Unit4Part2DiscoveringUsefulStructures&ListeningandTalking

基礎過關練

I.單詞拼寫

l.Thesystemwastesalarge（數量）ofwater.

2.Hispaintingsareondisplayintheart（展覽館）.

3.Their（祖先）hadcometoAmericafromIreland.

4.Hewasawarm,（慷慨的）andkind-heartedman.

5.Nowthepolicehavetheevidenceto（指控）him.

6.Whatarethestrengthsandweaknessesofthesedifferent（方法）？

7.Thetownreliesonitsunique（舊l景）todevelopthetouristindustry.

8.Itcameasashocktofootballfanswhenitwas（宣布）thatMaradonadied

ofaheartattack.

9.Thegovernmentmakeseveryeffortto（確保）thateverystudentwillbe

givenanequaleducationchance.

II.單句語法填空

1.HelenaswellasIiseager（see）theperformance.

2.Theofficialhasbeenchargedabusinghispower.

3.Therewillbedifferentapproachesto（gather）information.

4.Hetreatedthemwith（generous）andthoughtfulness.

5.Heisseriouslyill,andneedssomeonetoattendhimallthetime.

6.Thelectureisaimedatgivingadviceonhowstudentscandefendthemselves

schoolbullying.

in.用所給動詞的適當的非謂語形式填空

l.Thepolicewillcomesoontotakeawaythe（damage）car.

2.The（pollute）waterwasblamedforthespreadofcholera.

3.Asforthephenomenon（mention）above,somepeoplesupportitwhileothers

donot.

4.Mostofthepeople（invite）tothepartydidn'tturnupbecauseoftheheavy

rain.

5.Theymanagedtomakethemselves（understand）byusingverysimple

English.

6.Michaelputupapictureofthisfamousscientistbesidethebedtokeephimself_

(remind)ofhisowndreams.

7.Walkinginthestreet,Ifoundmanyoftheshops(crowd)withpeople.

8.Withallofthepeople(eat)NewYear'sEvedinnerhappily,thefiremenstill

sticktotheirwork.Weshouldsincerelythankthem.

9.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEngland,youwillfindWales(include)aswell.

10.A11thetourists(travel)onthetrainmusthaveavalidticketbefore

boarding.

11.Whereverwego,wewillseethiskindofproduct(advertise).

12.Hehadhiseyes(fix)onthismasterpieceintheartgallery.

13.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleliketodoshoppingonlineandhavegoods

(deliver).

14.Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimself(surround)byhisparentsand

relatives.

15.Ifyouwanttomakeyourself(respect),youmustrespectyourselffirst.

IV.完成句子

1.令我驚訝的不是他說的話而是他說話的方式。

Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut.

2.瑪麗在飛機起飛前一小時檢查了她的行李。

Maryhadanhourbeforetheplanetookoff.

3?這些城堡是歐洲的一大旅游特色，其歷史之悠久可追溯到古羅馬時期。

Thecastles,oneofthemaintouristfeaturesinEurope,havealonghistory

theancientRomantimes.

4.盯著電腦看幾個小時使你的脖子僵硬?如果是這樣的話，是時候站起來,四處走

動走動，伸伸你的脖子了。

Lookingatthecomputerforseveralhoursmakesyourneckstiff?,it's

timetostandup,movearoundandstretchyourneck.

能力提升練

I.閱讀理解

A

AncientChinaproducedmanytypesofbeautifulworksofart.Amongthem,

calligraphy（書法）,poetryandpaintingarethemostfamous.Oftentheywouldbeput

togetherinart.ThesebecameimportantfromtheSongdynasty.

Calligraphyistheartofhandwriting.IntheoldtimestheChineseconsidered

writingasanimportantformofart.Calligrapherswouldpracticeforyearstolearnto

writeperfectly,butwithstyle.Eachoftheover40,000characters（漢字）neededtobe

writtencorrectly.Andeachstroke（筆畫）inacharacterhadtobewritteninacertain

order.

Poetryisalsoanimportantformofart.Greatpoetswerefamousalloverthe

country,andalleducatedpeoplewereexpectedtowritepoetry.DuringtheTang

dynastypoetrywassoimportantthatwritingpoetrywaspartoftheexaminationsto

becomeacivilservant（文官）andworkforthegovernment.

Chinesepaintingisoftenconnectedwithcalligraphy.Itisoneoftheoldest

artistictraditionsintheworld.ThemosttraditionalwayofChinesepaintingisknown

as“nationalpainting"or“nativepainting"whichisquitedifferentfromWestern

painting.Peoplecandrawmountains,buildings,birds,treesandwater.

1.Calligraphersneededtowriteovercharacterscorrectlyintheoldtimes.

A.10,000.B.20,000.C.30,000.D.40,000.

2.WhatwaspartofthecivilservantexaminationsduringtheTangdynasty?

A.Painting.B.Calligraphy.

C.Writingpoetry.D.Playingmusic.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Calligraphy,poetry,andpaintingarethemostfamousworksofartinancient

China.

B.Thestrokesofeachcharactercanbewritteninanyorder.

C.Poetryisanimportantformofartlikecalligraphy.

D.Chinesepaintingisoftenconnectedwithcalligraphy.

4.What*sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Chineseart.B.Chineseexaminations.

C.Chinesehistory.D.Chinesedynasties.

B

Themostpopularmartialarts（正弋術）todaycamefromAsia,especiallyChina.

SomeChinesefightingstyleswereinventedmorethan3,000yearsago.Manymartial

artswereinventedbecausepeopleneededtodefendthemselvesorprotectothers.

Nowadays,peoplelearnmartialartsasawayofkeepingfitorasacompetitivesport,

buttheyarestillveryusefulforself-defence.

Martialartsareoftenreferredtoasbeingeithersoftorhard.Thesetermsimplya

wayofdealingwithyouropponent's（對手的）force.Softmartialarts,suchastaichi,

teachyoutouseyouropponent'sownforcetodefendyourself.Softstylesuse

movementsandtiming（時機的掌握）toavoid,deflectandredirecttheopponent's

attacks.Thesemartialartsaresoftforthedefenderbutnotfortheattacker!Onthe

otherhand,hardstyles,suchaskungfu,teachyoutodefendyourselfbyusingforce.

Techniquesinvolveblocks,posturesandpowerfulpunchesandkicks.Hardmartialart

techniqueswillbemoreeffectiveifyouaremoreskillful,morepowerfulandfaster

thanyouropponent.

PerhapsoneofthebestknownJapanesemartialartstodayiskarate.Butdoyou

knowthatitcamefromFujianProvince?AcommunityofChinesemigrants（移

民）fromFujiansettledinwhatwasthenthekingdomofOkinawa.TheChinese

migrantsusedtogatherinaparktoenjoyculturalactivities,oneofwhichwaskung

fu.Thissooncaughttheattentionoflocalyouths,whostartedlearningkungfufrom

theirChineseneighbours.

Infact,Chineseinfluenceonmartialartswasnotonlykungfu.Theveryfirst

KoreanmilitarytrainingmanualwasbasedonaChineseversion.DuringtheJapanese

invasion（侵略）ofKoreainthe16thcentury,theKoreanarmyneededaneffective

waytotrainalargenumberofsoldiers.Theyusedatrainingmethodologyfroma

ChinesemilitarymanualcalledJiXiaoXinShu,writtenbythefamousChinese

general,QiJiguang,whohaddefeatedtheJapanesearmyhimself.

5.Fromthepassagewecanlearnpeoplehavebeenusingmartialarts.

A.todefendothersB.toprotectthemselves

C.tokeepfitD.asacompetitivesport

6.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Softmartialarts.

B.Hardmartialarts.

C.Theeffectsofmartialarts.

D.Thekindsofmailialarts.

7.Whichplaceisthehomeofkarate?

A.Japan.B.Korea.

C.China.D.Okinawa.

8.WhydidtheKoreanarmyuseJiXiaoXinShu!

A.Tostrengthenitsarmy.

B.Togainfame.

C.ToinvadeJapan.

D.ToenlargetheareaofKorea.

II.七選五

Youmayhaveheardoftheword"pub”.Itisshortforupublichouse”.There

arearound60,000pubsintheU.K.Oneoftheoldestpubs,YeOideFightingCocksin

St.Albans,Hertfordshire,islocatedinabuildingthatdatesbacktotheeleventh

century.

]Peopletalk,eat,drink,meettheirfriendsandrelaxthere.Pubsoftenhave

twobars,oneusuallyquieterthantheother,andmanyhaveagardenwherepeoplecan

sitinsummer.Childrencangointopubgardenswiththeirparents.

Groupsoffriendsnormallybuy“rounds“ofdrinks.2Itissometimes

difficulttogetservedwhenpubsarebusy:Thebarstaffwillusuallyservethosewho

havebeenwaitingthelongestatthebarfirst.

Mostpubsofferacompleterangeofbeers,localandimported,withGerman,

BelgianandFrenchbeersbeingindemand.3Asamatteroffact,pubssellsoft

drinks,too.

Thelegalagetopurchasealcoholis18intheUK.Peopleaged16and17,with

thelicense'spermission,mayhaveonlyoneglassofwineduringameal.4Itis

illegaltosellalcoholtosomeonewhoalreadyappearsdrunk.Afburteen-year-old

mayenterapubunaccompaniedbyanadultifheordersameal.Childrenmayentera

pubwiththeirparentsuntil9p.m.,whichletsfamiliesenjoyreasonablypricedpub

mealstogether.5CustomsinBritishpubsdifferfromthoseinAmericanbars.In

mostpubsintheU.K.,youmustgotothebartoorderdrinksandfoodandpayfor

yourpurchasesimmediately.

A.Britishpeoplelikedrinkingbeersinpubs.

B.PubsareanimportantpartofBritishlife.

C.Buttheymustbewithanadultandtheadultordersit.

D.Inthesalonbartheatmosphereisquieterandtherearefewerpeople.

E.Anditalsoallowspubstoplaytheirtraditionalrolesascommunitycenters.

F.Thepersonwhoseturnitiswillbuydrinksforallthemembersofthegroup.

G.Mostpeoplemightthinkpubsareplaceswherepeoplesimplydrinkalcohol.

1.2.3.4.5.

in.語法填空

Chinaisthenativeplaceoftea.Originally,tea1(use)asakindofmedicine

insteadofadrink.Later,astheancientChineseexplored2(far)intothefeatures

oftea,theyseparatedit3herbsandmadeitintoakindofdrinkand4

(gradual)itdevelopedintoChineseteaculture.

Recordsshowthatthecustomofteadrinking,5startedfromtheWestern

HanDynasty,alreadybecame6fashionforpeopleinahigh7(society)

positionduringtheNorthernWeiDynasty.IntheTangDynastyitwascommon8

(drink)tea.Andpeopletriedoutevenmore9(approach)todrinkingtea.Inthe

SongDynasty,teaplantingandtradewereontheincreaseandthetechniqueof10

(make)teawasgreatlyimproved.BytheYuanDynasty,drinkingteahadbecome

somethingverycommonineverydaylife.IntheMingandQingdynasties,people

drankteainalmostthesamewayaswedotoday.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

參考答案

基礎過關練

I.1.amount2.gallery3.ancestors4.generous5.charge

6.approaches7.landscape8.announced9.ensure

Il.l.tosee考查不定式。句意:除了我還有海倫渴望看這場演出。beeagertodo

sth.渴望做某事。故填tosee。

2.with考查介詞。句意:這位官員被指控濫用職權。bechargedwithsth./doingsth.

被指控某事/做某事。故填with。

3.gathering考查動名詞。句意:將有一些不同的收集信息的方法。approaches

to...……的方法，其中to為介詞，后面跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。故此處填動名詞

gatheringo

4.generosity考查名詞。句意:他待他們寬容大度、體貼周到。設空處和

thoughtfulness為并列成分，均作介詞with的賓語，故填名詞generosityo

5.to考查固定搭配。句意:他病得很重,需要人一直照顧他。attendto照顧。

6.from/against考查介詞。句意:這個講座的目的是對學生如何保護自己免受校園

欺凌提出建議。defend...from/against…保護...免受...。

III.1.damaged句意:警察很快就會來把那輛受損的車弄走。設空處修飾car,作定

語,car和damage之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。

2.polluted句意:被污染的水是傳播霍亂的罪魁禍首。設空處作定語，修飾

water,water與pollute之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。

3.mentioned句意:關于上文提到的現象，有些人支持，而其他人反對。設空處作后

置定語，修飾phenomenon,phenomenon與mention之間為被動關系，故用過去分

詞。

4.invited句意:受邀參加聚會的大部分人因為大雨沒有出現。此處修飾people

作定語，且invite和people之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。

5.understood句意:他們通過使用很簡單的英語設法使自己被理解了。此處為

“make+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語themselves和understand之間是被動關系,

故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。

6.reminded句意:邁克爾在床邊貼了一張這位著名科學家的照片,來提醒他他自

己的夢想。此處為“keep+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語himself和remind之間是

被動關系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。

7.crowded句意:走在大街上，我發現許多商店里都擠滿了人。此處為“find+賓語

+賓語補足語”結構，賓語manyoftheshops和crowd之間為被動關系。故填過去

分詞crowdedo

8.eating句意:所有人都在高興地吃著年夜飯時，消防隊員仍堅持他們的工作。我

們應該真誠地感謝他們。分析句子結構可知,此處是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”

結構,且賓語allofthepeople與動詞eat之間為主動關系,故用現在分詞eating作賓

語補足語。

9.included句意:現在當人們提到英格蘭的時候，你會發現威爾士也被包含在內。

此處為“find+賓語+賓語補足語”結構,Wales和include之間是被動關系,故應用

過去分詞作賓語補足語。

lO.traveling句意:所有乘火車的游客在上車前必須持有有效的車票。分析句子結

構可知，設空處作后置定語修飾復數名詞tourists,且tourists與travel之間為主動關

系,故填現在分詞travelingo

11.advertised句意:無論我們去哪里，我們都會看到這種產品被宣傳。此處為

"see+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語thiskindofproduct和advertise之間是被動

關系，故應用過去分詞作賓語補足語。

12.fixed句意:他的眼睛盯著藝術館里的這件杰作。此處為“have+賓語+賓語補

足語”結構,hiseyes和fix之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞。

B.delivered句意:現在,越來越多的人喜歡網上購物，然后讓別人送貨。此處為

“have+賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語goods與deliver之間為被動關系，故用過去

分詞作賓語補足語。

14.surrounded句意:當他醒來時,他發現他的父母和親戚都圍著他。此處為"find+

賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語himself與surround之間為被動關系,故用過去分詞

作賓語補足語。

15.respected句意:如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重自己。此處為"make+

賓語+賓語補足語”結構，賓語yourself與respect之間為被動關系,故用過去分詞

作賓語補足語。

IV.l.thewayhesaid2.herluggagechecked3.datingbackto4.Ifso

能力提升練

I.A

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的書法、詩歌和繪畫這三種藝術形式,

分別介紹了每種藝術形式的歷史和重要性。

1.D細節理解題。根據第二段中的"Calligrapherswouldpractice...Eachoftheover

40,000charactersneededtobewrittencorrectly."可知,古時候，書法家要正確書寫4

萬多個漢字。故選D。

2.C細節理解題。根據第三段中的"DuringtheTangdynastypoetrywasso

importantthatwritingpoetrywaspartoftheexaminationstobecomeacivilservant

andworkforthegovernment.可知在唐代,詩歌非常重要，寫詩是成為文官和為政

府工作的考試內容之一。故選C。

3.B細節理解題。根據第二段中的"Andeachstrokeinacharacterhadtobewritten

inacertainorder.可知漢字的每一筆都必須按照一定的順序書寫。由此可知,B

項“每個漢字的筆畫可以按任何順序書寫”錯誤。故選B。A項“書法、詩歌和

繪畫是古代中國最著名的藝術作品”，由文章第一段第一、二句可知A項正確;C

項“詩歌像書法一樣是一種重要的藝術形式”，由第二段第二句和第三段第一句

可知C項正確;D項“中國繪畫通常與書法有關”，由第四段第一句可知D項正確。

4.A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知文章主要介紹了中國的書法、詩歌和繪畫這三

種藝術形式，分別介紹了每種藝術形式的歷史和重要性。由此可知,這篇文章的主

要內容是中國藝術。故選A。

B

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了武術的相關知識。

5.B細節理解題。根據第一WuManymartialartswereinventedbecause

peopleneededtodefendthemselvesorprotectothers.Nowadays,peoplelearnmartial

arts...buttheyarestillveryusefulforself-defence.“可知,（當初）許多武術被發明是因

為人們要自衛或保護他人。現在人們學習武術是為了保持身體健康或作為一項競

技性的運動，但它們對自衛仍然很有用，故選Bo

6.D主旨大意題。根據第二段中的"Martialartsareoftenreferredtoasbeingeither

softorhard.M可知武術通常被稱為軟武術或硬武術。由此可知第二段介紹的是武

術的種類，故選D。

7.C細節理解題。根據第三段中的"PerhapsoneofthebestknownJapanesemartial

artstodayiskarate.ButdoyouknowthatitcamefromFujianProvince?v（也許現在

日本最有名的武術之一是空手道。但你知道它來自福建省嗎?）可知選C。

8.A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的"DuringtheJapaneseinvasionofKoreainthe

16thcentury...TheyusedatrainingmethodologyfromaChinesemilitarymanual

calledJiXiaoXinSlut...”可知他們需要一種有效的訓練大量士兵的方法來加強軍

隊的實力，所以他們使用了《紀效新書》中的一種訓練方法。故選A。B項“為

了獲得聲望”文中未提及;C項“為了侵略日本”，根據最后一段可知朝鮮是在抗

擊日本侵略時使用了《紀效新書》；D