選修6Unit3Ahealthylife一輪復習導學案基礎學問梳理【三星詞匯】一星閱讀詞匯cigarette n.香煙；紙煙 alcohol n.酒；酒精 alcoholic adj.酒精的 obesity n.(過度)肥胖；肥胖癥 adolescent n.青少年adj.青春期的 adolescence n.青春期 withdrawaln.收回；撤退；戒毒(或脫癮)過程pregnant adj.懷孕的 abnormal adj.畸形的；異樣的 relaxation n.放松；松弛 chemist n.藥劑師；化學家 comprehension n.理解(力) etc(etcetera) adv.諸如此類的事物；等等robbery n.搶劫；盜竊 immune adj.有免疫力的 sex n.性；性別 needle n.針；(注射器的)針頭 spill(spilt,spilt)vi.溢出;灑落vt.使溢出;使灑落maleadj.男性的;雄性的n.男人;雄性動(植)物female adj.女性的;雌性的n.雌性；女人abortion n.流產；中途失敗 cigar n.雪茄煙 二星寫作詞匯abuse n.&vt.濫用；虐待ban vt.禁止；取締n.禁令；指責due adj.欠款的；預定的；到期的tough adj.困難的；強硬的quit vt.停止(做某事)；離開lung n.肺desperate adj.無望的；舍命的packet n.小包；小盒pill n.藥丸；藥片prejudice n.偏見；成見awkward adj.局促擔心的；笨拙的automatic adj.無意識的；自動的automaticallyadv.無意識地；自動地mental adj.精神的；智力的mentallyadv.精神上；智力上breathless adj.氣喘吁吁的；屏息的breathn.呼吸，氣息breathevt.&vi.呼吸；(使)喘息unfit adj.不健康的；不合適的；不合格的fitvi.適合；合身adj.健康的；合適的；恰當的strengthen vt.加強；鞏固；使堅毅vi.變強strengthn.力氣；力氣；特長

strong adj.堅毅的；強壯的；堅固的weaken vi.(對......決心)動搖;減弱vt.(使)變弱weakadj.疲軟的；虛弱的；無力的

weakness n.弱點；懦弱disappointed adj.悲觀的；懊喪的disappointvt.使悲觀

disappointing adj.令人悲觀的；令人掃興的ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞愧的shamen.羞愧，慚愧vt.使丟臉，使慚愧

shameful adj.可恥的；不風光 的shamelessadj.無恥的；厚顏的illegal adj.不合法的；違法的legaladj.法律的；合法的survival n.幸存；生還者survivevt.&vi.幸存；生還；幸免于judgement n.看法；判決；推斷judgev.推斷；裁判；判決n.法官；裁判員embarrassed adj.尷尬的；陷入逆境的embarrassvt.使窘迫，使尷尬

embarrassing adj.使人尷尬的；令人犯難的三星高頻詞匯stress n.壓力；重音vt.加壓力于；使驚慌stressedadj.(感到)驚慌的；感到有壓力的

stressful adj.產生壓力的；(令人)驚慌的effect n.結果；效力affectvt.影響；感染；感動effectiveadj.有效的，起作用的

effectively adv.有效地，生效地accustom vt.使習慣于accustomedadj.慣常的；習慣了的addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的addictv.使沉迷；使上癮【構詞法巧記單詞】1. 否定前綴un-高頻形容詞一覽①unfit 不合適的②unfair 不公允的③unusual 不尋常的④unfriendly 不友好的⑤unfortunate 不幸的⑥uncomfortable 不舒適的⑦unimportant 不重要的⑧uncertain 不確定的2. -en后綴高頻動詞集錦①weaken 減弱②shorten 縮短③lessen 削減④sharpen 削尖⑤broaden 加寬⑥lighten 減輕⑦threaten 恐嚇⑧frighten 使驚嚇【短語巧記】dueto 由于……(be)addictedto 對……有癮beaccustomedto 習慣于……decideon 對……作出確定feellike(doing) 想要(做)……inspiteof 不顧；不管takerisks(arisk) 冒險getinto 陷入；染上(壞習慣)atrisk 境況危急；遭遇危急outofbreath 上氣不接下氣；氣喘吁吁reachfor 伸手去拿；接觸managetodo 設法做成haveaneffecton/upon 對......有影響overandoveragain 一再；反復【語法速遞】Itseemsamazing(amaze)thatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle(cycle)20kilometresinanafternoon.Itisnoteasytostopsmoking,butmillionshavemanagedtoquit(quit)andsocanyou.Youstartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefindingitdifficulttogiveitup.Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedtohaving(have)nicotineinit.HIVwilldamageyourimmunesystemsomuchthatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.Dosomerelaxationexerciseseverytimeyoufeelstressed(stress).【典句仿寫】1. as引導非限制性定語從句【課文原句】Asyouknow,ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain,youbegintodoitautomatically.你知道，假如你反反復復地做同一件事，你就會自動地做它。【仿寫】【2024北京卷書面表達】Asweknow,theYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinAsiaandhassomanyattractions.正如我們知道的，長江是亞洲最長河流，擁有很多景點。2. Itis/wastime(forsb)todosth該(某人)作某事的時候了【課文原句】Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking. 我知道到了該戒煙的時候了?！痉聦憽縄tistimeforthegovernmenttotakestrictmeasuresagainstpublicsmoking.該是政府實行嚴厲措施禁止在公共場所吸煙的時候了。3. “do/does/did+動詞原形”加強語氣，表示“的確；真的”【課文原句】IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.我的確希望如此，因為我想讓你和我一樣健康長壽?！痉聦憽俊?024全國卷Ⅱ書面表達】Idohopeyoucanvisitthepaper-cuttingexhibitionwithme.我的確希望你能和我一起參觀這個剪紙展覽。4. 強調句型：Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that/who＋其它部分【課文原句】ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有當這種病毒發展成艾滋病時，人才會顯出病態。【仿寫】Itwasonlywhenhefailedtopasstheexamthatheregrettedhavingwastedsomuchprecioustime.只有當他考試不及格時，他才懊悔奢侈了那么多珍貴的時間。核心要點探究【高頻單詞】1. stress n.壓力；重音；重點vt.使驚慌；重讀；強調；加壓力于(1) understress 在壓力之下 lay/putstressonsth 強調某事物stresssth(2) stressful adj.壓力重的(3) stressed adj.感到有壓力的【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Whenunderstress,evenamostgentlepersoncanbebad-temperedandgetangryeasily.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Aregularandbusylifeiswonderful,althoughit’shardandstressful(stress)．④Welayspecialstressondevelopinggoodneighborlyrelationswithnearbycountries.(2)微寫作正如多次強調的那樣，學好英語對你們今后的職業發展特別重要。Ashasbeenstressedmanytimes,learningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.2. addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的(1) be/becomeaddictedto 沉溺于……；對……上癮(2) addict vt.使沉溺；使上癮n.有癮的人 addictoneselftosth 某人沉溺于某事【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Nowadays,peopleareaddicted(addict)tosmartphonessomuchthattheyevenusethemwhiledriving.②Thesmarterachildis,thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTV(2)一句多譯很多孩子沉迷于玩電腦嬉戲，以致他們對學習失去了愛好。①Manykidsbecome/are/getaddictedtoplayingthecomputergames,sotheyhavelostinterestinstudy.(addicted)②Manykidsaddictthemselvestoplayingthecomputergames,sotheyhavelostinterestinstudy.(addict)③Addictedtoplayingthecomputergames,manykidshavelostinterestinstudy.(分詞作狀語)3. accustomed adj.慣常的；習慣了的(1) beaccustomedto(doing)sth 習慣于(做)某事(表示狀態) beusedto(doing)sth get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sth 習慣于(做)某事(表示動作) get/becomeusedto(doing)sth(2) accustom vt.使習慣于 accustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth 使某人/自己習慣于(做)某事【活學活用】(1)單句填空①KnowingthatyouarenotaccustomedtothelifehereandareconsideringreturningtoAmerica,Ifeelveryupset.②Forthoseaccustomed(accustom)toacomfortablelife,thechangetoremoteareasmusthavebeenveryhard.③Hequicklyaccustomedhimselftothestrongacademicatmosphereandcolorfulactivitiesinthecollege.(2)一句多譯這位老人習慣于住在農村，發覺很難適應城市的生活。①Theoldmanisaccustomedtolivinginthecountryside,andhefindsithardtoadapttothelifeinthecity.②Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside,theoldmanfindsithardtoadapttothelifeinthecity.(分詞作狀語)4. effect n．結果；效力；影響(1) takeeffect 生效；見效 haveaneffect/influence/impacton/upon 對……產生影響 sideeffects 副作用(多用復數)(2) effective adj.有效的；有影響的(3) affect vt.影響【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Globalwarmingishavingagreateffecton/uponhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.②【2024北京卷】Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffective(effect)runningofourprogrammes.③Thereisnodenyingthatreadingbooksoftraditionalculturecanhaveagoodeffecton/upon(有良好影響)thechildren.(2)句子升級Globalwarmingisgreatlyaffectinghundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.Globalwarmingishavingagreateffect/influence/impacton/uponhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.5. ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞愧的(1) beashamedtodo... 恥于做……；因難為情而不愿做…… feel/beashamedof(doing)sth 為(做)某事感到慚愧(2) It’sashamethat.../Whatashamethat...……真讓人缺憾。(3) shameful adj.可恥的；不道德的【活學活用】(1)單句填空①Ifeltashamed(shame)oftakingadvantageofhissympathy,andIfinallyapologizedtohim.②Itisashamethatagoodstudentshoulddosomethinglikethat.③Itisshameful(shame)tobreakschoolrules,tobeselfishortomakelittleefforttoachieveprogress.(2)微寫作①讀了上面如此多的媽媽們的埋怨，我感到慚愧和內疚。Havingreadabouttheabovecommoncomplaintfromsomanymothers,Ifeltashamedandguilty.②依我看來，你應當對自己的愚蠢行為感到羞愧。Inmyopinion,youshouldbeashamedofyourfoolishbehaviour.【常考短語】1. takerisks/arisk 冒險(1) atrisk 有風險；境況危急 attheriskof(doing)... 冒著(做)……的危急 take/runtherisk(ofdoingsth) 冒險(做某事) put...atrisk 讓……處于危急之中(2) riskdoingsth 冒險做某事【活學活用】(1)單句填空①【2024全國Ⅲ卷】Theyweremorelikelytobreakthespeedlimitandbeattheriskofgettingfined.②Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisklosing(lose)thegoodopportunity.③Heriskedbeingfired(fire)bythecompany,uncoveringthetruthofthewholeaffair.④Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks(risk).(2)微寫作【2015江蘇卷書面表達】交通問題不僅影響我們的日常生活，而且還使人們的生命處于危急之中。Notonlydoesthetrafficissueaffectourdailylife,butitalsoputspeople’slivesatrisk.2. inspiteof prep.不顧;不管;盡管 despite prep.即使;盡管 regardlessof prep.不加理睬;不顧【名師點撥】(1) inspiteof與despite二者基本同義，后面可跟名詞、v-ing或what從句。(2) although/though也有“盡管”之意，但用作從屬連詞，后面接讓步狀語從句。(3) inspiteof/despite+n.=inspiteof/despitethefactthat+從句=although/though+從句【活學活用】一句多譯雖然有疾病的威逼，人們照常忙著自己的事。①Despitethethreatofthedisease,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.②Inspiteofthethreatofthedisease,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.③Despitethefactthatthediseasewasathreat,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.④Inspiteofthefactthatthediseasewasathreat,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.⑤Although/Thoughthediseasewasathreat,peoplewentabouttheirbusinessasusual.【必備句型】1. IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.我的確希望如此，因為我想讓你和我一樣健康長壽?！久麕燑c撥】句型公式：(1)“do/does/did＋動詞原形”構成強調句，意為“的確；的確” (2)“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋單數可數名詞＋as...”，像……一樣……(1)句型用于加強謂語動詞的語氣，但句子必需是確定句，且句子的時態為一般現在時或一般過去時。(2)句型中as+adj.要放在冠詞之前，相像結構：how/so/too+adj.+a(n)+單數可數名詞【活學活用】(1)單句填空①【2024北京卷書面表達】Wedohopetherewillbemoremeaningfulactivitiesinthecomingfuture.②Toourjoy,hedidmanagetofinishthetaskaheadofschedule.③Wewantedhimtohaveasfullalifeaspossible,notdifferentfromwhatwewantforourothertwosons.④Asamatteroffact,Ican’taffordasexpensiveacarashis.(2)微寫作【2024全國卷Ⅲ書面表達】在我們校內里，打乒乓球和踢足球一樣受歡迎。Playingping-pongisaspopularanactivityasplayingfootballinourcampus.高考真題演練【品句填詞】①【2024江蘇卷】Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffecton/uponeverythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.②【2024全國III卷】Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskofisolation(孤獨),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.③【2024全國I卷】Weareoftenashamed(shame)ofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.④【2024新高考全國I卷】Atlast,alltherunnersmanagedtoarrive(arrive)atthefinishline,receivingcheersfromallthedirections.⑤【2024全國I卷】Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.⑥【2024新高考全國I卷】Hisjudgment/judgement(judge)andreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.⑦【2024全國I卷】Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrength(strong)beforeweakness(weak).⑧【2024浙江卷】Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(認知)functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentally(mental)challengingjobs.⑨【2024全國卷Ⅲ書面表達】Learningthatyouareaddictedtotabletennis,Iamwritingtosincerelyinviteyoutojointhetabletennisteaminourschool.⑩【2024新高考全國I卷完形填空】WateringyoungplantsinthedryseasonwasAforaloneboy.Molaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater. A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial語言素養提升【句式升級】①【2024天津卷書面表達】Iaminterestedinallkindsofmusic,andamongthemJazzismyfavorite.Iaminterestedinallkindsofmusic,amongwhichJazzismyfavorite.(用定語從句升級)②【2024浙江卷書面表達】YousharedmewithrichknowledgeofEnglishandEnglishculture.ItisyouwhosharedmewithrichknowledgeofEnglishandEnglishculture.(用強調句型升級)【主題寫作】假設你是李華，由于各種緣由，你校的很多同學養成了熬夜的習慣，熬夜會對健康造成很大的危害。請你以“TheHarmfulEffectsofStayingUpLate”為題，寫一篇英語短文，給你校英文內刊投稿，以使熬夜的同學相識到熬夜的危害并改掉這一不良習慣?！痉只襟E,先句后篇】1.列提綱,補全要點句。①由于各種緣由，很多學生養成了熬夜的習慣。Forvariousreasons,manystudentshavegotintothehabitofstayingup.②熬夜是個壞習慣，對健康有很壞的影響。Stayinguplateisabadhabit,whichwillhavebadeffectsonourhealth.③熬夜不僅導致缺乏精力而且使我們頭疼并無法在課上用心致志。Itwillnotonlyleadtoalackofenergy,butalsocauseustosufferfromheadachesandbeunabletoconcentrateonourlessons.④長期熬夜會減