考點13書面表達(dá)概要寫作Writing1（2024·上海市大同中學(xué)高三期中）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownworsasfaraspossible.PedestriansonlyTheconceptoftraffic-freeshoppingareasgoesbackalongtime.DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuilttoallowpeopletoshopincomfortand,moreimportantly,safety.Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetwasborninEuropeinthe1960s,whenbothcitypopulationsandcarownershipincreasedrapidly.Dirtyexhaustfumesfromcarsandtherisksinvolvedincrossingtheroadwerebeginningtomakeshoppinganunpleasantanddangerousexperience.Manybelievedthetimewasrightforexperimentingwithcar-freestreets,andshoppingareasseemedthebestplacetostart.Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.Theybelievedthatsuchamovewouldbebadforbusiness.Theyarguedthatpeoplewouldavoidstreetsiftheywereunabletogettothemintheircars.WhenthefirststreetsinEuropewereclosedtotraffic,therewereevennoisydemonstrations,asmanyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.However,researchcarriedoutafterwardsinseveralEuropeancitiesrevealedsomeunexpectedstatistics.InMunich,CologneandHamburg,visitorstoshoppingareasincreasedby50percent.OnCopenhagen’smainshoppingstreet,shopkeepersreportedsalesincreasesof25-40percent.ShopkeepersinMinneapolis,USA,weresoimpressedwhentheylearntthisthattheyevenofferedtopayfortheconstructionandmaintenancecostsoftheirowntraffic-freestreets.Withthearrivalofthetraffic-freeshoppingstreet,manyshops,especiallythosesellingthingslikeclothes,foodandsmallerluxuryitems,prospered.Unfortunately,itwasn’tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop.Manyofthesewereforcedtomoveelsewhere,awayfromthecitycentre.Todaytheyareacommonfeatureontheoutskirtsoftownsandcities,oftensituatedinout-of-townretailzoneswiththeirowncarparksandotherlocalfacilities.【答案】Theideaoftraffic-freeshoppingareasappearedlongago.Inthe1960s,themodern,pedestrianshoppingstreetcameintoexistenceforacleanerandsafershoppingenvironment.Atfirst,shopkeepersobjectedthatitwouldaffectbusiness.Actually,theidearesultedinbettersalesandgainedsupportlater.However,shopssellinglargeproductslostcustomersandhadtomovetooutskirts.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，無交通的購物區(qū)在很久以前就出現(xiàn)了，步行街的出現(xiàn)追溯到20世紀(jì)60年頭。起初步行街的概念遭到了很多店主的反對，認(rèn)為會影響生意，但后來銷售量的增長讓他們變更了看法。但是售賣大型商品的商店不得不搬到了郊區(qū)。【詳解】1.要點摘錄①Theconceptoftraffic-freeshoppingareasgoesbackalongtime.②Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetwasborninEuropeinthe1960s,whenbothcitypopulationsandcarownershipincreasedrapidly.③Dirtyexhaustfumesfromcarsandtherisksinvolvedincrossingtheroadwerebeginningtomakeshoppinganunpleasantanddangerousexperience.④Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.⑤Theybelievedthatsuchamovewouldbebadforbusiness.⑥InMunich,CologneandHamburg,visitorstoshoppingareasincreasedby50percent.⑦OnCopenhagen’smainshoppingstreet,shopkeepersreportedsalesincreasesof25-40percent.⑧Unfortunately,itwasn’tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop.⑨Manyofthesewereforcedtomoveelsewhere,awayfromthecitycentre.⑩Todaytheyareacommonfeatureontheoutskirtsoftownsandcities,oftensituatedinout-of-townretailzoneswiththeirowncarparksandotherlocalfacilities.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1個要點進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3個要點進(jìn)行整合，將第4、5個要點進(jìn)行整合，將6、7個要點進(jìn)行整合，將第8、9、10個要點進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Themodern,traffic-freeshoppingstreetforapleasedandsafeshoppingenvironment.Atthebeginning,shopkeepersresisteditwiththereasonthatitwillinfluencetheirbusiness.Shopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliancesactuallysawtheirsalesdrop,whichwereforcedtomovetooutskirtsoftownsandcitiesforitisconvenienttoparkcars.【點睛】[高分句型1]Inthe1960s,themodern,pedestrianshoppingstreetcameintoexistenceforacleanerandsafershoppingenvironment.（用for加兩個名詞短語的形式概括了第2、3個要點，簡潔明白且概括精確）[高分句型2]Atfirst,shopkeepersobjectedthatitwouldaffectbusiness.（用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句概括了起初店主們反對步行街的理由）[高分句型3]However,shopssellinglargeproductslostcustomersandhadtomovetooutskirts.（用however轉(zhuǎn)折句表明此處與前文的對比關(guān)系）Writing2（2024·上海金山區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Willpeoplereducecarusein20years？Nowadays,theownershipofcarsisnolongerbeingrecognizedasasymbolofone’swealthandsocialposition.Trackingbacktothepastwhenonlytherichwerequalifiedtopossessprivatecars,wecouldn’thelpmarvelingatthehistoricchangesuchaconvenientinventionbroughttopeople’sdailylives.Nevertheless,theincreaseinthenumberofcarownersisspellingmanynegativeeffects.Theserisingproblemsalsocausesomepeopletopredictthattheuseofcarsmightbereducedintwodecades.Aboveall,theuseofcarsremarkablythreatensourenvironment,ifsuchatendencyisnotbroughtundercontrolintime,theEarthwillnolongerbeasuitableplaceforhumanstosurviveinthefuture.Peoplehavetofacetheconsequence.Itisarealityfromwhichnooneisabletoescape.Everyday,thousandsofprivatecarsareemittingtonsofexhaustedgasthatseriouslypollutestheair.Thecarbondioxideleadstotheworldwidegreenhouseeffect,whichcausesthesealeveltoriseandproducesnegativeimpactsonweather.Inaddition,moreenergyisbeingwastedbecauseoftheproductionofprivatecars.Inordertobuildaresource-conservingandenvironment-friendlysociety,peopleoughttoreducetheuseofcars.Infact,diversifiedmeasuresarebeingtakenbythegovernmenttolimittheuseofcars.Ifsuchatendencycontinues,theeffectwillbeshowninthenearfuture.Forexample,toreachthegoalofbuildingasafeandharmonioussociety,BeijingTrafficManagementBureauhasrestrictedregionaltrafficinrushhoursonworkingdays.Anumberofprivatecarsareprohibitedonno-driving-days.Last,theadvancementofpublictransportationsystemsalsohelpschangecarowners’wayoftravelling.Effortsarebeingmadetoconstructmoreagreeablenetworksofbuses,subways,trainsandairplanes.Inthemeanwhile,advancesintechnologymighthelpcutdownthecostoftravellinginpublicvehicles.【答案】Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.First,byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.Besides,energy-consumingcarsarenotsustainabletothesociety.Therefore,thegovernmenthastakenvariousmeasureslikerestrictions.Last,publictransportisagoodremedythankstothehigh-tech.(58words)【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了擁有汽車已不是財寶和社會地位的象征，有車一族數(shù)量的增加帶來了很多負(fù)面影響，威逼著我們的環(huán)境，奢侈了更多的能源，并提出人們應(yīng)當(dāng)削減汽車的運用，通過政府實行措施，公共交通系統(tǒng)進(jìn)步變更人們出行方式，技術(shù)進(jìn)步降低乘坐公共交通成本等方法削減私家車的運用。【詳解】1要點摘錄①Trackingbacktothepastwhenonlytherichwerequalifiedtopossessprivatecars,wecouldn’thelpmarvelingatthehistoricchangesuchaconvenientinventionbroughttopeople’sdailylives.②Nevertheless,theincreaseinthenumberofcarownersisspellingmanynegativeeffects.③Everyday,thousandsofprivatecarsareemittingtonsofexhaustedgasthatseriouslypollutestheair.④Inaddition,moreenergyisbeingwastedbecauseoftheproductionofprivatecars.⑤Infact,diversifiedmeasuresarebeingtakenbythegovernmenttolimittheuseofcars.⑥Inthemeanwhile,advancesintechnologymighthelpcutdownthecostoftravellinginpublicvehicles.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個要點進(jìn)行重組；將3、4兩個要點進(jìn)行整合；將5、6兩個要點進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.Byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.Energy-consumingcarsarenotsustainabletothesociety.thegovernmenthastakenvariousmeasureslikerestrictions.publictransportisagoodremedythankstothehigh-tech.【點睛】[高分句型1]Despiteitssymbolizationofwealthinthepastandgreatchangestopeople’slife,carshavecausedmanynegativeeffects.運用介詞“Despite+名詞”表示“即使”，對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。表達(dá)高級。[高分句型2]：Byemittinggreenhousegases,theythreatentheenvironment.用介詞短語作方式狀語對其次段的大量運用私家車造成空氣污染的消極影響進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)特別高級。Writing3（2024·上海浦東新區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SolvingtheProblemofE-WasteOneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste-electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Tonnesoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentarediscardedchieflybecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.Fortunately,nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivee-wasteanewlife.There'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.ARestartProjectinLondon,isonethatmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneofitsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,saidthat"thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextractingthesematerialsfromelectronicappliances.It'sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalmining.Theseprojectsmaketotalsense---collectionsofe-wasteforrecyclingaredepressingorevendecreasing"accordingtoRuedigerKuehr,oftheUnitedNationsUniversity.Andincountrieswherethereisnolaws,muchofitjustgetsdumped.However,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturershavetomakeapplianceslonger-lastingandwillhavetosupplysparepartsformachinesforupto10years.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.Fortunately,peoplearefindingsolutionstogivee-wasteanewlife.Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaytodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.Besides,thereareevenlawsinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastinginsomecountries.

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，破壞人類地球環(huán)境的問題之一是我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西太多了。近年來，在我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西清單上又增加了一項——壞了、無法回收的電子產(chǎn)品。本文介紹一些用來處理電子垃圾問題的新方法。【詳解】1要點摘錄①Oneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway..②nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivee-wasteanewlife.③There'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.④Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.⑤theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturershavetomakeapplianceslonger-lasting2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、3兩個要點進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3兩個要點進(jìn)行整合。3.遣詞造句Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.Fortunately,Peoplearefindingsolutionstogivee-wasteanewlife.Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaystodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.Besides,thereareevenlawsinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastinginsomecountries.【點睛】[高分句型1]Oneoftheproblemsdestroyingourplanetisthestuffwethrowaway,especiallybrokenandnotrecycledelectronicitems.運用一個定語從句對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。[高分句型2]：Repaireventsaswellasclubcouldbeofhelp,ande-wasteminingisalsoanewwaytodealwiththeproblemofe-waste.用并列句對三四段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概括。Writing4（2024·上海楊浦區(qū)·高三期末）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatIsZeroWaste?Thegoalofthe“zerowaste”movementistogetridofallwastefromproducts.“Zerowaste”meansusingeverypartofaproduct.Today,thezerowasteideacanbefoundeverywherefromfoodtofashion.Creatingazerowasterestaurantisachallenge.Itisverydifficulttouseeverypartofproduceandleavenothingbehind.Creatingasoupfromunusedingredientsisapopularwaytouseupextrafooditems.Otherwaysaremoreadvanced.Somerestaurantsusecoffeegrounds（咖啡渣）toflavordishes.Somecooksalsocrushshrimpshellsandreusetheminsauces.Whileit’schallenging,zerowasterestaurantsappeartobeontherise.Inthefashionindustry,zerowasteisn’tanewidea.Butintoday’sworldoffastfashion,zerowasteisgrowingmorepopular.Usually,cuttingclothcreateslotsofwaste.Inzerowastefashion,designerstrytoavoidthis.Onewaytodosoisbyaddingtheseextrapiecesofclothtothefinaldesign.Anotherwayistodesignclothingwithoutwastefulcuts.Beyondrestaurantsandfashion,therearemanyotherpossibilitiesforzerowasteproducts.Allrestaurantsneedutensils（器皿）.Bakey’sisacompanythatisdevelopingedible（可食用的）utensils.Afterusingthem,youcaneatthem!Theirspoonsaremadeofflourandcomeinallkindsofflavors.Whilethesespoonsarenothardenoughtocutmeat,theyareperfectforricedishes.Meanwhile,AirNewZealandisexperimentingwithediblecoffeecupsthataremadebythecompanyTwice.Theyhavealreadyintroducedalineofflavoredcups.Afteryoufinishyourcoffee,youeatthecup,justlikeacookie!Whetherproductsaremadetobeedibleorreusable,hopefullythemovementwillhelpreducewasteallovertheworld.【答案】Zerowastemeanseliminatingallthewastesfromaproductandthemovementisgainingpopularity.Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.Besides,Manycompaniesarecreatingedibleproductsespeciallyutensils.Hopefully,zerowastecampaigncanhelpreducewasteworldwide.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了什么是零奢侈。零奢侈意味著從一個產(chǎn)品中消退全部的奢侈，這個運動越來越流行。一些餐館正在創(chuàng)建性地運用未運用的配料或食物殘羹剩飯。時裝設(shè)計師要么避開不必要的裁剪布料，要么找尋額外布料的新用途。此外，很多公司正在創(chuàng)建食用產(chǎn)品，特殊是餐具。希望零奢侈運動可以幫助削減全球的廢物。【詳解】1要點摘錄1）“Zerowaste”meansusingeverypartofaproduct.Today,thezerowasteideacanbefoundeverywherefromfoodtofashion.2）Somerestaurantsusecoffeegrounds（咖啡渣）toflavordishes.Somecooksalsocrushshrimpshellsandreusetheminsauces.Whileit’schallenging,zerowasterestaurantsappeartobeontherise.3）Onewaytodosoisbyaddingtheseextrapiecesofclothtothefinaldesign.Anotherwayistodesignclothingwithoutwastefulcuts.4）Beyondrestaurantsandfashion,therearemanyotherpossibilitiesforzerowasteproducts.5）Whetherproductsaremadetobeedibleorreusable,hopefullythemovementwillhelpreducewasteallovertheworld.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2、3、4、5五個要點分別概括。3.遣詞造句Zerowastemeanseliminatingallthewastesfromaproductandthemovementisgainingpopularity.Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.Besides,Manycompaniesarecreatingedibleproductsespeciallyutensils.Hopefully,zerowastecampaigncanhelpreducewasteworldwide.【點睛】[高分句型1]Somerestaurantsareusingcreativewaystouseunusedingredientsorfoodleftovers.運用動詞不定式作定語修飾way，對其次段進(jìn)行概括。[高分句型2]：Fashiondesignerseitheravoidunnecessarilycuttingclothorfindingnewusesforextracuts.用avoid加動名詞作賓語，用either…or連接并列成分，對第三段進(jìn)行概括，表達(dá)特別高級。Writing5（2024·華東師范高校附屬東昌中學(xué)高三月考）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Thegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeeninthelivesofwomen.Duringthetwentiethcenturytherehasbeenaremarkableshorteningoftheproportionofawoman'slifespentincaringforthechildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthenineteenthcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwentiesandwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,opportunityandhealthmadeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman’syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveyearsandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliancesandconveniencefoods.Thisimportantchangeinwoman’slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomen’seconomicposition.Evenafewyearsagomostgirlsleftschoolatthefirstopportunity,andmostofthemtookafull-timejob.However,whentheymarried,theyusuallyleftworkatonceandneverreturnedtoit.Todaytheschoolleavingageissixteen,manygirlsstayatschoolafterthatage,andthoughwomentendtomarryyounger,moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-or-part-timework.Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionsoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsofeachofthem.【答案】Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，婦女的生活發(fā)生了巨大的變更，因為她們結(jié)婚更早，須要照看的孩子更少，現(xiàn)代技術(shù)幫助她們，這使她們有可能回到工作崗位。這導(dǎo)致了女性在家庭經(jīng)濟地位的提高，與丈夫同等分擔(dān)家庭和家務(wù)。【詳解】1要點摘錄①Thegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeeninthelivesofwomen.②Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.③Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbyhouseholdappliancesandconveniencefoods.④Thisimportantchangeinwomanslife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffectonwomenseconomicposition.⑤Verymanymoreafterwardsreturntofull-or-part-timework.⑥Suchchangeshaveledtoanewrelationshipinmarriage,withthehusbandacceptingagreatershareofthedutiesandsatisfactionsoffamilylife,andwithbothhusbandandwifesharingmoreequallyinprovidingthemoney,andrunningthehome,accordingtotheabilitiesandinterestsofeachofthem.2.縝密構(gòu)思分別將第1、2、3兩個要點進(jìn)行重組，將第4、5兩個要點重組并與第6個要點進(jìn)行精簡整合。3.遣詞造句Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.【點睛】[高分句型1]Women'sliveshavechangedgreatly,becausetheymarryyounger,havefewerchildrentocarefor,andhavemoderntechnologytohelpthem,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtogetbacktowork.運用一個困難的主從復(fù)食句對原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。其中有because引導(dǎo)緣由狀語從句，和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句等困難句式。[高分句型2]：Thisresultsinwomen'sriseinfamilyeconomicpositiontoshareequallythedutiesofsupportingfamilyandchoreswiththeirhusbands.本句運用了動詞不定式，對其次段進(jìn)行了概括，表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)、高級。Writing6（2024·上海嘉定區(qū)·高三一模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TaiChiCanReduceFallsinOldPeopleOldpeoplewhotookpartinastructuredprogrammeofTaiChifoundthattheirbalanceandphysicalstrengthimproved,reducingtheriskoffalls,accordingtoapaperinthelatestJournalofAdvancedNursing.Researchersstudiedagroupoffall-prone(易摔跤的)adults,withanaverageageof78,livinginresidentialcare.29peopleundertooka12-weekTaiChiprogrammeandtheother30formedthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.Theexerciseprogrammeconsistedof10minutesofwarming-upexercises,20minutesofSun-styleTaiChimovementand5minutesofcoolingdownexercises.Duringtheexercise,traditionalinstrumentalmusicwasused.Ithelpedthegroupmaintainslowandcontinuousmovementsandprovideacomfortingeffect.Bothgroupsunderwentaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthe12-weekexerciseprogramme.Theymeasuredtheirmusclestrength,balanceandconfidenceinavoidingfalls.Researchersanalyzedthedataandcomparedthemwiththoseofthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.Theyfoundthatthephysicalfitnessoftheexercisegroupshowedsignificantimprovement,withstrongerkneeandanklemuscles,improvedflexibilityandbetterbalance.TaiChi,anancientChinesemartialart(武術(shù)),consistsofaseriesofslow,gentle,continuousmovements.Itisparticularlysuitableforoldpeopleasithelpsthemtodevelopstrongermusclesandbetterbalanceandconcentration.“Ourstudyshowsthatlow-intensityexercisesuchasTaiChihasgreatpotentialforhealthpromotion.Itcanhelpoldpeopletoavoidfallsbydevelopingtheirbalance,musclestrengthandconfidence,”saysProfessorSong.“Webelievethatregularexerciseshouldbeafundamentalpartofcaringforoldpeoplelivingbothinthecommunityandinresidentialcare.”【答案】AstructuredTaiChiprogramcanhelpoldpeopleavoidfalls.Researchersdivided59fall-proneadultsaged78onaverageintotwogroups.Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹說，練習(xí)太極拳可以幫助老年人避開跌倒。在一項探討中，探討人員將平均年齡為78歲的老人分為兩組，一組參與為期12周的太極拳熬煉，另一組不參與。探討結(jié)果表明，參與太極拳熬煉的那一組在肌肉、柔韌性和平衡方面有顯著改善。探討人員建議老年人應(yīng)當(dāng)練習(xí)太極來促進(jìn)健康。【詳解】1.要點摘錄①OldpeoplewhotookpartinastructuredprogrammeofTaiChifoundthattheirbalanceandphysicalstrengthimproved,reducingtheriskoffalls.②Researchersstudiedagroupoffall-prone(易摔跤的)adults,withanaverageageof78,livinginresidentialcare.③29peopleundertooka12-weekTaiChiprogrammeandtheother30formedthenon-exercisecontrolgroup.④Theyfoundthatthephysicalfitnessoftheexercisegroupshowedsignificantimprovement,withstrongerkneeandanklemuscles,improvedflexibilityandbetterbalance.⑤Ourstudyshowsthatlow-intensityexercisesuchasTaiChihasgreatpotentialforhealthpromotion.⑥Webelievethatregularexerciseshouldbeafundamentalpartofcaringforoldpeoplelivingbothinthecommunityandinresidentialcare.2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、4兩個要點進(jìn)行重組，將第2、3兩個要點進(jìn)行整合，第5、6兩個要點進(jìn)行整合3.遣詞造句①AstructuredTaiChiprogramcanhelpoldpeopleavoidfalls.②Researchersdivided59fall-proneadultsaged78onaverageintotwogroups.③Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.④ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.【點睛】[高分句型1]Theexercisegroupreceiving12-weekTaiChiprogramsshowedremarkableimprovementinmuscles,flexibilityandbalancecomparedwiththenon-exercisegroup.合理運用了非謂語動詞，運用現(xiàn)在分詞receiving12-weekTaiChiprograms作定語修飾group，對原文第三段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括。[高分句型2]ResearcherssuggestoldpeopleshouldpracticeTaiChitopromotehealth.運用一個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（that省略）對原文第四段內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括。Writing7（2024·上海市建平中學(xué)高三期中）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.UseyourownwordsasfaraspossibleIsrentingclothesgreenerthanbuyingthem?Clothingrentalisahotnewindustryandretailersaredemandingtogetonboardinhopesofattractinggreenshoppers.Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentally-friendlythanbuyingit,andifso,howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineinvestigatedthisquestionandconcludedthatit’snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshipping,forexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented—receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Shewrites,“Anitemorderedonlineandthenreturnedcansendout20kilogramsofcarboneachway,andincreasesupto50kilogramsforrushshipping.Bycomparison,thecarbonimpactofapairofjeanspurchasedfromaphysicalstoreandwashedandwornathomeis33.4kilograms,accordingtoa2015studybyLevi’s.”Thenthere’stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit’sreturned,regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentalservices,thisusuallymeansdrycleaning,ahighimpactandpollutingprocess.AlltherentalservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene(氯乙烯),acarcinogenic(致癌的)airpollutantthatisstillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withhydrocarbonalternatives,althoughthesearen’tgreateither.Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentalserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit’ssoeasilyaccessible.There’ssomethingcalled“sharewashing”thatmakespeopleengageinmorewastefulbehaviorspreciselybecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisregardedasmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis,advertisedas“awaytoshareridesandlimitcarownership.”andyet“ithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicycling,andpublictransportationuse.”Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingtheminthedustbinafterafewwears,butweshouldn’tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeustoosatisfied.There’sanevenbetterstep—andthat’swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset.【答案】Despitearisingmarketforrentingclothes,someresearch