第二部分人與社會中考英語?教材基礎練話題15公共秩序與規則第86練微語境詞匯運用一、詞匯運用

A)根據漢語或首字母提示填空。1.Lookatthesign.

(吸煙)isn’tallowedhere.

2.Weshouldtryourbesttodosomethinggoodtoour

(社會).

3.It’s

(重要的)forustolearnEnglishwell.

答案1.Smoking

2.society3.important此處為句型"Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.",意為"對某人來說做某事是……的",該句型中的形容詞表示不定式所具備的特征或客觀情況。

[拓展]具有類似用法的形容詞還有difficult,easy,dangerous等。4.Lastnight,Icalled120whenIsawamanhurtbadlyinacar

(事故).

5.Please

(跟隨)me,anddon’trunaround.Whenyouarehere,youmust

(遵守)theruleshere.

6.Thismuseumisfreetoe

,andyoucanstayhereallday.

7.Ifyougorockclimbing,youhavetowearp

clothes.

答案4.accident[拓展]常用搭配:atrafficaccident交通事故;byaccident意外地。5.follow;follow/obey

6.enter

7.proper

8.Don’tf

.Youtwoshouldbefriendlytoeachother.

9.—Sir,stopherenow.CouldIseeyourdriver’sl

?

—OK,hereyouare.10.Thelastbuslefttenminutesago.Hehadnoc

buttowalkhome.

答案8.fight9.license

driver’slicense意為"駕駛證"。10.choice

havenochoicebuttodosth.意為"除了做……沒有別的選擇"。

B)用所給詞的適當形式填空。11.Goingthrougharedlightis

(danger).Youshouldn’tdothat.

12.Yourfatherissleepinginthebedroom.Pleasestop

(talk).

13.

(sudden),adogrushedoutofthehouse.

答案11.dangerous根據句意"闖紅燈是危險的"可知,be動詞后需跟形容詞dangerous。[拓展]go/drivethrougharedlight意為"闖紅燈"。12.talking

stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事;stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事。結合語境可知此處應填talking。13.Suddenly此處應用副詞修飾整個句子,故填Suddenly。14.Wehaveto

(wear)schooluniformsonMondays.

答案14.wear

haveto"不得不",為情態動詞,后面需用動詞原形,故填wear。易混辨析dress意為"穿;給……穿衣",常用詞組:dresssb./oneself給某人/自己穿衣服wear意為"穿;戴",強調穿、戴的狀態。如:wearahat/coat戴著帽子/穿著外套puton意為"穿上",強調穿、戴的動作。反義短語為takeoff"脫掉,摘下"(be)in意為"穿著",in+衣服/顏色,強調穿、戴的狀態。如:agirlinred穿著紅衣服的女孩dress/wear/puton/(be)in的區別15.Youcan’tbe

(noise)intheclassroom.

16.Wemustweartheseatbeltbeforestartingthecarbecauseit’satrafficrule.Anyway,

(safe)isthemostimportant.

17.Topreventthediseasefrom

(spread),thegovernmenthasdonealot.

答案15.noisy根據空前的be動詞和句意可知此處需填形容詞noisy。16.safety根據設空后的is可知,設空處需填名詞作主語,safe的名詞形式是safety。17.spreading此處為preventsth.fromdoingsth.用法,故填spreading。

C)用方框內所給短語的適當形式填空。18.Weare18yearsold,soweshould

.

19.Ifyou

,youwillbepunished.

答案18.makeourowndecision

19.breaktherulesbestrictwith

makeone’sowndecisionlookout

keepawayfrom

breaktherules20.Weshould

ourselvessothatwecouldbeabetterpersoninthefuture.

21.

!Thebusiscomingtowardsusfast.

22.Allchildrenmust

waterandfiretokeepsafe.

答案20.bestrictwith

21.Lookout

22.keepawayfrom二、易混辨析▲managetodosth./trytodosth.23.Weareexcitedthatwe

tosolvethemathproblemtogetherintheend.

24.I

tosolvethemathproblem,butIfailed.

答案23.managed

24.tried易混辨析managetodosth./trytodosth.managetodosth.設法做成某事(強調結果)(=succeedindoingsth.)trytodosth.盡力做某事(強調動作)▲allowdoingsth./allowsb.todosth.25.我父母不允許我晚上出去。

26.我們不允許在教室吃飯。

答案25.Myparentsdon’tallowmetogooutatnight.26.Wedon’talloweatingintheclassroom.積少成多allow的用法allowallowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允許做某事▲bring/take27.—Don’t

foodordrinkstotheclassroom,Jim.Thisisarule.

—Sorry,Mr.Jones.Iwon’tdothat.28.Pleasehelpme

thelettertothepostoffice,Mr.Liu.

答案27.bring

28.take/totake妙辨異同bring/take/get/carry詞匯用法用法圖示bring意為"帶來,拿來",強調把人帶來或物從別處帶到說話處來。帶來←take意為"帶走,拿走",強調把人或物從說話處帶到別處去。帶走→get意為"去取來,去拿來",強調有往返的過程。去取→←carry意為"攜帶,扛,搬運",沒有方向性,但常含有負重的含義。搬走↑▲regretdoingsth./regrettodosth.29.Weregret

(miss)thechancetovisitParis.

30.Iregret

(say)thatIcan’thelpyou.

答案29.missing

30.tosay[點撥]regrettodosth.意為“對做……感到遺憾”,指事情還未做。regretdoingsth.意為“后悔做了某事”,指事情已經做了。第87練教材句型遷移一、教材句型仿寫1.[人教七下Unit4,SectionA2d,P20]Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniforms.

仿寫:為了我們的安全,每個人都得遵守交通規則。

2.[人教九全Unit7,SectionA1a,P49]Studentsshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.

仿寫:我認為青少年應該被允許穿自己喜歡的衣服。

答案1.Everyonehastoobey/followthetrafficrulesforoursafety.2.Ithinkteenagersshouldbeallowedtoweartheclothestheylike.3.[人教九全Unit7,SectionB2b,P54]TheyalwaystalkaboutwhatwillhappenifIdon’tsucceed.

仿寫:他不知道如果他沒能進入一所好高中將會怎么樣。

4.[人教九全Unit7,SectionA4b,P52]However,inmostAsiansocieties,itisnotcommonforteenagerstomoveout.

仿寫:在圖書館保持安靜很有必要。

答案3.Hedoesn’tknowwhatwillhappenifhedoesn’tenteragoodseniorhighschool.4.It’sverynecessarytokeepquietinthelibrary.5.[外研九上Module5,Unit3,P39]Ifanystudenthasahighfever,sendhim/hertotheschooldoctoratonce.

仿寫:如果你不同意我的觀點,請告訴我。

答案5.Ifyoudon’tagreewithme,pleasetellme.二、高級句型轉換6.Theparentsdon’twantchildrentoplaycomputergames.(用keep...from...進行轉換)高級句型:

。7.Youwillrealizetheimportanceofhealththen.(用Onlythen...進行轉換)高級句型:

。答案6.Theparentskeepchildrenfromplayingcomputergames.7.Onlythenwillyourealizetheimportanceofhealth.8.Weshouldencourageteenagerstodosomevoluntarywork.(用被動語態進行轉換)高級句型:

。9.Wecan’tgettoclasslate,andwecan’truninthehallway,either.(用neither...nor...進行轉換)高級句型:

。答案8.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtodosomevoluntarywork.9.Wecanneithergettoclasslatenorruninthehallway.10.Myparentssupportmyhobbiesverymuch.(用havenothingagainst...進行轉換)高級句型:

。答案10.Myparentshavenothingagainstmyhobbies.三、補全對話根據對話內容,從方框內的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,其中有兩個為多余選項。A:Hi,Eric!HaveyouwatchedCCTV

News?B:Notyet!Anythingspecial?A:It’sreportedthatafamoustoycompanyproducedsomeunsafetoys.11.

B:Whatbadnews!It’snotallowedtodoso.A:Thegovernmenthaveshutdownthecompany.12.

B:Iagreewithyou.Thesafetyofchildrenisveryimportant.A:Yes.13.

B:Firstly,thegovernmentshouldmakesaferulesfortoys.A:Theneveryonecanknowtheimportanceoftherules.14.

B:Secondly,acompanyshouldberesponsibleforitsproducts.A:It’sveryimportant.15.

B:Yes.Ifeverycompanydoeswell,childrenwillhavesafetoys.A:Youareright!A.Andtheymustobeytherules.B.Theirmaterialsareharmfultochildren’shealth.C.Butwhatshouldpeopledotostopit?D.Howdoesthegovernmentdealwithit?E.Itproducedmanydifferentkindsoffood.F.Theyshouldbepunishedfortheirbehavior.G.Thecompanymustfollowstrictruleswhenitproducestoys.答案11—15

BFCAG第88練重點語法復習一、單項選擇1.[2021重慶中考B卷改編]Youcanborrowthisbook,butyou

returnitbytheendofthisterm.

A.may B.can C.must D.will2.[2021自貢中考改編]

Itakeaseathere?Thereisnoseatleftexceptthisone.

A.Can B.MustC.Should D.Will答案1.C根據句意"你可以借這本書,但你必須在本學期期末前歸還"和but可知選C。2.A根據語境可知設空處表示征求對方的許可,故選A。3.[2021宜春月考]Asmiddleschoolstudents,we

followthepublicruleswhereverwego.

A.would B.shouldC.might D.could4.Respectingparentsandteachersisakindofgoodaction.We

talkbacktothem.

A.won’t B.maynotC.needn’t D.shouldn’t答案3.B句意:作為中學生,無論走到哪,我們都應該遵守公共規則。根據句意可知選B。4.D句意:尊重父母和老師是一種良好的行為。我們不應該跟他們頂嘴。根據句意可知選D。

5.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I’mafraidwe

.That’sthetrafficrule.

A.can B.mayC.haveto D.need答案5.C根據答語中的Yes和"That’sthetrafficrule"可知選C。6.[2022南京鼓樓區期末]—Theappleslooksolovely.Canwepicksome?—Betternot.It’snotharvesttimenow.Just

themtheretilltheyturnred.

A.leave B.toleaveC.leaving D.left7.Childrenunder12yearsold

toridesharedbikes.It’sdangerous.

A.shouldn’tallow B.shouldallowC.shouldn’tbeallowed D.shouldbeallowed答案6.A分析句子結構可知此處為祈使句。根據題干中的"Betternot.It’snotharvesttimenow"可知,設空處是說把它們留在樹上吧。祈使句肯定句式用動詞原形,故選A。7.C根據題干中的"那太危險了"可知,此處應為"不應該被允許",故選C。二、用所給詞的適當形式填空8.Wemustnot

(touch)theoldthingsonshow.

9.Ifheislatefortheexam,hecan’t

(allow)totaketheexam.

10.Bob,

(stop)talkinginclass.Whynotlistentotheteacher?

11.Studentsshould

(educate)toprotectwildanimals.Manyofthemareindanger.

答案8.touch

9.beallowed

10.stop

11.beeducated三、根據所給要求完成句子12.Youcan’tlistentomusicatthemeeting.(改為祈使句)

13.Peopleshouldplantmoretreestosaveourplanet.(改為被動語態)

答案12.Don’tlistentomusicatthemeeting.13.Moretreesshouldbeplantedbypeopletosaveourplanet.14.Youneedn’tfinishalltheworktoday.(改成同義句)

15.Couldyoumovethedeskaway,please?(改為祈使句)

16.[2022上海徐匯區模擬改編]Wemustteachourstudentssomenecessarylivingskills.(改為被動語態)

答案14.Youdon’thavetofinishalltheworktoday.15.Movethedeskaway,please./Pleasemovethedeskaway.16.Ourstudentsmustbetaughtsomenecessarylivingskillsbyus.四、語法填空

Asamiddleschoolstudent,Ihavemanyrulesathome.Iwilltellyousomeofthem.Firstofall,Iamnotallowedtochoosemyownclothes,becausemyparentsthinkI17.

paymoreattentiontomyschoolwork.ButIthinkI’moldenoughtomakemyowndecision.Secondly,I18.

havemyearspierced.Thirdly,I19.

gethomebefore8:00p.m.andgotobedbefore10:00p.m.Theythinkitisdangeroustohangoutaloneonthestreetatnight.Tobehonest,I’mwillingtofollowsomeofthemthroughcommunicatingwithmyparents.Afterall,nothingcan20.

(finish)withoutrulesorstandards.

答案17.should/need

18.can’t

19.haveto

20.befinished第89練話題語篇拓展Passage1話題:校規的重要性建議用時:7分鐘

[2021河北中考]Everyschoolhasrulesforstudentstofollow.However,somestudentsmayseethe

1

asawayinwhichteacherscontrolthem.Sometimes,they’reunhappyandevenfeel

2

.Well,ifyouthinkyourlifeishard,youmightthinkaboutthe

3

inancienttimes.Forsomeofthem,lifewasreallyhard.

Intheolddays,peoplebelievedthatteachershadtobevery

4

andhadtherighttopunishthestudents.Parentsdidn’tmindifteacherspunishedtheirchildrenwhentheirchildrendidn’tdowhattheywere

5

todo.Often,thestricterateacherwas,themoreparentsthoughtheorshewasagoodteacher.

Infact,followingschoolrulescanbeveryimportant.Forexample,runninginthehallwayscouldcauseastudentto

6

.Itmayhurthimselforanotherperson.Followingtherulescanalsohelpthestudentsintheclassroomtolearn

7

difficulty.Inclass,ateachermayaskstudentstoraisetheirhands

8

theyspeak.Ifsomeonespeaksoutofturn,otherstudentsmightnotbeabletoheartheteacher

9

.Schoolrulescanhelpstudentspreparefortheirownfuturesaswell.Whenthey

10andgooutontheirown,they’llsoonfindthattheystillneedtofollowrules.

Rulesmaketheworldmuchbetter.Iftherearenorules,lifewillbemeaninglessandindisorder.

1.A.rules B.excusesC.facts D.examples2.A.relaxed B.angry C.excited D.good3.A.doctors B.parentsC.teachers D.students4.A.kind B.clever C.strict D.careful5.A.told B.heard C.invited D.watched6.A.comeout B.falldownC.moveon D.passby7.A.about B.from C.except D.without8.A.because B.thoughC.before D.unless9.A.clearly B.luckily C.quickly D.politely10.A.hurryup B.lookupC.growup D.dressup

【短文大意】本文主要論述了校規的重要性。規則使世界更加美好,如果沒有規則,生活將沒有意義,混亂無序。1.A

rule規則,規章;excuse借口;fact事實;example例子。根據上文中的"Everyschoolhasrules"可知,此處是說,然而,一些學生可能將這些校規視為老師控制他們的一種方式。故用rules。

2.B

relaxed放松的;angry生氣的,憤怒的;excited激動的;good好的。根據設空前的unhappy及"andeven"可知此處是說,他們甚至會感到憤怒。故用angry。3.D根據下文的內容可知,下文講述了古代學生接受老師管教的情況。故students符合文意。4.C

kind友好的;clever聰明的;strict嚴格的;careful認真的。根據下文中的"thestricterateacherwas,themoreparentsthoughtheorshewasagoodteacher"可知,在過去,人們認為老師必須要非常嚴厲。故用strict。解題技巧——完形填空之利用復現信息解題在完形填空中,有些試題的答案會在上下文中重復出現。在做題之前,學生最好先瀏覽一遍文章和選項,尤其是空前和空后的內容,可能會得到一些提示。高分技法答案解題技巧——完形填空之尋找暗示信息完形填空中有些題目需要進行邏輯推理,利用語篇暗示是解答此類題目的關鍵。學生在做題時,要把每個空白處與前后句的意思聯系起來理解,進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。設空前后通常有暗示,多表現為后文暗示前文。高分技法5.A當孩子們沒有按照老師告訴他們的去做事情時,如果老師懲罰孩子,父母不會介意。tell告訴;hear聽到;invite邀請;watch觀看,注視。故所缺的詞是told。6.B

comeout出現,出版;falldown跌倒;moveon繼續前進;passby經過。根據設空后的"Itmayhurthimselforanotherperson"可知,在走廊里奔跑可能會導致學生跌倒。故選B。7.D下文提到在課堂上,老師可能會要求學生在發言前先舉手。如果有學生在上課時隨便講話,其他學生可能就會聽不清老師說的話。由此可推知,遵守規則也能幫助學生在教室里順利地學習,withoutdifficulty意為"輕而易舉地",符合文意。8.C結合常識可知,此處是說,在課堂上,老師可能會要求學生們在發言之前先舉手,故用before"在……之前"。9.A根據上文中的"speaksoutofturn"可推知,其他學生可能會(因為課堂嘈雜)聽不清老師說的話,故clearly"清晰地,清楚地"符合文意。

10.C

hurryup快點;lookup查閱,向上看;growup長大;dressup打扮。根據上文中的"Schoolrulescanhelpstudentspreparefortheirownfutures"及設空后的"gooutontheirown"可知,此處表示"當他們長大時"。故選C。outofturn的用法outofturn意為"不依順序地,不遵守輪次地",與inturn"輪流"互為反義詞。speak/talkoutofturn意為"說話出格"。用法示例:Thechildrencalledouttheirnamesinturn.孩子們逐一自報姓名。Excusemeforspeakingoutofturn,butIdon’tbelieveyouaretreatinghimfairly.請原諒我不合時宜地發言,但是我認為你沒有公正地對待他。拓展提升Passage2話題:中學生守則和行為規范建議用時:8分鐘

[2021宜春模擬改編]Newrulesandstandardsofbehaviorformiddleschoolstudentshavecomeout.Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebeststudentswon’tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon’tdye(給……染色)theirhair,smokeordrink.Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.

Haveyouevercopiedothers’workduringanexam?Don’tdoitagain.That’snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo.Ifyouplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don’ttellyourparentsyouweredoingyourhomework.

Domoreatschool.Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareaboutothers.PeopleattachgreatimportancetoBird-LovingWeekinChina.Isyourschooldoinganythingtocelebrate?Youshouldjoin!Thatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutbirdsandlearnhowtoprotectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowafriendinneedisafriendindeed.

UsetheInternetcarefully.Trytokeepawayfromwebpagesthatarebadforyou.Findgoodwebsitesandusethemforhomework.Beopentothenewideas.Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranewplanetsomeday.Don’tlookdownonnewideas.Youshouldwelcomethembecausenewideascanmakelifebetter.11.Howmanyrulesarementionedinthepassage?A.Three. B.Four.C.Five. D.Six.12.Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank"

"inParagraph2.

A.Tellthetruth.B.Don’tcopyothers’work.C.Neverplaycomputergames.D.Doyourhomeworkcarefully.13.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?

14.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Don’tcheatintheexamB.ThemostexcellentteachersC.HelpprotecttheanimalsD.Somenewrulesandstandardsofbehavior答案【短文大意】本文介紹了一些新的中學生規則和行為標準。11.B細節理解題。根據第二至第五段的內容可知文中提到了4項規則,故選B。12.A推理判斷題。根據第二段中的"That’snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo"和"don’ttellyourparentsyouweredoingyourhomework"可推知選A。13.A篇章結構題。第一段引出話題;根據第一段的"Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules"可知,第二、三、四、五段分別講了四條新規則。故本文屬于總分結構,故選A。14.D標題歸納題。通讀全文可知,本文主要介紹了一些新的中學生規則和行為標準,故D項最適合作為本文的標題。Passage3話題:班規建議用時:6分鐘

[2021太原期中]Onedayafterschool,threestudentssitaroundadeskwiththeirteacherMr.Wang.Theyaremakingsomenewrulesfortheirclass.Herearetheirideas.

XiaoLi:

It’simportantforustodoeyeexercisesverycarefullyeveryday.Thestudentswhodoeyeexerciseswellinamonthcangetapenoranotebookasaprize.

XiaoChen:

IwanttomakeaclassrulethateveryonecanweartheirownclothesonFridays.Wearingdifferentclothesisawaytoshowourpersonalities(個性).

XiaoLiu:

Ithinkthemostimportantruleforourclassshouldbethis:don’tstayintheclassroomduringbreaktime.Ourstudylifeatschoolcanbequitestressful(壓力重的).Butmanyofusstayintheclassroomafterclass.Wecangototheschoolparkortheplayground.Weneedtousebreaktimetohavearestandrelaxourselves.15.Whatarethesestudentsdoing?

16.PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.

17.WhydoesXiaoChenthinkstudentsshouldweartheirownclothesonFridays?

18.Wherecanstudentsgotorelaxduringbreaktime?

19.Whatrulesdoyouhaveinyourschool?(OneruleisOK.)

答案【短文大意】本文主要介紹了三名學生對制定新班規的看法。15.Theyaremakingsomenewrulesfortheirclass.16.每天很認真地做眼保健操對于我們來說是重要的。17.Becauseit’sawaytoshowtheirpersonalities.18.Theycangototheschoolparkortheplayground.19.Ican’tbelateforschool./Imustweartheschooluniform./...第90練話題書面表達SectionA假設你是李華,現就讀于某寄宿制中學。你的室友王明經常違反寢室(dormitory)規定,如不整理床鋪、休息時間大聲接打電話、未經許可動用他人物品、離開寢室不關燈等。為了提醒他改正這些不良習慣,請你寫一封信給他,對他進行規勸。要求:(1)包含以上所有要點,可適當增加細節,以使行文連貫;(2)字數80左右(信的開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數);(3)信中不得出現真實的學校名和地名。DearWangMing,