(典型題)2014高考化學二輪復習知識點總結有機化學基礎【典型題】2014高考化學二輪復習名師知識點總結:有機化學基礎一、選擇題1(藥物貝諾酯可由乙酰水楊酸和對乙酰氨基酚在一定條件下反應制得:下列有關敘述正確的是()A(貝諾酯分子中有三種含氧官能團B(可用FeCl溶液區別乙酰水楊酸和對乙酰氨基酚3C(乙酰水楊酸和對乙酰氨基酚均能與NaHCO溶液反應3D(貝諾酯與足量NaOH溶液共熱，最終生成乙酰水楊酸鈉和對乙酰氨基酚鈉解析:結合三種有機物的結構確定含有的官能團及具有的性質。貝諾酯分子中含有兩種含氧官能團，A錯。對乙酰氨基酚分子中含有酚羥基，能與FeCl溶液發生顯色反應，乙酰水楊酸則不能，可利用FeCl33溶液區別這兩種有機物，B對。乙酰水楊酸分子中含有—COOH，能與NaHCO溶液發生反應，3而對乙酰氨基酚則不能，C錯。貝諾酯與足量NaOH溶液共熱發生水解反應，生成，D錯。答案:B點撥:知識:有機物的結構及性質。能力:考查考生的綜合分析能力和遷移應用能力。試題難度:中等。2((2013?浙江卷?10)下列說法正確的是()Weherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweA(按系統命名法，化合物的名稱是2,3,5,5,四甲基,4,4,二乙基己烷B(等物質的量的苯與苯甲酸完全燃燒消耗氧氣的量不相等C(苯與甲苯互為同系物，均能使KMnO酸性溶液褪色4D(結構片段為的高聚物，其單體是甲醛和苯酚解析:從有機物的組成和結構入手，分析其化學性質，得出合理答案。該有機物的名稱中碳原子編號錯誤，應從右端碳原子開始編號，正確名稱應為2,2,4,5,四甲基,3,3,二乙基己烷，A項錯。苯、苯甲酸的分子式分別為CH、CHO，而苯甲酸66762可寫成CH?CO，顯然等物質的量的兩種有機物完全燃燒時，消耗O的物質的量相等，B6622項錯。苯和甲苯互為同系物，甲苯能使KMnO酸性溶液褪色，而苯不能，C項錯。由高聚物4的結構片段可知，該高聚物應由單體苯酚和甲醛發生縮聚反應生成，D項正確。答案:D點撥:知識:有機物的命名，同系物及其性質，高聚物及其單體的推斷。能力:考查考生對有機化學基礎知識的理解及遷移應用能力。試題難度:中等。3((2013?東北三省四市第二次聯考?8)乙苯的一氯代物的結構共有()A(3種B(4種C(5種D(6種解析:乙苯乙基上氫原子環境有2種，苯環上氫原子環境有3種，所以乙苯的一氯代物共5種，C項正確。答案:C點撥:本題考查常見有機物命名及同分異構體知識。難度較小。4((2013?高考命題研究專家原創卷)14.5g某烷烴完全燃燒生成1.25molHO，則該2烴的一氯代物共有(不考慮立體異構)()A(2種B(3種C(4種D(5種解析:設該烷烴的分子式為CH，則:x2x，2CH,(x，1)HOx2x，22(14x，2)g(x，1)mol14.5g1.25molhecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublecrequirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credi2列式求得x,4，則該烴的分子式為CH，可能是正丁烷，也有可能是異丁烷，各有2410種一氯代物，故共有4種一氯代物。答案:C點撥:本題考查簡單有機物同分異構體的數目判斷，意在考查考生對簡單有機物結構的掌握情況和推理能力。5((2013?高考命題研究專家原創卷)某有機物的化學式為CHO，現有0.1mol該有機483物分別與足量的鈉、足量的碳酸氫鈉溶液反應，生成標準狀況下的氣體分別為2.24LH、22.24LCO。則該有機物的同分異構體有(不考慮立體異構)()2A(3種B(4種C(5種D(6種解析:由—COOH，NaHCO―?CO知，1mol羧基生成1mol二氧化碳;由—OH(或—COOH)3212.24L，Na―?H知，2mol羥基(或羧基)生成1molH。依題意，n(H),n(CO),2222,1222.4L?mol,0.1mol。所以CHO分子中含有1個羧基和1個羥基。CHO拆去—COOH、—OH剩余“CH”，48348336可以看成是丙烷(CH)上兩個氫原子被羧基、羥基取代。第一步，羧基取代丙烷上一個氫原38—CH—COOH、(?)子得兩種同分異構體:(?)CH—CH223答案:C點撥:本題考查有機物同分異構體的數目判斷，意在考查考生對中學化學基礎知識的掌握情況及復述、再現、辨認的能力。6((2013?高考命題研究專家原創卷)某品牌白酒中含有的塑化劑的主要成分為鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯，其結構簡式為ents.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borendmalink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninew,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstricandtsqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmentharanteesdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurifilenumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...Computertransferqilubankeetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agrrowe3，下列有關說法正確的是()A(鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯的分子式為CHO16214B(鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯屬于酯類，可增加白酒的香味，對人體無害C(用鄰苯二甲酸與丁醇合成鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯的反應屬于取代反應D(鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯不能發生加成反應解析:A項，鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯的分子式為CHO，A錯;B項，塑化劑對人體有害，B16224錯;D項，鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯中的苯環可以與H發生加成反應，D錯。2答案:C點撥:本題考查有機物的結構與性質，意在考查考生對有機物分子式、反應類型和官能團知識的掌握情況。7((2013?高考命題研究專家原創卷)有機化合物的結構可A(2種B(3種C(4種D(5種解析:該有機物的二氯代物中，兩個氯原子連在同一碳原子上的有1種，連在不同碳原子上有3種，共4種，選項C正確。答案:C點撥:本題考查有機物同分異構體的判斷，意在考查考生對有機物同分異構體概念的理解和推理能力。8((2013?高考名校聯考信息優化卷)符合下列條件的烴的一氯代物共有(不考慮立體異構)()?分子中碳元素與氫元素的質量之比為21:2;?含一個苯環;?相對分子質量小于150。A(2種B(3種C(4種D(5種解析:由碳元素與氫元素的質量之比為21:2可知，該烴分子中N(C):N(H),7:8，故其實驗式為CH，設其分子式為(CH)，故有92n,150，則n,1.63，即n,1，所以其分子式7878n為CH，由于該化合物含一個苯環，故其只能為甲苯。甲苯中苯環上的一氯代物有3種，甲78基上的一氯代物有1種，共4種。hecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublecrequirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credi4答案:C點撥:本題考查簡單有機物質同分異構體的判斷，意在考查考生分析問題和解決(解答)化學問題的能力。9((2013?河北省唐山市一模?13)某有機物結構簡式為，下列關于該有機物的說法中不正確的是()A(遇FeCl溶液顯紫色3B(與足量的氫氧化鈉溶液在一定條件下反應，最多消耗NaOH3molC(能發生縮聚反應和加聚反應D(1mol該有機物與溴發生加成反應，最多消耗1molBr2解析:A項，有機物分子中存在酚羥基，所以遇FeCl溶液顯紫色;B項，有機物分子3中含有一個酚羥基、一個羧基和一個連在苯環上的氯原子，所以1mol有機物與足量的氫氧化鈉反應，最多消耗氫氧化鈉4mol，題中沒有明確給出有機物的物質的量;C項，有機物分子中含有碳碳雙鍵，能發生加聚反應，含有羧基和羥基，能發生縮聚反應;D項，1mol該有機物中只含有1mol碳碳雙鍵，與溴發生加成反應時，最多消耗1molBr。2答案:B點撥:本題考查了有機物的性質，意在考查考生對有機化學知識的掌握情況。二、非選擇題10((2013?河北省唐山市一模?38)下列是利用烴CH合成有機高分子E和烴CH的36614流程圖。請回答以下問題:(1)?,?中屬于取代反應的有________。(2)CH的核磁共振氫譜只有兩種峰，則CH的結構簡式為________________;寫出E614614的結構簡式:__________________。(3)寫出B與新Cu(OH)反應的化學方程式:________________。2(4)D的同分異構體很多，符合下列條件的同分異構體有________種，其中氫原子核磁共振氫譜譜峰最少的結構簡式為________。?含碳碳雙鍵?能水解?能發生銀鏡反應(5)根據你所學知識和上圖中相關信息，以乙醇為主要原料通過三步可能合成環己烷(無w,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstricandtsqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmentharanteesdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurifilenumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...Computertransferqilubankeetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agrroweents.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borendmalink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,nine5機試劑任選)，寫出第一步和第三步化學反應的化學方程式(有機物質寫結構簡式):________、________。解析:由框圖可知，CH經反應?生成CHCl，說明發生的是取代反應，而不是加成反3635應;而最后由D生成E發生的是加聚反應，再由框圖所給反應條件共同推測，從CH到E36碳碳雙鍵沒有被破壞，再由A到B，B到C經過了兩步氧化，所以第一步取代反應中氯原子取代的是CH中甲基上的氫原子，這樣可以推出CH為3636CH===CHCHCHCl為CH===CHCHCl，23,3522A為CH===CHCHOH，B為CH===CHCHO，222C為CH===CHCOOH，D為CH===CHCOOCH，223(1)?是取代反應、?是取代反應(水解反應)、?是氧化反應、?是氧化反應、?是酯化反)、?是加成反應。(3)B與新制氫氧化銅反應的化學方程式為CH===CHCHO，應(取代反應2?2Cu(OH)，NaOH――?CH===CHCOONa，CuO?，3HO。(4)符合條件的D的同分異構體有3種，2222分別是CH===CHCHOOCH、CHCH===CHOOCH、CH===C(CH)OOCH。其中氫原子核磁共振氫譜譜22323峰最少的結構簡式為CH===C(CH)OOCH。(5)由乙醇通過三步反應合成環己烷，則第一步為23乙醇發生消去反應生成乙烯，第二步為乙烯和溴單質加成生成1,2,二溴乙烷，第三步為在鈉的條件下，1,2,二溴乙烷發生反應生答案:(1)???hecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublecrequirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credi6點撥:本題考查了有機物的結構簡式、反應類型、有機反應方程式、同分異構體等，意在考查考生提取信息的能力和運用所學知識解決問題的能力。11((2013?安徽卷?26)有機物F是一種新型涂料固化劑，可由下列路線合成(部分反應條件略去):(1)B的結構簡式是________;E中含有的官能團名稱是________。(2)由C和E合成F的化學方程式是________。(3)同時滿足下列條件的苯的同分異構體的結構簡式是________。?含有3個雙鍵?核磁共振氫譜只顯示1個吸收峰?不存在甲基(4)乙烯在實驗室可由________(填有機物名稱)通過________(填反應類型)制備。loanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninew,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstricandtsqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmentharanteesdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurifilenumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...Computertransferqilubankeetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agrroweents.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borendmalink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantam7(5)下列說法正確的是________。a(A屬于飽和烴b(D與乙醛的分子式相同c(E不能與鹽酸反應d(F可以發生酯化反應解析:根據合成路線圖中已知物質的結構簡式，推斷出其他物質的結構簡式，按照題目要求解答相關問題即可。(1)B和甲醇反應生成C，根據C的結構簡式可以判斷B為二元羧酸;E分子中有兩種官能團:氨基和羥基。(2)觀察C、E、F三者的結構簡式，可知C和E反應即為E中的HOCHCHNH,取代了C22中的,OCH，同時生成2分子的甲醇。(3)苯的分子式為CH，離飽和烴還差8個氫原子，條366件?該分子中存在3個雙鍵，要滿足碳、氫比，分子中還應存在一個環狀結構;條件?說明該分子呈對稱結構、分子中氫的位置是相同的;再結合條件?即可寫出該物質的結構簡式。(4)實驗室中是利用濃硫酸和乙醇反應制取乙烯的，該反應類型為消去反應。(5)A是環己烷，屬于飽和烴，所以a項正確;D的分子式為CHO，其分子式和乙醛的相同，所以b項正確;24E分子中含有氨基，可以和鹽酸反應，所以c項錯誤;F分子中含有羥基，可以和羧酸發生酯化反應，所以d項正確。答案:(1)HOOCH(CH)COOH氨基、羥基24(3)(4)乙醇消去反應(其他合理答案均可)(5)a、b、d點撥:知識:烴和烴的衍生物的組成和結構特點以及它們的相互轉化關系。能力:考查ements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublecrequirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credihecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borrowe8考生是否能夠從試題提供的新信息中，準確地提取實質性的內容，結合已有的有機化學知識解決問題的能力。試題難度:中等。12((2013?江蘇卷?17)化合物A(分子式為CHO)是一種有機化工原料，在空氣中易被66氧化。A的有關轉化反應如下(部分反應條件略去):(1)寫出A的結構簡式:________。(2)G是常用指示劑酚酞。寫出G中含氧官能團的名稱:________和________。(3)某化合物是E的同分異構體，且分子中只有兩種不同化學環境的氫。寫出該化合物的結構簡式:________(任寫一種)。w,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstricandtsqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmentharanteesdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurifilenumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...Computertransferqilubankeetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agrroweents.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borendmalink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,nine9(4)F和D互為同分異構體。寫出反應E?F的化學方程式:________________________________。(5)根據已有知識并結合相關信息，寫出以A和HCHO為原料制備CHO的合成路線流程圖(無機試劑任用)。合成路線流程圖示例如下:HBrNaOH溶液HC===CH――?CHCHBr――?CHCHOH223232?解析:根據反應條件及相關信息判定各種有機物，確定轉化關系。(1)根據G的分子結構中含有苯環，確定A中也有苯環，結合A的分子式為CHO，確定66A的結構簡式為。(2)G中含有的官能團為(酚)羥基和酯基。(3)E的分子式為CHO，它的同分異構體中要求有兩種不同化學環境的氫，說明具有很714強的對稱性，這決定了。hecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublecrequirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credi10roweents.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublechecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borendmalink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificrequirements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninew,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslyimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstricandtsqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(followingreferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperation,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmentharanteesdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthebranch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurifilenumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonthdayloanmaximumamount...Computertransferqilubankeetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:creditcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agr11答案:(1)(2)(酚)羥基酯基(3)或requirnpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninealink,andonthelinkofoperationproposedhasspecificon,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandreview,andloanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloalicatingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprovisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andthisapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankissopimplementation:a,andSeriouslystudythedocuments,andstrictimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinereferredto"thisapproach"),nowwillaboutrequirementsandtheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleaseseriouslylowingon,effectivecontrolrisk,HeadOfficeOrganizationamendmenthasqiluBankpersonalguaranteeloanmanagementapproach(folanch,andheadofficethesector:forpromotepersonalguaranteeloanbusinessofdevelopment,specificationbusinessoperatithebreeloanmanagementapproachofnotificationthebranch,andjurisdictionlineandtheby'sbusinessline,andJinan'swithinthdayloanmaximumamount...ComputertransferqilubankfileqiluSilver(2011)39th,onissuedqiluBankpersonalguaranttcancellationapplicationformnameofborrowerIDnumberandcreditlimitexpirationdateyearmonthdaytoyearmonWeherebyapplyfor!Applicant:datedatecase,agreetowriteoffloans.Loanreviewsignature:daterecordedform17:credihecking,doublesystem.(D)loanfactors:1theborrower(1)borroweements.(B)thesimplification,theannexoftherelevantamendments.(C)requestingtheExecutivedoubleinterview,doublec12點撥:知識:結構簡式、同分異構體的書寫、官能團名稱、化學方程式的書寫和流程路線的設計。能力:重點考查學生對有機化學的主干知識、基礎知識的掌握情況，考查學生對流程的設計和推理能力。試題難度:中等。請回答下列問題:(1)一元醇A中氧的質量分數約為21.6%，則A的分子式為________;結構分析顯示A只有一個甲基，A的名稱為________。(2)B能與新制的Cu(OH)發生反應，該反應的化學方程式為2__________________________。(3)C有________種結構;若一次取樣，檢驗C中所含官能團，按使用的先后順序寫出所用試劑:________。(4)第?步的反應類型為________;D所含官能團的名稱為________。(5)寫出同時符合下列條件的水楊酸所有同分異構體的結構簡式:__________________________。loanapproval,andcontractsigned,andloanissued,andloanpaid,andloanHoumanagement,andrecyclinganddisposal,ninew,andvisionalapproach,willloanprocesssubdivisionforloanapplication,andacceptedandsurvey,andriskevaluationandrevieapproachmainamendmentcontent:(a)accordingtoChinabankingsupervisionManagementCommitteepersonalloanmanagementprothistimplementationofthisapproachinallaspectsofthebusinessoperationsrequirementstoeffectivelymanagerisks.II,andheamendmentcontentnotificationfollowing,pleasese