專題209BU4-牛津譯林版初中英語第二學期單元知識點囊括及易錯題分析單元話題LifeonMarsReading重點詞匯、詞組和句型Grammar簡單句和復雜句之間的轉換（二）知識點囊括知識點囊括一、重點詞組、句型1.driedfood干糧2.morepolluted(pollution(u)污染更嚴重3.becauseoftherapid(adj)increase(n)inpopulation因為人口的快速增長(rapider;rapidest)Thepopulationisincreasing(v.)rapidly(adv.).4.startalloveragain重新開始5.largenumbersofpassengers大批乘客6.alargenumberofstrangers大量陌生人Knowingandunderstanding_____needsisofgreatimportancetoeverysuccessfulbusiness.(顧客)【答案】customers’7.travelata/thespeedof......的速度飛行8.quiteuncomfortable相當不舒服9.intheformofelectronicmoney以電子貨幣的形式10....tastyas...(tastier,tastiest)和..一樣美味11.Mostpeoplethinkhome-madefoodismuch_____thantake-awayfood.(taste)【答案】tastier12.specially(adv.)designfor..專門為..設計，特地為..設計special(adj.)Mostofthetoolsare____offeredtohelpthosepeoplewithhearingproblems.(專門)【答案】paredto/withlifeonourownplanet與我們的星球的生活相比和手工制作的那款相比，這款錢包便宜得多。_________________,thisoneismuchcheaper.【答案】Comparedwiththatpursemadebyhand15.beinagreement-致同意(狀態）達成一致reachanagreement16.thepossibilityof....的可能性17.Theweatherreportsaysitwillbecloudywithaslight________ofrainlatertonight.A.sense B.influence C.change D.chance【答案】D18.carryouttheplan開展/執行計劃carryit/themout19.I'mnotsureifit'sworththerisk(n.)我不確定是否值得冒險。risk(v.)doingtaketherisk冒著...的危險taketheriskofdoing20.afterall畢竟firstofall首先aboveall首要的是inall總計21.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology隨著技術的發展二、語法Grammar1.含有狀語從句的復合句與簡單句之間的轉換在英語中，我們可以用attheageof,becauseof,without...等介詞短語，將含有狀語從句的復合句改為簡單句。Helearnttoswimwhenhewaseightyearsold.→Helearnttoswimattheageofeight.Hecouldnotgotothepartybecausehehadtoomuchhomework.→Hecouldnotgotothepartybecauseoftoomuchhomework.Hecannotsolvethisproblemifhehasnohelp.→Hecannotsolvethisproblemwithouthelp.注意：轉換時要注意時態和意思的一致性和準確性。2.含有賓語從句的復合句與簡單句之間的轉換在英語中，我們可以用of...,like...等介詞短語，將含有賓語從句的復合句改為簡單句。ThephotosremindmethatItravelledtotheUKfiveyearsago→ThephotosremindmeofmytriptotheUKfiveyearsago.AreyoucertainthatTomissatisfiedwiththeplan?→AreyoucertainaboutTom’ssatisfactionwiththeplan?注意：常用的一些動詞和介詞的搭配有：remindsomebodyof...besure/certainabout...3.含有定語從句的復合句與簡單句之間的轉換在英語中，我們可以用with...,in....等介詞短語，將含有定語從句的復合句改為簡單句。Doyouknowthegirlwhoisholdingtwobooksinherhand?→Doyouknowthegirlwithtwobooksinherhand?ThemanwhowearsablueshirtisourEnglishteacher.→ThemaninablueshirtisourEnglishteacher.本單元的語法主要講解的是簡單句和狀語從句、賓語從句、定語從句的轉換，我們主要注意復習賓語從句和定語從句的考點。三、詞組歸納crowdedadj.擁擠的becomemoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedcrowdn.人群v.使…擁擠2、 pollutedadj.被污染的pollutev.pollutionn.airpollution3、 rapidadj.快地，迅速的rapidlyadv.4、increase['??kri?s]n.therapidincreaseinpopulationv.increasericeproduction5、 speciallyadv.專門地，特地bespeciallydesigned6、 challengingadj.挑戰性的challengen.挑戰takeonnewchallenges7、 ata/thespeedof以…的速度 intheformof以…的形式8、 compareto/with與…相比9、 Whenhewas16=attheageof16.10、 carryout開展，執行carryoutasurveycarryonwithsthcarryondoingsth11、 riskn.風險v冒風險riskdoingsth.attheriskofdoingrun/takeariskofdoing12、afterall畢竟inall總計aboveall首要的是firstofall首要的是13、 harmsb.傷害某人=doharmtosb.=beharmfultosb.14、beworthsth./doingsth.值得15、 aguidetolivingonMars生活在火星的指南16、besimilarto17、entertainmentn.娛樂四、句型歸納1.—Wow,I’veneverthoughtabouttravellingintospace.哇，我從未想過到太空旅行?！狹eneither.我也沒有。thinkaboutdoingsth.考慮做某事Meneither.==NeitherhaveI.2.HowdoyoulikelifeonMars?你認為火星上的生活怎么樣/Howdoyoulike...?==Whatdoyouthinkof...?你認為....怎么樣？3.WhatwoulditbeliketoliveonMars?住在火星上將會是什么樣子呢？What+be+主語+like?....怎么樣？Ourownplanet,theEarth,isbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedbecauseoftherapidincreaseinpopulation.因為飛速增長的人口，我們自己的星球——地球正變得越來越擁擠，污染越來越嚴重。5.ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthree-eighthsofthatontheEarth.火星上的重力只有地球上的八分之三。Onethirdofthewaterisdirty.Twothirdsoftheworkersinourfactoryareyoungpeople.6.ComparedwithlifeontheEarth,lifeonMarswouldbebetterinsomeways.與地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面要好些。過去分詞短語comparedwithlifeontheEarth在句中作狀語。7.Everystudentwouldhaveacomputerathomeconnectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork。.每個學生家里都有一臺電腦與星際網絡連接。過去分詞短語connectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork在句中作定語，修飾前面的computer.8.LifeonMarswouldbeinterestingaswellaschallenging.火星上的生活，不僅有挑戰性，還很有趣。aswellas不但...而且，既...又注意：這一短語在譯成中文時，應先譯aswellas后面的內容，再譯前面的。當aswellas與主語連用時，在意義上強調前者，謂語動詞應與其前的主語保持一致。Heaswellashisfriendslikesgoingshopping.易錯題分析易錯題分析語法部分：一、單項選擇1.—So,canyoutellme______heretoday?—Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.A.whatdidyouseeB.whatyousawC.whendidyouseeitD.whenyousaw2.—Jack,couldyoutellme fortravellingthissummer?—WeplantogoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.A.whereyourfamilywillgo B.howwillyourfamilygoC.howyourfamilywillgo D.wherewillyourfamilygo3.—Doyouknow______themeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.A.whentheyhadB.whentheyaregoingtohave

C.whendidtheyhaveD.whenaretheygoingtohave4.—David,couldyoutellme______?—Everyfouryears.A.whenthe2014WorldCupwillfinishB.howoftentheWorldCuptakesplaceC.howmanyteamstakepartintheWorldCupD.whomayscorethemostgoalsintheWorldCup5.—Canyoutellme______?—Inthreedays.A.whenwilltheygototheScienceMuseumB.howlongtheyhavebeeninNewYorkC.howsoontheywillgotoseethechildrenleftathomeD.whattimewilltheyattendthemeeting6.—Couldyoutellme_______?—InAugust,2014.A.wherewilltheYouthOlympicGamestakeplaceB.whenwilltheYouthOlympicGamestakeplaceC.wheretheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplaceD.whentheYouthOlympicGameswilltakeplace7.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?—Goalongthisstreetuntilyouseesomebuildingswithgoldenroofs.A.howIcangotoTianningTemple(天寧寺)B.howoftenyougotoTianningTempleC.howsoonyouwillgotoTianningTempleD.howmanytimesyouhavebeentoTianningTemple8.—Idon’tunderstand_______.—I’msorry.ButIwasdoingmyhomework.A.whyyoudidn’twatchthefootballmatchB.whydidn’tyouwatchthefootballmatchC.whyyoudon’twatchthefootballmatchD.whydon’tyouwatchthefootballmatch9.—Couldyoutellme_____yuanxiaoinchina?—UsuallyatLanternFestival.A.whendopeopleeatB.howdopeopleeatC.whenpeopleeatD.howpeopleear【答案】BABBCDAAC二、用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.TheNationalDaywewerelookingforwardto_____________(come)atlast.2.Thecleanwater____________(provide)forthepeopleinthedisasterareasassoonasitarrives.3.Theprojecttheyhadworkedonforalongtime_______(prove)tobeabigsuccess.4.Thesunlightweareallusedto_____________(include)sevendifferentcolours.5.Doyouknowwhotheteachershad________________(represent)ourschooltoattendthemeeting?6.Thelifethatweareusedto_______________(change)greatlysincethe1990s.7.Motherpromisestobuyhimanewcomputer_____________（connect）totheInternetifhesuccessfullytakesonthenewchallenge.8.ThesciencefictionbooksJohnlooksforwardto_______________(sell)wellonthemarket.9.ItriedmanywaysIcouldthinkof_______(stop)thelittleboyfromcrying.【答案】1.came2.provided3.proved4.includes5.represent6.haschanged7.connected8.sell9.tostop詞匯句型部分：一、單項選擇1.It’snecessarytocoveryournoseandmouthwhilesneezingbecausevirusesusuallyfloattheairus.A.in；inB.around；inC.in；aroundD.around；around2.--Let’splayagameonMars，shallwe？--Ok，thoughIpreferagameonTV.A.watchB.towatchC.watchingD.towatching3.—Doyoustillremembertheamountofmoneyinthebank?---Ofcourse.What’swrong?A.storeB.storingC.isstoredD.stored4.ThefilmBigHere6isinteresting,?A.isitB.aretheyC.aren’ttheyD.isn’tit5.AccordingtotheguidelivingonMars,thereistrafficairpollution.A.to;ofB.of;withoutC.to;withoutD.of;of6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolabouteighthundred.A.areB.wereC.isD.be7.IthinkourspacecraftareslowcarrylargenumberofpeopletoMarsatpresent.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to8.---TheadvantagesoftheChongqiBridgehavealreadybeenseen.---goodnewstous!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa9.I’dratherthepartyasongthanadance.A.tostart;withB.starting;toC.start;withD.tostart;to10.Thereareteachersinourschool,and.ofthemarewomenteachers.A.twohundreds;three-fouthB.twohundred;three-fouthsC.twohundred;third-fouthsD.twohundreds;three-fouths11.Whynotyourbrotheramessageforus?A.have;takeB.tohave;totakeC.have;totakeD.tohave;take12.---WhatdoyouthinkofthefilmTitantic3D?.---It’sfantastic.TheonlypityisthatIthebeginningofit.A.wasmissingB.missC.willmissD.missed13.Canyoutellmeinthefuture?AhowlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeCwhatlifewillbelikeD.whatwilllifebelike14.________cars,bicycleshavemanyadvantages.A.ComparewithB.ComparedwithC.CompareforD.Tocomparefor【答案】1---5.CBDDC6---10.CCACB11---13.ADCB二、單詞拼寫1．Look!Somefisharedead.Thewaterintherivermustbe_______（被污染的）．2．Thebusisoldanddirty.Itmakesmyjourney_______（不舒服的）．3．Whenspeakingtoa_______（陌生人），you'dbetterbecareful.4.Wehavetoexplorethe_______（可能性）ofworkingwiththem.5.1willnotpaythe_______（增加）inmybillsunlessyoumakeallthisclear.6.Shechangedherclothes_______（迅速地）andwentoutside.7.Thetrainstoppedsuddenlyandallthe_______（乘客）wereworried.8．Thecookiesareso_