撫州市2022-2023學年高三上學期英語模擬檢測試題第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分40分)第一節(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A[2022·昆明市“三診一模”高考模擬]Sugarhasbeenlinkedtoseriousdiseaseslikeheartdisease,diabetesandevencancer,whichiswhyit'svitaltocutdownonfoodsanddrinksthatarehighinsugar.Takealookatthedrinksthatcontainasurprisingamountofhiddensugarsandwhatyoushouldbeeatinginstead.FruitjuicesWhilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals,theyaretypicallyfullofsugar.Unfortunately,thefiberthatfruitnaturallycontainsandthathelpsthebodykeepbloodsugarstablehasalsobeenremoved.Tokeepbloodsugarlevelsfromrisingsharply,choosetoeatwholefruitswheneverajuicedesirecomesalong.SportsdrinksSportsdrinksmightseemliketheperfectchoiceforhydrationwhileexercising,buttheycontainahighamountofaddedsugarsastheyweredesignedforathletesduringfierceandlongperiodsofactivity.Theonlypeoplewhoactuallybenefitfromsportsdrinksareprofessionalathletesormarathoners.Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater.FlavoredcoffeesFlavoredcoffeesaredelicious,buttheycontainhiddensugarsastheyoftenrelyonartificialsyrups(糖漿)forflavoring.Alargeflavoredcoffeeatsomecoffeechainshasupto25teaspoonsofsugar.Youcanstillenjoyyourmorningcupofcoffee.Juststicktounflavoredandunsweetenedversionsandavoidcreamershighinsugar.IcedteasIcedteascanbeextremelyrefreshingonahotday,butthey'retypicallyover-sweetenedwithsugarorsyrups.Somebrandsoficedteasactuallycontainasurprising33gramsofsugarina355-milliliterserving.So,lookforicedteaswithoutanyaddedsugarormakeyourownathomesoyoucansavemoneyandcontrolwhatgoesintoit.1．Howdofruitjuicesbenefitpeople?A．Theyprovidenecessaryminerals.B．Theyrefuelpeopleduringsports.C．Theyenergizepeopleinthemorning.D．Theyrefreshpeopleonhotdays.2．Whatarecommonpeopleadvisedtohavewhileexercising?A．Fruitjuices.B．Flavoredcoffees.C．Naturalwater.D．Icedteas.3．What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Tointroducefournutritiousdrinks.B．Todiscusstheadvantagesofdrinks.C．Tosharewaystomakedrinksathome.D．Towarnreadersagainsthigh-sugardrinks.B[2022·南京市高三第三次模擬考試]Withtheworld'sattentiononvaccines(疫苗),nowitfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthepraisesofanoftenforgottencontributortotheirdevelopment.Threehundredyearsagothismonth,LadyMaryWortleyMontagugotherdaughterinoculated(接種)againstsmallpox,makingherchildthefirstpersonintheWesttobeprotectedinthisway.WithoutMontagu'swillingnesstoadoptapracticeshehadlearnedfromothercultures,theintroductionofvaccinesaround80yearslaterwouldneverhavetakenplace.MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkey.InoculationhadstartedinAsia,probablyinChina,asearlyasthe10thcenturyAD.MontaguobservedhowolderwomeninTurkeytookatinyamountofpus(膿)fromapersonwithsmallpox.Theythenusedneedlestomakecutsonpeople'swristsandanklesandaddedthepustotheirbloodstream.Thishelpedpeoplegainimmunityfromfutureinfection.Likeothervisitorstothecountry,Montagutookstepstoensurethathersonwasinoculated.Thisworkedwell,butsheknewthattryingitinEnglandwouldbefarmorechallenging.Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors'professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome.Somepeoplealsodisagreewiththepractice,astheysawitasgoingagainstnature.BackinEngland,Montaguobservedtheincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.Eventually,inApril1721,shedecidedtousetheTurkishpracticetohaveherdaughterinoculated,becauseshebelievedthattherewardswouldoutweightherisks.Afterasafetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter.DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice.About80yearslater,apioneeringphysicianfoundsmallpoxvaccinestodestroysmallpoxcompletely.Asearlyaslastcentury,academicsarguedthatMontaguwasnomorethananenthusiasticamateur.Intruth,shemadeavitalscientificcontributiontowardsfindingthecureforsmallpox.4．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theoriginofsmallpoxinoculation.B．Montagu'sfirstaccesstoinoculation.C．Thebenefitsfromsmallpoxinoculation.D．Turkishwomen'sinventionofinoculation.5．MontagufounditdifficulttotryinoculationinEnglandbecause________．A．itwasagainsthumannatureB．itmightharmdoctors'interestsC．itwasbeyonddoctors'abilitiesD．itmightshakesomepeople'sbelief6．WhatleddoctorsinBritaintoacceptinoculation?A．Theincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.B．Aphysician'sdiscoveryofsmallpoxvaccines.C．TheresultofMontagu'sdaughter'sinoculation.D．Montagu'sfocusonitsrewardsratherthanitsrisks.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．AnunsungheroB．NolimittocreationC．DevelopmentofvaccinesD．AhistoricmedicalinnovationCLifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks:forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople'splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon'tmerelytellusthatspringis“nice”，theyzero__in__ontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness:leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn'shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds...Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey'vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealizethatitwasn'tsomuchthatthefoodwas“delicious”，butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn'tjust“nice”；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetoaskuswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon'thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.8．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B．Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C．Weshouldtakeacourseinmessagewriting.D．Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Leaveout.B．Clearup.C．Focuson.D．Holdback.10．HowisParagraph3developed?A．Byclassification.B．Byexample.C．Bydefinition.D．Byprocess.11．Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A．Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B．Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C．Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.DThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI'veeverhad.D[2022·沈陽市高三教學質量監測(三)]“Spicytomatoescouldsoonbeonthemenuthankstotheriseofgene-editing(基因編輯)technology，”researcherssay.Itisnotthefirsttimethatexpertshaveclaimedthetechniquescouldhelpdevelopfruitwithunusualfeatures:scientistshavealreadybeenlookingatchangingthecolorofkiwifruitandbetteringthetasteofstrawberries.ButresearchersinBrazilandIrelandsaysuchmethodscouldalsoofferpracticaladvantages,withhottomatoesofferinganewwayofharvestingthepungent(辣的)chemicalsfoundinpeppersknownascapsaicinoids(辣椒素),whichmakefoodtaste“hot”．“Capsaicinoidsareveryvaluablecompounds(化合物):theyareusedintheweaponsindustry,theyarealsousedforpainkillers,andtherearesomeresearchesshowingthattheypromoteweightloss，”saidAgustinZs?g?nfromtheFederalUniversityofVicosainBrazil,aco-authorofanewarticlearguingforthebenefitsofengineeringhottomatoes.WritinginthejournalTrendsinPlantScience,theresearcherssaypeppersaredifficultcropstogrowandlowproductive.Worsestill,itistrickytokeepthepungencyofthefruitsstable.Bycontrast,tomatoproductionishighandtheplantiswell-studied.“Youcouldproducethecapsaicinoidsinamorecost-effectivemanner，”saidZs?g?n.Tomatoesandpeppersdevelopedfromacommonancestor,butseparatedabout19millionyearsago.“Allthesegenestoproducecapsaicinoidsexistinthetomatoes.Theyarejustnotactive，”saidZs?g?n.“Usinggene-editingtechnology,itisboundtoswitchthesegenesbackintomatoes,addingakicktothefruit，”hesaid.12．Whyarethetomatoesmadehotbytheresearchers?A．Totestthegene-editingtechnology.B．Toenrichthevarietyofthetomatoes.C．Tomakethetomatoesmoredelicious.D．Toexplorewaystoharvestcapsaicinoids.13．Inwhichofthefollowingsituationscancapsaicinoidsbeusedaccordingtothetext?A．Feelingweightless.B．Lackingsleep.C．Havingaheadache.D．Losingappetite.14．WhatisZs?g?n'sattitudetothegene-editingtechnology?A．Unacceptable.B．Uncertain.C．Tolerant.D．Confident.15．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Anintroductiontogene-editingplants.B．Creatinghottomatoesbygene-editing.C．Problemswithcapsaicinoidproduction.D．Theprocedureofproducingcapsaicinoids.第二節(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2022·濟南市模擬]Thedictionarydefines“hobby”asanactivitydoneregularlyinone'sleisuretimeforpleasure.Hobbiesareagreatwaytoforgetaboutyourworries.__16__Sothestuffyoudooutsideyourmoney-makingbusinessisimportant.Birdwatchingcouldbeagreathobbyforyou.__17__Theycanincludelisteningforbirdcalls,findingandidentifyingbirdsbysight.Therearebird-watchingclubsifyouwanttomakeitasocialactivity.Ifyouhavekids,it'sanidealhobbytosharewiththem.Childrenenjoybeingabletospotbirdsandcanlearnidentificationsquickly.__18__Workinginthesoilcanbeaparticularlyrewardinghobby.Yougetsomegreatsidebenefitsfromit,likeimprovingthevalueofyourhome,makingyourlivingenvironmentmorepleasantandattractive,andgrowingfoodyoucaneat.Makingbeeriscomplexandvariableenoughtobeinteresting.Thebasicrewardofagoodbottleofbeeriseasytoenjoyandfromthereyoucancreateyourownpersonalvariety.Ifyou'resomeonewholikestoexperiment,thiscouldbeafunhobbyforyou.__19__Takingphotosisaneasierhobbytogetintothanbefore.__20__Nowagooddigitalcamerameansyoucangetintophotographywithlowcostandlowrisk.Startingwiththecameraonyourphonewillgetyouknowledgeableaboutthebasicsofhowlightworks.Youcanalsolearnaboutmorecomplexcamerafeaturesformhow-tovideos.A．Theactivitycombinesseveralsenses.B．Thishobbyhasgrowninpopularityinrecentyears.C．Gardeninginvolvescreativityandtimeoutsideinnature.D．Developingfilmusedtobetime-consumingandexpensive.E．Studieshavelookedathowhobbiesmakeyoubetteratyourjob.F．Plus,you'llalwayshaveagreathomemadegifttogivefriendsandfamily.G．Infact,alotofresearchhaslookedatthestress-reducingpropertiesofhobbies.第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)第一節(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。[2022·云南省第一次高中畢業生統一檢測]Everysuperhero,nomatterhowsmall,needsacape(披風).ThatwasRobynRosenberger'smotivationwhenshestarted__21__superherocapesforkidswithcancer,hearttrouble,andotherserious__22__.Itallbeganwhenshewasmakingacapeasa__23__forhernephew.RosenbergerheardofagirlnamedBrennawhowas__24__apotentiallydeadlyskincondition.Anyonegoingthroughwhatshewassufferinghadtobe__25__.“Ihadanimpressivemoment，”Rosenbergersays.“Brennawasasuperhero!She__26__acape.”SoRosenbergersentherone,andBrenna'smotherwas__27__.Rosenbergerfoundtenmorekidsonlineand__28__tenmorecapes.Beforelong,she__29__herjobatasoftwarecompanytodedicateherselffull-timeto.It'sa__30__wherepeoplecanbuyhandmadecapesfor__31__kidsfacingillnessand__32__.Since2013,Rosenbergerandhersmallpaid__33__havesentmorethan12，000handmadecapesto__34__inall50statesand15othercountries.Thecapescomeindifferent__35__，likepink,blue,purple,orredandcanbedecoratedwithspecializedpatches,__36__aheart,arocket,oraredsun.Onerecipientwaseight-month-oldGabe,whowasbornwithacleftpalate(腭裂),whichcauses__37__facialfeatures.RosenbergersenthimaredcapewithabrightyellowGinthecenter.Itwasahit.Gabeisnowafixture(固定人物)onthecompany'ssocialmediaposts.“TheTinySuperheroescommunityhasbeena__38__connectiontohave，”saysGabe'smom,KateGlocke.“__39__，twoyearslater,we__40__bringGabe'scapewithustoeveryhospitalappointment.”21．A.copyingB．sewingC．drawingD．purchasing22．A.diseasesB．symptomsC．incidentsD．signs23．A.symbolB．productC．presentD．tool24．A.researchingB．preventingC．spreadingD．battling25．A.weakB．diligentC．toughD．innocent26．A.designedB．neededC．woreD．made27．A.confusedB．anxiousC．delightedD．disappointed28．A.sentoutB．pickedupC．broughtinD．pulledon29．A.foundB．quitC．refusedD．created30．A.kindergartenB．hospitalC．marketD．website31．A.braveB．honestC．giftedD．selfless32．A.failureB．starvationC．disabilityD．danger33．A.audienceB．staffC．customersD．fans34．A.doctorsB．relativesC．visitorsD．kids35．A.shapesB．formsC．colorsD．materials36．A.includingB．withinC．besidesD．except37．A.perfectB．obviousC．variousD．attractive38．A.disgustingB．dullC．traditionalD．wonderful39．A.IndetailB．InfactC．IngeneralD．Incase40．A.stillB．seldomC．neverD．already第二節(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。[2022·濰坊市高三統一考試]InthethirdcenturyBC,thefullstop(句號)orperiod41.________(introduce)byGreekliterarycriticAristophanesofByzantium.Itisused42.________(show)theendofasentence.However,thefullstophasadifferentmeaningtoteenagersandthoseintheirearly20s，43.________interpretitasasignofanger.Andthereisareasonforthat.Theyoungergenerationhasgrownupusingthetextsastheirprimarymeansofcommunication.Whensendingmessages,theytendtobreakuptheirthoughtsbysendingeachoneas44.________separatemessage,insteadofusingafullstop.Theyfeelthefullstoponce45.________(use)intraditionaltextingisnotessentialatallbecausethemessageisnowendedjustbysendingit.DavidCrystal,oneoftheworld'sleadinglanguage46.________(expert),arguesthattheusageoffullstopsisbeingrevisedinareallyfundamentalway.Inhisbook,hesaysthatthefullstophasbecomeanemotionmarkerthat47.________(remind)thereceiverthatthesenderisangryor48.________(annoy).Thoughthefullstophastakenonadifferentmeaningtotheyoungergeneration,specialistsnotethatitisimportanttotakelanguageenvironment49.________account.Forexample,usingfullstopsinanemailis50.________(perfect)acceptableandisnotconsideredrude.第三部分寫作(共兩節，滿分35分)第一節短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。OurschoolheldthoroughcleaninglastFridayafternoon.WeweredividedintoseveralgroupandIwasinthechargeoftheblackboard.First,Icleanedthelowerhalf3timesbutmadesuretherewasnochalktrace.ThenIstoodonachairreachtheupperpart.Meanwhile,Lucyhelpedmewashthecloth,forwhichIfeelgrateful.Ialsohelpedhimcleanthescreen.Afterfinishingourwork,Iimaginedhowcomfortablyourteacherswouldfeelwhilewriteontheblackboard!Ourteacherexpressedhersatisfactionbeforeshecheckedourjob.IlovetoseeacleanandtidyclassroomandIamproudwithit.第二節書面表達(滿分25分)[2022·安徽師大附中模擬卷]你的一個善意舉動就可以讓世界變得更美好，請記述一次你幫助他人的經歷，內容包括：1．時間、地點；2．幫助過程；3．個人感受。注意：1．詞數100左右；2．可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第一部分閱讀理解第一節A語篇類型：應用文主題語境：人與自我——健康——避免攝入過多含糖飲料【語篇解讀】糖與心臟病、糖尿病甚至癌癥等嚴重疾病有關，這就是減少攝入高糖食物和飲料至關重要的原因。本文介紹了四種高糖飲料以及替代方案。1．答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據Fruitjuices中的“Whilefruitjuicescancontainsomeimportantvitaminsandminerals”可知，果汁含有一些重要的礦物質。故A項正確。2．答案與解析：C考查理解具體信息的能力。根據Sportsdrinks中的“Theonlypeople...Unlessthat'syou,juststicktoplainwater”可知，喝運動型飲料能獲益的人只有專業運動員或馬拉松運動員，除非你是專業運動員或者馬拉松運動員，否則，就喝原味的水吧。故作者建議普通人運動時要喝原味的水。故C項正確。3．答案與解析：D考查理解目的的能力。根據第一段可知，糖與一些重大疾病有關，所以作者建議減少高糖食物和飲料的攝入，同時作者介紹了四種高糖飲料及替代方案。故本文的寫作目的是警告讀者少喝高糖飲料。故D項正確。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——歷史人物——推動疫苗接種的先行者【語篇解讀】三百年前，英國的MaryWortleyMontagu在土耳其目睹了當地婦女接種天花疫苗后，決定將這種技術帶回英國，給女兒接種天花疫苗。她沖破重重阻力，終于成功接種，并得到了當地醫生的認可和推廣。4．答案與解析：B考查理解段落主旨要義的能力。通讀第二段可知，該段首句“MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkey”為第二段的主題句；結合下文內容可知，該段主要講述了Montagu在土耳其目睹當地人預防天花的經過，故B項正確。5．答案與解析：B考查理解具體信息的能力。根據第三段第三句“Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors'professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome”可知，由無執照的業余人士進行接種會威脅到醫生的職業地位并有可能剝奪他們寶貴的收入。據此可知，在英國接種天花疫苗很困難是因為這損害了當地醫生的利益，故B項正確。6．答案與解析：C考查理解具體信息的能力。根據第四段尾句“Afterasafetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter”可知，在接種疫苗后的一段安全時間過后，Montagu同意醫生為她的女兒進行檢查。根據第五段首句“DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice”可知，英國醫生逐漸接受了接種天花疫苗。據此可知，由于Montagu給她的女兒成功接種了天花疫苗，故英國醫生開始接受。故C項正確。7．答案與解析：A考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。通讀全文可知，本文首句“Withtheworld'sattentiononvaccines(疫苗)，nowitfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthepraisesofanoftenforgottencontributortotheirdevelopment”是全文的主旨句；結合下文內容可知，本文主要介紹了推動天花疫苗接種的先行者Montagu的故事。她勇敢地讓她的女兒嘗試接種并獲得成功，從而使英國的醫生逐漸接受了天花疫苗的接種。故A項最適合作為本文標題。C語篇類型：議論文主題語境：人與社會——做人與做事——擁有一顆感恩的心【語篇解讀】在信息時代，我們缺少一顆感恩的心。我們可以從藝術史中，向偉大的藝術家學習。他們抓住一些小細節進行描繪，所以作者建議我們在表達感恩和感謝時應該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個非常詳細的理由。8．答案與解析：D考查推斷的能力。根據第一段中的“Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart”可知，為了使我們的信息更有效，我們可以從藝術史中學習。由此可推知，我們可以從藝術中得到寫感謝信的靈感。故D項正確。9．答案與解析：C考查理解詞匯的能力。根據畫線部分所在句的前句和后句信息可知，藝術家不僅僅告訴我們春天很美好，而且還告訴我們一些(這種美好的)細節如：似新生兒柔軟的手的樹葉，溫暖的陽光和刺骨的微風的反差，小鳥輕柔的叫聲……。由此可推知，畫線句應是指藝術家還專注描寫細節。故“zeroinon”應是“專注于”。A項意為“省略”；B項意為“清理”；D項意為“阻止”。故選C項。10．答案與解析：B考查理解文章結構、類型的能力。第三段以土豆有香味和朋友的關心兩個小細節為例論證：細節等待著我們去捕捉。故第三段是通過舉例來論證觀點。故B項正確。11．答案與解析：B考查推斷的能力。根據最后一段最后一句“Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude”可知，作者認為在表達感謝時應該找到并緊緊抓住兩三個非常詳細的理由，所以作者會推薦B項(你的關懷和溫暖的微笑照亮了我的一天)，因為B項屬于這種詳細的理由。故B項正確。D語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——研究創造——用基因編輯技術制造辣番茄【語篇解讀】本文介紹了巴西和愛爾蘭的研究人員用基因編輯技術提取辣椒素，制造辣番茄的相關情況。12．答案與解析：D考查理解具體信息的能力。根據第三段中的“withhottomatoesofferinganewwayofharvestingthepungent(辣的)chemicalsfoundinpeppersknownascapsaicinoids(辣椒素)，whichmakefoodtaste‘hot’”可知，研究人員制造辣番茄是為了找到新的提取辣椒素的方法，故D項正確。13．答案與解析：C考查推斷的能力。根據第四段中的“Capsaicinoidsareveryvaluablecompounds(化合物)：theyareusedintheweaponsindustry，theyarealsousedforpainkillers”可知，辣椒素可用于武器制造和止痛藥等領域，據此判斷辣椒素可用于頭疼，故C項正確。14．答案與解析：D考查理解觀點、態度的能力。根據倒數第二段中的“Bycontrast，tomatoproductionishighandtheplantiswell-studied.‘Youcouldproducethecapsaicinoidsinamorecost-effectivemanner’”可知，Zs?g?n認為基因編輯技術可以讓辣椒素的提取成本變得更低，故可推知他對基因編輯技術很有信心，故D項正確。unacceptable“不能接受的，不受歡迎的”；uncertain“不確定的，信心不足的”；tolerant“寬容的，容忍的”。15．答案與解析：B考查理解文章主旨要義的能力。根據本文的中心句“‘Spicytomatoescouldsoonbeonthemenuthankstotheriseofgene-editing(基因編輯)technology，’researcherssay”可知，本文主要講述了研究人員用基因編輯技術制造辣番茄的相關情況，故B項正確。第二節語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自我——愛好——愛好的好處和培養【語篇解讀】文章主要介紹了擁有愛好的好處以及一些適合培養成愛好的事。16．答案與解析：G空格前講愛好是一個幫助你忘記煩惱的好辦法；空格后講所以你在賺錢謀生之外做的事很重要。G項“實際上，很多研究都關注到了愛好能減輕壓力的特性”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。17．答案與解析：A空格前講觀賞鳥類可以成為你一個很好的愛好；空格后講它們可以包括聽鳥叫，用眼睛發現和識別鳥。A項“這個活動結合了幾種感官”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。18．答案與解析：C空格處是本段主旨句。本段主要介紹了在田地里工作的各種好處。C項“園藝包括創造力和在大自然中的時間”能概括本段大意，適合做本段主旨句。故選C。19．答案與解析：F空格前講釀造啤酒的各種好處。F項“另外，你將一直擁有一份很棒的自制禮物來送給親朋好友”承接上文，符合語境。故選F。20．答案與解析：D空格前講拍照如今是一個相比過去更容易培養的愛好；空格后講現在，一臺好的數碼相機意味著你可以低成本低風險地從事攝影(行業)。D項“過去沖洗膠卷既費時又昂貴”承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。第二部分語言知識運用第一節語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——個人經歷——為患病的和有殘疾的孩子制作披風【語篇解讀】不管多小，每個超級英雄都需要披風，這是RobynRosenberger開始為患有癌癥等疾病的孩子制作披風的動機，她把為患病的和有殘疾的孩子專門制作披風發展成一種事業。21．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。根據下文中的“Itallbeganwhenshewasmakingacape”并結合選項可知，此處指縫制披風。22．答案與解析：A考查邏輯推斷。根據空前的“cancer,hearttrouble”尤其是關鍵詞“andother”可知，此處指的是疾病。23．答案與解析：C考查語境和常識推斷。此處指的是制作一個披風送給侄子，結合常識可推斷披風在此是一個禮物(present)。24．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。根據空后的“apotentiallydeadlyskincondition”“whatshewassuffering”可知，這個女孩患有可能致命的疾病，因此此處用battling表示與疾病作斗爭。25．答案與解析：C考查語境和常識推斷。根據語境和常識可知，與可能致命的疾病作斗爭必須堅強，故用tough“堅強的”。26．答案與解析：B考查詞匯復現。根據首段第一句“Everysuperhero,nomatterhowsmall,needsacape(披風)”可知，Brenna是個超級英雄，她需要(needed)披風。27．答案與解析：C考查語境和常識推斷。別人送給孩子禮物，作為母親理應感到高興(delighted)。28．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。由上文可知Rosenberger聽說了Brenna的事就給她送了一個披風，由此可以推斷出她在網上發現十個這樣的孩子后送出了十個披風。bringsth.in“提出，引入”不符合語境。29．答案與解析：B考查邏輯推斷。由空后的“todedicateherselffull-timeto”可以推斷出，專門從事做披風，意味著要辭去(quit)原先的工作。30．答案與解析：D考查邏輯推斷。根據空前的“”可知，這是一個網站。31．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。根據上文提到的小女孩與可能致命的疾病做斗爭的故事可知，這些孩子是勇敢的(brave)。32．