Unit4AmazingScience仁愛版英語九年級上冊Topic1.Whenwasitinvented?Warmingup—Pre-listening—While-listening—Post-listening—Exercises—SummaryisspokenbyShespeaksChinese.

isspokenbyHespeaksEnglish.EnglishEnglish.Hehim.ChineseChinese.Sheher.

被動語態(PassiveVoice)be+done主動語態：主語+動詞+賓語

被動語態：主語+be+過去分詞

+by+賓語Manypeopleusecomputers.Computers_____________by________________.Theworkersplanttreesinthegarden.Trees____________inthegarden____theworkers.areusedmanypeopleareplantedbyCanyoutry？Exercise1.Trees__________(water)inourschooleverythreedays.2.Thezoo___________(visit)bylotsofchildrenonweekends.3.AJourneytoWest________(show)onCCTVeverysummer.4.OnChristmasDay,childrenwakeupearlyandcan’twait______(open)theboxesofpresents.

5.We’llhaveachance_____(see)theflowershowthisweekend.toopenisshownarewateredtoseeisvisitedA:What’sthe

lock

madeof?B:It’smadeof

metal.A:What’situsedfor?B:It’susedfor

locking

thedoor.n.鎖v.（用鎖）鎖上，被鎖住2Followtheexampletomakeupsimilarconversations.lock/metalA:What’sthepaper

madefrom?B:It’s

madefrom

wood.A:What’situsedfor?B:It’susedfor

writingon.paper/woodcomputerdesk/woodchopsticks/bamboosweater/cottonwatch/metalbemadeof

由某種物質做成(看得出原材料，物理過程)bemadefrom

由某種物質制成(看不出原材料，化學過程)bemadeupof

由幾部分組成bemadein

在某地/某時制造bemadeby

由某人制造bemadeinto

被制成12LanguagepointsA.What’sitmadeof?B.It’smadeofmetal.A.Doyouknowwhatitisusedfor?B.

It’susedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.Wow!Amodelrocket!

1aListen,lookandsay.WhyisJaneunhappy?BecauseJanewasnotallowedtoplaycomputergameslastnight.

allowv.

允許1.allowsb.todosth.

允許某人做某事2.allowdoingsth.

允許做某事3.beallowedtodosth.

被允許做某事聚焦一般過去時的被動語態結構:助動詞(was/were)+及物動詞的過去分詞1.肯定句式：主語+was/were+v.-ed2.否定句式：主語+was/were+not+v.-ed3.一般疑問句式：Was/Were+主語+vt.-ed4.特殊疑問句式：疑問詞W/H+was/were+主語+v.-edE.g.Ane-mailwassenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday.

Ane-mailwasn’tsenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday.

Wasane-mailsenttoherfriendbyJaneyesterday?

Whowasthee-mailsenttobyJaneyesterday?Let’ssumuptogether.1cRead1aandanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.WhydidKankangaskJanenottospendtoomuchtimeoncomputergames?

It’sbadforherhealthifshespendstoomuchtimeonthem.tootiredheadachesoreeyes2.What’sarocketusedfor?

It’s

usedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.beusedfor被用來做beusedtodo被用來做beusedas被用作usedtodosth.過去常做beusedtodoingsth.習慣于做3.WhotaughtKangkangsomeknowledgeaboutspaceships?

Mr.Brown.4.

What’sKangkang’sdream?

Hewisheshecouldgointospace

someday.

someday某一天，總有一天(將來)e.g.IwishIcouldhavemyownhousesomeday.Ihopehisdreamwillcometrue.

cometrue變成真的,實現realize/achievemakesth.cometrue3a.Readagainandcompletethetable.

InventionItemlaptopcellphonedigitalcameraMaterialUsageYearcountryplasticplasticmetalandplasticstudy,workandplaycommunicatetakephotosaround19851973around1975JapanAmericaAmerica3bWorkinpairs.Askandanswerquestionsbasedonthetablein3awithpassivevoice.A:Whatisalaptopmadeof?B:Itismadeofplastic.

A:What’situsedfor?B:Itisusedforstudying.A:Whenandwherewasitdeveloped?B:

ItwasdevelopedinJapanin1985.Example:Focusonthemeaningincommunication.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.

II.Fillintheblankswiththerightpreposition.1.Thedeskismade_____wood.2.Theredwineismade_____grapes.3.Thisdeliciouscakewasmade___mymother.4.Glassesaremade___glass.5.Ourgroupismadeup___fourstudents.6.Thatkindofmachineismade_____Japan.ofinReviewoffromofbyinvent/America/in1946A:Wherewerecomputersinvented?B:TheywereinventedinAmerica.A:Whenwerecomputersinvented?B:Theywereinventedin1946.Lookandtalkaboutthepicture.MP3player1998Korealistentomusicmobilephone1973AmericacommunicateeasilyPleasechooseonetotalkabout.digitalcamera1975AmericatakephotosA:What’sthis?B:It’s…A:Whenwasitinvented?B:Itwasinventedin…A:Whoinventedit?

B:…1aLook,listenandsay.Whenwasitinvented?Whoinventedit?Look,alightbulb!In1897,ThomasEdison.1aListen,lookandsay

3aA.Listentotheconversationsandnumberthefollowingpictures.2313aB.Listenagainandcompletethetable.

InventionItemlaptopcellphonedigitalcameraMaterialUsageYearcountryplasticplasticmetalandplasticstudy,workandplaycommunicatetakephotosaround19851973around1975JapanAmericaAmerica1bListento1aandchoosethecorrectanswers.

()1.WhereareMichaelandJane? A.Inthesciencemuseum.B.Attheschoollibrary.C.Inthezoo.D.Inthepark.()2.Whichobjectisnotmentionedintheconversation? A.Lightbulb.B.Airplane.C.Television.D.Radio.AC1aLook,listenandsay.1cRead1aagainandfillintheblanks.

Whenyouwanttohaveaninvention,firstyoumustuseyour________.Thenyoushouldplananddesignit.Carefulplanningisvery_________intheinvention.Third,youshouldmakea_______drawingofyourinventionandmakeamodelofit.Ifyouwanttomakeyourinventionmoresuccessful,youmust______itagainandagain.Afterthat,you_______yourinvention.Last,rememberthatyoushould_______yourinventionwithothers.imaginationimportantdetailedtestnameshare1a

Readandunderstand.1cRead1aandcompletethetable.InventionInventorYearlightbulb

GuglielmoMarconi

1903radioairplaneThomasEdisonWilburandOrvilleWright18791895A:Whatarethese?B:…A:Whenweretheyproducedfirst?B:…A:Whatweretheymadeof?B:…Doyouknow?2Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenwords.

Thefirstjeanswereproducedin1855.Atthattime,they___________(notcall)jeansandtheywerejusthard-wearingpantsdesignedforworkers.Thepants_____________(make)ofthebrowncloth.Thiskindofcloth______usually________(use)formakingtents.Nowadays,theirmaterialshavebeenchangedsothatitfeelsmorecomfortable.Andmanydifferentjeansstyles_______also________(create).They___________(design)notonlyforworkersbutalsoforteenagersandwomen.Laterjeansarepopularallovertheworld.werenotcalledweremadewasusedarecreatedaredesignedA.KarlBenzC.AlexanderGrahamBellB.JohnBairdInventionInventorYeara.1926b.1876c.18853Listentothethreepassages.Matchthepictureswiththefollowinginformation.ExercisesidelynventedaidifferentidelynventedaididelynventedaidThelightbulbisw______usedbypeopleeverywhere.ThomasEdisoni_______thelightbulbin1879.It’ss______thatheinventedmorethantwothousandthingsduringhislife.TheairplanewasinventedbyWilburandOrvilleWrightin1903.It’sd______fromtoday’s.InventionInventorYearcarKarlBenz1885telephoneAlexanderGrahamBell1876TVJohnBaird1926ReviewA:Whenwasthecarinvented?B:Itwasinventedin1885.A:Whowasthecarinventedby?B:ItwasinventedbyKarlBenz.

Makedialogslikethis:Pairwork

Makeupdialogs

ShenzhouⅦlaunch/inChina/in2008PiratesoftheCaribbeandirect/byGoreVerbinski/in2006laptopinvent/inJapan/in1985Pairwork

Makeupdialogs

ShenzhouⅦlaunch/inChina/in2008PiratesoftheCaribbeandirect/byGoreVerbinski/in2006laptopinvent/inJapan/in1985Whatisan

invention?

inventionn.發明，創造

inventv.發明，創造

inventorn.發明者，發明家

Aninventionmaybeanewproductoranewwayofdoingthings.

Workingroupsanddiscussthequestionsbeforereading.Whatisan

invention?

inventionn.發明，創造

inventv.發明，創造

inventorn.發明者，發明家

Aninventionmaybeanewproductoranewwayofdoingthings.2.Listsomeinventionsthatyouknowandtheirinventors.computerlocktelevisionlightbulbchopstickscrayon…3.Doyouthinkyoucanbeaninventor?Why?Yes,inventingisinterestingandexcitingandeveryonecanbeaninventor.v.列清單，把…列表n.彩色鉛筆（粉筆，蠟筆）等Workingroupsanddiscussthequestionsbeforereading.inventioncrayonthoughtsillybrainstormevaluateredesigndetailed愚蠢的，傻的發明，創造彩色鉛筆想法，看法，主意集思廣益，動腦筋重新設計估值，評價，評估詳細的Matchthewordswiththeirmeanings.A.Drawyourinvention.B.Nameyourinvention.C.Testyourinvention.D.Useyourimagination.

E.Plananddesignyourinvention.

1bRead1aandputthesentencesinthecorrectplaces.

___Youcanhavewildandcrazy

thoughts.Rememberthatnoideaistoosilly.ManypeoplelaughedattheWrightbrothersandsaidtheywouldneverfly.Buttheyweren’tdiscouragedbywhatpeoplesaid.That’swhynowwehaveplanes.D想像力1bRead1aandputthesentencesinthecorrectplaces.

_______Carefulplanningisimportantintheinventionprocess.Thisisthetimetobrainstormforideasandtoevaluatethem._______Makeadetaileddrawingofyourinventionsootherswillunderstandhowyourinventionworks.Makeamodelofyourinvention._______Seeifyourinventionworksasitisplanned.Ifnot,domoreresearch,redesignit,andtestitagain._______Everyinventionneedsaname.Shareyourinventionswithothers.EACBCanyoulistit?

1.Aninvention–comeabout–solveaproblem–theresultof–crayons—noneof–bemadein–interesting,exciting–inventor–afewsimplesteps2.Useyourimagination–thought–silly–laughat–bediscouraged3.Plananddesignyourinvention–beimportantto–brainstorm–evaluate4.Drawyourinvention—makeadetaileddrawing5.Makeamodel6.Testyourinvention--domoreresearch7.Nameyourinvention8.Share…with

Retellit

2Discusswithyourpartnerwhichofthefollowingsarethetop3mostimportantinventionsandwhichistheleastimportantinvention.Thenexplainyourchoicetotheclass.

Example:Ithinkzeroisthemostimportantinvention.ItissaidthatitwasinventedbyanIndian.Itisaveryinterestingnumber.Forexample,Ihaveonlytenyuan.Ifyouaddfivezerosafteritforme,haha,Iwillbearichman.

3Doyouknowhowtobeaninventor?Doyouwanttoinventsomething?Writeapassageaboutyourinvention.Thefollowingquestionsmayhelpyou.

1.Howdoyoucometotheideaofyourinvention?2.Whatdoesitlooklike?3.Whatisitmadeof/from?4.What’situsedfor?5.Whatareyougoingtonameit?Beforewriting,thinkmoreclearlyandtellaboutthelooks,uses,advantagesanddisadvantagesofanobject.

Myinventionisarobot.Itiscalled“Superman”.Thereisacomputerinsideitsbody.Itlookslikeatiger.Whenyouseeitforthefirsttime,youmaybefrightened.Infact,itisgentleandpolite.Itcanhelpusdohousework,suchascleaningaroom,washingdishes,andmakingthebed.Whentheroomisdirty,itwillbegintoworkatonce.Itcanalsowatchoverahouseinsteadofhumans.Itiscareful,cleverandhard-working.Inshort,thisrobotisveryusefultous,thoughitcan’trunorspeak.Youcanwriteitlikethis:i________n.thecreationofsomethinginthemind;theactofinventingc________n.arod(棒）ofcoloredwax（蠟）usedfordrawingt________n.anideathatyouhaveinyourminds________adj.foolishb________n.smallthininflatable(可充氣的）rubberbagwithnarrowneckg________n.aweapon（武器）fromwhichbullets（子彈）orotherthingsarefiredr________n.amachinethatcanmoveautomatically（自動地）k________n.thesetofkeysthatyoupressinordertooperateitCompletethefollowingwordsaccordingtotheirfirstlettersandmeanings.nventionrayonhoughtillyalloonunoboteyboard1.Peopleusedthelightbulbswidelyinthepast.(改為被動語態）Thelightbulbs___________________bypeopleinthepast.2.Wecanlaunchspaceshipstoexploreotherplanets.(改為被動語態）Spaceships___________________toexploreotherplanets.3.GoreVerbiniskidirectedthemoviePiratesoftheCaribean

inAmerica.(對劃線部分提問）_____________GoreVerbiniski________themoviePiratesoftheCaribbean?4.TheMP3playerwasdevelopedaround1998.(對劃線部分提問)________________theMP3player_______________?ExerciseswerewidelyusedcanbelaunchedWherediddirectWhenwasdevelopedWhat’situsedfor?It’susedforlisteningtomusic.What’sitmadeof?It’smadeofplastic.Wherewasitinvented?ItwasinventedinKorea.Whenwasitinvented?Itwasinventedin1998.What’situsedfor?It’susedforcommunicatingeasily.What’sitmadeof?It’smadeofplasticandmetal.Wherewasitinvented?ItwasinventedinAmerica.Whenwasitinvented?Itwasinventedin1973.1.Howdidtheearlyexplorersknowwheretheywere?Theyfoundoutwheretheywerebyusingstars.2.What’sthedisadvantageofusingthestarsasguidingmarks?Itsdisadvantageisthatitdidn’tworkwellwhentheweatherwasbadandthestarscouldnotbeseen.

3.WhatisaGPS?Isitusefultouse?Itislikeaman-madestar.Wecanuseitatanytime,inanyplaceandinanyweathertofindoutourposition.Itisveryuseful.4.WhatdoyouthinktheGPSwillbeusedforinthefuture?…ReadthepassageanddiscussthequestionsonPage88.Keywordsexploreexplorer,mark

findout,in…directionworkwell,aslongastherestofthetimesolve,like,use,theshapeofgreatinventionn.標示，記號，符號v.做記號，做標記Retellit!根據首字母提示，完成短文。

ThankstoGPS,wecanexactlyknoww_____wearenow.GPSislikeaman-made“star”.Itcanbeu____inanyplaceandanyweatherconditiontofindoutourp________.Inthepast,theearlyexplorershadtousestarsinthes____totellthemwheretheywere,however,thismethoddidn’tworkwellwhentheweatherwasbad.SoGPSisagreatinventionthatcanhelphumanstobettere________ourplanets.hereositionsedkyxploreExerciseGrammar

PassiveVoice(Ⅱ)TheradiowasinventedbyGuglielmoMarconiin1895.Whenwasthedigitalcameradeveloped?Wherewasitdeveloped?Whatisarocketusedfor?Itwasdevelopedinthe1970s.ItwasdevelopedinJapan.Itisusedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.Functions

IwishIcouldgointospacesomeday.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.It’ssaidthatheinventedmorethantwothousandthingsduringhislife.Inventingisinterestingandexcitingandeveryonecanbeaninventor.1.Youarelate,allthetickets__________(sell)outanhourago.2.Thistypeofcellphone____________(make)inShenzhen.3.I_________________(notinvite)toyesterday’sparty.4.________thosemachines__________(check)thismorning?5.Manytreesandflowers______________(plant)inourschoollastyear,andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.

weresoldweremadewere/was

+

v.的過去分詞Exerciseswasn’tinvitedWerecheckedwereplanted1.PeopleuseradiostolearnEnglishinthepast._____________________________________________2.Jackwillshowmethephoto.______________________________________________3.TheyhaveraisedmuchmoneyfortheProjectHope.______________________________________________4.IoftenhearMarysingEnglishsongsathome._______________________________________________5.Wemustn’tthrowlitterabout.________________________________________________6.PeoplecanvisitplanetslikeMars._________________________________________________RadioswereusedtolearnEnglishinthepast.Thephotowillbeshowntome.MuchmoneyhasbeenraisedfortheProjectHope.MaryisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongsathome.Littermustn’tbethrownabout.PlanetslikeMarscanbevisited.ChangethefollowingsentencesintoPassiveVoice.()1.Hurryup,you____onthephone.A.Wanted B.waswantedC.arewanted(

)2.Somestories_____thechildrenbytheteachereveryday.A.istoldfor B.aretoldforC.aretoldto()3._____thathehasstudiedabroadforfiveyears.A.Itissaid B.Itsays C.Thatissaid()4.Thewindow____fiveminutesago.A.iscleaned B.wascleanedC.canbecleaned()5.Thechildren______bytheteachersatschool.A.takecareofB.aretakencare

C.aretakencareof

CCABCChoosethebestanswer.Project(1)ThisisKangkang’sinvention.Lookattheinformationandthepicture.Whatdoyouthinkofit?Discusswithyourpartners.Name:Plar(plan-car)Inventor:KangkangYear:2014Use:Bothflyinganddriving2.Designyourowninvention.Drawapictureofitandwritedowntheinformationaboutit.

Name:____________Inventor:___________Year:_____________Use:______________

Project（2）DescribingYourInvention3.Showthepictureofyourinventionanddescribeittotheclass.

4.Discussingroupstodecidewhichisthemostuseful/interesting/funnyinvention.

一般過去時態的被動語態【要點1】

一般過去時態的被動語態的構成:was/were+動詞過去分詞。如:ThelightbulbwasinventedbyThomasEdisonin1879.ThenewcarsweremadeinShanghaiin2008.【要點2】

通常只有及物動詞才有被動語態,但有些動詞短語在用法上相當于及物動詞,所以也有被動語態。如:Theoldmanwaslookedafterwell.Thedoctorhasbeensentfor.語法學一學1.BecauseIwasnotallowedtoplaycomputergameslastnight.be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允許做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事難點攻一攻2.It’sbadforyourhealthifyouspendtoomuchtimeonthem.bebadforIt's+adj+（for/ofsb）+todosth.做某事對于某人來說是...3.KangkangshowsamodeltoJane.(1)showsb.sth=showsth.tosb.給某人展示某物showsb.around帶某人參觀onshow展出、上演(2)KangkangshowsamodeltoJane.=KangkangshowsJaneamodel.轉為被動語態：JaneisshowedamodelbyKangkang.帶雙賓語句子的被動語態。如把直接賓語變為被動語態的主語則需在間賓前加for或to,有buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,

show,

teach,

tell等詞。Eg:1.Hegaveme(間接賓語)abook(直接賓語).——I(間賓)wasgivenabookbyhim.——Abook(直賓)wasgiventomebyTom.2.Iboughthimabook.——Hewasboughtabookbyme.——Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.4.Itwasmadebyme.What’sitmadeof?What’sthepapermadefrom?bemadeof“由…做成”，of看得出原材料bemadefrom“由…做成”，from看不出原材料bemadeby“被誰制作的”bemadein“在哪里制作的”bemadeupof“由…組成”5.It’susedfor

sendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.(1)beusedfor(doing)sth./todosth“被用來做”beusedas“被用做”beusedby“被誰所用”usedtodosth.“過去常常做某事”be/getusedtodoingsth.“習慣于做某事”(2)sendinto“把…送入”sendup“發射,長出”sendfor“派人去請(拿)”6.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.cometrue實現，主語為sth.，而realize和achieve主語為人。makeone’sdreamrealized/real實現某人的夢想realize/achieveone’sdream.實現某人的夢想7.It’ssaidthatheinventedmorethantwothousandthingsduringhislife.(1)It’ssaidthat:據說Itsaysthat:寫著；說到...(2)duringone’slife=inone’slife在某人的一生8.Look!Anairplane,butit’sdifferentfromtoday’s.(1)AbedifferentfromB AbedifferentfromBinsth. TherearesomedifferencesbetweenAandB(2)AbethesameasB AbesimilartoB9.Atthattime,theydidn’tcalljeansandtheywerejusthard-wearingpantsdesignedforworkers.(1)atthattime在那時用過去時態(2)designfor...為設計10.Aninventionmaybeanewproductoranewwayofdoingthings.maybe可能是mustbe一定是canbe很可能是11.Inventionscomeaboutinmanyways.comeabout通常與“how”同時出現,常用于疑問句、否定句。

發生happen（無被動）takeplace12.Thereareafewsimplestepstofollowintheinventionprocess.followsteps遵循步驟rules遵守規則13.Butitdidn’tworksowellduringtherestofthetime.workwell有效，工作得好，運行得好locksillygunrobotmarkkeyboardinventioncrayonthoughtballoon單詞記一記火箭衛星數字(的),數碼(的)飛機燈泡評價詳細的想象(力)系統,體制人造的金屬太空飛船允許某人做某事由...制成某一天與...不同全世界嘲笑與某人分享某物實現把...送入被用來做...allowsb.todosth.bemadeof/fromsomedaybedifferentfromallovertheworldlaughatsharesth.withsb.cometruesend...intobeusedfordoingsth/todosth詞組譯一譯I1.這MP5是我哥哥昨天買的。TheMP5

bymybrotheryesterday.2.這些畫是上周畫的。

Thepictures_____________lastweek.3.這機器人是用來掃地的。

Themachine____________________cleaningthefloor.4.據說這個機器人是一個中國人發明的.

_____________thatthenewrobot

byaChinese.5.我們不被允許花太多的時間在電腦游戲上。

We____________to_____toomuchtime_____computergames.wasboughtweredrawnisusedforIt'ssaidwasinventedaren'tallowedspendon句子翻一翻三、句子

1.它是由什么制成的？2.它是由金屬\木頭\棉花\皮革\塑料\絲綢制成的。3.火箭被用來做什么。4.它被用來發送衛星或宇宙飛船進入太空。5.它什么時候，在哪兒被發明的。6.它是1985年在日本被發明的。7.我希望有一天我能夠進入太空。8.我希望你的夢想將能夠實現。Whatisitmadeof\from?It'smadeof\frommetal\wood\cotton\leather\plastic\silk.Whatisarocketusedfor?It'susedforsendingsatellitesorspaceshipsintospace.Whenandwherewasitinvented?ItwasinventedinJapanin1985.IwishIcouldgointospacesomeday.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrue.1（2020年福建）Onvideo,DoctorZhongNanshan________teenagerstostudyhardinthefirstlessonofthisterm.A.allowed B.trained C.encouraged【答案】C【解析】句意：在視頻上，鐘南山醫生在這學期的第一課上鼓勵青少年們努力學習。allowed允許；trained訓練；encouraged鼓勵。根據句意理解及空格后tostudyhard可知，空格表達的是“鼓勵”，故選C。考查動詞辨析。真題練一練2（2020北京）.Thekite________inChinamorethan2000yearsago.A.invents B.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented【答案】D【解析】句意：風箏是中國在2000多年前發明的。invent發明。invents動詞的第三人稱單數形式；invented動詞的過去式；isinvented一般現在時的被動語態；wasinvented一般過去時的被動語態。題中主語“Thekite”與動詞invent之間是動賓關系，此處用被動語態；結合題干中時間狀語“2000yearsago”可知要用一般過去時的被動語態，其結構為was/weredone。故選D。考查一般過去時的被動語態。3（2020哈爾濱市）—Whatlanguage________inCanada?—BothEnglishandFrench.A.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeaking【答案】A【解析】句意：——加拿大說什么語言？——英語和法語。A：一般現在時的被動語態；B：一般現在時的動詞三單；C：現在進行時。分析語意可知，此處陳述事實，時態是一般現在時，又因為主語language是動作speak的承受者，所以使用一般現在時的被動語態。故選A。考查一般現在時的被動語態。4（2020南京市）.NowwastefromdailylifeinthecityofShanghai________tobeseparatedintofourdifferentgroups.A.isrequiring B.isrequired C.wasrequired D.required【答案】B【解析】句意：現在，上海市日常生活垃圾被要求分為四類。isrequiring要求，現在進行時；isrequired被要求，一般現在時的被動語態；wasrequired被要求，一般過去時的被動語態；required要求，一般過去時；根據句意理解可知，句子主語waste與謂語動詞require之間是被動關系，所以應該用被動語態；句中的時間是now，所以應該用一般現在時的被動語態，故選B。考查被動語態。5（2020遼寧丹東）.Basketball________in1891.Thenin1936inBerlin,itbecameaneventattheOlympics.A.plays B.isplayed C.wasplayed D.played【答案】C【解析】句意：籃球運動于1891年開始。然后在1936年的柏林，它成為了奧運會的一個項目。plays玩，動詞三單；isplayed被玩，一般現在時的被動結構；wasplayed被玩，一般過去時的被動結構；played玩，過去式；根據句意理解可知，句子主語與動詞之間是被動關系，所以應該用被動結構，所以排除A/D選項，再由句中的時間in1891可知，這里應該用過去時的被動，結構是“was/were+過去分詞”；故選C。考查被動語態。6（2020天津）.AnotherbridgeovertheJialingRiver________lastyear.A.builds B.built C.isbuilt D.wasbuilt【答案】D【解析】句意：去年在嘉陵江上又建了一座橋。builds動詞第三人稱單數形式，修建；built是build的過去式或過去分詞形式；isbuilt是一般現在時的被動語態；wasbuilt是一般過去時的被動語態。根據句意可知，該句的主語Anotherbridge與動詞構成被動關系，應用被動語態，排除A和B；再由句中的時間lastyear可知，應用一般過去時。故選D。考查動詞的時態和被動語態。7（2019廣東）.Youngpeopleareencouragedtoworkhard____theirowndreams.A.achieve B.achieves C.toachieve D.achieved【答案】C【解析】句意：年輕人被鼓勵努力工作來實現他們的夢想。achieve實現（原形）；achieves實現（第三人稱單數形式）；toachieve實現（不定式結構）；achieved實現（過去式）；題干的句子是簡單句，分析句子成分，空格處應用非謂語動詞。排除A、B、D。“年輕人努力工作”的目的是為了實現夢想，非謂語動詞中，不定式做目的狀語；故選C。8（2019上海.）Accordingtotherule，usedbatteries

bedroppedintheredbinforharmfulwastes.A.must B.need C.can D.may【答案】A【解析】句意：根據規定，廢舊電池必須投到紅色垃圾箱中，以防產生有害廢物。A.must必須；B.need需要；C.can能，會；D.may可以。根據下文intheredbinforharmfulwastes.可知這里是說必須被丟到紅色垃圾箱。根據題意，故選A。9（2019天津）TheHongKong﹣Zhuhai﹣MacaoBridge

in2018．Weareproudofit．（）A．iscompleted B．iscompleting C．wascompleted D．completes【答案】D．【解析】港珠澳大橋于2018年完工．我們為它感到驕傲．本題考查動詞時態及語態．根據時間狀語in2018可知，應該使用一般過去時，且港珠澳大橋和complete為被動關系，故使用一般過去時的被動語態．一般過去時的被動語態結構：was/were+過去分詞．本題的主語是theHongKong﹣Zhuhai﹣MacaoBridge，第三人稱單數，用was．故選：C．10（2019北京）.Myadviceonhowtosavepaper

bymyclasslastMonday.A.accepts B.accepted C.wasaccepted D.isaccepted【答案】C【解析】句意：我的關于怎樣節省紙的建議上周一被我的班級接受了。accepts接受，第三人稱單數形式；accepted過去式；wasaccepted一般過去時的被動語態；isaccepted一般現在時的被動語態。根據句意可知，該句的主語Myadvice與動詞accept構成被動關系，應用被動語態，故先排除A和B；根據句中的時間狀語lastMonday可知，應用一般過去時，故選C。11（2019黃岡）.—Oh,yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mum.It____yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A.didn’tclean B.isn’tcleaned C.wascleaned D.wasn’tcleaned【答案】D【解析】句意：——哦，你的房間太臟了，邁克！——對不起，媽媽。昨天沒有打掃。我忘了做。A為一般過去時，主動語態；B為一般現在時的被動句；C為一般過去時的被動句；D為一般過去時的被動句。根據yesterday.可知，本題的時態為一般過去時，因此排除B；再根據Iforgottodoit.我忘了做。說明沒有打掃房間，因此排除C；句中的主語It是代指上文的yourroom，yourroom做主語，應該用被動語態，選項A為主動語態，排除，故選D。12（2019武漢）.Hewrotehisphonenumber_______apieceofpaper.A.on B.for C.in D.from【答案】A【解析】

句意：他把電話號碼寫在一張紙上。考查介詞辨析。A.on在…上；B.for為了，給；C.in在…里；D.from從，來自。“在一張紙上”使用介詞on，onapieceofpaper；結合句意可知填on；選A。13（2019咸寧）.—Theyear2019marksthe70thanniversary(周年)ofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.—Asweknow,____.Wehavemadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.A.manyhandsmakelightwork B.moneyisn’teverythingC.wellbegunishalfdone D.somethingisbetterthannothing【答案】A【解析】句意：——2019年是中華人民共和國成立70周年。——正如我們所知，眾人拾柴火焰高嘛。我們在許多領域都取得了巨大的成就。A.manyhandsmakelightwork眾人拾柴火焰高；B.moneyisn’teverything錢不是萬能的；C.wellbegunishalfdone良好的開端是成功的一半；D.somethingisbetterthannothing聊勝于無。根據Wehavemadegreatachievementsinmanyfields.我