人教選擇性必修第四冊Unit3ReviewUsefulStructures12Toreviewandconsolidatetheuseofinfinitive

Tomastertheuseofinfinitiveinthespecificcontext目標(biāo)一：ToreviewandconsolidatetheuseofinfinitiveActivity1:Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.(S)(OC)(Ad)(Attr)(P)(O;Attr)(S)...whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange....therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore....ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic....thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects....theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(Attr)(O)(Attr;Ad)(Attr)(Attr;Attr;OC)Whatcananinfinitivefunctionas?Whataretheformsofinfinitives?SummaryTheinfinitives

不定式不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，在句中可以作除謂語以外的其他成分，如主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、定語、狀語等。e.g.

Tosayisonething;todoisanother.Hewantstoknowhismother’ssecret.Mydreamistowriteabookaboutmylife.Theprofessoraskedherassistanttomakeadetailedplan.ThebestplacetovisitinMayismyhometown.Ireturnedhomeonlytofindshehadleft.不定式的用法不定式作主語和賓語2.常跟不定式作賓語的動詞：agree,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,intend,learn,plan,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,threaten,wish1.當(dāng)主語較長、謂語較短時，常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。e.g.

Itwaswiseofyoutorefusehisinvitation.注意：1）有些動詞既可跟不定式，又可跟ing形式作賓語，但意義有所區(qū)別。這類動詞有remember,forget,regret,try,mean等。remember/forget/regrettodo記得/忘記/遺憾去做……remember/forget/regretdoing記得/忘記/遺憾做了……trytodo 盡力去做……trydoing 嘗試著做……meantodo 打算做……meandoing 意味著做……

e.g.I’msorrytohavedonethat.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.Thatdoesn’tmeanreadingittooslowly.不同意義和用法need/want(想要)todosth.need/want(需要)/require(需要)+doing=need/want(需要)/require(需要)+tobedone

(v.-ing主動形式表被動意義)2）這三個詞need,want,require既可跟不定式，又可跟ing形式作賓語，但意義和用法不同。e.g.Theflowerswant/need/requirewateringonceaweek.Theflowerswant/needtobewateredonceaweek.不定式作定語不定式作狀語1.不定式作狀語，常表示目的、原因、結(jié)果等。e.g.Theyweregladtoseetheirsontakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.

Tocatchthebus,Igotupatsixthismorning．Ijumpedwithjoytohearit.2.不定式作結(jié)果狀語時，常用于“only+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示未曾預(yù)料到的或令人不快的結(jié)果。

e.g.Afriendofminecametosee

metonight.Alanliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.不定式作補(bǔ)語advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon,dependon1.跟不定式作補(bǔ)語的動詞及動詞詞組：e.g.We’retryingto

persuade

manufacturerstosellthemhere.不定式的構(gòu)成與形式動詞不定式主動被動用法一般時todotobedone表示動作與謂語動作同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動作之后完成時tohavedonetohavebeendone表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前進(jìn)行時tobedoing/表示謂語動作發(fā)生時,不定式的動作正在進(jìn)行完成進(jìn)行時tohavebeendoing/表示其動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前并且一直在進(jìn)行目標(biāo)二：TomastertheuseofinfinitiveinthespecificcontextActivity1:Jointhewordstomakesentencesusinginfinitives.Thendecidethefunctionofeachinfinitive.Activity2:ReadthebeginningofTheLittleMermaidandusetheproperformsoftheverbsinbracketstofillintheblanks.Faroutintheocean,wherethewaterisasclearasglass,livestheSeaKing.Theoceanistoodeep_________(measure).Wemayimaginethereisnothingexceptyellowsandunderthesea,butactuallyitisnotrare______(see)themostuniqueflowersandplants_______(dance)inthefast-movingwater.InthedeepestspotofallstandstheSeaKing’scastle,whichhaswallsofcoralandaroof______(form)ofbeautifulshells.

Themotheroftheking,awisewomanwhoisproud_____________(be)bornintotheroyalfamily,takescareofhissixdaughters.Amongthesixsea-princesses,theyoungestistheprettiest.

tomeasure

tosee

dancing

tohave

beenformed

toplay

swimming

/toswim

swimming

nottoworryWhatdoyouthinkhappensnext?Suggestedanswer...whowantstoseewhatlifeislikeonland.Sheswimsallthewaytothesurfaceandseesalargeship.Ittravelstowardheratgreatspeedandterrifiesher.Sheswimsbelowthesurfaceofthewa