2020-2021學(xué)年湖北省孝感高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（上）期末英語(yǔ)

試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningof

spring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandbloomingflowerscarriesspecial

significance.Theyrepresenttheearthcomingback,tolifeandwishesfornewbeginnings.Here

aresomeofthemostpopularandtheirspecialmeanings：

Oranges

Orangetreesaremorethandecoration；theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.They

makegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimesdecoratedwithredenvelopesandmessagesof

goodfortune.Thefruitsarealsosomeofthe"lucky"foods,whichareamustduringthe

celebrations.

Bamboo

Chineselovetheir"LuckyBamboo"plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesand

offices.Certainlyduringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.Bambooplantsandstemsare

usedfrequentlyinfengshuiandareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.They

areeasytocareforandmakegreatpresents.

BranchesofPlumBlossoms（梅花）

Thebeautifullongbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds（蔣蕾）makefantastic

decorations.Theplumtreesarethefirsttoflowerevenassnowismeltingafteracold

winter.Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.

Peonies

PeoniesrepresentprosperityandpeaceandareconsideredasChina'snationalflower；theyare

oftenasubjectofclassicalpaintings.Thepeonyisalsoknownasthe"kingofflowers"and

representsroyalty,virtueandhonor.ItsnameinChineseisliterallytranslatedas”most

beautiful*'.

Narcissus

NarcissusflowerrightaroundChineseNewYearandareconsideredasasymbolofluckand

wealth.Theirsweetfragrance（芳香）isalsohighlyrespectedinChineseculture.

1.Ifyouarenotgoodatgrowingplants,whichwillyouprobablychoose?

A.Bamboo.B.Plumblossoms.

C.Peonies.D.Narcissus.

2.WhatisspecialaboutPeonies?

A.Oilpainterspreferpaintingit

B.Itsplantsareusuallyusedinfengshui.

C.Itbearsfruitsconsideredasluckyfood.

D.ItsChinesenamemeans"mostbeautiful'1.

3.Inwhichsectionmaythistextappear?

A.Entertainment.B.Health.

C.Culture.D.Science.

B

Goingtobedinonemajorcityandwakingupinanother；toastingthelandscapeasanew

countryslipspast；beingrockedtosleepasyourattleacrossacontinent.Ifsnowonderthatthe

nighttrainsofEuropehavebeenabyword（代名詞）forromance.

Infact,overthepastdecade,muchofEurope'snighttrainnetworkhasbeencut.Formany,it

seemedtheendofthelinewasnear.Butrecentlytherehasbeenarecoveryofnighttrainsacross

Europe.OnDecember8th2020,fournationalrailprovidersteameduptoannouncenewroutes

between13Europeancities.

"Youleaveworkatausualtime,havedinner,makeyourwaytothestation,getonthetrain,and

wakeupintheplaceyouwanttobe.There*snoturningupattheairportataverystrangehour,as

youdoforabudgetflight,"saysMonishaRajesh,authorof"AroundtheWorldin80Trains."

Infact,"flightshaming"hasbeensweepingacrossEuropeinthepastfewyears.In2018,

domesticflightsweredown9%inSweden.

TheCovid-19pandemichashelped,too.Trainsareeasiertosocial-distanceon,saysRajesh.And

nighttrains-whereyoucanbookanentirecompartment（分隔廂）toyourself-areevenbetter.

Europe'sgeographyalsohelpstheargumentfornighttrains,saysNicolasForien,amemberof

BackonTrack,whopointsoutthathalftheflightsleavingFranceareeitherinternal,orgoingto

aneighboringcountry."ThedistancebetweenEuropeancapitalsismostlyidealfornight

trains.Thecontinentcouldbeanight-trainparadise."

4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthenighttrainsofEurope?

第2頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

A.Theyrunatahighspeed

B.TheywerepopularamongEuropeans.

C.Theyexperiencedadownacenturyago.

D.Theybringpassengersasenseofromance.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"budget"inparagraph3mean?

A.long.B.cheap.C.short.D.expensive.

6.Asfbrthewriter,whichofthefollowinghascontributedtotherecoveryofEurope'snight

trains?___

?flightshaming

②theCovid-19pandemic

(3)theinternalbudgetflight

?Europe'sgeography

⑤thetourismboom

A.①②⑤B.②③④C.①②④D.②④⑤

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.WhyEuropeanschoosetotravelbynighttrains

B.HowEurope'snighttrainscomebackfromthedead

C.WhenEuropeansstarttakinganinterestinnighttrains

D.WhetherthenetworkofEurope'snighttrainhasbeencut

c

Nextday,Jowantedtogetoutofthehouse,soshepickedupherskatesandwentnextdoorto

askLaurietotakeherskating.

Amyheardthemgoing,"Jopromisedtotakemewithhernexttime!"shecomplained.

"It'shardforhertoforgiveyou,Amy,"saidMeg."GoafterthemandwaituntilJoisenjoying

herself,thengiveherakissordosomethingkind.'1

Itwasnotfartotheriver,butJoandLauriewerealreadyskatingwhenAmyarrived.Josaw

Amybutturnedaway.

Lauriewascarefullyskatingalongtheedgeoftheiceanddidn'tseetheyoungergirl.

Amyputherskatesonandstoodontheice.

"Keepneartheedge.Theiceisn'tsafeinthemiddle."LauriecalledtoJo,thenhedisappeared

roundthefirstbendintheriver.

Joheard,butAmydidnot.JorealizedthatAmyprobablyhadn'theard,butshesaidnothingand

skatedafterLaurie.HLetAmylookafterherself?"Jothought.

Amyskatedouttowardsthesmoothericeinthemiddleoftheriver.Joreachedthebend,andfor

momentshestoodstill,astrangefeelinginherheart.Somethingmadeherturnround-justin

timetoseeAmythrowupherhandsandgocrashingthroughtheiceintothecoldwater!Amy

gaveacrythatmadeJo'sheartstopwithfear.ShetriedtocallLaurie,buthervoicewas

gone,andforasecondshecouldonlystandandstareatthelittlebluehood（帽子）ofAmy'scoat

abovetheblackwater.

Suddenly,Laurieskatedpastherandshouted,"Bringapieceofwoodfromthesideofthe

river,quickly!H

Wildwithfear,Jofetchedsomewoodandpulleditacrosstheice,whileLaurieheldAmy'shead

abovethewater.Together,theygotherout.

Shewasmorefrightenedthanhurt,andwasquicklytakenhome.Theycoveredherinblankets

andtriedtocalmher,andafteralittlewhileshefellasleepinfrontofthewarmfire.Later,when

everythingwasquiet,Joaskedhermother,MAreyousuresheissafe?"

"Quitesafe,dear.Itwassensibletogetherhomeasquicklyasyoudid."

"Lauriediditall,"saidJo.''Mother,ifsheshoulddie,itwillbemyfault.Igetangryso

quickly.Oh,whycan'tIbemorelikeyou?0

"Igetangrynearlyeverydayofmylife,Jo,"saidMrsMarch,MbutEvelearnednottoshow

it.I'velearnedtostopmyselfsayingtheangrywordsthatcometomylips,andyoumusttryto

dothesame,mydear.'1

8.WhydidJoturnawaythemomentshesawAmy?

A.SheheardLauriecallingher.

B.Shehadtoadjustherskates.

C.ShewouldnotforgiveAmy.

D.Sheregrettednotkeepingherpromise.

9.Whichofthefollowinghappenedfirst?

A.LaurieandJogotAmyoutoftheriver.

B.LauriewarnedJotokeepneartheedge.

C.Jo'sheartstoppedwithfearhearingAmy'scry.

D.Amyskatedouttowardsthemiddleoftheriver.

10.HowdidJoprobablyfeelafterknowingAmywassafeandsound?

A.Relieved.B.Disappointed.C.Annoyed.D.Proud.

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II.Whichendingisthewritermostlikelytoaddtothestory?

A.Mr.MarchblamedJosohardthatshecried.

B.LauriethoughtillofJoandbrokeupwithher.

C.Amywasgratefultolearnalessonfromtheaccident.

D.EverythingwasforgivenandforgottenwhenAmywokeup.

D

Greenskiniscommoninsciencefiction,butwhatifgreenskinwerenotjustforaliens?If

humanshadgreenskin,whatifitgrantedustheabilitytoperformphotosynthesis（光合作用）,

whichplantsusetoliveoffofsunlight?

Let'sanalyzewhatsciencesaysaboutitandaskaward-winningscience-fictionauthorJohn

Scalziwhathethinks.

Plantscanliveoffofphotosynthesisbecausetheygrowbroad,flatleavestoharvestasmuch

lightaspossible.Theyalsoneedlessenergybecausetheyarefarlessactivethananimals.

AccordingtoLindsayTurnbull,aplantecologistattheUniversityofOxford,iftheskinofa

womanwerephotosyntheticlikealeaf,theamountofsurfaceareashehadwouldsatisfyonly1%

ofherdailyenergyrequirementstosurvive.Foraphotosynthesizingwomantomeetherenergy

demands.shewouldneedalotmoreskin-aboutatenniscourt'sworth,Turnbullestimated.

Inaddition,photosynthesisrequirescarbondioxide.Plantshavepores（毛孑L）thattheyuseto

supplythegastotheircells.Ifphotosynthetichumanshadchloroplasts（葉綠體）,theymight

needporousskintoletincarbondioxide,butsuchporesmightletotherthingsleakinorout-for

instance,moisture（水分）一inwaysthatmightproveharmfultothehumanbody.

Onemightwonderifphotosyntheticpeoplemightprefermovingtosunnyclimates.Although

suchpeoplemightreceiveasmallincreasefromphotosynthesisiftheymovedtoadesert

area.theywouldlikelyhaveotherresourceissuestodealwith,suchasalackofwater,Scalzi

said.''There'salwaysgoingtobetrade-offs（平衡）,"henoted.

Andwouldphotosynthetichumanspreferlittleornoclothing,toabsorballthoserays?Insome

photosyntheticsocieties,clothingmightbecomeasymboloftheelite-asigntheygetenough

energyfromfoodanddonotneedphotosynthesis.Youcanimaginethemsaying,"I'mrich,soI

cancoverup,"Scalzisaid.

So,wouldScalziwantphotosyntheticskinforhimself?"Probablynot,"hesaid.nIdon'tsee

thebenefitfromitbeingsogreatthatIwouldcompletelychangethewayI'dlooktobenefit

fromit.”

12.Whycan'thumansliveoffofphotosynthesisaccordingtoLindsayTurnbull?

A.Becausewearelessactive

B.Becausewewearclothes.

C.Becausewedon'thavegreenskin.

D.Becauseourskinareaisnotlargeenough

13.Ifphotosynthetichumanshadpores,whatwouldbethedisadvantage?

A.TheywouldabsorbtoomuchCO2.

B.Theywouldreleasesomeusefulsubstances.

C.Theywouldbetoosmallforhumanbeings.

D.Theywouldkeepgasesfromenteringthehumanbody

14.WhatmightbethereasonwhyScalzisaysnotophotosyntheticskinforhimself?

A.Hewastooconservativetoacceptthat.

B.Hewouldnlliketomovetosunnyclimates.

C.Hebelievedthereweremorerisksthanbenefits.

D.Hethoughtclothingwassimplyasymbolofupperclass.

15.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?

A.Byprovidingresearchresults.

B.Bydescribingaprocess.

C.Bymakingclassifications.

D.Byfollowingthetimeorder.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

While2020wasupsetting,weshouldn'tcompletelyignorethelessonsittaughtusabouthowwe

prefertowork.Here'swhatyoushouldfocusontobehappyandsustainable(可持續(xù)的)

professionallyinthenewyear.

?Thinkbig,plansmall.It'sfinetothinkbigforwhatyouwanttoachieveinthenewyear,but

breakthegoalintosmallersteps.Onceyoutakeasmallstepandachieveit,itisamotivator.(1)

Forinstance：leadtwonewprojects,bringinX-numberofnewclientsbytheendofthesecond

quarter,takealeadershipclassandjoinanemployeeresourcegroup.

,Findanadviser.Anadvisorcanprovideinsight,makeconnectionsandofferadoseof

confidencewhenthingsgettough.ltdoesn'thavetobesomeoneyouknow.(2)Onceyou've

identifiedthepersonjnvitethemtohaveaconversationwhereyoutellwhyyouchose

them,whatyouarelookingforandwhatworkyouplantodointherelationship.

第6頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

,Learnanewskill.(3)Therearemanyonlinecoursesavailablethatcanhelpwithcareer

progress,whetherifslearningahardskill,likeenhancingyourprogramminglanguage

abilities,orimprovingasoftskill,likeeffectivecommunication.

,(4)Takingchargeisabigpartofprovingyou'repromotionmaterial.Butthatcanbehardtodo

andwhenyouaren'tinamanagerialposition.Thekeytoshowingleadershipisbeing

proactive.Youcanraiseyourhandandlookforopportunitiesandwaystomakecontributions

ratherthanbetoldwhattodo.Youcanalsoreachouttoteammemberstoseewhatsupportthey

needandproactivelysolveproblems.(5)

A.Becomealeader

B.Expandyourprofessionalnetwork

C.Andthatcanquicklyleadtoprofessionalburnout.

D.Showingyourproblem-solvingskillsdemonstratesleadership.

E.Soifyourgoalistogetapromotion,planoutyourroadmaptoanewtitle.

F.Leaminganewskillcanbere-energizing,nottomentionagoodboosttotheresume.

G.Determinewhatyouwanttoaccomplishandthinkwhoisthepersonthathasdonethis.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Oncetherewasamanwholikedtoeatmangoes.Onedayhedecidedtogetthe(21)mangofrom

theverytopofthetree.Mangoeswhichareexposedtothesunthemostarethemost

sweet-flavored.

Soheclimbeduptothetop,wherethebrancheswerethin.He(22)topickafewsweetreddish

fruits,but,inanattempttoclimbdown,heslippedandstartedfallingtowardstheground.(23),

hecaughtthebranchashewasfallingandremainedhelplesslyhangingonthetree.Thenhe

startedtocallnearbyvillagersforhelp.Theyimmediatelycame(24)aladderandsticks,but

coulddolittletohelphim.

Thenaftersometimeonecalmand(25)personamved-awell-knownsage(awiseperson)

wholivedinasimplehutnearby.Peoplewereverycurioustoseewhathewoulddo,(26)hewas

famousinsolvingmanypeople'sproblemsintheareaandsometimesverycomplicatedones.

Hewassilentforaminuteandthen(27)astoneandthrewitatthehangingman.

Everybodywassurprised.Thehangingmangoloverstartedto(28)：“Whatareyoudoing?

Areyoucrazy?Doyouwantmetobreakmyneck?”Thesagewassilent.Thenhetook

anotherstoneandthrewitattheman.Themanwasveryangry："IfIcouldjustcomedown,I

wouldshowyou!"

That'swhateverybodywanted.Thenhewascomingdown.Buthow?Noweverybodywas

tenseaboutwhatwouldhappennext!Somewantedto(29)thesage,buttheydidn*t.Thesage

pickedanotherstoneandthrewitagainattheman,evenmore(30).Nowthemanonthetreewas

evenmoreangryanddeveloped(a)great(31)tocomedownandtakerevenge.

Hethenusedallhisskillandstrengthand(32)reachedthebrancheswhichweresafetostart

goingdown.Andhe(33)it[Everybodywasamazed.

However,therescuedmanfoundthesagegone.Hestoodthere,(34)savedhimbecausehe

induced(弓|誘)himtotryhisbestandsavehimself.

nIshouldbe(35)andnotangry.1'

21.A.biggestB.sourestC.sweetestD.ripest

22.A.promisedB.intendedC.pretendedD.managed

23.A.HopefullyB.FortunatelyC.ConsequentlyD.Eventually

24.A.withB.afterC.byD.before

25.A.honestB.thoughtfulC.modestD.courageous

26.A.asifB.asC.eventhoughD.though

27.A.pickedoutB.tookupC.pickedupD.tookout

28.A.complainB.begC.chokeD.shout

29.A.blameB.changeC.upsetD.impress

30.A.quicklyB.suddenlyC.forcefullyD.accurately

31.A.determinationB.awarenessC.interestD.passion

32.A.anywayB.somewhatC.anyhowD.somehow

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33.A.gotB.madeC.tookD.ended

34.A.wonderingB.estimatingC.realizingD.guessing

35.A.dutifulB.regretfulC.sorrowfulD.thankful

四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15?0分）

36.InChina,alargenumberofpeopletakethesportofpigeonracingvery(1)

(serious).Manycompetitorsspendbigmoneytogettheir(2)(hand)on

top-performingbirds.

Onesuchcompetitoris57-year-oldYuYuguang.Hesayshegetssoexcitedwaitingfor

hispigeons(3)(arrive)attheendofaracethathisheartstartsbeatingfast.

"Thosearethemostintenseandenjoyablemomentsofapigeonrace."YutoldReuters

newsagency.Recently,his7-month-oldpigeon(4)(name)"LittleAncestor"

placedfirstinaChineseRacingPigeonAssociationrace.Theracestartedin

Langfang,neartheChinesecapitalBeijing,(5)endedinShanghai.Thewin

earnedYu$760inprizemoney.Thatamount,however,isfar(6)(little)than

the$30,600hespendsonhis500pigeonseachyear.

PigeonracinghasalonghistoryinChina.Itbegan(7)asportenjoyedmainlyby

veryrichpeople.Butthecountry'seconomicdevelopmentovertheyears(8)

(permit)thesporttospreadbeyond(9)wealthy."MembershipintheChinese

PigeonAssociationhasjumpedfromtensofthousandsinthe1980stoabout400,000

today,*'(10)(say)thegroup'svicepresident,HuangJian.

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的校英語(yǔ)報(bào)記者李華，春節(jié)將至，你校學(xué)生會(huì)于上周日組織了

部分志愿者去到當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村看望因疫情影響而無(wú)法與父母團(tuán)聚的留守兒童。請(qǐng)你就此

活動(dòng)寫一篇英文報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)目的；

2.活動(dòng)過(guò)程：

3.活動(dòng)反響。

注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80詞左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：留守兒童left-behindchildren

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

AsuddencallcameintoJimmyGiHeece'sbarthispastMarch.Anewlymarriedwoman

whohadspenttheafternoonatthedivebeachbarcouldn'tfindherwallet.Shedidn'tcare

aboutherID,creditcards,or$150incash,butherweddingringwasjustinside.

Gilleece,42,didn'tliketheideathatatheftcouldhavehappenedathisplace,sohespent

hourssearching16differentcameras,watchingthewoman'severystepuntilshewentto

sitonabenchoutsideandleftwhenherridearrived.Withinminutes,ayoungmanina

hoodie（連帽衫）approachedthebench,putsomethinginhispocket,andwalked

off.Gilleecepostedacliponthebar'sFacebookpage."Ididn'twanttocriticizehimJhe

said."Ijustaskedifanybodyknewwhotheguywas.°Withinhours,Gilleecegotatext

messagefrom17-year-oldRiversPrather,whoadmittedtakingthewalletandsaidhe'd

doneitbecausehehadn'teatenintwodays.Thinkingtheringwasfake,hethrewthewallet

intotheoceanandtookthemoneytobuyasandwich.

Gilleece,unsurewhetherhebelievedPrather,toldtheteenagertomeethimatthedocks（碼

頭）.There,theygottotalking,andPrathersaidthathewasn'tgettingalongwithhisfamily

andhadbeenlivinginthewoodsforaweek.Gilleece,afatheroftwo,tookstockof（審視）

Prather-hissmallbody,hisflushing（漲得通紅的）cheeks-andsawhimforwhathewas：

moreofakidthanacriminal.

However,thepolicewerealreadyonthecaseandbecauseofthemissingring,Prather

couldbefacingseverecharges.Gilleecedecidedtohelp.Heemployedtwolocaldiversto

searchthewaterswherePratherhadthrownthewallet.Meanwhile,thepolicewanted

Gilleecetobringtheteendowntothestation.Instead.Gilleececalledthepoliceandtold

them,nHe'sgoingtobeatthedockswithmetomorrow."

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1：

Acrowdhadgatheredtowatchthetwodiverssearchinthestrongcurrent.

Paragraph2：

Butitwasn'toverforGilleece.

第10頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】C

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bamboo介紹內(nèi)容Theyareeasytocareforandmakegreat

presents.它們很容易照顧，也是很好的禮物。可知，竹子適合不太會(huì)

養(yǎng)花的人。故選A。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Peonies介紹內(nèi)容Peoniesrepresentprosperityandpeaceandare

consideredasChina'snationalflower；theyareoftenasubjectof

classicalpaintings.Thepeonyisalsoknownasthe"kingofflowers"andrepresents

royalty,virtueandhonor.ItsnameinChineseisliterallytranslatedas"mostbeautiful".

牡丹又名"花中之王"，代表王權(quán)、美德和榮譽(yù)，在漢語(yǔ)中字面翻譯為“最美的“。可知，

牡丹的特別之處是它的中文名字的意思是“最美麗的”。故選D。

（3）C.文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段

ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningof

spring.Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandbloomingflowerscarriesspecialsignifica

nce.Theyrepresenttheearthcomingbacktolifeandwishesfornewbeginnings.Herearesom

eofthemostpopularandtheirspecialmeanings：中國(guó)新年是一個(gè)標(biāo)志著冬季結(jié)束和春天

開(kāi)始的慶典。這就是為什么用植物、水果和盛開(kāi)的花朵裝飾具有特殊意義。它們代表著

地球恢復(fù)生機(jī)和對(duì)新開(kāi)端的祝愿。以下是一些最受歡迎和最特殊的含義。可知，本文主

要介紹的是中國(guó)春節(jié)期間會(huì)用來(lái)作為裝飾的花草和植物以及背后的寓意，這屬于節(jié)日文

化范疇，因此文章可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在"文化”版塊。A.Entertainment娛樂(lè)；B.Health健康；

C.Culture文化；D.Science科學(xué)。故選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要介紹了中國(guó)春節(jié)期間會(huì)用來(lái)作為裝飾的花草和植物以

及背后的寓意。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

4.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】B

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中It'snowonderthatthenighttrainsofEuropehave

beenabywordforromance.（難怪歐洲的夜間火車一直是浪漫的代名詞。）可知，歐洲

的夜間火車給乘客帶來(lái)一種浪漫的感覺(jué)。故選D。

（2）B.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文Youleaveworkatausualtime,havedinner,makeyour

waytotheNation,getonthetrain,andwakeupintheplaceyouwanttobe.（你在平常的時(shí)間

下班，吃晚飯，前往Nation,坐.上火車，在你想去的地方醒來(lái)。）以及There'snoturning

upattheairportataverystrangehour（沒(méi)有人在這么奇怪的時(shí)間出現(xiàn)在機(jī)場(chǎng)。）可知，

乘客為了省錢而選擇購(gòu)買出行低峰期的便宜飛機(jī)票，所以會(huì)在一個(gè)奇怪的時(shí)間里出現(xiàn)在

機(jī)場(chǎng)。故劃線詞意思是“便宜的"。Along長(zhǎng)的；B.cheap便宜的；C.short短的；D.expensive

昂貴的。故選B。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的Infact,"flightshaming"hasbeensweepingacross

Europeinthepastfewyears.In2018,domesticflightsweredown9%inSweden.（事實(shí)上，

在過(guò)去幾年里，“飛行恐懼”已經(jīng)席卷了整個(gè)歐洲。2018年，瑞典國(guó)內(nèi)航班下降了9%。）

"；倒數(shù)第二段中TheCovid-19pandemichashelped,too.（新冠肺炎也有所幫助。）"以及

最后一段中Europe'sgeographyalsohelpstheargumentfornighttrains（歐洲的地理位置也

有助于支持夜間列車。）可知，飛行恐懼、新冠肺炎和歐洲的地理位置對(duì)歐洲夜間列車

的復(fù)蘇有所貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。

（4）B.標(biāo)題確定題。根據(jù)第二段中Butrecentlytherehasbeenarecoveryofnighttrains

acrossEurope.OnDecember8th2020,fournationalrailprovidersteameduptoannouncenew

routesbetween13Europeancities.（但最近，夜間列車在歐洲各地開(kāi)始復(fù)蘇。2020年12

月8日，四個(gè)國(guó)家的鐵路供應(yīng)商聯(lián)合宣布了13個(gè)歐洲城市之間的新線路。）結(jié)合文章

主要說(shuō)明了歐洲的夜間列車如今在歐洲各地開(kāi)始復(fù)蘇，分析了導(dǎo)致其復(fù)蘇的幾個(gè)因素。

故B選項(xiàng)”歐洲的夜間火車是如何起死回生的。"最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。

本文是一篇社會(huì)文化類議論文。文章主要說(shuō)明了歐洲的夜間列車如今在歐洲各地開(kāi)始復(fù)

蘇，分析了導(dǎo)致其復(fù)蘇的幾個(gè)因素。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意。因?yàn)殚喿x理解題

一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料”其次，細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破。掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇

材料后的問(wèn)題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問(wèn)題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息。要

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善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性。對(duì)于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分

析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對(duì)題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

8.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】D

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“It'shardforhertoforgiveyou,Amy,"（她

很難原諒你）可知，Jo見(jiàn)到Amy的那一刻就轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)的原因是因?yàn)樗粫?huì)原諒Amy。

故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中"Ke叩neartheedge.Theiceisn'tsafeinthemiddle."（保

持靠近邊緣。中間的冰不安全。）、第八段中"Amyskatedouttowardsthesmoothericein

themiddleoftheriver.u（Amy滑向河中間的冰。）、第八段中"Amygaveacrythatmade

Jo'sheartstopwithfear.”（Amy哭了起來(lái),Jo害怕的嚇壞了。）以及第十段中"Wildwith

fear,Jofetchedsomewoodandpulleditacrosstheice,whileLaurieheldAmy'sheadabovethe

water.Together,theygotherout."（Jo拿起一些木頭，將其拉到冰上，而Laurie則將Amy

的頭頂在水面上。他們?cè)谝黄鸢阉攘顺鰜?lái)。）可知B項(xiàng)LauriewarnedJotokeepnearthe

edge.Laurie警告Jo保持在邊上滑是最先發(fā)生。故選B項(xiàng)。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段1"Joaskedhermother,Areyousuresheissafe?n（Jo

問(wèn)她的母親,你確定她安全嗎?）以及"Quitesafe,dear.Itwassensibletogetherhomeas

quicklyasyoudid.“（“非常安全，親愛(ài)的。讓她盡快回家這個(gè)做法是明智的。）可知J。

非常后悔沒(méi)有照顧好Amy,反復(fù)向母親確認(rèn)Amy是否安然無(wú)恙，可推知在得知Amy沒(méi)

事后應(yīng)Jo應(yīng)該是寬慰的。A.Relieved寬慰的；B.Disappointed失望的；C.Annoyed生氣

的；D.Proud自豪的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)翻譯可知，A項(xiàng)Relieved寬慰的符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"I'velearnedtostopmyselfsayingtheangrywordsthat

cometomylips,andyoumusttrytodothesame,mydear."（我學(xué)會(huì)了不說(shuō)這些生氣的話，

親愛(ài)的，你必須設(shè)法做到這一點(diǎn)。）Jo和母親的對(duì)話，以及文章開(kāi)頭hardforherto

forgiveyou,AmyJAmy想要求得Jo原諒，可推知，經(jīng)過(guò)這次事故，最有可能的結(jié)果是兩

姐妹和好如初。故D項(xiàng)”當(dāng)Amy醒來(lái)時(shí)，一切都被原諒和遺忘了“符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是一篇記敘文。文章節(jié)選自《小婦人》。主要講述了Amy滑冰掉落水中，J。慌張失

措施救，Laurie出現(xiàn)一起幫忙成功將Amy救出，回到家中本以為Amy的媽媽會(huì)生氣和

憤怒，但卻沒(méi)有，最后J。學(xué)會(huì)了一個(gè)道理：不要把生氣表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，不要讓生氣的話語(yǔ)

輕易說(shuō)出口。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析。

12.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】A

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的Foraphotosynthesizingwomantomeet

herenergydemands,shewouldneedalotmoreskin-aboutatenniscourt'sworth,Turnbull

estimated.（Turnbull估計(jì)，要使光合作用的

女士滿足自己的能量需求,她需要的皮膚要多得多一大約相當(dāng)于網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)的價(jià)值。）可知，

LindsayTurnbull指出，人類不能依靠光合作用生存的原因是我們的皮膚面積不夠大。故

選D.

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段中Ifphotosynthetichumanshadchloroplasts（葉綠

體）,theymightneedporousskintoletincarbondioxide,butsuchporesmightletotherthings

leakinorout-forinstance,moisture（水分）—inwaysthatmightproveharmfultothehuman

body.（如果光合人類有葉綠體，他們可能需要多孔的皮膚來(lái)吸收二氧化碳，但是這些

毛孔可能會(huì)使其他東西滲入或滲出，例如水分，這可能對(duì)人體有害。）可知，如果光合

作用的人類有毛孔，缺點(diǎn)是會(huì)釋放有用的物質(zhì)。故選B.