高一英語命題人：高一英語備課組審題人：高一英語備課組2024.11說明：本試卷共9頁，共120分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：聽力理解(共三節，21分)第一節(共4小題；每小題1分，共4分)聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。.1.Whatwillthetwospeakersdotogether?A.Signupforaclub.B.Meettheteacher.C.Haveastudygroup..2.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Atanairport.C.Inarestaurant.3.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shetakesthewrongbus.B.Shegetsoffatthewrongstop.C.Shegoestothewronghospital.4.Whatwillthespeakershavefordinner?A.Japanesefood.B.Mexicanfood.C.Chinesefood.第二節(共6小題；每小題1.5分，共9分)聽下面2段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第5段材料,回答第5至7題。5.Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A.Theunder14s.B.Theunder15s.C.Theunder16s.6.Howlongwillthemantraineachweek?A.1.5hours.B.3hours.C.4.5hours.7.Whatdoesthemanneedtodotojointheclub?A.Payforthetraining.B.Filloutaform.C.Takeafamilyphoto.聽第6段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whoisreceivingthemessage?A.David.B.Jackie.C.Jimmy.9.Whichistherightwaytotheparty?10.Whydoesthemanleavethismessage?A.Tomakeaninvitation.B.Toexpresshisexcitement.C.Toexplainthewaytotheparty.第三節(共4小題；每小題2分，共8分)聽下面…段獨白，完成第11至14四道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽獨白前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后，你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段獨白你將聽兩遍。AssignmentTaskAttenda(n)_____11__&writeaboutitPlace____12____Galleryat168,FairyStreetTimeThroughout____13_____ArtistRose___14____StyleRealisticImpressionism第二部分：知識運用(共兩節，30分)第一節完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。WhenIlookbackatthefirsthalfoftheyear,IamamazedbyhowmanychallengesIhavebeenthrough.Butthebiggestonewasdefinitelymyhighschoolgraduation15.WhenIfirstarrivedintheCzechRepublicfouryearsago,Iwasjustanormalexchange16whospokeonlyEnglish.Thenattheendoftheyear-longexchangeprogram,Icameupwiththeideaof17myhighschoolstudiesthere.Atthattime,Iwasonly16anddelightedbymynewfuture,butIdidn'trealizethe18ofcompletingschoolintheCzechlanguage,whichisconsideredtobeoneofthemost19languagesintheworld.AsI20knowledgeofcertainsubjects,IreceivedtheworstmarksandpeoplearoundmedoubtedwhetherIcouldgraduate.However,Ipracticedallthetime.Gradually,Icouldcommunicatewithothersfluently,andmy21grew.Thefinalexamdaycame.Thinkingabouteveryonewhohadhelpedandsupportedmealongmyjourney,Ifelt、…22andconfident.InMay,IreceivednoticethatIhad23theexam.Atmygraduationceremony,myCzechteachersaidveryproudlyinfrontofeveryone:“Onestudent,sheisfromChina,withonlythreeyearsoflearningCzech.She24.Sheshouldhaveagoldenfolderforthecertification.”Myjourneythroughhighschoolwasfinallyfinished,thoughthejourneyofuniversityisjustabouttobegin.IthinkIamready!.15.A.speechB.examC.tripD.ceremony.16.A.teacherB.expertC.engineerD.student17.A.finishingB.quittingC.examiningD.preparing18.A.valueB.abilityC.challengeD.benefit19.A.beautifulB.difficultC.commonD.popular20.A.lackedB.gainedC.increasedD.pursued21.A.desireB.fearC.confidenceD.burden22.A.botheredB.troubledC.ashamedD.encouraged23.A.passedB.failedC.avoidedD.missed.24.A.gotawayB.brokedownC.madeitD.calmeddown第二節語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Inspiredbysomewonderfulteachersfromsmallvillages,ZhangTian25(apply)tobeavolunteerteacherinavillageschoolinGuizhouprovinceaftergraduation.Althoughlifetherewasmore26(challenge)thanhehadthought,hefoundwaystomakestudentsschoollifehealthierandmoreattractive.Besidesteaching,healsomadecontributionsto(help)thevillagersselllocalproductsonline.Nowthevillageislikehissecondhome.BInthelastsevendaysI28(see)thepressurethattheNHS(NationalHealthService)isunder.Ihaveseenthepersonalcouragenotjustofthedoctorsandnursesbutofeveryone,thecleaners,thecooks,thehealthcareworkersofeverydescription—physios,radiographers——29havekeptcomingtowork,keptputtingthemselvesinharm'sway,andkeptriskingthisdeadlyvirus.Itisdue30thecourage,thedevotion,thedutyandthelovethatourNHShasbeenunbeatable.CInourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“mastery”—feelingimportantandworthwhile—andthesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“pleasure”—findinglifeenjoyable—31(be)notalwaysthesame.Womenoftenaretold“Youcan'thaveitall.”Sometimesthespeakerreallyissayingis:“Youchooseacareer,soyoucan'texpect33(have)closerrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife.”Or“Youhaveawonderfulhusbandand(child)—what'sallthisaboutwantingacareer?”Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being(幸福),iftheyaretofeelgoodaboutthemselves.第三部分：閱讀理解(共兩節，34分)第一節(共12小題；每小題2分，共24分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AThe

Education

Outreach

Section

of

the

United

Nations

Department

of

PublicInformation

invites

youngpeoplefromaround

the

worldbetween

the

ages

of

15and24

to

submit

10-

to

15-second

videos

inEnglishonhow

the

SustainableDevelopmentGoalscanbuild

peace.Whenmakingyour

videos,thinkaboutwhyendingpoverty,addressingclimatechange,forgingequalityandensuringaccess

to

education

areimportant

to

creating

a

more

peaceful

world.The

mostengaging

videos

willbefeaturedon

the

United

Nations

International

Day

of

Peace

YouTubechannel.Somewillevenbeshownatanofficialeventat

United

Nations

HeadquartersinNewYorkon16September.Wewillbepostingselectedclipsat/channelfrom13June(the

start

of

the

100-day

countdown)through21September,

the

International

Day

of

Peace.Whenyoumakeyour

video,pleasestateyournameandcountryat

the

beginning.Andrememberthatall

videos

shouldbeappropriate

for

youngeraudiences.We’llbeacceptingyoursubmissionsfromnowuntil1September.Sostartsendingyour

videos

to

unitednationspeaceday@

today!Background:

The

International

Day

of

Peace

fallson21September.

The

GeneralAssemblyhasdeclaredthisas

a

day

devoted

to

strengthening

the

ideals

of

peace,bothwithinandamongall

nations

andpeoples.Everyyearonthis

day,

the

United

Nations

callson

the

people

of

the

world

to

remembertheircommonhumanityandjointogether

to

build

a

futurefree

of

conflicts.

The

theme

for

thisyear,“The

SustainableDevelopmentGoals:BuildingBlocks

for

Peace”,highlightshowendingpoverty,protecting

the

planetandensuringprosperity

for

everyoneallcontribute

to

globalharmony.

The

SustainableGoalscover

a

broadrange

of

issues,includingpoverty,hunger,health,

education,climatechange,genderequality,water,sanitation,energy,environmentandsocialjustice.Moreinformationon

the

International

Day

of

Peace

and

the

SustainableDevelopmentGoals:/en/events/peaceday.35.Participantsshould.A.submitthevideosnolaterthanlSeptemberB.comeupwithsolutionstoglobalproblemsC.uploadclipsontotheappointedwebsiteD.beatleasttwenty-fouryearsold36.Whatmightbetheproperwordstostartthevideo?A.MynameisJimena,andI'mfromPeru.B.Hello,I'dliketointroducetheeventfirst.C.TodayIwanttosaysomethingtoyoungaudiences.D.Whatisthekeytocreatingamorepeacefulworld?37.Oncechosen,thevideowillbe.A.filmedontheInternationalDayofPeaceB.shownatthetheaterinNewYorkC.postedonthewebforoneyearD.putonaYouTubechannel38.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheactivity?A.TopopularizetheInternationalDayofPeaceamongtheyouth.B.Todrawattentiontotheeducationofthenextgeneration.C.Toraiseyoungpeople'sconcernaboutworldpeace.D.Tocollectvideomaterialsforthewebsites.BOlympicathletespoureverythingintotrainingfortheGames,routinelypushingtheirphysicalandmentalboundstothelimit——andbeyond——forashotatagoldmedal.Butgettingintoshapeforwhatcomesaftertheclosingceremonycanbeequallycrucial,especiallyiftheendoftheGamesalsomeanstheendofprofessionalcompetition.TeamUSArowerKateKnighton,afirst-timeOlympianatthe2024SummerGamesinParis,understandsthementalstressthatasuddenexitfromthehighestlevelsofcompetitivelifecanbring.In2022sheexperiencedanearcareer-endingspine(脊椎)injury.Manystudieshavefoundthattopathletes—professional,collegeandOlympic—oftenfacearangeofshort-andlong-termmentalhealthissues,includingexhaustion,eatingissues,anxietyanddepression.Emotionsareheightenedbythenatureoftheeventitself.TheOlympicsisamassiveculturalevent—acombinationofglobalpublicattention,financialinvestmentandmediacoverage.Newinternationalcelebritiesarecreated,andsomecompetitors’reputationsareruinedduringvariouscomplaints.Athletesareunderthepressureofrepresentingtheircountryandwinningmedalsinfrontofworldwideaudience.“ButthenallofthatpublicityandintensityaroundbeinganOlympianfallsoffveryquickly,”saysCogan,aleadsportpsychologist.Painfuldecisionscanfollow:DoIwanttokeepcompeting?ShouldIpursueacompletelydifferentdirectionoroccupation?Suchquestionscanbeevenmoreanxiety-causingifathleteshaveinjuriesandneedsurgeryorrecovery,Cogansays.It'smoreaboutmakingamapofhowtogettoadestination.Onceyougetthere,it'slike,“Nowwhat?”A2023paperexplainedtheidentitycrisesathletesfaceasaresultofoverfocusonperformance,leavingtheirnon-sportingpersonalitiesunderdeveloped.Ina2018paper,Howellswrotethatathleteswithagreater“myopic”focusaremoreatriskofthe“blues”.“Itiscommonfortopcompetitorstohavethisveryhighathleticidentity,”saysHowells.“They’vesacrificed(犧牲)everyotheraspectoftheiridentityforthepurposeofbeinganOlympian.Theyseemunabletorealizethattheiractionsmighthavenegativeconsequencesinthefuture.”Effortstominimizethismindsethavehelpedsomeathletestoopenupmoreabouttheirmentalhealth.ExpertsadviseOlympianstostartconversationsaboutmentalhealthsupportwellbeforetheGamesbegin.Olympiansshouldalsodiscussmentalhealthmonitoringstrategiesbefore,duringandaftertheGames.Athletesandexpertssaythesportingindustryhas,inthelastdecade,beenpromotingbetterwork-lifebalanceoutsideofthegame,whichtheythinkisthekeytoapproachingtheissue.Briana,asoccergoalkeeper,saysthatherteamandcoachesactivelyencouragespendingqualitytimewithfamiliesandsignificantothers,aswellasfindinghobbiesthatfeeljoyfulandrewarding.39.WhatisthemaincauseforOlympicathletes'mentalbreakdown?A.Asenseofloss.B.Themediacoverage.C.Theaudience'sattention.D.Thepressureofcompetition.40.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“myopic”inParagraph3mean?A.improper.B.short-sighted.C.imbalanced.D.narrow-minded.41.Whatmightbeafundamentalsolutiontotheathletes'identitycrisis?A.Adoptingmentalhealthmonitoringstrategics.B.Discussingtheirproblemsopenlyandpublicly.C.Developingasenseofidentitybeyondthesport.D.Adjustingtheirmindsetofsacrificingthemselves.42.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.OlympicAthletesSufferingfromStressB.FromBadtoWorse:Athletes’Well-beingC.AthletesAdaptingtoPost-OlympicPeriodD.FromHerotoZero:thePost-OlympicBluesCAlzheimer’sAIAbout5.7millionpeopleintheU.S.haveAlzheimer'sdisease—themostcommontypeofdementia(癡呆)—andthatnumberisexpectedtomorethandoubleby2050.Earlydiagnosis(診斷)iscrucialforpatientstobenefitfromthefewtherapies(療法)available.Butnoscanscandeliveraconclusivediagnosiswhileapersonisalive;insteaddoctorshavetoconductnumerousanddifficultclinicalandneuropsychologicaltests.SothereisgrowinginterestindevelopingartificialintelligencetoidentifyAlzheimer'sbasedonbrainimaging.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,havenowsuccessfullytrainedanAlalgorithm(算法)torecognizeoneoftheearlysignsofAlzheimer’s——areductioninthebrain’sglucose(葡萄糖)consumption(消耗)—inpositronemissiontomography(PET)imaging.ThealgorithmaccuratelypredictedaneventualAlzhcimer'sdiagnosisinnearlyallthetestcases,accordingtothestudy.InPETimaging,averysmallamountofaradioactivecompoundareaddedintothebody,producingthree-dimensionalimagesofmetabolism(新陳代謝),circulationandothercellular(細胞的)activities.PETiswellsuitedforanAIdiagnostictoolbecauseAlzheimer'sleadstosmallchangesinthebrain'smetabolismthatbeginyearsbeforeneural(神經的)tissuestartstogodownhill,saysstudyco-authorJaeHoSohn,aradiologistatUCSF.Thesechangesare“veryhardforradiologiststopickup,”henotes.Thealgorithmwastrainedandtestedon2,100PETbrainimagesfromabout1,000people55yearsandolder.Theimagescamefroma12-yearstudythattrackedpeoplewhowouldeventuallybediagnosedwithAlzheimer's,aswellasthosewithmildmemorydeclinesandhealthycontrolparticipants.Thealgorithmwastrainedon90percentofthedataandtestedontheremaining10percent.Itwasthenretestedonasecond,independentdatasetfrom40patientsmonitoredfor10years.Thealgorithmwashighlysensitiveandwasabletorecognize81percentofthepatientsinthefirsttestgroupand100percentinthesecondwhowouldbediagnosedwithAlzheimer'ssixyearslater,onaverage.ThefindingswerepublishedinFebruaryinRadiology.Thealgorithmisbasedon“deeplearning”,amachine-learningtechniquethatusesartificialneuralnetworksprogrammedtolearnfromexamples.“Thisisoneofthefirstpromising,preliminary(初步的)applicationsofdeeplearningtothediagnosisofAlzheimer’s,”saysChristianSalvatore,aphysicistatItaly'sNationalResearchCouncil,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Themodelperformsverywellwhenidentifyingpatientswithmildorlatediagnoses”,hesays,“butcatchingitintheearlieststagesremainsoneofthemostcriticalopenissuesinthisfield.”43.PeopleareincreasinglyinterestedinusingAItorecognizeAlzheimer'sbecause.A.thereareonlyalimitednumberofeffectivetherapiesforthepatientsB.thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromdementiaismorethandoublingC.diagnosticmethodswhicharebothreliableandconvenientareinneedD.diagnosingAlzheimer'sdiseasethroughAIisstillanundiscoveredarea44.WhatcanwelearnaboutPETimaging?A.Itrecognizestheworseningoftheneuraltissue.B.Itreducestheglucoseconsumptioninthebrain.C.Itchangesthepatternofthebrain'smetabolism.D.Itphotographsvariouskindsofcellularactivities.45.AccordingtoParagraph4,.A.thealgorithmmanagedtorecognizeallthepatientsinthesecondtestgroupB.81%ofthepeopleinthefirsttestgroupwerediagnosedwithAlzheimer’sC.theparticipantsinthestudyconsistofpeoplebothyoungandoldD.90%ofthepeopleinthestudyweretrainedonthealgorithm46.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph5?A.WhethertousethemodeltoexamineAlzheimer'sremainsacriticalissue.B.ToexamineAlzheimer'sinitscurlieststagescallsformoreexploration.C.DeeplearninghasbeenwidelyappliedindiagnosingAlzhcimer's.D.ThealgorithmservesasapromisingtreatmentofAlzheimer’s.第二節(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouneededanotherexcusetograbanothercupofcoffee,considerthisresearchanapprovaltodoso.Ananalysisof12studieslookedatnearly350,000individualsandmorethan8,000casesofsadness.47InChina,researchersanalyzed15studieswithmorethan330,000totalparticipants.Theirresultsshowedthatforeverycupofcoffeepeopledrank,theyreducedtheirriskofsadnessby8percent.48Harvardresearchersstudied10years'worthofdatafrom51,000women,noneofwhomhadsadnesstobeginwith.Theresultsshowedthatthewomenwhodrankthemostcoffee(fourormorecupsaday)were20percentlesslikelytodevelopsadnessthanthosewhodranklittleornone.Yes,coffeejustgotmoremagicalthanyouthoughtpossible.Butwhyisthis?49Coffeecontainschlorogenicacid,ferulicacid,andcaffeicacid,allofwhichreducetheinflammationofnervecells(神經細胞)thatbringonsadness.Caffeinealsohassomeantioxidantcharacteristics,whichcanhelprelieveinflamedareasofthebrain.50Somesideeffectsofaheavycaffeineintakeincludeanxiety,headaches,restlessness,andincreasedbloodpressure.Ifthebodyexperiencesthesetoooften,itcouldactuallyraisetheleveloftheinflammationthatmaycontributetosadness.Oncethecaffeinewearsoff,coffeedrinkersmayexperienceadropinmood.Oneinterestingstudyfoundthatdrinkingmorecoffeedecreasedchancesofself-murder,untilparticipantsdrankei