定語從句

1.重點突破

⑴關系代詞as的用法

1)as可以引導限制性琲限制性定語從句，指人，物，事

such+名詞+as...像...一樣(之類的)

thesame+名詞+as...和…同…一樣的

2)as引導非限制性定語從句放在主句前，主句后，主句中

as有“正如”之意,多用于肯定句

典型例題講解1

In2014,suchimportantreformpoliciesassociatedwiththeinterestsofthe

generalpublicwereintroducedinChinaalmosteachpersoncouldbenefit

frominlife.

A.whenB.thatC.whereD.as

典型例題講解2

Heworkshardfromdawntonighteverydaytomakealiving,manypeople

whoarestrugglingtosurviveinthisbigmoderncity.

A.asifB.suchasC.sodoD.asdo

(2)介詞+關系代詞的用法

介詞的選擇主要考察以下幾點：

1)介詞與先行詞的搭配

典型例題講解

Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegreethey

canbecontrolledonpurpose.

AwithwhichBtowhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich

2）介詞與從句謂語動詞的搭配

典型例題講解1

Intheend,itwasBeckyheturnedforagentlewordandasmile.

A.onwhomBinwhomCtowhomDforwhom

典型例題講解2

Withoutfacts,wecan'tformaworthwhileopinionforweneedtohavefactual

knowledgeourthinking.

AwhichtobaseonBwhichtobebasedon

CuponwhichtobaseD,withwhichtobaseon

3）主從句邏輯關系

典型例題講解

Duringthevoyagethesailorcaughtadeadlydiseaseinthosedays

medicalsciencewashelpless.

A.thatBwhichC.towhichD.againstwhich

（3）關系副詞When和where的用法

1）when（指時間戶介詞+which,當先行詞為指時間的名詞時，關系詞在從句中做

時間狀語

積累:age（年代）;occasion（機會場合）；interval（間隔）;stay（逗留期間）；stage

（時間段）等抽象時間

典型例題講解

She'llneverforgetherstaythereshefoundhersonwhohadgone

missingtwoyearsbefore.

A.thatBwhichC.whereD.when

2）where（指地點戶介詞+which,當先行詞為指地點的名詞時，關系詞在從句中做

地點狀語

積累:job,situation.,position,point,stage（舞臺），case（情況），activity,

atmosphere,emailletter,process（流程），compromise（和解妥協）等抽象地點

名詞

典型例題講解

Hewrotealetterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.

A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where

2.難點

⑴定語從句與強調句結合的用法

典型例題講解1

-Whenwasitthattheexhibitionwasheld?

-ItwasonMay5thefamousancientChinesepoetQuYuanwas

honored.

A.whenB.whatCwhichD.that

典型例題講解2

Itisintheveryvillage,Marywasborn35yearsago,shewill

buildherfirstschool,inspireseveryonetohelpher.

A,where,that:whichB.that:that:that

C.that;when;whichD.where:when;that

2)定語從句與代詞的用法

典型例題講解1

ProfessorSmithisastrictbutkindteacher,isalwaystryingtomake

hisclasseslivelyandinteresting.

A.theoneB.theonewhoC.oneD.onewho

典型例題講解2

HaveyoureadthebookLifeandDeathAreWearingMeOutbyMoYan,

thatwonhimthe2012NobelPrizeinLiterature?

A.theoneB.oneC.thoseD.ones

典型例題講解3

Mompromisedtobuymeanicegiftformybirthday,beyondmy

imagination

A.theoneB.thatC,whichD.something

典型例題講解4

Nevershouldweforgetthewarandsufferingscausedtothepeople

A.itB.whichC.thatDwhat

(3)定語從句與同位語從句的用法

1)被修飾詞不同

同位語從句的先行詞通常是一些具有具體信息內容或者一定內涵的名詞，比如

idea,fact;hope,news,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt.truth.

possibility,order,promise而定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞代詞,主句的一部分

或者是整個主句.

2）從句表達的含義不同

定語從句是對其先行詞的修飾或者限制，屬于形容詞性從句的范疇

同位語從句是對前面抽象名詞的進一步說明和解釋,屬于名詞性從句的范疇

3）引導詞及其在句子中的成分不同

有些引導詞比如what,how,w如ther可以引同位語從句但是不能引導定語從句

4）that引導的定語從句和同位語從句的區別

引導詞定語從句時在從句中做主語或者賓語，指物的時候可以用which代替，并

且作語時常省路，在同位語從句中僅僅起到連接作用，不充當任何成分，并且不

能省路,也不能用which代替

典型例題講解1

Evenifthereisnoscientificproofyetsecondhandsmokecausescancer,

thereisnoreasonwhynonsmokersshouldbeforcedtotakethisrisk.

A.whichB.thatCwhenDwhere

典型例題講解2

Idon'tknowthereasonyouwereabsentfromthemeeting,butIam

surethatsomeonewilltellmethereasonyouhaven'ttoldme.

A.why,thatBthat:whyC.because:whichD.ofwhich:

that

典型例題講解3

Aftertheearthquake,therelativesofchildrenprotectedthemfromthe

knowledgetheirparentsalreadypassedaway.

A.whenB.thatCwhereDwhich

(4)定語從句與非謂語結合的用法

典型例題講解1

AnexplosionbrokeoutinHongdongcounty,ShanxiProvincetheotherday,

causingmanyminersinjured,tohospitalimmediately.

A.mostofwhomsentB.mostofthemaresent

C.mostofthemweresentD.mostofthemsent

典型例題講解2

Whenaskedwhattheywouldvolunteertodo,saidtheywerewilling

todosomethingtheycould.

A.halfoftheseB.halfofwhomC.halfofwhichD.halfof

them

(5)定語從句與倒裝結合的用法

I'mgoingtospendthesummervacationinShanghai,livesmy

grandmotherandsomeothercloserelatives.

A.whichBwhenCthatDwhere

3.易錯點

⑴定語從句中的插入語

典型例題講解1

Newlyreleaseddatapointtoanincreaseintechnologyuseamongchildren

someworryischangingtheverynatureofchildhood.

A.whyBwhichCwhoDwhere

典型例題講解2

-Howarethingsgoing,Janet?

-Theyhavesetouttodealwiththepresentsituationtheythinkdeserves

theirimmediateattention.

A.whichBwhereC.whenD.what

(2)定語從句中theway作先行詞時，且關系詞在從句中作狀語，關系詞可以用

that,inwhich或者不填(/)

型例題講解

,theyounggirllaughsthewayhermotherdidatthatage.

A.Tomydisappointment:thatB.Tomyjoy;inwhich

C.Tomysurprise;/D.Tomyexcitement;which

(3)定語從句中先行詞的識別

典型例題講解

Icameacrossastrangepersonnearthecinematheotherday,there

wasatalentshowgoingonthen.

A.thatB.whenC.whichDwhere

(4)其他

典型例題講解1

Thezoologisthidhimselfamongthebushes,hecouldwatchhowthe

lionslivedontheGrassland.

A.whereB.whichCfromwhereDfromwhich

典型例題講解2

Thereformandopening-upstartedin1978,thewholeofChinahas

witnessedgreatchangesinalmosteveryfield.

A.sincewhenB.WhenC.duringwhichD.sincethen

典型例題講解3

He'saverygoodactor,alotofcomediansarenot,andhe'sagood

directorandagoodwriteraswell.

A.whoB.whereC.whomDwhich

二.名詞性從句

1.重點突破

⑴連接詞what和how的用法

1)how(ever)+形容詞+主語+系動詞

Nomatterhow/Howeverhandsomeyouare,youcan'tcommitacrime.

2)how(ever)+副詞+主語+謂語

Nomatterhow/Howeverfastheruns,hecan'tgetaway.

3)what(ever)+(a/an)+adj+名詞+主語+系動詞

Whateverdifficultiesshemet,shenevergaveup.

典型例題講解1

Parentsaretaughttounderstandimportanteducationistotheirchildren's

future.

A.thatBhowC.suchD.so

典型例題講解2

-ItseemsthathewassucceededatlastintheUSA.

-Butyoucanneverimagine.

A.whatahardlifehehasexperiencedB.whathehasexperiencedahardlife

C.hehasexperiencedwhatahardlifeD.whatahardlifehasheexperienced

(2)what引導的特殊疑問句的回答

典型例題講解1

-Whatareyouanxiousabout?

A.WhetherwecansucceedBIfwesucceed

CDowesucceedD.Thatwecansucceed

典型例題講解2

-madeherashamedofherself?

-thelowestmarkinherclass.

AWhat:BecauseshegotB.Wasitthat:Getting

C.Whatwasitthat;ThatshegotD.Whatwasitthat:Get

(3)as/what/that句型辨析

典型例題講解1

iswell-knowntousisthatconsumerswillbuygoodsiftheythinkthe

priceisreasonable.

A.AsB.WhatC.ItD.That

典型例題講解2

Itissaidwasallhesaid.

Athat;that,thatBwhat:what:what

Cthat,which:whatD.that:that:which

(4)wh-ever與nomatterwh-

Wh-ever可以導名詞性從句和讓步狀語從句，但nomatterwh-只能引導讓止步

狀語從句，因此，wh-ever.

典型例題講解1

Nomatterdifficultproblemswemeetwith,wewilltryourbesttoget

themover.

AhowBwhatC.whateverDhowever

典型例題講解2

-DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.

-That'swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhimhappens.

AWhatever:whateverB.Nomatterwhat:whatever

C.Nomatterwhat:NomatterwhatD.Whatever:however

2.難點

(1)名詞性從句和強調句的結合

典型例題講解

Whenaskedtoexplainhedidtomakehisstudentssofascinatedwith

hislessons,theteacherpausedandthoughtdeeply.

A.whatwasitthatBthatwhatitwas

C,whatitwasthatD.whatwasit

3.易錯點

(1)連接詞what的特殊用法

典型例題講解

Sheisisknownasanosyperson—sheisalwaysdyingtoknowwhat's

goingoninothers'lives.

A.whatB.whoC.whomD.that

(2)連接詞where的特殊用法

典型例題講解1

Youaresavingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagree.

A.whyB.whereCwhatDhow

典型例題講解2

Whenyoufeelalone,justlookatthespacesbetweenyourfingers,and

rememberthat'smyfingersfitperfectly.

A.whatB.whereC.whyD.how

三.狀語從句

1.重點突破

(1)連詞when的用法

典型例題講解1

Whydidyougotoworkonfootonsucharainydayyouhaveacarof

yourown?

A.whenB.whileC.asD,although

典型例題講解2

Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoral

problemit'sreallyanengineeringone.

A.untilB.becauseC.whenD.where

典型例題講解3

Ourmotherssatusdowntoreadandpaint,allwereallywantedtodo

wastomakeamess.

A.sinceB.asC.unlessDwhen

(2)連詞while的用法

while導讓步狀語從句,放在句首，譯為“雖然”

doing

當如while用作時間連詞時，意思相當于duringthattime(在期間)表示某"段

時間內發生的動作(while+doing)o因此，從句一般接延續性動詞且與主句動作

同時進行。

典型例題講解1

Tourism,itbringsinmoneytoacountry,canalsoresultindamage

totheWorldHeritagesitesthere.

A.whichB.whileC.thatD.as

典型例題講解2

IlikeJohnsonpersonally,Idon'tthinkwhatheisdoingisright

A.DespiteB.WhileC.NomatterwhatD.Whatever

典型例題講解3

,someonerangmeup.

A.WhileIleftB.WhileleavingC.OnleavingD.WhileIwas

leaving

⑶連詞as的用法

1)隨著

eg.Asyearsgoby,Maryisbecomingmaturerandwiser.

2)一邊...一邊....

Eg.Studentstakenotesaslistentotheteacher.

3)當……時,后接短暫或者延續性動詞，與主句動作同時發生或持續

eg.Finally,theangelcametomeasIsatdown.

4)as引導讓步狀語從句，表出“雖然，盡管=though"，一定要倒裝。

Childasheis,heknowsalot.

Hardashetried,hefailedintheexams.

Youngestasheisintheclass,hestudiesverywell.

Tryashemay,hemaynotsucceed.

5)as引導原因狀語從句,表雙方皆知的原因，語氣委婉

Eg.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,

asthiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.

6)as引導方式狀語，表“正如”

eg.Helikesreading,asIdo.

Justleaveitasitis!

Aswateristofish,soairistoman!

典型例題講解1

,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.

AAlthoughmuchhelikeherBMuchalthoughhelikesher

C.AshelikeshermuchD.Muchashelikesher

典型例題講解2

Difficultiesstrengthenthemindlabourdoesthebody.

B.asCforA.ifDso

(4)連詞before的用法

典型例題講解1

Tiredofherendlesscomplaints,Iwalkedoutoftheroomshecouldopen

hermouth.

A.whenB.untilCbeforeD.once

典型例題講解2

Howlongdoyouthinkthecomputercompanybringsoutanewproduct?

A.ItwillbebeforeB.willitbeuntilC.willitbewhenD.itwillbe

that

5)連詞until的用法“只要……時”

典型例題講解1

failedinEnglishathirdtime,Ihadnodoubtaboutmygiftforforeign

languages.

ABythetimeB.UntilC.AfterDUnless

典型例題講解2

"Iwentthroughupsanddownsinlife,"Gordonsaid,"Ineverfound

theimportanceofbeingself-disciplinedaswellasthesignificanceoflife

到+計，Cm

A.IfB.SinceC.UntilDUnless

典型例題講解3

theparentshadreadhisletterthetruestateofaffairs.

A.Itwasnotuntil,thattheyunderstoodB.Itwasnotuntil,theyunderstood

CUntil...didnottheyunderstandD,Notuntil...didtheyunderstand

(6)連詞unless的用法

典型例題講解1

thereisalast-minuteoffer,transportworkers,refusecollectors,nurses

andpostalworkerswillbeginlightningtrikesafterEaster.

A.UnlessB.IfC.UntilD.While

典型例題講解2

thelayersofthedermisisseriouslydamaged,whentheskinofan

injuredfingertipheals,thebodyreproducestheoriginalfingerprintexactly.

A.IncaseB.