2019年6月大學英語六級考試真題第2)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:thispart,areallowed30minutesanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectinterpersonalrelationships.Youshouldatleast150wordsbutnothan200words._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,hearlongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1asinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedonconversationyouhaveheard.1.A)Amonth-longnegotiation.Preparationsfortheparty.Aprojectatroublesomeclient.D)wrappingforthecolleagues.2.A)weddingphotos.Advertisehercompany.asmallbusiness.D)Throwacelebrationparty.3.A)Hesitant.Nervous.Flattered.D)Surprised.4.A)herownbakery.Improveherbakingskill.Sharehercookingexperience.D)Prepareforthewedding.Questions5to8arebasedonrecordingyouhaveheard.5.A)Theyhavespendmorestudying.Theyhaveparticipateclubactivities.Theyhavebemoreresponsibleforwhattheydo.D)Theyhavechooseaspecificacademicdiscipline.6.A)Getreadyforacareer.Makealotoffriends.along-termgoal.D)Behavelikeadults.7.A)Thosewhoshareheracademicinterests.Thosewhorespectherstudentcommitments.Thosewhocanhelpherwhensheneed.D)Thosewhotheclubsasshedoes.8.A)Thosehelpfulfortappingtheirpotential.B)Thoseconduciveimprovingtheirsocialskills.C)Thosehelpfulforcultivatingindividualinterests.D)Thoseconducivetheiracademicstudies.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,hearpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,hearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)B)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1alinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonpassageyouhaveheard.9.A)Theybreakawayfromtraditionalofthinking.Theyarepreparedworkharderthananyoneelse.Theyaregoodatrefiningoldformulas.D)Theybringtheirpotentialintofullplay.10.A)Theycontributedthepopularityofskiingworldwide.Theyresultedabrand-newstyleofskiingtechnique.Theypromotedthescientificuseofskiingpoles.D)Theyexplosivenewsthesportsworld.11.A)Hewasrecognizedasageniustheworldofsports.Hecompetedallmajorskiingeventstheworld.HewonthreemedalsoneWinterOlympics.D)Hebrokethreeworldskiingrecordsthreeyears.Questions12to15arebasedonpassageyouhaveheard.12.A)Theyappearrestless.Theyloseconsciousness.Theybecomeupset.D)Theydiealmostinstantly.13.A)Ithasaninstanteffectonyourbodychemistry.Itkeepsreturningeverynowandthen.leavesalonglastingimpression.D)Itcontributestheshapingofmind.14.A)succeedwhilefeelingirritated.feelhappywithoutgoodhealth.befreefromfrustrationandfailure.D)enjoygoodhealthwhiledarkmoods.15.A)Theyarecloselyconnected.TheyfunctionasimilarTheyaretoocomplexunderstand.D)Theyreinforceeachotherconstantly.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,hearthreerecordingsoflecturesorfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingsbeplayedonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer1alinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonrecordingyouhaveheard.16.A)Theydiffertheirappreciationofmusic.Theyfocustheirattentionondifferentthings.TheyfingerthepianodifferentD)Theychoosedifferentpiecesofplay.17.A)Theymanagecooperatewelltheirteammates.Theyuseeffectivetacticsdefeattheircompetitors.Theyhardmeetthespectators’expectations.D)Theyattachgreatimportanceperformance.18.A)Itmarksabreakthroughbehavioralscience.Itadoptsaconventionalapproachresearch.Itsupportsapieceofconventionalwisdom.D)Itgivesrisecontroversyamongexperts.Questions1921arebasedontherecordinghavejustheard.19.A)People’senvyofmodels.People’scrazeforgoodhealth.Theincreasingrangeoffancyproducts.D)Thegreatvarietyofslimmingproducts.20.A)Theyappearvigorous.Theyappearstrange.C)Theylookcharming.D)Theylookunhealthy.21.A)Cultureandupbringing.Wealthandsocialstatus.C)Peerpressure.D)Mediainfluence.Questions22to25arebasedonrecordingyouhaveheard.22.A)TherelationbetweenhairandThegrowinginterestskinstudies.C)ThecolorofhumanD)Theneedofprotection.23.A)Thenecessityenergy.Adaptationthehotenvironment.C)Theneedbreatheease.D)Dramaticclimatechangesonearth.24.A)Leavesandgrass.Man-madeshelter.C)Theircoloring.D)Hairontheirskin.25.A)Theirgeneticmakeupbeganchange.Theircommunitiessteadily.C)Theirchildrenbeganmixeachother.D)Theirpaceofevolutionbeganquicken.ⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereapassagetenblanks.Youarerequiredselectonewordforeachblankfromaofchoicesgivenawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoicethebankidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2asinglelinethroughthecentre.Younotuseanyofthewordsthebankthanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonfollowingpassage.Thedreamofpersonalisedflightvividthemindsofinventors,developingcycle-poweredcraft,others26moneyintojetpacks(噴氣飛行背包).However,theflyingcarhasalwaysremainedthe27symbolofpersonaltransportfreedom.Severalcompaniesaroundtheworldhaveproduced28thatcanonroadsandAirbushasafuturisticmodular(組件式的)conceptinvolvingapassengercapsulethatcanbe29fromtheroad-goingchassis(底盤)andpickedupbyahelicopter-typemachine.Butalltheseconceptsaremassivelyexpensive,requiresafetycertificationstandardsforroadandair,need30controls,involvecomplexfoldingandpropellers,andhavebeflownfromair-strips.theyarelikelyremainrichpeople’splaythingsratherthanpracticaltransportsolutionsforthemasses.“AcarthattakesofffromLondonstreetandlandsanother31streetunlikelyhappen,”Prof.aleadingaeronauticalengineer.“Skytaxisaremorelikely.”Butthatwon’tstopinventorsfromdreamingupnewandtryingpersuadeinvestorsbacktheirsometimes32schemes.Civilianaviationbeingdisrupted,notbytheage-olddesiresforspeed,romanticismand33,butbythepressingneedrespondachangingclimate.Newelectricenginescoupledartificialintelligenceand34systemscontributeaefficient,integratedtransportsystemthatlesspollutingandlessnoisy.Thatmaysoundsimple,butasProf.Graysays,“WhenItravelsomewhereIlikethisnotionthatwhenIfinishjourneyIfeelbetterthanwhenIstartedThat’scompletelyat35howIfeeltoday.”Nowthatwouldbeprogress.A)autonomousdetacheddualI)pouringJ)prototypesrandomD)glamourimminentoddsrepressingsegmentedN)spectrumO)ultimateG)oppositesH)outrageousSectionBDirections:thissection,aregoingreadapassagetenstatementsattachedEachstatementcontainsinformationgivenoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphmarkedaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerCompaniesAreWorkingwithConsumerstoReduceWasteA)Asconsumers,wearewasteful.Annually,theworldgenerates1.3billiontonsofsolidwaste.Thisexpectedup2.2billionby2025.Thedevelopedcountriesareresponsiblefor44%ofwaste,andthealone,theaveragepersonthrowsawaytheirbodyweightrubbisheverymonth.Conventionalwisdomwouldseemsuggestthatcompanieshavenoincentivelengthenthecycleoftheirproductsandreducetherevenuetheywouldfromsellingnewgoods.Yet,moreandbusinessesarethinkingabouthowreduceconsumerwaste.Thispartlydrivenbytherisingpriceofrawmaterialsandalsopartlyduebothconsumersandcompaniesbecomingawareoftheneedprotectourenvironment.Whenchoosingwhatproductsbuyandwhichbrandsbuyfrom,moreandconsumersarelookingintosustainability.Thisopposedjustpriceandperformancetheywereconcernedaboutthepast.asurveyof54oftheworld’sleadingbrands,almostallofthemreportedthatconsumersareshowingincreasingcareaboutsustainablelifestyles.Atthetime,onconsumerstheandtheU.K.showthattheyalsocareaboutminimizingenergyuseandreducingwaste.D)themostpart,consumerscontrolwhathappensaproduct.Butcompaniesarerealizingthatplacingtheburdenofrecyclingentirelyontheconsumernotaneffectiveespeciallywhentossingsomethingawayseemsliketheeasiestandconvenientoption.Someretailersandmanufacturerstheclothing,footwear,andelectronicsindustrieshavelaunchedenvironmentalprograms.Theywanttheircustomersinterestedpreservingtheirproductsandpreventingthingsthathavevaluefromgoingthegarbagedump.offeringserviceshelpexpandthelongevityoftheirproducts,they’repromisingqualityanddurabilityconsumers,andreceivingthereputationalgainsforbeingenvironmentallyfriendly.example,theSwedishjeanscompanyNudieJeansoffersfreerepairattwentyoftheirshops.Insteadofdiscardingtheiroldworn-outjeans,customersbringthemberenewed.Thecompanyevenprovidesmail-orderrepairandonlinevideos,sothatcustomerscanlearnhowapairofjeansathome.Theirphilosophythatextendingtheofapairofjeansnotonlygreatfortheenvironment,butallowstheconsumermorevalueoutoftheirproduct.Whencustomersdowanttosstheirpair,theycanthembackthestore,whichrepurposeandresellAnotherclothingcompany,Patagonia,ahigh-endoutdoorclothingstore,followstheprinciple.IthaspartneredwebsiteiFixitteachconsumershowrepairtheirclothing,suchaswaterproofouterwear,athome.Thecompanyalsooffersarepairprogramfortheircustomersforamodestfee.Currently,Patagoniarepairsabout40,000garmentsayeartheirReno,Nevada,servicecenter.Accordingthecompany’sRoseMarcario,thisaboutbuildingacompanythatcaresabouttheenvironment.Atthetime,offeringrepairsupportstheperceivedqualityofproducts.G)InBrazil,themultinationalcorporationAdidashasbeenrunningashoe-recyclingprogramcalled“SustainableFootprint”since2012.CustomerscanbringshoesofanybrandintoanAdidasstorebeshreddedandturnedintoalternativefuelsforenergycreationinsteadofbeingburnedastrash.Theyareusedfuelcementovens.motivatevisitorsbringmoreoldshoes,AdidasBrazilpromotestheprogramstoresbyshowingvideoseducatecustomers,andevenoffersadiscounteachacustomerbringsanoldpairofshoes.ThisbooststhereputationandofAdidasbymakingpeoplemoreawareofthecompany’svalues.H)Enormousopportunitiesalsoe-waste.estimatedthat2014theworldproducedsome42millionmetrictonsofe-waste(discardedelectricalandelectronicequipmentanditsparts)NorthAmericaandEuropeaccountingfor8and12millionmetrictonsrespectively.Thematerialsfrome-wasteincludeiron,copper,gold,silver,andaluminummaterialsthatcouldbereused,resold,salvaged,orrecycled.Together,thevalueofthesemetalsestimatedbeabout$52billion.ElectronicsgiantslikeBestBuyandSamsunghaveprovidede-wastetake-backprogramsoverthepastfewyears,whichaimrefurbish(翻新)oldelectroniccomponentsandpartsintonewproducts.I)othercompaniesinterestedreducingwaste,helpingtheenvironment,andprovidingthesustainablelifestylesthatconsumersseek,herearefirststepsforbuildingarelationshipcustomersthatfocusesonrecyclingandrestoringvalueproducts:J)partners.Ifareamanufacturerwhoreliesonoutsidedistributors,thenretailersaretheidealpartnerforcollectingoldproducts.PowertoolmakerDeWaltpartnerscompanies,suchasLowesandNapaAutoParts,collectoldtoolsattheirstoresforrecycling.Thepartnershipbenefitsbothsidesbyallowingunconventionalpartners(forexample,companiesfromdifferentindustries)worktogetheronaspecificaspectofthevaluechain,like,thisexample,anenginefirmanaccessoryone.K)Createincentives.Environmentalconscientiousnessisn’talwaysenoughcustomersrecycleoldgoods.instance,DeWaltdiscoveredthatmanycontractorswereholdingontheiroldtools,eventheynolongerworked,becausetheywereexpensivepurchasesandwashardjustifybringingthemrecycle.offeringinstantdiscountsworthasmuchas$100,DeWaltlaunchedatrade-inprogramencouragepeoplebringbacktools.Asaresult,DeWaltnowreusesthosematerialscreatenewproducts.atrialprogram,andexpectchangethedetailsasAnytake-backprogramlikelychangeovertime,dependingonwhatforyourcustomersandcompanygoals.Maybeseelowcustomerparticipationatfirst,orconversely,sosuccessthatthecostofrecyclingbecomestoohigh.Bestforinstance,hasbeenbearingthelion’sshareofe-wastevolumesinceoflargestcompetitors,AmazonandWal-mart,donothavetheirownrecyclingprograms.Sincethelaunchofprogram,BestBuychangedpolicyadda$25feeforrecyclingoldtelevisionsorderkeeptheprogramBuildacultureofcollectivevaluescustomers.Astrongerrelationshipbetweentheretailer/producerandtheconsumerisn’tjustaboutfinancialincentives.creatingawarenessaroundyoureffortsreducewaste,andbydevelopingacultureofresponsibility,repair,andreuse,canbuildcustomerloyaltybasedonsharedvaluesandresponsibilities.N)Theseexamplesarejusttheoftheiceberg,buttheydemonstratehowhelpingcustomersmoreuseoftheirmaterialscantransformvaluechainsandoperations.Reducingwastebyincorporatingusedmaterialsintoproductioncancutcostsanddecreasethepriceofprocurement(采購):lessbeprocuredfromtheoutsideandmorebere-utilizedfromtheinside.O)Companiesplayabigrolecreatingacircularwhichvaluegeneratinglessfromextractingnewresourcesandfromgettingbetteruseoutoftheresourceswealreadyhave--buttheyalsocustomersengagedtheprocess.36.Somecompaniesbelievethatproducts’prolongedlifespanbenefitsboththeenvironmentandcustomers.37.Asurveyshowsshopperstodayaregettingconcernedaboutenergyconservationandenvironmentalprotectionwhendecidingwhatbuy.38.Companiescanbuildcustomerloyaltybycreatingapositivecultureofenvironmentalawareness.39.Whencompanieslaunchenvironmentalprograms,theyhavetheirbrandreputationenhanced.40.Onemultinationalcompanyoffersdiscountscustomerswhobringoldfootwearbeusedasfuel.4441.Recyclingusedproductscanhelpmanufacturersreduceproductioncosts.2.Electronicproductscontainvaluablemetalsthatcouldberecovered.3.Itseemscommonlybelievedthatcompaniesarenotmotivatedprolongtheirproducts’lifespan.44.Itadvisableforcompaniespartnereachotherproductrecycling.45.Somebusinesseshavebegunrealizenotbeeffectiveletconsumersfullresponsibilityforrecycling.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesthissection.Eachfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.eachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2asinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions46to50arebasedonfollowingpassage.EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationofTelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst11videopublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafterFeb.17,2015.Thecompaniesincludeoftheheavyweightsoftheindustry,likeElectronicProductions,InsomniacGames,ActivisionandDisney.Thestrikecomeslightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiationsaftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMediaAgreementexpiredlate2014.overall,thestrikeaneffortprovidemoresecondarycompensationalongotherconcerns,suchastransparencyuponhiringtalentandon-set(制作中)safetyprecautions.Thevideogamingindustryhasballoonedrecentyears.TheLosAngelesTimesreportsthattheindustrythemidstofanintenseincreasecashflow.In2015,gamingproduced$23.5billiondomesticrevenue.ButSAG-AFTRAvoiceactorsdon’treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)fortheirgamingInstead,theyreceivearate,whichtypicallyabout$825forastandardfour-hourvocalsession.thevoiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofsecondarycompensation—aperformancebonuseveryasells2millioncopiesordownloads,orreaches2millionsubscribers,acapat8million.“It’sasmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthissecondarycompensationissue,”saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who’samemberoftheunion’snegotiatingcommittee.animportantaspectofwhatmeansbeafreelance(從事自由職業(yè)的)performer,whoisn’tregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects.”Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsthesecrecyoftheindustry.“Ican’timaginethere’sanyotheractingjobtheworldwheredon’tknowwhatshowyou’rein,whenyou’rehired,”voiceactorKeythewhochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.“Andthathappenseverydaythevideoworld,”FarleytoldreportersduringapressconferenceFriday.“IwasamaincharacterFallout4,acharacterbytheofandIneverknewthatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatthroughouttheyearandahalf.”ScottWitlin,thelawyerrepresentingthevideocompanies,voiceactors“representlessthanonetenthof1percentoftheworkthatgoesintomakingavideogame.”“eventhoughthey’rethetopcraftsmentheirfield,”Witlinsays,wepaythemunderavastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthethat’sgoingcreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideocompanies.”46.WhySAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstvideogamepublishers?A)Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.appealrenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlythe19monthsoftalks.D)Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.47.Whatwelearnfrompassagevideogamingindustry?A)Ithasreapedhugeprofitsrecentyears.Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.D)Ithasinvestedalotdomesticmarket.48.Whatarevoiceactorsdemanding?A)regularemployment.Anon-discriminatorycontract.Extrapaybasedonsalesrevenues.D)Aonthemaximumworkhours.49.WhatdoesKeytheFarleysayvoiceactors?A)Theyarekeptthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.Theyarediscriminatedagainstthegamingindustry.Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.D)Theyarenotemployedfull-time.50.WhatargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?A)Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraisetheyprovebetopcraftsmen.Changingthepaysystemwouldcausetheindustrymoreproblems.Voiceactorsarecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.D)Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasislinethelaw.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonfollowingpassage.OfficialsattheHouseannouncedanewspacepolicyfocusedonmanagingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesandgovernmentsarelaunchingintospace.SpacePolicyDirective-3outgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatesmitigate(緩解)theeffectsofspacedebrisandtrackandtrafficspace.ThispolicysetsthefortheDepartmentofCommerceoverthemanagementoftrafficspace.Thedepartmentsurethatnewlylaunchedsatellitesdon’tuseradiofrequenciesthatwouldinterfereexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnewsatellitescanbelaunched.ThisonlyappliesAmericanspaceactivities,butthehopethathelpstandardizeasetofnormsthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughouttheworld.Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,gettingmorecrowdedasgovernmentsandcompanieslaunchsatellites.Oneimpetusforthepolicythatcompaniesarealreadystartingbuildmassiveconstellations(星座),comprisinghundredsorthousandsofsatellitesmanymovingpartsamongsostuffspace,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantsreducethechancesofacollision.ormoresatellitesslammingintoeachothercouldcreatemoreout-of-controlbitsthatwouldposeevenhazardsthegrowingcollectionofsatellitesspace.Andit’snotthishasn’thappenedbefore.In2009anoldRussiancraftslammedintoacommunicationssatellite,creatingacloudofhundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatcurrentlytracksabout24,000objectsspace,and2016theForcehadissue3,995,874warningssatelliteownersalertingthemapotentialnearbythreatfromanothersatelliteorbitofdebris.That’swhythisnewpolicyalsoincludesdirectionsupdatethecurrentGovernmentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardP