廣州市新版教材八年級英語上冊期中語法復習Unit1some與any的區別some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個〞作形容詞時，后面可以接①不可數名詞+單數動詞；②可數名詞+復數動詞。Look!Someofthestudentsarecleaningthelibrary.Somericeinthebaghasbeensoldout.2〕any多用于疑問句、條件句和否認句中，表示“一些，任何〞用作形容詞時，后面可接①不可數名詞+單數動詞；②可數名詞+復數動詞。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.Thereisn'tanyorangeinthebottle.Haveyougotanytea?any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些〞。any多用于疑問句或否認句中，some多用于肯定句中。Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Ican'tseeany.Ifyouhavenomoney,I'lllendyousome.復合不定代詞由some,every,no,any分別與one,thing和body組合即可得到以下復合不定代詞：一般來說，由some構成的復合不定代詞往往用于肯定句中；而由any構成的復合不定代詞那么往往用于否認句或疑問句中。IheardsomeonesingingwhenIwasatworklastnight.Pleasegivemesomethingtoread.(拓展〕由some構成的復合不定代詞有時也可用于疑問句中，用來表示請求、建議等語句。Wouldyoulikesomethingtoread?Whynotbuysomethinginteresting?復合不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。Somebodywantstoseeyou.IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?形容詞修飾復合不定代詞something,anything,everything,nothing等時，要放在不定代詞的后面。Doyouhaveanythingimportanttotellus?Weneedonemorehelper.Canyoufindanyoneelse?Unit2基數詞與序數詞基數詞的用法基數詞是表示數目多少的詞用于名詞前表示數量的多少。Ihavethreepens.表示時間。It?seleveno?clocknow.3.表示年齡。Mymotheristhirty-eightyearsold.4.表示價格Thebikeistwohundredandthirty-fiveyuan.5.基數詞在表示確切的數字時，不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復數形式；但是，當基數詞表示不確切數字，如成百、成千上萬，三三兩兩時，基數詞那么以復數形式出現。Therearetwohundredpeopleintheroom.6.表示人的不確切歲數或年代，用幾十的復數形式表示。Hebecameaprofessorinhisthirties．他三十多歲時成為了教授。序數詞的用法序數詞是表示順序先后的詞，其主要用法有表示順序Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.2、表示第幾次ThisismysecondtimetovisitNanjing.3、表示日期TodayisthefifthofMarch..〔拓展〕1、序數詞主要用做定語，通常在前面加定冠詞the.但序數詞前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格修飾時，不用冠詞theMrLinlivesonthefifthfloor.Simonishisthirdchild.2.如果序數詞前出現不定冠詞a或an,那么表示“再，又〞。You?llhavetodoitasecondtime.3.表示編號時，可用“序數詞+名詞〞或“名詞+基數詞〞。Let?sstudythefifthlesson.=let?sstudyLessonFive.三、加、減、乘、除的英文表達1.2plus2isfour.2.6minus3isthree.3.7multipliedby8is56.4.16dividedby4is4.Unit3形容詞比擬級和最高級大多數形容詞有三種形式，原級，比擬級和最高級，以表示形容詞說明的性質在程度上的不同。B.形容詞的原級:形容詞的原級形式就是詞典中出現的形容詞的原形。例如:poor,tall,great，glad,bad等C.形容詞的比擬級和最高級:形容詞的比擬級和最高級形式是在形容詞的原級形式的根底上變化的。分為規那么變化和不規那么變化。規那么變化如下;一、變化規那么1.規那么變化：一般在詞尾加er或est：bright___________;以不發音的e字母結尾的加r,或st：large;___________以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為I加er或est:easy___________；以輔元輔重讀結尾的詞先雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加er或est:fat___________〔5〕多音節詞前加more或most,副詞最高級前省略the：beautiful___________(6)局部形容詞本身表示最高級，因此他們沒有比擬級和最高級形式：favoriteround不規那么變化：good,well;bad,badly,ill;much,many;little;far;〔slowly〕★注：只有少數形容詞和副詞有兩種比擬級和最高級形式：cleverlucky常用的不規那么變化的形容詞的比擬級和最高級形容詞前如加less和least那么表示“較不〞和?.最不〞importantlessimportantleastimportant4.形容詞和副詞等級的用法一、原級的用法1修飾原級的詞通常有very，quite，so，too等例如，Heistootiredtowalkon.他太累了以至于不能再繼續走了。MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan?tfollowhim.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。原級常用的句型結構A.形容詞“甲+be+(倍數)+as+形容詞原級+as+乙〞表示“甲和乙程度相同〞或“甲是乙的幾倍〞例如，TomisasoldasKate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。TomistwiceasoldasKate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。B.副詞“甲+實意動詞+(倍數)+as+副詞原級+as+乙〞表示“甲和乙程度相同〞或“甲是乙的幾倍〞例如，TomrunsasfastasMike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。TomrunstwiceasfastasMike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍A.形容詞“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+乙〞甲不如乙…例如，Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.這個房間不如那個大。B.副詞“甲+助動詞+not+動詞原形+as/so+副詞原級+as+乙〞甲不如乙…例如，Hedoesn?twalkasslowlyasyou.他走路不像你那樣慢。二、比擬級的用法1.可以修飾比擬級的詞，much，alot，far，…的多alittle，abit，…一點兒；even甚至，still仍然例如LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.第一課比第二課容易得多。Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。Thistrainrunsmuchfasterthanthatone.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。Shedrivesstillmorecarefullythanherhusband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認真。2.比擬級常用的句型結構“甲+be+(倍數)+形容詞比擬級+than+乙〞表示“甲比乙…〞或“甲比乙…幾倍〞例如，TomistallerthanKate.湯姆比凱特高。Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個房間比那個大三倍。“甲+實意動詞+(倍數)+副詞比擬級+than+乙〞表示“甲比乙…〞或“甲比乙…幾倍〞例如，Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還早。Herunsthreetimesfasterthanhisbrother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍A.形容詞“甲+be+形容詞比擬級+than+anyother+單數名詞(+介詞短語)〞表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個人/物都……〞，含義“甲最……〞。例如，TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyoftheotherriversinChina.長江比中國的任何一條其他的河都長。=TheYangtzeRiverislongerthantheotherriversinChina.長江比中國的其他所有的河都長。(3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比擬級+ofthetwo+……〞表示“甲是兩者中較……的〞。例如：Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.看那兩個男孩，我弟弟是兩5個當中較高的那個。(4)“比擬級+and+比擬級〞表示“越來越……〞。例如，Heisgettingtallerandtaller.他變得越來越高了。Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。Hedoeshishomeworkmoreandmorecarefully.他做作業越來越認真了。(5)“the+比擬級，the+比擬級〞表示“越……，越……〞。例如，Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyou?llmake.你越認真，犯的錯誤越少。(6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比擬級，甲or乙？〞例如，Whichisbigger，theearthorthemoon？哪一個大，地球還是月球？“特殊疑問詞+實意動詞+副詞比擬級，甲or乙？〞例如，Whodrawsbetter，JennyorDanny？誰畫得比擬好，詹妮還是丹尼？最高級常用句型結構(1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級+單數名詞+in/of短語〞表示“……是……中最……的〞。例如，Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.“主語+實意動詞+(the)+副詞最高級+單數名詞+in/of短語〞表示“……是……中最……的〞。例如，Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.(2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數名詞+in/of短語〞表示“……是……中最……之一〞。例如，BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中國最大城市之一。(3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？〞用于三者以上的比擬。例如，Whichcountryisthelargest，China，BrazilorCanada？“特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級+甲，乙，or丙？〞用于三者以上的比擬例如，Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best，spring，summerorautumn？Unit1語法專練單項選擇題Wehave______apples.Butwedon?thave_____bananas.A.some;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some2.Isthere_______inthisbook?A.somethinginterestingB,anythinginterestingC.interestingsomethingD.interestinganything3.--Is_______here?Yes,weareallhere.A.anybodyBeverybodyC.somebodyD.nobody4.Does______knowtheanswertothequestion?Me.A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody5.--Peterhasnothingtodoatthemoment.--Letmegivehim_______toreadanythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothingIaskedmyfriendforsomeink,butshedidn'thave.A.someB.anyC.noD.alotParentsshouldunderstandthattheycan'tdo_____fortheirchildrenandkidshavetolearntobeindependent.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.Anything8.Ifeltsohungryatmidnight,butIcouldn'tfind________toeatinmyflat.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.Nothing9.TheEnglishguestcouldspeakonlyChinese,butshemanagedtocommunicatewithus.A.fewB.littleC.alittleD.afew10.-Haveyoubrought_______withyou?Wewon?thavetimetocomeback.-Don?tworry.Allthethingsweneedarehere,inthisbigbag.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.EverythingKeys:1-5CBBBB6-10BCCCDUnit2語法專練--Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?--Yes,itis__________.A.856,620B.85,626C.58,662D.58,626September_______isTeachers?Day.A.thetenB.thetenthC.theten?sD.TenHowmanynewwordsaretherein______lesson?Thereareonly______.A.nine;threeB.ninth;threeC.theninth;thethreeD.theninth;three4.--Whichroomdoyoulivein?--Ilivein_______.A.Room405B.the405?sroomC.the405roomD.Room405th5.Thereare_____ofstudentsinourschoolbutonly_____ofthemareboys.A.hundreds;twohundredB.hundred;twohundredsC.Hundreds;twohundredsD.hundred;twohundred6._______plussevenisthirteen.A.FiveB.SixC.EightD.Nine7.We?rethestudentsof_______.A.GradeThreeB.ThreeGradeC.theGradeThreeD.theThreeGrade8.Theroadisover_______metreslong.sixhundredandfifty-twoB.sixhundredsandfifty-twoC.sixhundred,fifty-twoD.sixhundred;fiftyandtwo--Whatshouldwedonow,Mr.Black?--PleaseturntoPage______andlookatthe_____picture.Twelve;fifthB.Twelfth;fifthC.TwelvefiveD.Twelfthfive10.Thereare_______inourclassroom.hundredofbooksB.thehundredsofbooksC.hundredsofbooksD.hundredofbookKeys:BBDAABAAACUnit3-4語法專項訓練寫出以下單詞的比擬級和最高級large__________________2.happy___________________3.big_____________________4.easy_____________________5.important____________________________interesting_______________________early____________________8.clever_________________9.expensive__________________________10.careful___________________11.good/well__________________12.many/much___________________13.little____________________14.far_______________15.bad/ill_____________________1.largerlargest2.happierhappiest3.biggerbiggest4.easiereasiest5.moreimportantmostimportant6.moreinterestingmostinteresting7.earlierearliest8.cleverercleverest9.moreexpensivemostexpensive10.morecarefulmostcareful11.betterbest12.moremost13.lessleast14.farther/furtherfarthest/furthest15.worseworst二．單項選擇題。__Dad,howcanIgetonwellwithmyclassmates?—Trytobefriendlytothem.Thatwillmakeitmuch____.A.easilyB.moreeasilyC.easyD.easierIthinkthesecardsarethanthosecards.A.niceB.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest—Whichcityisyourfavorite?—Hangzhou,ofcourse.It’sthe_____placethatIwanttovisit.worseB.worstC.betterD.best—Whichdoyoulike,summerorwinter?—Iprefersummer.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best—Whosehomeis______awayfromschoolinourclass?—LiuMei’s.A.fatherB.farC.thefarthestD.near6.Manypeopleeat_____meatthantheydidbefore.—Yes,that’swhythey’regettingfatterandfatter.A.moreB.lessC.fewerD.Much—Thereusedtobelotsoffishinthelake.—Yes,buttherearevery__________now.fewB.fewerC.littleD.LessNanjingisn’tsolarge__________Shanghai,however,it’sthesecond__