2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期浙江省9+1高中聯(lián)盟高二年級(jí)期中考試英語考生須知：1.本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘;2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級(jí)、姓名、考場、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并核對(duì)條形碼信息;3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效，考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷;4.參加聯(lián)批學(xué)校的學(xué)生可關(guān)注“啟望教育”公眾號(hào)查詢個(gè)人成績分析。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題部分)第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：短對(duì)話(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthemanwanttobuyhisbrotherapresent?A.Hisbrotherisfinishinghighschool.B.Hisbrotheristurning18nextweek.C.Hisbrothergraduatedfromcollege.2.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$15.B.$12.C.$10.3.Whywastheboytalkinginclass?A.Hewasnotpayingattention.B.Hehadsomethingtotelltheclass.C.Heneededtoknowthepagenumber.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sheishisstudent.B.Sheishisdaughter.C.Sheishispatient.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howtheyspenttheirweekend.B.Wheretheyspenttheirweekend.C.Whotheyspenttheirweekendwith.第二節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthewomangethere?A.OnThursday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.7.WhatisTim’smajor?A.English.B.History.C.Biology.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatisAnne’snationality?A.American.B.British.C.Italian.9.WhatdoesAnne’ssisterdo?A.She’sastudent.B.She’sanartist.C.She’sanarchitect.10.WhatisJackgoingtodonext?A.Putonahat.B.Cleanthehouse.C.Gotohisroom.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Accordingtotheconversation,whatdoesGooglewanttodo?A.Researchdrivers’sleeppatterns.BReplacealldriverswithcomputers.C.Promotemoredriverlesstrucking.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestabouttrucks?A.Humandriversreactquickerthanmachines.B.Manyjobsdisappearwithself-drivingtrucks.C.Manyaccidentsinvolvehuman-drivingtrucks.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutself-drivingtrucks?A.He’salittlescaredbythem.B.He’sexcitedbytheirspeed.C.Hethinksthey’remuchsafer.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofJessica?A.Shewasenergetic.B.Shewasnaughty.C.Shewaspolite.15.Whatdidthewomaneatfordinner?A.Japanesefood.B.Chinesenoodles.C.Pizzadeliveredhome.16.Howmuchdoesthewomanchargeperhour?A.Fifteendollars.B.Tendollars.C.Twentydollars.17.Wheredidthemangotonight?A.Toarestaurant.B.Toafriend’shouse.C.Toamovietheater.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題.18.Forwhatpurposearesomegamersplaying“Stray”?A.Toimprovethegame.B.Toraisemoney.C.Towinrealcats.19.Whathappenedwhen“Stray”wasfirstshownonTwitch?A.Itrankedfirstamongthemostwatchedgames.B.Itbecamethefourthmostpurchasedgame.C.Itenjoyedasuccessfarbeyondexpectations.20.WhatimpactdoesSwannMartin-Ragethope“Stray”have?A.Itcaninspirepeopletocareforhomelessanimals.B.Itcanraisemoremoneyforitscreativeteam.C.Itcanpreventpeoplefromabusinganimals.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15個(gè)小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHereare4booksyoushouldreadatleastonceinyourlife.NumbertheStarsbyLoisIttellsthestoryofaDanishgirlgrowingupinWorldWarIIwithherbestfriend,Ellen,whohappenstobeJewish.WhenshelearnsaboutthehorrorsthattheNazisareimposingontheJewishpeople,sheandherfamilystopatnothingtoprotectEllenandcountlessotherJews.Lois’novelisapowerfulreminderthatculturalandreligiousdifferencesarenodividebetweentruefriends.TheLittlePrincebyAntoineItisthestoryofalittleboywhofallstoEarthfromanAsteroid(小行星)aftervisitingseveralotherasteroidstotrytounderstandmankind.Inhistravelshemeetsaseriesofstrangeanddelightfulcharactersandanuntamedfox.TheLittlePrinceisaheartwarmingtaleofthepoweroffriendshipandtrust.Charlotte’sWebbyE.B.WhiteWhodoesn’tloveanovelabouttalkinganimals?Itopensthedoortoimagination,askingustoimaginewhataworldwhereanimalscouldtalkwouldbelike.Onamoreseriousnote,itchallengesustoaskourselveshowwe’dtreatanimalsiftheycouldtalk.Iftheycouldtellustheirjoysandtheirfears,wouldmankindtreatthemmorehumanely?ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLeeThestorycentersonJeanLouiseFinchanunusuallyintelligentgirlwhoagesfromsixtonineyearsoldduringthenovel.Herfather,AtticusFinch,awell-knownandrespectedlawyer,defendsTomRobinson,anAfricanAmericanwhoisfalselyaccusedofkillingayoungwhitewoman.Itisbothayounggirl’scoming-of-agestoryandadarkerdramaabouttherootsandconsequencesofracismandprejudiceinsociety.1.WhatdothetwobooksNumbertheStarsandTheLittlePrincebothinvolve?A.History. B.Travel. C.Friendship. D.Family.2.WhatkindofbookisCharlotte’sWeb?A.Afairystorybook. B.Ananimalsciencebook.C.Abiologytextbook. D.Ananimalbookforkids.3.WhatsubjectmaythebookToKillaMockingbirdexplore?A.Familyconflicts. B.Careerdesign.C.Legalsystems. D.Socialissues.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本一生至少要讀一次的書?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NumbertheStarsbyLois中“Lois’novelisapowerfulreminderthatculturalandreligiousdifferencesarenodividebetweentruefriends.(Lois的小說有力地提醒我們，文化和宗教的差異并不能區(qū)分真正的朋友)”和TheLittlePrincebyAntoine中“TheLittlePrinceisaheartwarmingtaleofthepoweroffriendshipandtrust.(《小王子》是一個(gè)關(guān)于友誼和信任的力量的暖心故事)”可知，《數(shù)星星》和《小王子》都涉及了友誼。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Charlotte’sWebbyE.B.White中“Whodoesn’tloveanovelabouttalkinganimals?Itopensthedoortoimagination,askingustoimaginewhataworldwhereanimalscouldtalkwouldbelike.(誰不喜歡會(huì)說話的動(dòng)物的小說呢？它打開了想象的大門，讓我們想象一個(gè)動(dòng)物會(huì)說話的世界會(huì)是什么樣子的)”可知，小說《夏洛的網(wǎng)》用想象力描繪了一個(gè)動(dòng)物會(huì)說話的世界，因此是一本童話故事書。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ToKillaMockingbirdbyHarperLee中“Itisbothayounggirl’scoming-of-agestoryandadarkerdramaabouttherootsandconsequencesofracismandprejudiceinsociety.(這既是一個(gè)小女孩的成長故事，也是一部關(guān)于社會(huì)中種族主義和偏見的根源和后果的黑暗戲劇)”可知，《殺死一只知更鳥》揭示了社會(huì)中種族主義和偏見的根源和后果，因此它探究的主題是社會(huì)問題。故選D項(xiàng)。BTheGreatLibraryofAlexandriawasamarvelofancientEgypt.FoundedduringtheHellenisticperiod,sometimebetween324and246BCE,theLibrarywasreportedlyanarchitecturalwonder.Moreimportantly,theLibraryhousedavastcollectionofworksfromallacrosstheancientworldandwasamajorcenterofscholarship.TheLibraryshoulderedthemissionofcollectingalloftheworld’sbooks,andemployednumerousmethodstoacquire(獲得)newworks.Awell-fundedacquisitionsdepartmentsearchedthebookfairsofRhodesandAthens,buyingindividualtextsorevenwholelibraries.ShipsthatlandedattheharborofAlexandriaweresearchedforbookstoaddtotheLibrary’scollection.TheLibraryalsoemployedanumberofscholarswhoproducedoriginalworksonsubjectssuchasastronomy,mathematics,andphysics.Inadditiontocollectingbooksandconductingresearch,thewritersandscholarsoftheGreatLibrarytranslatedtextsfromaroundtheworldintoGreekandcollectedauthoritativeversionsfromdifferenttranslations.SomeofthefirsttranslationsofBiblical(《圣經(jīng)》中的)textsintoGreekmayhaveoccurredattheLibraryinthetimeofPtolemyI.Muchworkwasdonetocompile(編寫)andeditauthoritativeversionsoftheHomericmythsforwhichtheGreeksaresowellknowntoday,andthesewereonlyafewofthegreatworksoftranslationandeditingthattookplaceinAlexandriaintheHellenisticperiod.ItisironicthatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutioncommittedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—ishiddeninmythandmystery.ManysourcessaytheLibraryburneddown,butthedateisuncertain.Itmayhaveburneddownmorethanonce,eitherbyaccident,orintentionally.Smallersisterinstitutionsmayhavesurvivedtheoriginallibrary,tobedestroyedlater.TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherefrom300to1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.4.Howdidtheygetsomanybooksforthelibrary?A.Bysendingtheshipstosearchforbooks.B.BytranslatingGreekbooksintoEnglish.C.Bysearchingbookfairsaroundtheworld.D.Bywritingbooksrelatedtocertaintopics.5.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“ironic”inparagraph3?A.Wonderful. B.Typical. C.Strange. D.Intentional.6.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,whichiscertaintobetrueabouttheGreatLibrary?A.Itsurvivedfor1,000years. B.Ithadahiddencollectionofworks.C.Itburneddownonmanyoccasions. D.Ithashadagreatculturalinfluence.7.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducesomeinformationaboutahistoriclibrary.B.Toreporttheroleofgreatlibrariesthroughouthistory.C.TocompareversionsoftheGreatLibrary’sdestruction.D.ToexplaintheimportanceofrebuildingtheGreatLibrary.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了theGreatLibrary曾經(jīng)的輝煌歷史和它的神秘消失?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheLibraryalsoemployedanumberofscholarswhoproducedoriginalworksonsubjectssuchasastronomy,mathematics,andphysics.(圖書館還聘請(qǐng)了一些學(xué)者，他們?cè)谔煳膶W(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和物理學(xué)等學(xué)科上創(chuàng)作了原創(chuàng)作品)”可知，他們通過聘請(qǐng)學(xué)者創(chuàng)作與某些主題相關(guān)的書為圖書館收集了很多書。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“thatthefateoftheGreatLibrary—aninstitutioncommittedtothecollectionandpreservationofknowledge—ishiddeninmythandmystery.(大圖書館的命運(yùn)—一個(gè)致力于收集和保存知識(shí)的機(jī)構(gòu)——的命運(yùn)隱藏在神話和神秘之中。)”可知，這樣一個(gè)致力于收藏和保存知識(shí)的大圖書館。它的命運(yùn)仍然是一個(gè)謎，這件事很奇怪。設(shè)空處和C項(xiàng)：Strange(奇怪的)含義相近。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.(不管它的結(jié)局如何，毫無疑問，大圖書館的學(xué)術(shù)研究對(duì)歷史產(chǎn)生了巨大而持久的影響，在那里保存、翻譯或創(chuàng)作的作品對(duì)我們的文化產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，甚至直到今天)”可知，大圖書館有很大的文化影響。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheGreatLibrary,orsomeversionofit,couldhavesurvivedforanywherefrom300to1,000years.Howeveritended,therecanbelittledoubtthatthescholarshipofTheGreatLibraryhadagreatandlastingimpactonhistory,andtheworksthatwerekept,translated,orcreatedtherehavehadaprofoundinfluenceonourcultureeventothepresentday.(大圖書館，或者它的某個(gè)版本，可能已經(jīng)存在了300到1000年。不管它的結(jié)局如何，毫無疑問，大圖書館的學(xué)術(shù)研究對(duì)歷史產(chǎn)生了巨大而持久的影響，在那里保存、翻譯或創(chuàng)作的作品對(duì)我們的文化產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，甚至直到今天。)”以及全文可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)歷史圖書館的相關(guān)信息，這也是作者的寫作意圖。故選A。CTherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.Inparticular,Chinesepeoplesometimesattachmoreimportancetotheirappearanceandsocialstatusthantotheirinnerqualities,whileWesternersthinktheopposite.However,Socrates(AncientGreekphilosopher)andConfuciussharesignificantsimilaritiesthatareuniversal.Bothphilosophersshareseveralteachingsincommon;forexample,theirunderstandingofthenatureofknowledgeandtheiropinionsoneducation.Socratesbelieved“Thereisonlyonegood,knowledge;andonlyoneevil,ignorance.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Isn’titapleasuretostudyandpracticewhatyouhavelearned?”Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid:“AllIknowisthatIknownothing.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Whenyouknowathing,toholdyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,toallowyoudon’tknowit-thisisknowledge.”However,thereareimportantdifferencesintheirunderstandingofmorality.Confuciusbelievedeachpersonshouldfollowcertainregulationsaccordingtovirtue(德行).Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated“Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.”Socrates,however,placesself-knowledgeoversocialknowledge.Anotherdifferencebetweenthemistheirattitudetowardspoliticaldomination(支配).Confuciusbelievedthebestwaytogovernacountryisn’tthroughlegalsystem,butthroughvirtue.Socrates,bycontrast,declaredthat“nothingismoreimportantthanjustice”.WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilizationwasanagriculturalcivilization.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighborswasstrong.Westerncivilization,however,wasnomadic(游牧的).Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.8.Whatdothetwophilosophersshareaboutknowledge?A.Thelearningofknowledgeiseasy. B.Thelearningofknowledgeisendless.C.Amanwithoutknowledgeisfoolish. D.Amanshallnotpretendtounderstand.9.WhichofthefollowingreflectsthethoughtsofConfuciusintermsofmorality?A.Nothingismoreimportantthanalegalsystem.B.IamnotaChinese,butacitizenoftheworld.C.Noteveryoneshouldplayhisownroleinsociety.D.Amandoeswhatispropertothepositionheisin.10.WhatistherootcauseofthedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternculturalvalues?A.Thedifferenceinpoliticalatmosphere. B.Thedifferenceinthelengthofhistory.C.Thedifferenceineconomicdevelopment. D.Thedifferenceinlevelsofsocialdependency.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ReasonsforsimilaritiesofEasternandWesterncultures.B.Theintroductionofgreatfiguresoftwodifferentcultures.C.Comparisonsofthethoughtsofthetwogreatphilosophers.D.Thecontributionsoftwogreatphilosopherstocivilization.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文本主要在對(duì)比東西方兩位哲學(xué)家思想的不同與共同之處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Butbothalsoacknowledgethelimitsofknowledge.Socratessaid:“AllIknowisthatIknownothing.”Similarly,Confuciussaid,“Whenyouknowathing,toholdyouknowit;whenyoudon’tknowathing,toallowyoudon’tknowit-thisisknowledge.”(但兩者也都承認(rèn)知識(shí)的局限性。蘇格拉底說:“我所知道的就是我一無所知?！笨鬃右舱f過：“知其事，持其事；當(dāng)你不知道一件事的時(shí)候，允許你不知道它——這就是知識(shí)。”)”可知，兩個(gè)哲學(xué)家認(rèn)為知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)是無止境的。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。從第三段的“Everyoneshouldplaytheirroleinasocietywherepeopleareinterdependentinordertoachieveharmonyinthewholesociety.Forinstance,whenaskedhowtogovernacountry,Confuciusstated“Anemperorshouldactlikeanemperor,asubjectshouldactlikeasubject.”(每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該在人與人相互依存的社會(huì)中發(fā)揮自己的作用，以實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)社會(huì)的和諧。例如，當(dāng)被問及如何治理一個(gè)國家時(shí)，孔子說:“皇帝應(yīng)該像皇帝一樣，臣民應(yīng)該像臣民一樣。”)”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每個(gè)人根據(jù)自己所處的位置扮演好自己的角色。D項(xiàng)“Amandoeswhatispropertothepositionheisin.(一個(gè)人會(huì)做與他所處的地位相稱的事。)”合乎題意。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WhyhaveEastandWestdevelopedsuchdifferentculturalvalues?AwidelyacceptedtheoryholdsthatEasterncivilizationwasanagriculturalcivilization.Hencetheneedforacollectivesocietyandfriendlyrelationswithneighborswasstrong.Westerncivilization,however,wasnomadic(游牧的).Theirmobilitymakesthemlessdependentonsocietyaftermigration.(為什么東西方發(fā)展出如此不同的文化價(jià)值觀?一個(gè)廣為接受的理論認(rèn)為東方文明是一種農(nóng)業(yè)文明。因此，建立集體社會(huì)和與鄰國建立友好關(guān)系的必要性非常強(qiáng)烈。然而，西方文明是游牧文明。他們的流動(dòng)性使他們?cè)谝泼窈髮?duì)社會(huì)的依賴程度降低。)”可知，東西方價(jià)值觀的差異最本質(zhì)的原因是社會(huì)依賴程度的不同。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TherearemanydifferencesinwaysofthinkingbetweenEastandWest.Manyofthemarereflectedindailybehaviour.(東西方在思維方式上有許多不同之處。其中許多都反映在日常行為中)”以及文章的最后一段“Inspiteoftheirdifferences,thetwocultureshavemoreincommonthandifferences.ThesharedconcernformoralvaluesintheteachingsofSocratesandConfuciusalsoshowsusmorefundamentalsimilaritiesbetweenEasternandWesternculturesintheirpursuitofvirtuouslives.(盡管存在差異，但這兩種文化的共同點(diǎn)多于不同點(diǎn)。蘇格拉底和孔子的教義中對(duì)道德價(jià)值的共同關(guān)注也向我們展示了東西方文化在追求美德生活方面的更多基本相似之處。)”以及全文可知，文本主要在對(duì)比東西方兩位哲學(xué)家思想的不同與共同之處。故選C。DYouhaveprobablyeatenahotdog,buthaveyoueverspottedasundog?Thisisn’tyourpetdognappinginthesun!Asundogisaweathereventthatcausestwobrightburstsofrainbowcoloredlighttoappearoneithersideofthesun.Youwouldseethemaround3o’clockand9o’clock.Sundogscanbeverybeautiful,witharedglowclosesttothesunandawhiteinthecenter.Thescientificnameforsundogsisparhelia,whichcomesfromaGreekwordmeaning“besidethesun”.Conditionsneedtobejustrightforsundogstoappear.Sunlightpassesthroughhighcloudsthatspreadoutlikefeathersinfrontofthesun.Thesecloudscontainflat,six-sidedicecrystals(晶體).Ifthecrystaldriftstowardtheground,withthelargerfacefacingtheEarth,lightisrefracted(折射).Thesecrystalsthenseparatethelight,formingasundog.Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.Youarealsomorelikelytoseethemearlyorlateintheday,whenthesunisnearthehorizon.Sundogshavebeenspottedaroundtheworld,acrossNorthAmerica,Europe,andAsia,attheSouthPoleandinthefarnorth.Scientistshaveevenpredictedwhatsundogsmightlooklikeonotherplanets.Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyindicatesnoworrainonitsway.Somepeoplebelievedthatsundogswereasignofgoodluck,whileotherssawthemasawarningfromGod.Shakespearedescribedsundogsinpoemsasfrightening.Readytotryoutyourweatherdetectiveskills?First,useyourhandtoblockthecenterofthesuntoprotectyoureyes.Searchforcloudsinawinterskyandacircleorburstoflightaroundthesun.Besuretoshowoffyoursundogsmartstoyourfriendsandfamily—you’llbetheirtopdog!12.Whatcanbeinferredaboutasundogfromthepassage?A.Itleadsthesuntoproducecrystals. B.Itformsunderstrictcircumstances.C.Itcausestheappearanceofrainbow. D.Itseparatesthesunfromhighclouds.13.Whichofthefollowingconditionsismostsuitableforobservingasundog?A.OnesummermiddayinChina. B.OnelatewinternightinAmerica.C.OnewintermorninginEurope. D.OnesummermorningintheArctic.14.WhyisShakespearementionedinthe5thparagraph?AToconvincereadersofthebeautyofsundogs.B.Toillustratethewiderangeoftopicsofhispoems.C.Tohelpreadersunderstandthefunctionofsundogs.D.Toshowimpressionsofsundogsvaryamongviewers.15.Whattonedoesthewriteruseinthelastparagraph?AConfident. B.Encouraging. C.Worried. D.Fearful.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幻日這種罕見的大氣光學(xué)現(xiàn)象，包括其形成原理和形成條件等信息。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Conditionsneedtobejustrightforsundogstoappear.Sunlightpassesthroughhighcloudsthatspreadoutlikefeathersinfrontofthesun.Thesecloudscontainflat,six-sidedicecrystals(晶體).Ifthecrystaldriftstowardtheground,withthelargerfacefacingtheEarth,lightisrefracted(折射).Thesecrystalsthenseparatethelight,formingasundog.(幻日出現(xiàn)的條件需要恰到好處。陽光穿過像羽毛一樣在太陽前面展開的高云。這些云包含扁平的六面體冰晶。如果晶體向地面漂移，較大的面朝向地球，光就會(huì)折射。然后，這些晶體將光分離，形成一個(gè)幻日)”可知，幻日只有在陽光、云層、晶體的移動(dòng)等條件都恰到好處的時(shí)候才會(huì)出現(xiàn)。由此可知，它的形成條件很嚴(yán)格。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Sundogscanbeseenduringanyseasonbutaremostoftenseenduringthewintermonthswhenthesunislowerinthesky.Youarealsomorelikelytoseethemearlyorlateintheday,whenthesunisnearthehorizon.Sundogshavebeenspottedaroundtheworld,acrossNorthAmerica,Europe,andAsia,attheSouthPoleandinthefarnorth.(在任何季節(jié)都可以看到幻日，但最常見的是在太陽位置較低的冬季。當(dāng)太陽接近地平線時(shí)，你也更有可能在一天的早些時(shí)候或晚些時(shí)候看到它們。在北美、歐洲和亞洲，在南極和遙遠(yuǎn)的北方，人們?cè)谑澜绺鞯囟寄芸吹交萌?”可知，適宜觀測(cè)幻日的季節(jié)是冬季，時(shí)間是一天中的早晨或傍晚，且在世界各地都可以觀測(cè)到。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，歐洲一個(gè)冬天的早晨是最有可能觀測(cè)到幻日的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Throughouthistory,sundogshavebeenusedtopredictweatherbecausetheyindicatesnoworrainonitsway.Somepeoplebelievedthatsundogswereasignofgoodluck,whileotherssawthemasawarningfromGod.Shakespearedescribedsundogsinpoemsasfrightening.(縱觀歷史，幻日一直被用來預(yù)測(cè)天氣，因?yàn)樗鼈冾A(yù)示著即將下雪或下雨。一些人認(rèn)為幻日是好運(yùn)的象征，而另一些人則認(rèn)為它們是來自上帝的警告。莎士比亞在詩中形容幻日令人恐懼)”可知，本段是從不同觀測(cè)者的角度描述幻日對(duì)他們的用處或意義，包括預(yù)測(cè)天氣的功能，好運(yùn)或警告的象征意義。由此推知，此處提到莎士比亞認(rèn)為它令人恐懼，是進(jìn)一步表明觀測(cè)者對(duì)幻日的印象各不相同。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Readytotryoutyourweatherdetectiveskills?First,useyourhandtoblockthecenterofthesuntoprotectyoureyes.Searchforcloudsinawinterskyandacircleorburstoflightaroundthesun.Besuretoshowoffyoursundogsmartstoyourfriendsandfamily—you’llbetheirtopdog!(準(zhǔn)備好試試你的天氣偵探技巧了嗎？首先，用你的手擋住太陽的中心來保護(hù)你的眼睛。在冬天的天空中尋找云，在太陽周圍尋找一圈或一束光。一定要向你的朋友和家人展示你的聰明才智——你會(huì)成為他們的頭兒)”可知，本段中作者在鼓勵(lì)讀者利用文中學(xué)到的有關(guān)幻日的知識(shí)去觀測(cè)這一現(xiàn)象，向身邊的人展示自己的聰明才智。由此可知，作者的整體語調(diào)是鼓舞人心的。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：(共5個(gè)小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itisimportanttolookafteryourbodytohelpyoutostaywellandhealthyforaslongasyoucan.However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing.____16____Manypeopleabandonanyefforttotakecareofthemselvesbecauseit’sjusttoodifficult.____17____Commonsensetellsusthatevendoingabitmoreexerciseorgettingabitmoresleep,andnoteatingthatsecondsliceofcake,arelikelytobehelpful.Theapplicationofalittlescience,andquitealotmorecommonsense,cangoalongwaytowardshelpingyoutoworkoutwhat’sbestforyouandyourbody.WhyshouldyoucareaboutYourBody?Caringforyourbodymakessense.____18____Aroundtheworld,thereisagrowingproblemoflifestyle-relateddiseases.Thesearediseasesthatare,effectively,causedbythewayweliveourlives.Most,ifnotallofthem,areassociatedwithnotlookingafterourbodies.Manyareassociatedwithbeingoverweightandnottakingenoughexercise,orbyputtingthewrongsubstancesintoourbodies.Thesediseasesandconditionsincludeheartconditions,highbloodpressure,manyformsofcanceretc.____19____.However,lookingafteryourbodywillgosomewaytohelpingyoutoliveahealthierlife,forlonger.Therearethreeveryimportantaspectstolookingafteryourbody：gettingenoughrestandsleep,eatingwell,andtakingexercise.____20____Butwithpractice,youwillgetbetteratmakingsurethatyoutakecareofyourbody.A.Itcanbereallyhardtoknowwhatworksthebest.B.Youcannot,ofcourse,avoideveryillnessorcondition.C.Butifyoudothattoooften,therewillbeconsequences.D.However,acloserexaminationsuggeststhatthesituationisnotquitethatsimple.E.Knowingwhattodo,andactuallydoingitare,ofcourse,quitedifferentthings.F.However,justbecauseitispuzzlingdoesnotmeantheeffortisnotworthwhile.G.Afterall,youonlygetonebodyinthislife,andyouwantittolastaslongaspossible.【答案】16.A17.F18.G19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了照顧好自己的身體的重要性以及如何照顧好自己的身體。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上句“However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing(然而，關(guān)于照顧你的身體的建議是相互矛盾的，經(jīng)常令人困惑)”可知，設(shè)空處為相互矛盾和令人困惑的建議導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。A項(xiàng)：Itcanbereallyhardtoknowwhatworksthebest.(很難知道什么是最好的)合乎題意。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“However,adviceaboutcaringforyourbodyisconflictingandoftenconfusing.(然而，關(guān)于照顧你的身體的建議是相互矛盾的，經(jīng)常令人困惑)”以及后句“Commonsensetellsusthatevendoingabitmoreexerciseorgettingabitmoresleep,andnoteatingthatsecondsliceofcake,arelikelytobehelpful.(常識(shí)告訴我們，即使多做一點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)或多睡一點(diǎn)，不吃第二塊蛋糕，也可能是有幫助的。)”可知，設(shè)空處和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并引出下文說明照顧自己的身體做出相應(yīng)的努力是值得的。F項(xiàng)：However,justbecauseitispuzzlingdoesnotmeantheeffortisnotworthwhile.(然而，僅僅因?yàn)樗钊速M(fèi)解并不意味著努力不值得)合乎題意。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Caringforyourbodymakessense.(照顧好自己的身體是有道理的)”可知，設(shè)空處說明照顧好自己的身體的原因。G項(xiàng)：Afterall,youonlygetonebodyinthislife,andyouwantittolastaslongaspossible.(畢竟，你這一生只有一個(gè)身體，你希望它持續(xù)得越久越好)合乎題意。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后句“However,lookingafteryourbodywillgosomewaytohelpingyoutoliveahealthierlife,forlonger.(然而，照顧好你的身體會(huì)在某種程度上幫助你過上更健康、更長壽的生活。)”可知，設(shè)空處和后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明照顧好自己的身體雖然不可能避免每一種疾病或狀況，但是會(huì)讓人更加的健康和長壽。B項(xiàng)：Youcannot,ofcourse,avoideveryillnessorcondition.(當(dāng)然，你不可能避免每一種疾病或狀況。)合乎題意。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上句“Therearethreeveryimportantaspectstolookingafteryourbody：gettingenoughrestandsleep,eatingwell,andtakingexercise.(照顧好你的身體有三個(gè)非常重要的方面:充足的休息和睡眠，吃得好，鍛煉身體)”以及后句“Butwithpractice,youwillgetbetteratmakingsurethatyoutakecareofyourbody.(但是通過練習(xí)，你會(huì)更好地確保你照顧好自己的身體。)”可知，設(shè)空處承接上句并和后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，其中“actuallydoingit”和后句的“withpractice”相呼應(yīng)，E項(xiàng)：Knowingwhattodo,andactuallydoingitare,ofcourse,quitedifferentthings.(當(dāng)然，知道該做什么和真正去做是兩碼事。)合乎題意。故選E。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15個(gè)小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Blakelovedscience.SuperScienceWeekwasgoingtobethebestweekeverbecausehewas____21____anexperimenttohisthirdgradeclassmates.“Formyexperiment,I’mgoingto____22____anegginwater,”Blakeannouncedtohisclass.Hepouredsaltintoaglassofwaterandthendroppedaneggin.Buttheeggdidn’t____23____uprightinthemiddleoftheglass.“Look,Blake’sblushing!”Katescreamedfromthebackrow.Blakelooked____24____toMrs.Watson.Theteacherwipedthetearsfromhisfaceandsaid,“____25____trying!”Thenextmorning,BlakeputonhisMickeyMouseears.Everyonelaughed,andhisface____26____.“Mouseearsareyourscienceexperiment?”Perryasked.“No,blushingis!CharlesDarwincalledblushingthemost____27____ofallexpressions.Otheranimalsdonotblush,”Blakesaid.“Blushingis____28____byanoveractivenervoussystem.”Blakeadded.Hewalkedaroundtheclassroom,givingeachclassmatea____29____lookathisredface.Thenheputupacardshowingbloodvessels(血管).Theclassgatheredaroundto____30____hispainting.“Whenyoufeel____31____,”Blakesaid,“youremotionscauseyoutoblush.There’snowaytocontrolit.It’sa(an)____32____partofbeinghuman,sothebestthingyoucandoisacceptitunlessyou’dratherbea(an)____33____.”Atit,theclassapplauded.Blakewalkedproudlybacktohisseat.Hisredface____34____thewholeclassroom.Sciencewashis____35____!21.A.recommending B.presenting C.designing D.advocating22.A.stand B.put C.drop D.harvest23.A.appear B.hide C.break D.stay24.A.fearlessly B.helplessly C.attentively D.confusedly25.A.Keep B.Stop C.Avoid D.Enjoy26.A.froze B.hurt C.burned D.paled27.A.distant B.nervous C.natural D.human28.A.caused B.controlled C.overwhelmed D.disguised29.A.rougher B.quicker C.closer D.longer30.A.distinguish B.admire C.identify D.evaluate31.A.frustration B.appreciation C.improvement D.embarrassment32.A.unusual B.unique C.normal D.essential33.A.monkey B.egg C.fool D.failure34.A.matchedup B.buriedin C.metwith D.li