Unit

3

On

the

moveStarting

out

&

Understanding

ideas1.represent

v.代表；表示；描述；描繪；意味著＊representation

n.代表；描述；表現

＊representative

n.代表

adj.典型的；有代表性的（P26）Talk

about

what

you

think

these

things

represent

in

a

football

game.

談談你認為這些東西在足球比賽中代表什么。拓展represent...as...

把……描繪成……represent

oneself

as/to

be

自稱是……represent

sth

to

sb

向某人說明/傳達某事make

representations

to...

與……交涉;向……提出抗議

單句填空（1）In

Western

countries,

the

“V”

sign

often

__________

（represent）

victory.represents（2）Five

______________

（represent）

from

our

city

won

the

final

in

this

international

debate.representatives（3）This

indicates

that

there

is

a

certain

way

in

which

quantity

_____________

（represent）

in

their

brains.is

represented2.basis

n.基礎；根據；原因；緣由＊base

n.基礎；基地

vt.以……為基礎＊basic

adj.基礎的（P26）That

football

is

such

a

simple

game

to

play

is

perhaps

the

basis

of

its

popularity.足球是一項非常簡單的運動，這也許是它受歡迎的原因。拓展on

the

basis

+

that從句

因為……on

the

basis

of

以……為基礎;在……的基礎上;由于……base...on...

把……作為……的基礎be

based

on/upon

以……為基礎/依據佳句She

was

chosen

for

the

job

on

the

basis

of

her

qualifications.

她因資歷適合而被選為從事這項工作。As

we

all

know,

most

ratings

are

based

on

others'

judgments.

眾所周知，大部分排名都是以別人的判斷為基礎的。單句填空（1）A

good

marriage

is

____the

basis

of

trust.on（2）One

should

always

base

his/her

opinion

____

facts.on（3）In

my

diary，I

set

down

a

series

of

things

that

are

______（base）

on

facts.based（4）One

way

to

understand

thousands

of

new

words

is

to

gain

a

good

knowledge

of

______

（base）

word

formation.basic3.

equipment

n.設備；裝備；配備

＊equip

vt.裝備（P26）You

don't

need

expensive

equipment;

even

the

ball

doesn't

have

to

cost

much

money.你不需要昂貴的設備，甚至也不需要花很多錢在買球上。拓展a

piece/set

of

equipment

一件/套設備equip...with...

用……裝備……be

equipped

with

裝備有……；配有……佳句Students

now

enjoy

using

the

exercise

equipment

for

working

out.

現在的學生喜歡使用健身器材來鍛煉。The

laboratory

is

equipped

with

the

most

advanced

equipment.這個實驗室配有最先進的設備。點撥（1）equip的過去式、過去分詞以及現在分詞都要雙寫p，再加-ed或-ing,它們分別為equipped、equipped、equipping。（2）equipment為不可數名詞，若要表示一件或幾件設備，可借助單位詞piece或item。Ⅰ.單句填空（1）As

students，we

should

equip

ourselves

_____

knowledge.with（2）The

course

is

designed

_________（equip）

students

for

a

career

in

nursing.to

equip（3）I

have

been

busy

repairing

all

the

broken

office

__________（equip）

these

days.equipmentⅡ.單句寫作（4）Our

school

__________________________________

which

is

made

by

domestic

companies.我們學校配備了國內公司制造的先進設備。is

equipped

with

advanced

equipment4.content

n.滿意；滿足；內容；目錄

vt.使滿足

adj.滿意的（P26）All

over

the

world

you

can

see

kids

playing

to

their

hearts'

content

with

a

ball

made

of

plastic

bags;

just

like

Pelé

did

when

he

was

a

boy.

在世界各地你都可以看到孩子們正盡情地玩著一個用塑料袋做成的球，就像貝利小時候那樣。拓展be

content

to

do

sth

=

be

willing/ready

to

do

sth

樂意做某事be

content

with

對……滿意/滿足content

oneself

with

sth

滿足于……;對……感到滿意佳句You

can

get

a

brief

idea

of

a

book

from

the

table

of

contents.

你可以從目錄頁了解一本書的大致內容。We

should

never

content

ourselves

with

book

knowledge

only.

我們永遠不要僅僅滿足于書本知識。點撥（1）表示“對……滿意”的常用短語有be

content

with、be

pleased

with、be

satisfied

with、be

happy

with等。（2）content

作“內容;目錄”講時,常用復數形式;作“容量”講時則用單數形式,通常用于名詞后。單句填空（1）I

think

those

who

are

not

content_____

the

progress

they

have

made

will

have

greater

success.with（2）My

friend

is

quite

content

_____

his

new

job.with（3）That

rich

man

is

tired

of

city

life，

so

he

is

content

_______（live）

in

the

country.to

live5.

defend

v.防守；防衛；辯護；保衛；防御

＊defence

n.防御；保衛

＊defensive

adj.保護的；防守的（P26）...how

they

use

their

bodies

to

pass,

score

and

defend

can

be

amazing

to

see

...……光是看他們如何利用身體傳球、得分和防守就很令人驚異了……拓展defend

sb/sth

from...

保護某人或某物免遭……defend

sb/sth

against...

保衛某人或某物以抵御……in

defence

of

保護;為……辯護佳句The

three

sheep

worked

together

to

defend

themselves

against

the

wolf.

這三只小羊齊心協力來抵御大灰狼的攻擊。The

woman

rushed

there

in

defence

of

her

children.

這個女人沖過去保護自己的孩子們。單句填空（1）Hundreds

of

people

gave

their

lives

in

________

（defend）

of

freedom.defence（2）When

he

was

in

danger，two

friends

came

to

his

________（defend）.defence（3）More

and

more

women

today

have

learned

to

arise

___

defence

of

their

legal

rights.in6.

conflict

n.武裝沖突；戰斗；戰爭；沖突；矛盾

v.矛盾；沖突；抵觸（P27）...one

moment

of

peace

to

remember

during

years

of

conflict.……這是多年沖突中值得紀念的和平時刻。拓展armed/military

conflict

武裝/軍事沖突come

into

conflict

with

與……發生沖突in

conflict

with

與……相沖突conflict

with

與……發生沖突佳句She

found

herself

in

conflict

with

her

parents

over

her

future

career.

她發現自己在將來擇業的問題上與父母存在著分歧。He

is

so

cautious

that

he

tries

not

to

conflict

with

the

new

colleague.

他很謹慎，盡量避免與新來的同事發生沖突。單句填空（1）She

often

comes

_____

conflict

with

her

mother-in-law.into（2）She

found

herself

___

conflict

with

her

partner

over

the

project.in（3）If

so，

your

points

of

view

are

bound

to

conflict

_____

his.with7.

go

back

回去；追溯（P26）The

history

of

the

game

goes

back

over

two

thousand

years

to

Ancient

China.

這項運動的歷史可以追溯到兩千多年前的古代中國。拓展go

through

經歷；通過；仔細檢查；用完go

by

（時間）流逝；遵循go

after

追求；追趕go

against

反對；違背date

back

（接時間段）追溯到；回溯至date

back

to

（接時間點）追溯到；從……開始有date

from

始于；起源于佳句During

the

Spring

Festival,

people

go

back

home

for

a

reunion.

春節期間，人們回家團聚。I

always

start

the

day

by

going

through

my

emails.

我總是以檢查電子郵件開始新的一天。單句寫作（1）It's

a

tradition

that

____________________

（追溯到）

at

least

100

years.goes

back/dates

back（2）Paper

cuts

of

animals

have

been

found

in

tombs

which

_______________________________

（追溯到）

the

time

of

the

Northern

and

Southern

Dynasties.go

back

to/date

back

to/date

from8.

break

down

出故障；拋錨；打破；失敗；垮掉；分解（P27）It

breaks

down

walls

and

brings

people

together

on

and

off

the

field.

它能打破壁壘，把場上和場下的人們聚集在一起。拓展break

away

（from）

掙脫（束縛）;脫離break

out

突然發生;爆發break

up

分手；結束;解散;破裂break

the

record

打破紀錄break

one's

word

違背諾言;食言佳句The

car

broke

down

on

the

way

to

the

cinema,

so

a

quarrel

broke

out.

The

girl

wanted

to

break

up

with

the

boy,

but

he

made

an

apology,

which

restored

their

good

relations.

車在去電影院的路上拋錨了，所以發生了爭吵。女孩想和男孩分手，但男孩道了歉，這使他們和好了。寫出下列句子中break

down的漢語意思（1）The

car

broke

down

on

the

way

to

the

airport.______拋錨（2）The

peace

talks

broke

down

with

no

agreement

reached.______失敗（3）Your

health

will

break

down

if

you

work

too

hard.______垮掉（4）Plastic

bags

are

difficult

to

break

down.______分解9.

put

down

放下；記下；鎮壓（P27）World

WarⅠhad

broken

out

months

before，but

British

and

German

soldiers

put

down

their

guns

and

played

football

together...當時，第一次世界大戰在幾個月前就爆發了，但是英國和德國的士兵放下了他們的槍，然后一起踢足球……拓展put

away

把……收起來;儲存put

out

熄滅;撲滅;出版;伸出put

off

推遲;延期put

up

舉起;張貼;建造put

up

with

忍受佳句The

waitress

whipped

the

plate

away

and

put

down

my

bill.

服務員把盤子撤走，放下了我的賬單。No

matter

who

knows

the

answer,

please

put

up

your

hand.

無論是誰知道答案，請舉起你的手。單句填空（1）Don't

put

____

what

can

be

done

today

till

tomorrow.off（2）Put

______

the

tools

after

work,

will

you?away（3）Smoking

is

forbidden

here.

Please

put

your

cigarette

____.out（4）Mary

is

really

good

at

taking

notes

in

class.

She

can

put

______

almost

every

word

her

teacher

says.down10.

a

matter

of

關乎……的事情（P27）“Some

people

believe

football

is

a

matter

of

life

and

death,

...”said

Bill

Shankly,

the

famous

footballer

and

manager.“有些人認為足球是生死攸關的事情，……”著名足球運動員兼教練比爾·香克利說。拓展a

matter

of

opinion

看法（不同的）問題;見仁見智as

a

matter

of

fact

事實上as

a

matter

of

interest

出于興趣to

make

matters

worse

更糟的是佳句In

the

final

analysis,

it's

a

matter

of

personal

choice.歸根結底，這是個人的選擇。It's

only

a

matter

of

time

before

they

bring

out

their

own

version

of

software.他們推出自己的軟件只是時間問題。單句填空（1）____

a

matter

of

fact,

I

know

nothing

about

this

book.As（2）I

lost

my

way

in

the

forest,

and

to

make

matters

_______（bad）,

it

became

dark.worse（3）Whether

or

not

he

is

any

good

as

a

manager

is

___

matter

of

opinion.a知識拓展句中的Given

that

引導條件狀語從句。given

that引導的從句表示一個真實的條件，其從句謂語動詞用陳述語氣。given

that意為“考慮到……；鑒于……”。引導條件狀語從句的常用詞還有if、unless、as/so

long

as、in

case、on

condition

that、supposing

（that）、suppose

（that）、providing

（that）、provided

（that）等。Given

that

he

doesn't

agree

to

do

it,

we

shall

do

it

alone.

鑒于他不同意，我們將要自己干。This

project

requires

close

teamwork.

Nothing

will

be

achieved

unless

we

work

well

together.

這個項目要求緊密的團隊協作，如果大家不能很好地合作，那么什么成果都不會取得。11.

see+賓語+賓語補足語（P26）All

over

the

world

you

can

see

kids

playing

to

their

hearts'

content

with

a

ball

made

of

plastic

bags;

just

like

Pelé

did

when

he

was

a

boy.在世界各地你都可以看到孩子們正盡情地玩著一個用塑料袋做成的球，就像貝利小時候那樣。拓展句中的see

kids

playing為“see+賓語+賓語補足語”結構,表示“看見某人正在做某事”。（1）“感官動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”的常見形式：動詞不定式（省略to）動詞-ing形式動詞-ed形式（2）常見的感官動詞（短語）：see、watch、observe、look

at、notice、hear、listen

to、feel。感官動詞+賓語+點撥若賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，

在變成被動語態時要加上to。若賓語補足語是動詞-ing形式，

在變成被動語態時仍然保留動詞-ing形式，

但此時的動詞-ing形式作主語補足語。單句寫作（1）I

saw

them

_________________

on

the

playground.

我看到他們正在操場上打籃球。playing

basketball（2）I

often

hear

him

___________.

Today

when

I

passed

by

his

house,

I

heard

him

_________________________________.

我經常聽到他唱歌。今天，當我經過他的房子時，我聽到他正在唱一首非常流行的英文歌。sing

songssinging

a

very

popular

English

song（3）The

manager

would

like

to

see

his

plan

___________

as

soon

as

possible.

經理希望看到他的計劃盡快被執行。carried

out（4）He

was

seen

________

the

hall.

有人看見他進入了大廳。to

enterⅠ.單句填空1._________

（equip）

with

some

tools，the

farmers

walked

into

the

mountain.Equipped2.Mr

Smith

and

his

wife

broke

____

two

years

ago

because

they

had

quarreled

a

lot

before

that.up3.You

must

cut

out

some

of

the

________

（content）

of

the

document.contents4.She

stepped

back,

appearing

surprised,

and

put

up

her

hands

as

if

in

________

（defend）.defence5.The

thieves

broke

_____

the

bank

and

stole

a

lot

of

money.into6.When

she

turned

around，she

saw

someone

_______

（stare）

at

her.staring7.Cycling

is

highly

__________

（benefit）

to

health

and

the

environment.beneficial即時檢測Ⅰ.詞義匹配A.n.士兵;軍人B.n.武裝沖突;戰斗;戰爭C.n.沖浪（運動）D.n.球門E.v.（在比賽中）防守;防衛F.adj.塑料制的1.surfing(

)

C2.goal(

)

D3.plastic(

)

F4.defend(

)

E5.soldier(

)

A6.conflict(

)

B即時檢測A.n.顯示器B.v.說服;勸服C.v.包含;需要D.v.記錄;跟蹤（變化或進展）E.v.監視;監測F.v.理解;了解;解釋G.adj.理想的;最好的H.adj.（目標等）最終的I.adj.（位置）較上的;較高的;上面的J.adj.可用的;可獲得的1.chart(

)

D2.ideal(

)

G3.display(

)

A4.monitor(

)

E5.available(

)

J6.upper(

)

I7.involve(

)

C8.interpret(

)

F9.persuade(

)

B10.ultimate(

)

H即時檢測Ⅱ.拓展單詞1._________v.代表;表示→_____________n.代表representrepresentative2.______

n.基礎;根據→_____n.根基;基底

v.以……為據點（或總部等）→______adj.基本的;基礎的basisbasebasic3.__________

n.裝備;設備;用具→______v.裝備;配備equipmentequip4._______

v.（在比賽中）防守;防衛→________n.防御;防守;辯護defenddefence5.______

adj.（位置）較上的;較高的;上面的→（反義詞）______adj.較低的upperlower即時檢測6._________

n.回答;答復→________v.回答;響應responserespond7._______

n.力量→_________adj.有權勢的;強有力的powerpowerful8._________

v.消失;不見→（反義詞）_______v.出現;顯現disappearappear9._______

adj.滿是汗的;被汗水濕透的→______n.汗

v.出汗sweatysweat10._______

v.鼓舞;激勵→__________n.靈感;妙計inspireinspiration即時檢測1.________回去;追溯go

back2.___

one's

heart's

content盡情地;心滿意足地to3.end

_____

以……結束;以……結尾with4.______

down損壞;出故障;分解break5.what's

more_____________________而且;另外;更重要的是6.die

out_______________消失;絕跡;滅絕即時檢測Ⅱ.選詞填空go

back；

be

known

as；

to

one's

heart's

content；

end

with；

what's

more；

break

down；

break

out；

put

down；

a

matter

of1.My

interest

in

stamp

collecting

__________

to

my

school

days.goes

back2.She

____________

a

successful

singer

and

composer.is

known

as3.The

quality

of

the

ambulance

service

is

___________

life

and

death.a

matter

of4.It's

a

useful

book.

____________，it's

not

an

expensive

one.What's

more即時檢測5.Not

long

after

his

return，a

local

war

__________

near

his

town.broke

out6.She

__________

the

phone，sighed，and

shook

her

head

sadly.put

down7.She

took

refuge

in

the

library，where

she

read

____________________.to

her

heart's

content8.The

lecture

___________

a

poem

by

an

ancient

Chinese

poet.ended

with9.Some

people

easily

____________

when

they

face

difficulties.break

down即時檢測Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.鑒于你堅持每天練習踢足球，你遲早會成為一名優秀的球員。（given

that）______________________________________________every

day,

you'll

sooner

or

later

become

an

excellent

player.Given

that

you

insist

on

practising

playing

football2.我們今天熟悉的炸薯條，事實上與法國沒有任何關系。（as...

know）French

fries,

_______________________,actually

have

nothing

to

do

with

France.as

we

know

them

today3.如果我有幸成為學生會主席，我將盡我的最大努力為學生服務。（enough）I

will

try

my

best

to

serve

the

students

if

________________________

president

of

the

student

union.I

am

lucky

enough

to

be即時檢測4.在巨大的學習壓力下如何保持健康是我們需要討論的一個重要話題。（how引導主語從句）________________________

under

the

great

pressure

of

learning

is

an

important

topic

for

us

to

discuss.How

we

can

keep

healthy5.看到那些瀕危的野生動物在自然保護區得到很好的保護，真是令人非