高級英語第四冊詳解

Unit2Marrakech

DetailedStudy

Section1:Para.1-3

?(para1-2)Ex.l

?objectivepresentationofExample1-theburialofthepeopleinMarrakech

?(para3)

?thethesis-M\colonialempiresarefoundeduponthisfact”

?theauthor'scentralidea

?Colonializationisbasedonthefactthatpeopleareverypoor.

Detailedstudy

#1

?ASthecorpse....

?"Theopeningparagraphisverydramatic.Thechoiceofthissceneandthewordshe

usesimpliesmuchmorethanwhatappearsonthesurface.

?1)dirty2)poor

inacloud——

alargenumberofsmallthingsmovingthroughtheairasamass

cloudofinsects

?itsuggests

?1)thelackoforder

▲2)peoplearenotterriblyconcernedaboutthefuneral.

alli^nandboys,nowomen

?AccordingtoMuslimlaw,Muslimsmustrespectwomen,andforthisreasongirlsand

womenusedtobekeptinthehouse,wheretheycouldbesafe.Whentheywentout,

theyworetheveilstocovertheirfaces.

.Butthislawhasbecomeakindofexcusetodiscriminateagainstwomen,

pomegranates---

?referstothefruitofthepomegranatetree,anativeofAsia.Itisaroundreddishfruit

withamildflavour.ThewordcomestoEnglishfromtheoldFrench.

?pome-apple

.granate--

?havingmanyseeds

chant-wordsrepeatedinamonotonoustoneofvoice

?1.awordorgroupofwordsthatisrepeatedoverandoveragain,usuallybymore

thanoneperson.

?2.areligiousprayerorsongthatisspokenorsungononlyaveryfewnotessothat

thereisnotmuchvariationinit.

derelictbuilding-lot

▲Itwouldbeanugly,forgotten,abandonedplacewhereabuildingwasbegunbut

▼neverfinished.

?"derelict"

?--comesfromtheLatinwordmeaning"toabandon"

Section2:Para.4-7

?EX.2

?"TheArabiangovernmentemployeeisaspoorasabeggar.

agazelle—

?ahoofedmammalwithaslenderneckandringedhorns.Gazellesarefamousfor

theirgraceandbeauty,andarenativetoAfricaandAsia.

mintsauce-

?anEnglishspecialtymadeofacombinationofchoppedmintleaves,vinegar;and

water.It'straditionallyservedwithroastlamb.

navvy

.Abbreviationof"navigator”(Bri.obsolete)

stow---

?toput,hideawayinsafeplace

?ifyoustowsth.somewhere,youputitneatlyawayinaplacewhereitcanbekept

untilitisneeded.

?二store

▲stowaway=hide

STOW-

?土豆要在陰涼避光處儲藏。

?Potatoesmustbestowedinacooldarkplace.

?stowaway:

?Myjewelleryissafelystowedawayinthebank.

?Thehungryboystowedawayallthefoodonthetable.

Thismanisanemployeeofthemunicipality.

?Orwellisverygoodatusingsimplestatementstoconveyadeepermeaning.

?Evenanemployedlaborergoesstarving,soyoucanimagineforyourselftheplight

ofthepoorerpeople.

Section3:Para.8-15

?Ex.3

?ThewriterdescribedtheplightoftheJews,anpoorestminorityinacolonialcountry.

Theirfatecouldbeworsethanthatofthenatives.

?1)thelivingconditionsoftheJews

2

?2)thehardworktheJewsdo

?3)biasedattitudeagainsttheJews

?Thespecificexampleofthepeopleclamouringforacigaretteshowsthatthepeople

aresopoor;yetpeoplestillhaverumoursaboutthemandhavegreatprejudice

againstthem.

quarters---

?apartment(room/house)

?residentialareaforparticularkindofpeople

?thedoctor'squarters

?servantsquarters

?officers'auarters

?sleepingquarters

?confinedquarters

ghettoesorghettos

thetraditionalsenseofaportionofacitypopulated

?Aghettoisapartofatownorcityinwhichmanypoorpeopleormanypeopleofa

particularrace,religion,ornationalityliveinisolationfromthemajoritygroupinthe

townorcity.

.一--ghettolifeinEuropeancities

?--slumsandghettos

overcrowding一

?adv+Ving

?dry-cleaning

?over-eating

?updating

?downgrading

sore-eyed■一

Eyesareinfestedfrom

?1.malnutrition

.2.lackofmedicalcare

?3.unhygieniccondition

skull-cap—

?aclose-fittingbrimlesscap

?itisoftenwornindoorsandoftenbyOrthodoxJews.Menwhostrictlypractice

Judaismareneversupposedtohavetheirheadsbared.Theremustbesomepieceof

clothetc.betweenmanandGod.

infest?一

?wheninsects,ratsorotheranimalsinfestaplant,area,theyspreadinalarge

3

numbersandcoverthearea,usuallycausingdamage.

▼overrun;swarm;pack;crowd;teem;flood;fill;bethickwith

?池沼中蚊蟲滋生。

?Mosquitoesinfestswamps.

?swampsareinfestedwithmosquitoes.

booth-

?astallforsellinggoods

▼publictelephonebooth

?anannouncerbooth

?amotionpictureprojectionbooth

prehistoric?一

?ancient;out-of-dateorold-fashioned

.Hisideasonmoralsarereallyprehistoridderogationorhumor)

?IsSimon'sprehistoriccarstillworking?

warpV.■一

?tocausetobend,curve,ortwistoutofshape

?天氣太熱時，唱片會彎翹。

?Somegramophonerecordswarpinveryhotweather.

.N.Amentalormoraltwist

?她性情乖戾c

??施86-&由.warpinhernature.

?fullofuncontrolledexcitement

?那狗狂吠著跳起撲向闖進來的人.

?Thedogjumpedattheintruderwithfrenziedbarks.

?——makefrenziedefforts

?n.frenzy

?在一陣痛恨的狂亂中，他殺死了敵人。

?inafrenzyofhatehekilledhisenemy.

self-contained--

?selfsufficient

.Aself-containedcommunityisoneinwhichallornearlyalltheneedsofthe

communityaremetfromwithin.Thereislittleneedtogooutsideformaterialor

culturaldesires.TheJewishghettosareself-containednotonlybypreferencebut

alsobynecessity,sinceJewsmayhavebeenunwelcomeoutside.

agoodjob-一coll.BrE

afortunatestateofaffairs

4

?Thisrestaurantisnotcheap,soit'sagoodjobyou'vebroughtplentyofmoney.

▼He'sgone,andagoodjobtoo.

That'sonlyforshow■一

?show--n.sthfalseorsuperficial,pretence

.Heputonagoodshow,buthedidn'tdeceiveanyone.

?TheJewonlypretendstoworkasapoorlabourer.

Amakeashowofoneself

y^tchcraft…

▼Orwellisprobablyreferringtomanyoccasionsinthe1600'sinbothEnglandand

Americawheninnocentwomenweretriedandoftenburnedorotherwisepunished

forwitchcraft.Bytheverynatureofthechargeitwasimpossiblefortheaccusedto

defendherself,justasitwasfortheJews.AndliketheJewswitchesservedas

scapegoatsfortheillsofsocietythatcouldn'tbeexplained.Suchtrialsreachedtheir

Secftft冰姐附待0軟1對Salem,Massachusetts.

?Ex.4

.Thecountryisverypoor.Thepovertywasnotnoticedbythewhitepeople.Because

oftheirblackcolour;thewhitepeopledidn'tevenseethem.

?1>Thesoilsarepoor.

?"dried-upsoil"

?"erodedsoil"

?"desolate""waste"

?"broken-upbrick"

?2>Everythingisdonebyhand,"capitalLs"

Section4:Para.16-18

?3>Thefarmingtoolsarerough.

?"Theploughissofrail,aroughironspikewhichstirsstiiletoadepthof

aboutfourinches."

4>Thefarminganimalsareweakandthepeasantscalculatecarefully.

.5>Thenaturalconditionsarepoor.

?"dry"Theyhadtodigdeepditches.

Inahotcountry,anvwheresouthofGibraltaroreastofSuez,thechancesarethatyou

don'tevenseehim.

?YOUdon'tevenseethelabourerploughingthefield.

.SouthofGibraltar—allcountriesorareainNorthAfrica

.EastofSuez—themiddle-eastAsiancountries

ItisonlybecauseofthisthatthestarvedcountriesofAsiaandAfricaareacceptedas

touristresorts.

5

?"This"herestandsfotrhefactthatpeoplealwaysmissthepeasantslaboringthe

fieldsbecausetheyhavethecoloroftheearth.

.Itisonlybecauseofthisreasonthatthesepoorstarvedcountriesareacceptedas

touristresorts.

WhatdoesMoroccomeantoaFrenchman?...

?MoroccobeingaFrenchcolony,tomanyFrenchmenMoroccohasnomoremeaning

thanaplacewheretheymightfindagovernmentjob,buyanorangegrovewiththeir

moneyorinvesthismoney.

?TOanEnglishmanMoroccomeansnothingbutaromantic,mysteriouscountrywhich

hehasreadinthenovels.Camels,castlesaretheromanticbitsinhismindbythe

novels.

erode-

?vi./vt.wearaway;eatinto

?ifrockorsoilerodesoriserodedbytheweather,seaorwind,itcracksandbreaksso

thatitisgraduallydestroyed.

?記憶猶如石頭，時間和距離像酸一樣腐蝕著它們。

?Memoriesarelikestones,timeanddistanceerodethemlikeacid.

#16-17

?Haveyoualreadysensedoutthetone?

?Orwellhereisextremelybitterandironical.

?Hedidn'topenlycriticizethewhitecolonialistswhopaidnoattentiontothepeople

whosufferfrompovertyandmisery.Instead,hepretendsthattheyhaveasound

reasontoignoresuchpeople.Thepeoplesimplycannotbeseenbecausetheyareof

thecoloroftheearth.

desolate-一

?adj.barren;(ofaplace)inaruinedandneglectedstate

?1.Ifsthisdesolate,itisemptyofpeopleandlackingincomfort.

.2.Ifsb.isdesolate,theyfeelverysad,lonelyandwithouthope.

?我在這個孤孤零零的地方，在這種孤零凄涼的情況下度我的余生。

?inthisdesolateplace,andinthisdesolatemannerIshouldendmylife.

那座城市被燒成一片廢墟。

▼Thecitywasburnedintoadesolatewaste.

desolate-

?v.—

?入侵的軍隊使那個國家飽受蹂蹣。

?Theinvadingarmydesolatedthecountry.

lucerne一

的好拼*的四根力做騙知唯典映育邰

81al3eiPads)ismore

6

?harrow---n.heavyframewithmetalteethordisksforbreakingupgroundafter

ploughing

Thisisasmuch...equalto

?Theanimalsyokedtotheploughhadjustenoughstrengthtoploughthesoiltoa

depthofaboutfourinches.Theycouldnotmakedeeperfurrows.

getat

?toreach

.Marrakechisverydry.Evenatadepthof30or40feetthereisonlybutatrickleof

water.

Section5:Para.19-21

.Ex.5themiserablelifeofwomen

?Thewriterisdescribingobjectivelythephysicalappearanceoftheoldwoman,yet

hisangercomesthrough.Noticehischoiceofwords.

?(poor;old;mummified;reducedtobones;leatheryskin;bentdouble;crushing

weight)

#19.

.Miserablelifeofwomen

Isupposethatfromherpointofview,bytakinganynoticeofher;Iseemedalmosttobe

violatingalawofnature.

?Theauthorgavetheoldwomanalittlemoney.Theresponsewasashrillwailforshe

wasgreatlysurprised.Theoldwomanwasfullyaccustomedtohermiserable

existenceandtonotbeingtakennoticeofbyanyone,soshealmostconsideredthe

authortobedoingsomethingunnaturalbygivingherthemoney.

Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.

?shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthesociety,that

shewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal.

St.Bernarddog一

?ASaintBernarddogisalarge,strongdog,thebreedofwhichcomesfrom

Switzerland.Thesedogsareoftenusedasapatroldogsinthemountains.Thename

comesfromthemonksoftheSaintBernardmonasterywhomadeuseofthebreed.

Section6:Para.22-26

^Conclusion

?descriptionoftheblacktroopsingeneralandoneblacksoldierindividually.

?itwon'tbelongforthewhitepeopletokeeptheseblackpeopleinignorance.

#22.Asthestorks...

.Thepassiveploddingzearth-boundblacksarecontrastedwiththeglitteringwhite

birdssogreat,pureandloftywhosailabovetheminthesky.Whiletheformerare

weigheddownbyheavypacks,aresweatinganduncomfortablyhot,thelatterareto

7

soarunfetteredinthecoolskyabove.

Senegalese

.TheblacksoldierswerefromSenegal.

?Senegal:RepublicofSenegal,acountryinwesternAfrica,formerlypartofFrench

WestAfrica,population-5,085,388,capitalDakar.Itbecameindependentin1960.

reach-me-down

?Britishcolloquialism

?second-handorreadymadeclothing

Isawhowitwas.

.1understandthereasonwhy.

.Thisistheresultofcolonization

Thiswretchedboy....

?Thismiserableblackboyis,asaresultofthecolonizationofhiscountry,aFrench

citizen.Thereforehehasbeenforcedtoleavehishomeintheforestandcometoa

garrisontownwhereheahstodohardlaborsuchasscrubbingfloorsforthewhites

andwherehewillcatchsyphilis.Howeverthisboy,insteadofhatingthewhites,has

In蠟MPcC^^nfQIthem.

?inthiscase.

Itdoesn'tmattertwopence:

?itdoesn'tmatterabit.

?itdoesn'tmatteratall.

NCO

.NCO.orNonCOs

?Non-commissionedofficer;anenlistedpersonofanyvariousgradesinthearmed

forces,fromcorporal下士tosergeant軍士inclusive

?cattles/soldiers-obedient

Symbol

?whitebird/scrapsofpaper

一symbolicoffreedom

Language

1.simplewords,simplestatementstoconveydeepermeaning

2.theuseofrhetoricalquestionswhichisveryeffectiveinconveyinghisanger

3.terse,lucidprosestyle.

4.gooddiction

Exercise

?vn1.cr曲因痛苦、憂傷或悲哀而發出悲切的聲音，并伴以流淚。weep更具體,

強調流淚；sob指嗚嗚咽咽、一吸一頓地哭泣；wail指無法抑制悲哀而拖長聲調

8

痛哭；whimper43指像受驚的小孩一樣聲音壓抑地、時斷時續地哭；moan則指

因悲傷或痛苦而低聲地、拖長聲調地哀嘆。

?即2.mania本指狂郁精神病所表現出的癥狀，具體表現為喜怒無常，時哭時笑，

行為不能自制；delirium指暫時性精神極端錯亂（如酒醉發燒時），具體表現為煩躁

不安、語無倫次和產生幻覺；frenzy是非醫學用語，指狂暴不能自制。hysteria

在精神病學上指心因性紊亂，表現為容易激動、焦躁不安、感官和運動功能紊亂

以及不自覺地模擬眼瞎、耳聾等。用于引申義時，mania指對于某事的愛好達到

狂熱的程度，成為癖好，如amaniafordrinkin黯酒）；delirium指極度興奮，如a

deliriumofjoy|王喜）；hysteria指強烈的、不可控制的感情爆發,如：Shelaughedand

criedinherhysteria（她又是笑又是哭,感情難以控制。）。

?3.flash指突發的、短暫而耀眼的閃光；gleam指黑暗中閃現出的一束穩定的光

線；sparkle指星星點點的閃光；glitter指由物體反射出的星星點點的閃光；glisten

指外部亮光反射于沾水的平面上而顯出的光亮；shimmer指由微波蕩漾的水面反

照出的柔和的閃光。

Exercise

?x.Whenwritingsentencesweknowthatsomethoughtsareoffirstimportance

whileothersjustsupportthemainthoughtorgiveexplanatorydetails.Themain

thoughtshouldbeinthemainsentenceanddependentorminorideasshouldbe

placeinsubordinateconstructions.

Xl.AftertheBritisharmyhadlostallitsequipmentatDunkirk,therewasonlyasingle

armoreddivisionlefttoprotectthehomeisland.

?2.Althoughthedryprairielandwilldriftawayinduststorms,itisstillbeingplowed

forprofitlesswheatfarming.

?3.Iftheeducationalprogramistosucceed,ithastohavemorethanmerefinancial

supportfromthegovernment.

?4.Theyhavewastedtheirnaturalresources,whichtheyshouldhaveprotectedand

conserved.

?5.SoonothersettlerswerecominginoverthefirstroughtrailwhichtheCaldwell

familyhadopened.

?6.TheSmithsonianInstituteisconstantlyworking,withlittleornopublicity,fora

betterunderstandingofnatureforman'sbenefit.

?7.QueenMarywaseasilyshakenbypassions-passionsofloveandofhatredand

revenge.

?8.ForafewdaysIdreadedopeningthedoorofhisoffice.

?9.Concealedbythefogofearlydawn,Icrawledoutandmademywaytothebeach.

?10.Leavingthedoorofthesafeunlockedandtakingtheleatherbagofcoins,I

walkeddownthestreettowardthebank.

Unit3

PubTalkandtheKing'sEnglish

巡配第應聞心.1-3

9

Sect.Ipar.1-3

Thewriterputsforwardthetheses.

?1.Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.

e2.Barconversationhasacharmofitsown.

#1Conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivities.

?Conversationhelpstopromoteanagreeablepleasantandinformalrelationship

amongpeople.

sociable

?Adj.friendlyoragreeable,esp.inaneasy,informalway

?史密斯一家人很好交際。

?Thesmithsareasociablefamily.

?Shehatessherry,tolerateswine,andoccasionallysipsatchampagnetobesociable.

?她討厭雪利酒，可以喝一點葡萄酒，有時，為了社交她也喝一點香檳酒。

Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.

?-Andconversationisanactivitywhichisfoundonlyamonghumanbeings.

■Animalsandbirdsarenotcapableofconversation.

intricate--complicated

.Theintrlcarecomputerrequiresaskilledoperator.

■anintricateplot

indulgein

?allowoneselftohaveorenjoy

?容許自己享受；盡情

他不再過度吸煙了。

?Henolongerindulgedhimselfinsmoking.

?音樂會后,我們盡情享受了一頓昂貴的晚宴。

?Weindulgedinanexpensivesupperaftertheconcert.

?別總是紙上談兵。

#Don'talwaysindulgeinemptytalk.

io

?Howtomakegoodconversation?

Whatmakesgoodconversation?

?Anythingcanstartaconversation.Itdoesnotneedaspecialtopictostarta

conversation.Andoncestarted,nooneknowshoworwhereitwillend.

?Whatspoilstheconversationispeoplewhothinktheyhavealotofimportantthings

tosay.Hewhowouldhaveanythingimportanttosayspoilstheconversation.

?Conversationisnotformakingapoint.

Thereisnowinninginconversation.Onedoesnottrytoprovehimselfrightand

?otherswrong.Wemayarguebutweneedn'ttrytoconvinceothersthattheyare

wrongandweareright.

Thecharmoftheconversation...asitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.

?meandersorleaps:toflowplacidlyandaimlesslyortoflowswiftlyandjoyously

onwards

隔淅@esorjustglows:toburnbrightlythrowingoffsparksortoburnsteadilywithout

metaphor

meander

leap

--一river

??

1.flowslowlyturninghereandthere

2.jumpover

metaphor

?Sparkle

?glow

?--fire

?1.smallflashes

?2.brightlight

mixedmetaohor

meander/sparkle-smooth/peaceful

11

leap/glow--exciting/heated

Thewriterinthesamesentencecomparesconversationtoriverandfireaswell.

斷ixedmetaphor

?Amixedmetaphorisonethatleapsfromoneidentificationtoathirdidentification

thatisinconsistentwiththefirstone;Asuccessionofincongruousmetaphors

?混雜隱喻即在使用隱喻時,隱喻概念前后不一致，缺乏隱喻連貫性

“Theshipofstateisgoingoffthefails.

itiakeapoint

?proveeffectivelytruthofo他statementbyargumentorinsomeotherway.

?立論；證明觀點

,主席先生，我可以說明一下我的看法嗎？

Mr.chairman,mayImakeapoint?

1她們知道如何利用自己溫柔的一面去表明自己的觀點。

?Theyknowhowtousetheirsoftersidetomakeapoint.

Theyarereadytoletitgo.

?Theyarereadytogiveuptheopportunitytotelloneoftheirbestanecdotes(because

theconversationhasmovedontoothersubjects)

#3

therealthesis-

Barconversationhasacharmofitsown

Whydoesthewriterlikebarconversationsomuch?

Thewriterhasspentalotoftimeinpubsandisusedtothiskindofconversation.

^^2.Bargoersarenotintimatefriends.

9Bar/church,theplaceforpeopletomakefriends.Barplaysanimportantroleinsocial

activitiesinthewesternworld.

up-bringing

-thetrainingandeducationreceivedwhilegrowingup

?Hisupbringingexplainsalotabouthisattitudetowardswomen.

12

ontherocks——

infmlcliche

wreckedorruined

J^MrJones'businesswasontherocks.

=Hisbusinesswaslosingmoneyandalmostruined.

ontherocks

彳U2.withiceonly

Sallyorderedanorangejuiceontherocks.

=Sallyorderedanorangejuicewithicecubes.

Marriageiscomparedtoashipwreckedontherocks.

getoutofbedonthewrongside

今getuponthewrongsideofthebed

Ancientsuperstition

.Gettingoutofbedonthe"wrongside"willbringyou"bad"luck.Thewrongside

isusuallythe"left"side.Whenonegetoutofbedonthe"wrong"side,itusually

meansyou'reinthe"grumpy"or"bad"mood.

Gobacktobedandgetupontherightside.

Ancientsuperstition

2.“Steponaspider...itissureto"rain

Thissuperstitionistoldtoallchildren,becausenoonewantsittorain.Spiders

?generallylivealongandhealthylife.

3.Thenumber13hasoftenbeenthoughttobeabadomen.Peopleshouldnever

invite13gueststodinner.Itisbelievedthatonewilldiebeforetheyearisout.

Ancientsuperstition

4."Fridaythe13th“isdaytostayathomeanddonothing.Itisdoublyunlucky,

whenthe13thofthemonthfallsonaFriday."Bad"thingswillhappen.Many

peoplerefrainfromstartingactivitiesonthe"13th"tomakesurenoevilwill

happentothem.

delve-

13

dig,research;investigate

?鉆研書本

?dekeintobook

?調查過去的情況

?delveintothepast

.Ifyoudelveintosth,youtrytodiscovernewinformationaboutit.

twokindsoflanguage:

a)colloquialexpression

?ontherocks

?getoutofbedonthewrongside

b)literaryallusion文學典故,引喻inreferencetoaperson;event;story

MusketeersofDuma?

?ThethreeMusketeersinDumas'novelareveryclosefriends.Theysupportedeach

otherwiththeirfortuneandtheirlives,yettheyshowednocuriosityinortriedto

findoutanythingabouteachother'sprivatelife.

Para.1-3WordBank:

?Sociableintricateindulgeinmeander;leapsparkle;glow

?makeapointup-bringingontherocksgetoutofbedonthewrongside

delve

Section2:Para.4-11

?Sect.IIpar^4-ll

?anexampletosupportthethesis

.nofixedtopic:theKing'sEnglish-Australia-Saxonchurls-thelanguagebarriers

?Theexamplehaswellexplainedwhereitscharmlies.

#4

?Specificexample.Itmaybeusedasatransitionalparagraph.Inordertoarouse

thereaderscuriositythewriterdidn'tmentionthetopicuntilthenext

paragraph.

desultoryadj.

aimless,half-hearted(fml)散漫

14

ThewordcomesfromtheLatin"desuitor"-leaper.Somethingthatisdesultoryis

doneorhappeninanunplannedanddisorganizedway,andwithoutenthusiasm.

?漫談

.adesultoryconversation

漫步

?adesultorywalk

alchemyn.—magic

CQltheformofchemistrystudiedintheMiddleAges,whichwasespecially

concernedwithtryingtodiscoverwaystochangeordinarymetalsintogold.

CQaliteraryuse,thepowertodosth.sowellthatitseemsmysteriousand

magical

iCQjthealchemyofhisperformance

...theconversationmoveddesultorilyhereandthere,...,andallatoncetherewasa

focus.

?Theconversationrambledaimlesslywithoutafocalsubject.Theytalkedaboutthe

mostcommonthingsandalsomadesomeremarksabouttheplanetJupiter.Then

suddenlyamagicaltransformationtookplaceandtherewasafocalsubjecttotalk

about.

#5

atermofcriticism

?TheKing'sEnglishisakindoflanguageoneshouldtrytouseandimitate.Someone

toldmethatthelanguageshouldnotbeused.Thetermiscriticizinginsteadof

praising.

#6

Theglowoftheconversationburstintoflames.

?Metaphor

■Conversation->fire

■Theconversationbecamespiritedandexciting.

affirmationn.

口工Qastatementofyourbeliefinandsupportforthem

◎贊同平等

15

CBaffirmationofequality

Thatwouldsettleit;

?Bylookingupreferencebooksonecouldsettletherightorwrongofanargument.

...itcouldstillgignorantlyon.

■Theconversationcouldgoonwithoutanybodyknowingwhowasrightorwrong.

#7ItwasanAustraKa.fromthedescendantsofconvicts.

?Convictn.

.apersonwhohasbeenfoundguiltyofacrimeandsenttoprisonesp.foralongtime

?anescapedconvict

■anex-convict

#7ItwasanAustralian...fromthedescendantsofconvicts.

?WhenthespeakerexplainedthatthedefinitionwasgiventoherbyanAustralian,her

listenersimmediatelymadesomesharpcuttingrepliessayingitwasnotsurprisingto

hearAustralianstalksuchnonsensebecausetheyweredescendantsofconvicts.

#8

barrier;obstacle,difficulty

?difficulty―

themostgeneralofthewordsandmaybeappliedlooselytoany

troublesomestateofaffairs

EQtohavedifficultyinlearninghighermathematics

EQthedifficultvofdrivingacarthroughdeepmud

barrier,obstacle,difficulty

?obstacle

Q--somethingthatonemusteitherremoveorgoaroundbeforebeingableto

proceed

Thehugetreethathadbeenblowndownbythestormwasanobstacleto

?traffic.

?IIIhealthmaybeanobstacletoachild'sprogressinschool,

barrier,obstacle,difficulty

?barrier

>"anobstaclethattemporarilyimpedesprogressbutisnotnecessarily

impassable.

?Writersnevertireofdepictingthebarriersthatarisebetweenparentsand

16

growingchildren.

swingv.

.—(causeto)changetoalargedegree

?你能讓他們轉而支持我的觀點嗎？

?Canyouswingthemroundtomypointofview?

?Leadingnewspapersswungagainsthim.

?一些重要報紙改變立場反對他。

Theconversationwasonwings.

■metaphor

?Conversation

?Abirdflyingandsoaring

?#9

snobbery-

?1.theattitudeofsomeonewhobelongstoo