsocioeconomicmobilityandiscrucialforpovertyalleviation(扶貧).”(將其定位為可持續發展目標，指出“教育使社會經濟向上流動，對減貧至關重要。”)”可知，此處是在強調教育的重要性和意義。由此可知，劃線詞magnitude意為“重要性；重大”，與Significance同義。故選C項。【10題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段中“ProfessorJohnHattierevealsthatteacher-studentrelationshipsarethemostinfluentialfactorinstudentachievement,surpassingsubjectknowledge,training,curriculum(課程),andhomeandschooleffects.(約翰·哈蒂教授指出，師生關系是學生成績最有影響力的因素，超過了學科知識、培訓、課程以及家庭和學校的影響)”可知，約翰·哈蒂認為建立積極的師生關系對學生學業成功貢獻最大。故選B項。【11題詳析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“AngelaMaiers,aneducationalexpert,pinpointstwocrucialelementsofpositiveteacher-studentrelationships.Qualityteachersgenuinelycareabouttheirstudents,creatingasupportiveenvironmentthatenhancesschooladjustmentandperformance.Theyalsobelieveintheirstudents’potential,pushingthemtoachievewhileprovidingsupport.(教育專家安吉拉·梅爾斯指出了積極師生關系的兩個關鍵因素。優秀的教師真正關心他們的學生，創造一個支持性的環境，促進學生的學校適應和表現。他們還相信學生的潛力，在提供支持的同時鼓勵他們取得成就)”可知，安吉拉·梅爾斯認為積極的師生關系的關鍵因素是關心和鼓勵。故選A項。DSapiaisanAItoolforHR(HumanResources)inwhichjobapplicantsinteractwithPhai,achatbot.“It’sawholenewcapability:theabilitytounderstandpeoplethroughashortconversation,”saysfounderandCEOBarbHyman.“Oursmartchatbotasksfivequestionsviatextandfromtherewecanfigureoutthingsaboutyouthatorganisationswanttodiscoverwhenthey’rerecruiting(招聘).”TheAIalgorithm(算法)processestheanswerstoevaluatequalitieslikecommunicationskills,teamworkorleadershipability,andlearningadaptability.“TheCV(簡歷)isunnecessaryindecisionsaboutpeopleanditbringsinbias(偏見).WedoitwithAI—it’sascalable(可擴展的),bias-freesolutiontohelpcompaniesdeterminethebestpeopleforroles,inunder24hours.Ourtechnologysolvesforhiringefficiencybutalsodiversityandtalent,intelligenceandleadershipcapability,”saysBarbHyman.HymanwasalawyerwhoswitchedtostrategyconsultingwithBostonConsultingGroup,takingonHRroleswhenherthreechildrenweresmall.“Icouldseetheincredibleinvisiblecostofhiring—andthebias,”shesays.In2018,whenPredictiveHirewasanearly-stagestartup,shecameinasCEO.ItrebrandedasSapiathisyear.Hymansaystheproductandmessagingwasn’trightbackthenand,astheoriginalfounderdeparted,shesetabouthiringanewteamandraisingmoney.“Mykeybrilliancewashiringbrilliantpeople,startingwithDrBuddhiJayatilleke,ourchiefdatascientist.Wewantedtodeliverasolutionthatworkedforcompaniesandwasalsofairforpeople,”saysHyman.“Wehadtoprovewecouldbuildsomethingthatpeopletrusted,inaworldwheretherearelotsofmythsandfearsaboutAI,”Hymansaystransparencyiskey.“Sapiahasnowbeenusedformorethantwomillioncandidatesin47countries.We’reusedbyalotofAustralia’stopbrands,includingBunnings,WoolworthsandSuncorp,andtheUnitedStatesisnext.”ShesaysconsumerbrandsareSapia’ssweetspot,particularlythosewhosepublicchampioningofdiversityisnotreflectedintheirworkforce.“Theopportunityforustoreallymakeadifferencethere,veryfast,issignificant.”12.WhatdoesSapia’sAItechnologyofferthattraditionalCV-basedhiringlacks?A.Immediatefeedbackforapplicants.B.Ascalableandbias-freeevaluationprocess.C.Personalizedcoachingtipsforallcandidates.D.Aplatformtoshowcaseapplicants’diversity.13.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.WheretheideaofSapiaoriginatedfrom.B.HowchatbotPhaiworksinthehiringprocess.C.HowSapia’salgorithmevaluatescandidates’answers.D.WhyhumanresourcesmanagementbenefitsfromSapia.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSapia’sapproachtohiring?A.Itisprimarilydesignedforsmallbusinessesandstartups.B.Itonlyfocusesontechnicalskillsandignoressoftskills.C.Itentirelygetsridofhumaninteractionsinthehiringprocess.D.Itvaluestransparencyasameanstobuildtrustwithitsusers.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactofAIonRecruitmentandEmployees.B.HowSapiaisUsingAItoTransformRecruitingandHR.C.Sapia’sAITechnology:CompletelySolvingProblemsinHR.D.WhatRoleSapiaHasintheFutureofHumanResources.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Sapia這一應用于人力資源領域的AI工具，它通過聊天機器人與求職者互動，能夠在24小時內對公司所需人才進行無偏見、可擴展的評估，提高了招聘效率，同時也注重多樣性和人才的智能與領導能力。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“TheCV(簡歷)isunnecessaryindecisionsaboutpeopleanditbringsinbias(偏見).WedoitwithAI—it’sascalable(可擴展的),bias-freesolutiontohelpcompaniesdeterminethebestpeopleforroles,inunder24hours.(簡歷在人事決策中是不必要的，它會帶來偏見。我們用AI來做——這是一個可擴展的、無偏見的解決方案，可以在24小時內幫助公司確定最適合職位的人選)”可知，Sapia的AI技術提供了一個可擴展且無偏見的評估過程，這是傳統基于簡歷的招聘所缺乏的。故選B項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“HymanwasalawyerwhoswitchedtostrategyconsultingwithBostonConsultingGroup,takingonHRroleswhenherthreechildrenweresmall.‘Icouldseetheincredibleinvisiblecostofhiring—andthebias,’shesays.In2018,whenPredictiveHirewasanearly-stagestartup,shecameinasCEO.ItrebrandedasSapiathisyear.(海曼曾是一名律師，后來轉行到波士頓咨詢公司從事戰略咨詢，在她的三個孩子還小的時候，她擔任了人力資源的角色。‘我看到了招聘帶來的令人難以置信的隱形成本和偏見，’她說。2018年，當PredictiveHire還處于初創階段時，她擔任了首席執行官。今年，它更名為Sapia)”可知，本段主要講述了Sapia的創始人Hyman的職業經歷以及她創辦Sapia的初衷，即看到了傳統招聘中的偏見和成本問題，由此可推斷出本段主要介紹了Sapia這一想法的起源。故選A項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“Wewantedtodeliverasolutionthatworkedforcompaniesandwasalsofairforpeople(我們希望提供一種既適用于公司又對人們公平的解決方案)”和“‘Wehadtoprovewecouldbuildsomethingthatpeopletrusted,inaworldwheretherearelotsofmythsandfearsaboutAI,’Hymansaystransparencyiskey.(海曼說透明度是關鍵，“我們必須證明，在一個對人工智能有很多謬見和恐懼的世界里，我們可以創造出人們信任的東西。”)”可知，Sapia在招聘過程中重視透明度，以此作為與用戶建立信任的手段。故選D項。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據第一段中“SapiaisanAItoolforHR(HumanResources)inwhichjobapplicantsinteractwithPhai,achatbot.(Sapia是一個應用于人力資源領域的AI工具，求職者可以與聊天機器人Phai進行互動)”和第二段中“TheAIalgorithm(算法)processestheanswerstoevaluatequalitieslikecommunicationskills,teamworkorleadershipability,andlearningadaptability.(AI算法處理答案，以評估溝通能力、團隊合作或領導能力、學習適應能力等素質)”可知，本文主要介紹了Sapia這一AI工具如何應用于人力資源領域，通過聊天機器人與求職者互動，利用AI算法對求職者進行評估，從而改變傳統招聘方式。B項“HowSapiaisUsingAItoTransformRecruitingandHR(Sapia如何利用AI改變招聘和人力資源領域)”最能概括文章主旨，是最佳標題。故選B項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouwanttobenoticedbyyourbossinagoodway,there’snoneedtoplotdetailedstrategiesorclimboveryourcolleagues.____16____.Herearefourthingsyoucansaythatwillendearyoutoanyboss:·“Ihaveasolution.”____17____.They’reusuallytheoneswhohavetocomeupwithallthesolutions.Thenexttimethere’sanissuethatyouneedtobringtoyourboss’sattention,comepreparedwithasolutioninhand.Whetherit’simplemented(執行)ornot,findingasolutiononyourownshowsinitiative,thoughtfulengagement,andcreativity.·“Itookcareofit.”Whenyoumakeamistake,findawaytocometoyourbossandsay,“ImadeamistakeandItookcareofit.”____18____.Thatwaywhat’smostmemorableisnotthemistake,butratheryourresponsibilityandaccountability.·“Icanhelp.”Offeringtohelpaworkmatewho’sstuck,overburdened,orunexpectedlycalledawayshowsinterestandwillingnesstodomore.____19____.Andit’llcastyouasanagentoffriendshipandteamwork.·“I’lldoit.”Especiallywhenyou’realreadyinahigh-pressureposition,nobodywantstotakeonmoreresponsibility.Butifyoulookatitfromadifferentperspective,it’sreallyanopportunitytoshowyourbossthatyou’reactive,willingtopitchin,ateamplayer,andreliable—establishingyouasanatural“go-to”person.____20____,butthepayoffishuge.Allofthesearepartoftheoveralljobofbuildingandmaintainingagoodrelationshipwithyourboss.Thewordsdon’thavetobeclosetobeeffective.A.Sure,it’salittleextraworkB.BosseshearlotsofproblemsalldayC.SaythethingsyourworkmateslovetohearD.ItshowsthatyouputyourheartintowhatyouaredoingE.SometimesitreallydoescomedowntothesimplethingsF.Ifpossible,alsosharewhatyou’redoingtopreventitfromhappeningagainG.Italsodemonstratesyourfocusonthebigpictureratherthanyourownrole【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.G20.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分享了工作中的人如何獲得老板關注的四條建議。【16題詳析】前文“Ifyouwanttobenoticedbyyourbossinagoodway,there’snoneedtoplotdetailedstrategiesorclimboveryourcolleagues.(如果你想以一種好的方式引起老板的注意，就沒有必要制定詳細的策略或越過你的同事)”指出想被老板關注不需要非常復雜的操作，后文“Herearefourthingsyoucansaythatwillendearyoutoanyboss(這里有四句話可以讓你受到老板的喜愛)”引出獲得老板關注的建議，因此E項“Sometimesitreallydoescomedowntothesimplethings(有時候它真的可以歸結為一些簡單的事情)”符合語境，表明被老板關注其實很簡單，承前啟后。故選E。【17題詳析】小標題“Ihaveasolution.(我有一個解決辦法)”表明本段與解決辦法相關，后文“They’reusuallytheoneswhohavetocomeupwithallthesolutions.(他們通常是必須提出所有解決方案的人)”指出老板要負責提出解決方案，因此B項“Bosseshearlotsofproblemsallday(老板們整天聽到很多問題)”符合語境，指出老板被問題煩擾，解釋了標題所給建議的原因，引出后文，其中的Bosses是后文They指代的對象。故選B。【18題詳析】前文“Whenyoumakeamistake,findawaytocometoyourbossandsay,“ImadeamistakeandItookcareofit.”(當你犯了一個錯誤，想辦法去找你的老板說：‘我犯了一個錯誤，我已經處理好了。’)”給出處理犯錯情況的方法，后文“Thatwaywhat’smostmemorableisnotthemistake,butratheryourresponsibilityandaccountability.(這樣的話，最令人難忘的不是錯誤，而是你的責任和擔當)”評價某個做法的好處，因此F項“Ifpossible,alsosharewhatyou’redoingtopreventitfromhappeningagain(如果可能的話，也分享一下你正在做什么來防止類似的事情再次發生)”符合語境，進一步闡述如何處理犯錯這個情況，和前文是遞進關系，引出后文的評價，其中it的指代前文的amistake。故選F。【19題詳析】前文“Offeringtohelpaworkmatewho’sstuck,overburdened,orunexpectedlycalledawayshowsinterestandwillingnesstodomore.(主動幫助陷入困境、負擔過重或意外被叫走的同事，表明你有興趣并愿意做更多的事情)”建議主動幫助遇到問題的同事，因此G項“Italsodemonstratesyourfocusonthebigpictureratherthanyourownrole(這也表明你關注大局，而不是你自己的角色)”符合語境，說明去幫助同事的積極意義，承接前文。故選G。【20題詳析】小標題“

“I’lldoit.”(‘我來做’)”以及前文“Butifyoulookatitfromadifferentperspective,it’sreallyanopportunitytoshowyourbossthatyou’reactive,willingtopitchin,ateamplayer,andreliable—establishingyouasanatural“go-to”person.

(特別是當你已經處于高壓狀態時，沒有人愿意承擔更多的責任。但如果你從另一個角度來看，這確實是一個向你的老板展示你積極、愿意投入、有團隊精神、可靠的機會——讓你成為一個天生的‘知心人”人。)”指出主動承擔更多工作的益處；A項“Sure,it’salittleextrawork(當然，這是一點額外的工作)”承接上文，指出主動承擔更多的工作意味著額外的工作量，和后文“butthepayoffishuge(但回報是巨大的)”構成轉折關系，符合語境。故選A。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AlbertLexie,affectionatelyknownasthe“ShoeshineMan”,workedattheChildren’sHospitaloftheUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCentreforover30years.Lexie____21____between2and5perpolish,earninghimjust$10,000peryear.Despitehis____22____income,Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips-____23____over$200,000-tothehospital’sFreeCareFund.Lexie____24____shiningshoesatthehospitalin1982andcontinuedhis____25____workuntil2013.Helefthishomeearlyeveryotherdayto____26____hispurpleshoeshinestandandbeganhisday.Whencustomersgavehimextra____27____,hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself.____28____,hedonatedeverylastbittothehospital.His____29____helpedensurethatallchildrenreceivedthemedicalcaretheyneeded.Whenaskedabouthiscommitment,Lexie_____30_____said,“Ihavemanykids.Ilovemykids.It’simportanttohelpmykids.”ChristopherGessner,presidentofUPMCChildren’sHospital,_____31_____Lexieforhiskindnessandgenerosity,statingthathis_____32_____farexceeded(超過)thetipshedonated.Lexie_____33_____severalawardsforhischarityworkandwashonouredbyhishometownwith“AlbertLexieDay”.In2012,heeven_____34_____achildren’sbooktitledAlbert’sKids,sharingthestoryofhisselflesswork.The_____35_____shoeshinerretiredin2013andpassedawayinOctober2018atage76.However,hislegacylivesonthroughhisenduringactsofkindness.21.A.distributed B.expected C.charged D.exchanged22.A.limited B.fancy C.raised D.stable23.A.owing B.taking C.lending D.totaling24.A.enjoyed B.started C.imagined D.admitted25.A.devoted B.formal C.demanding D.advanced26.A.pickout B.putaway C.setup D.teardown27.A.hugs B.shoes C.wishes D.tips28.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Besides D.However29.A.generosity B.guidance C.response D.honesty30.A.definitely B.scarcely C.simply D.strangely31.A.ignored B.blamed C.accepted D.praised32.A.approaches B.contributions C.instructions D.principles33.A.received B.launched C.prepared D.provided34.A.identified B.purchased C.released D.outlined35.A.selfish B.sensitive C.qualified D.kind【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了被親切地稱為“擦鞋人”的AlbertLexie在匹茲堡大學醫學中心兒童醫院工作了30多年，他將自己擦鞋所得的全部收入捐給了醫院的免費護理基金，他的善舉和慷慨得到了人們的贊揚，他的遺產也通過他持久的善行得以延續。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lexie每次擦鞋收費2到5美元，每年收入只有1萬美元。A.distributed分配；B.expected期待；C.charged收費；D.exchanged交換。根據后文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”可知，Lexie每年收入有1萬美元，這是他擦鞋的收，每次收費2到5美元。故選C。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的收入有限，但Lexie還是無私地將他所有的小費——總計超過20萬美元——捐給了醫院的免費護理基金。A.limited有限的；B.fancy奇特的；C.raised提高的；D.stable穩定的。根據前文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”可知，Lexie每年的收入只有1萬美元，說明他的收入是有限的。故選A。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的收入有限，但Lexie還是無私地將他所有的小費——總計超過20萬美元——捐給了醫院的免費護理基金。A.owing欠（錢）；B.taking拿走；C.lending借出；D.totaling總計。根據前文“earninghimjust$10,000peryear”和后文“over$200,000”可知，他所有小費總計超過20萬美元。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lexie于1982年開始在醫院擦鞋，并一直持續到2013年。A.enjoyed享受；B.started開始；C.imagined想象；D.admitted承認。根據后文“in1982”和“andcontinuedhis5workuntil2013”可知，Lexie從1982年開始在醫院擦鞋，并一直持續到2013年。故選B。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Lexie于1982年開始在醫院擦鞋，并且一直做著他熱愛的工作直到2013年。A.devoted熱愛的；B.formal正式的；C.demanding要求高的；D.advanced先進的。根據前文“Lexieshiningshoesatthehospitalin1982andcontinuedhisworkuntil2013.”和后文“Helefthishomeearlyeveryotherday”可知，Lexie從事這份工作30多年，而且一直兢兢業業，說明這是他熱愛的工作。故選A。【26題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他每隔一天就早早離開家，搭起他的紫色擦鞋攤，開始一天的工作。A.pickout挑選；B.putaway收好；C.setup搭建；D.teardown拆除。根據后文“hispurpleshoeshinestand”可知，Lexie搭起他的紫色擦鞋攤。故選C。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當顧客給他額外的小費時，他一分也不留給自己。A.hugs擁抱；B.shoes鞋子；C.wishes愿望；D.tips小費。根據前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”和“Whencustomersgavehimextra...”可知，顧客給他額外小費，而且Lexie將它們全部都捐給了醫院。故選D。【28題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他把每一分錢都捐給了醫院。A.Therefore因此；B.Instead相反；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根據前文“hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself”可知，Lexie沒有給自己留下一分錢，相反，他把每一分錢都捐給了醫院。故選B。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的慷慨確保了所有孩子都能得到他們所需的醫療護理。A.generosity慷慨；B.guidance指導；C.response回應；D.honesty誠實。根據前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”和“hedidn’tkeepasinglecentforhimself,hedonatedeverylastbittothehospital.”可知，Lexie無私地將自己擦鞋所得的全部收入捐給了醫院，這是慷慨之舉。故選A。【30題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當被問及他的承諾時，Lexie只是說：“我有很多孩子。我愛我的孩子。幫助我的孩子很重要。”A.definitely明確地；B.scarcely幾乎不；C.simply僅僅，只；D.strangely奇怪地。根據后文Lexie所說的話“Ihavemanykids.Ilovemykids.It’simportanttohelpmykids.”可知，這是Lexie對自己行為的一個簡單解釋，用副詞simply表示“僅僅，只”，說明沒有過多的修飾或復雜的表達。故選C。【31題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：UPMC兒童醫院院長ChristopherGessner贊揚了Lexie的善良和慷慨，稱他的貢獻遠遠超過了他所捐的小費。A.ignored忽視；B.blamed責備；C.accepted接受；D.praised贊揚。根據后文“forhiskindnessandgenerosity”可知，院長ChristopherGessner贊揚了Lexie的善良和慷慨。故選D。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：UPMC兒童醫院院長ChristopherGessner贊揚了Lexie的善良和慷慨，稱他的貢獻遠遠超過了他所捐的小費。A.approaches方法；B.contributions貢獻；C.instructions說明；D.principles原則。根據前文“Lexieselflesslydonatedallhistips”以及后文“farexceededthetipshedonated”可知，Lexie的貢獻遠遠超過了他所捐的小費。故選B。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lexie因其慈善工作獲得了幾個獎項，而且他的家鄉為它設立了“AlbertLexie日”。A.r