Unit4

Bodylanguage

Reading

1Whatisbodylanguage？

◆Bodylanguageisactions.

◆Bodylanguageisusedtoexpressyourself,andcommunicateideas.◆Bodylanguagegoeswithnowords.◆Bodylanguageisactionsthatcancommunicateideaswithoutuseofwords.2Tocommunicatewitheachother.Howcanyoucommunicatewithsomeoneifyoucannotspeak?Giveanexample.Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeoflanguage?

Pre-reading

3Oneformofcommunicationwithoutusinganywords.gesturepostureDefinitionofBodyLanguage4eye

contactfacial

expression5Whatdopeopleindifferentcountries

usuallydowhenmeeting?Japan:bowChina,Britain:handshake6Somewesterncountries:hugRussia,France,Arab:kiss7

ReadingCOMMUNICATION:NOPROBLEM?8SkimmingHowmanyinternationalstudentsarethereinthestory?Whoaretheyandwheredo

theycomefrom?SixSkimthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.9

Whoaretheyandwheredotheycomefrom?

TonyGarciaJuliaSmithAkiraNagataGeorgeCookAhmedAzizDarleneCoulon

ColombiaBritainJapanCanadaJordan

France10NameDescriptionBodyLanguageToWhomTonyGarciaeveryoneno

touchingman

from

JapanmanfromColombiakissonthecheekbowingeveryoneeveryoneJulia

SmithAkiraNagatawomanfromBritainCompletethechart.11NameDescriptionBodyLanguageToWhomGeorge

Cookto

men

to

womenshakehands

andkisstwiceoneachcheekmanfromCanadashakinghandsshakinghandsnoddingAhmedAzizDarleneCoulonman

fromJordaneveryonewoman

from

Francepeople

she

knows12Whilereading,pleasetrytodividethewholepassageintofourpartsandmatchthemainidea.

Part1.(para.1)Part2(para.2&3)Part3.(para.4)Part4.(para.5)D

TomeettheinternationalstudentsattheCapitalInternationalAirport.

Tointroducethestudentstoeachotherandexplaintheirdifferentwaysofgreeting.BToexplaindifferentcultural“bodylanguage”insomecountries.CSummaryofbodylanguage.AScanning13Ittellsusabouttheimportanceandnecessityofbodylanguageanditsdifferencesbetweendifferentcultures.Themainideaofthewholetext:14When:__________________________Who:____________________________________________________________________Where:_______________________________Whattodo:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________yesterdayanotherstudentandI,theCapitalInternationalAirportthisyear’sinternationalstudentsWewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Detailedreading:Para115FindoutthetwoculturalmistakesinPara2TonyGarciaJuliaSmithThefirstmistake(Colombia)(Britain)HeapproachedJulia,______________________and_______heronthe________.She______________appearing_________andputupherhands,asif__________.shouldertouchedherkissedcheeksteppedbacksurprisedindefenceThesecondmistakeAkiraNagata(Japan)GeorgeCook(Canada)He________hishand________totheJapanesestudent.He________sohisnose________George’s_______________.bowedtouchedmovinghandreached

outReaditaloudbyyourself.161.HowdomenfromMuslimcountriesgreetothers?2.

Istheauthormaleorfemale?Howdoyouknow?3.HowdidTonyandDarlenegreeteachother?Para3:Theyshookhandsandthenkissedeachothertwiceoneachcheek,andthisistheFrenchcustomwhenadults

meetpeopletheyknow.Tomen:Towomen:standclose,andshakehandsnodMale.BecauseAhmed

Azizonlyshakeshandswithmen.

Listentothetape.17Peopleinthecountry/area

WaystogreeteachotherEnglishpeoplePeoplefromSpain,ItalyandSouthAmericancountriesJapaneseMostpeoplearoundtheworld_________otherscloselyandaremorelikelyto__________.Donotstand_________toothersortouch________whentheymeet.

BowShakehandsFillinthetableaccordingtoPara4:Readittogether.veryclosestrangersApproachtouchthem181.Mr.GarciakissedMissJuliaSmithbecausetheyhaveknowneachotherwell.2.GeorgeCookreacheshishandoutinordertoshakehandswiththeJapanese.3.Allculturesdon’tgreeteachthesameway.F

Trueorfalse?TT

194.WhenaJapanesebowstoyou,heisapologizingtoyouforwhathehasdone.5.Frenchpeople,liketheEnglish,willkeepacertaindistancefromothers.6.MenfromallMuslincountrieswillnotshakehandswithwomen.F

FF

207.Fromthepassagewecanseewesternculturesarebetterthaneasterncultures.8.It’snecessarytostudybodylanguagebecauseithelpsustogetbetterunderstandingamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.FT

21______languageis__________fromcultureto________.Notall________ofaculture________inthe______way.Ingeneral,_________internationalcustomscancertainlyhelp________difficultiesintheculturalcommunication.Writeasummaryabout30words.Bodydifferentculturemembersbehavesame

studyingavoidSummary22Bodylanguageisveryimportantinourdailylife,anditmayvaryfromdifferentcultures.Whenwearevisitingothercountries,weshouldfollowtheircustoms.Thatistosay,_________________________.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.入鄉隨俗Whatcanyoulearnfromthispassage?23LanguagePoints24

Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,__________(represent)ouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Afterhalfanhourof____(wait)

fortheirflighttoarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeople______(enter)the______(wait)area______(look)around________(curious).Istoodforaminute_______(watch)themandthen_______(go)togreetthem.representingwaitingenterwaitinglookingcuriouslywatchingwent251)represent

動詞,“代表”Tobechosentorepresenttheircountryisthehighesthonorformostathletes.能被選拔出來代表國家參賽,是多數運動員的最高榮譽。representation

n.

代表;表現;描寫representative

adj．有代表性的;典型的他唯一的目標是代表英國參加奧運會。

HisonlyaimistorepresentBritainattheOlympics262)association

n.“協會;社團Doyoubelongtoanyprofessionalassociation?你屬于哪個專業學會?HeisamemberoftheAssociationofUniversityTeachers.他是大學教師聯合會的一名成員。associate

v．

把……聯系起來;由273)curious

adj.

好奇的;有求知欲的;奇怪的curiosity

n.

好奇心outof

curiosity

出于好奇be

curious

about

sth

對某事感到好奇be

curious

to

do

sth

很想做某事;渴望做某事28

昨天我代表東江中學去迎接英國的一個社團到我們學校

交流，出于好奇我們靠近他們，但同時由于潛意識地保護自己，我們出現了主要的誤會。這是真實發生的。representgreetassociationcommunicatecuriosityapproachdefendmajormisunderstandingtrulyededed29

模仿課文第一段翻譯下列句子

昨天，我和另一個同學代表我們學校的學生會去河源火車站迎接今年的國際學生。他們來東江中學學習。我們會首先把他們帶到宿舍，然后去飯堂。30

1．representvt.代表；

2．greetvi.&vt.迎接；

3．associationn．社團；聯系；聯想

4．communicatev.交流

5．curiousadj.好奇的

6．approachvt.&vi.接受；靠近

7.defendvt.保護；保衛

8．majoradj.主要的

9．misunderstandingn.誤解；誤會31

Thefirstperson______(arrive)wasTonyGarciafromColombia,closely______(follow)byJuliaSmithfromBritain.AfterI_____(meet)themandthenintroducedthemtoeachother,I_______(surprise).TonyapproachedJulia,_____(touch)hershoulderandkissedheronthecheek!toarrivefollowedmetwassurprisedtouched321.靠近approachv.WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent...當我走近時，他們就不說話了Weturnedtoseetheapproachingcarslowdown.我們轉身看見駛近的車慢慢停下。2.n.通往…的路anapproachto…

方法anapproachtodoingsth.332.n.

方法;步驟;通路;通道Theapproachtothehousewasanarrowpath.通往這房子的路是一條狹窄的小徑。Thebest

approachtolearnaforeignlanguageisthestudyofthespokenlanguage.學習外語的最好的途徑是學口語。Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogatheringinformation.我們將探索收集信息的不同方法。Thesummeris

approaching.

夏季即將來臨。34touch

vt.

觸摸,接觸,觸及,輕觸Itoldyounottotouchmythings.touchsb./sth.(withsth.)感動(某人)觸動某人(某人的感情)Hermiserableexperiencetouchedusalldeeply/touchedourheartswithsorrow.她經歷很不幸,我們深受感動/我們都很傷心。35

n.

接觸,聯系

get/keepintouchwithsb.

與……取得/保持聯系be

in/outof~（withsb.)

與……有/無聯系We’vebeenout

of

roducesb.tosb.

把某人介紹給某人

o…

采用;引進36Potatoeswerefirst

introducedintoEuropefromSouthAroductionn.

aletterof~

介紹信makeaself-introduction

作自我介紹make~toeachother互相介紹YaoMingisapersonneedsno~.37

5.apologizev.道歉,認錯

apologize

tosb.forsth./doingsth.Heapologizedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.他因為沒有出席她舉行的宴會而向她表示歉意。

apologyn.makean

apology

tosb.for(doing)sth.accept/refusean

apology38Shesteppedback___________(appear)surprisedandputupherhands,asif____defence.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajormisunderstanding.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancamein______(smile),togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Asthey_________(introduce),GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge'smovinghand.Theybothapologized-anotherculturalmistake!appearinginindefence保衛，防御，為保衛…smilingwereintroduced

39Thesolidersdied_________________(為保衛國家）defend…against保護…不受…，防御

他們竭盡全力抵御敵人。Theytriedtodefendthemselvesagainsttheenemy.indefenceoftheircountry40not

…nor

既不……又不……

notall連用形成部分否定Not

allculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,

nor

aretheycomfortable

inthesamewaywith

touchingordistancebetweenpeople.各種文化背景下的人相互問候的方式不盡相同,身體接觸和相互間距的程度也不盡相同。41notall/allnot表部分否定Notallthechildrenarenaughty.=Allthechildrenarenotnaughty拓展every…not=notevery并非每個

both…not=notboth

并非兩個都表全部否定：noone，none（對all/every等的全部否定eg：Noneofthestudentswasabsentthismorning.both兩者之間，否定時用neither42nor/neither+助/情態/系（be）+主語

也不，否定副詞,常置于句首，要倒裝其后的謂語取決于前面的動詞若前面的謂語動詞為實義動詞→do/does/did助動詞→助動詞情態動詞→情態動詞系be→系beIdon’tlikeher,nor/neitherdoesLily.Iamnotanurse,nor/neitherisLily.43Inthesamewaythat

people

communicatewithspokenlanguage,theyalso

express

theirfeelingsusingunspoken

“language”throughkeepingphysicaldistance,actionsorposture.1)that引導的是方式定語從句。

Thewaythat/inwhich/或不用關聯詞。2)using引導的是狀語,v-ing做狀語。44expressvt.(用語言,神色,動作等)表達,表示(感情,意見)你對我的幫助,我感激不盡。

Ican’texpresstoyouhowgratefulIamforyourhelp.express

oneself

(清楚地)表達自己的意思他仍然不能用英語表達自己的意思。HeisstillunabletoexpresshimselfinEnglish.45express

n.快車(=expresstrain)The8amexpresstoBeijing.(郵局,鐵路,公路等部門提供的)速遞,速運sendgoodsbyexpress

特快貨運expression

n.

表達,表情

ahappyexpression

愉快的神情FederalExpress46belikelyto很可能；有希望Eg:Thetrainislikelytobelate.

火車有可能晚點。Eg:Sheis

themostlikelytowintheprize.

她最有可能獲獎。常用句型：sb./sth.islikelytodosth.Itislikelythat…很可能47她今晚很可能給我打電話It'sverylikelythatshe'llringmetonight=Sheisverylikelytoringmetonight注：likely的主語既可以是人也可是物，英語幾乎不能說:it’slikelytodosth.特例：Itislikelytorain.(句子中的it是天氣,并不是形式主語。)Itispossible(forsb)todo...48辨析:possible,likely,probable1)possible作形容詞意為“有可能的”,在三個詞中語氣最弱,強調客觀上有可能性,但常常有“實際希望很小”的暗示,在句中作表語和定語,通常情況下不能用人作主語,而以事物作主語。一般用it作形式主語,構成It’spossiblethat...或Itispossible(forsb)todo...句型。492)likely既可作形容詞又可作副詞用,意為“很可能發生的”,它側重于從表面看來某事很有可能發生,與probable意思接近,有時二者可以通用,含義區別也不大。它的主語可以指人,也可以指一件事，其后可以接不定式,sb./sth.islikelytodosth.

也可用于Itislikelythat...

結構中。503)probable作形容詞意為“可能發生的”、“有可能成為現實的”,表示事情十有八九要發生,在三個詞中語氣最強。常用作表語或定語,也不能用指人的詞作主語,

可以表示事物的詞作主語。通常也用it作形式主語,其后接that從句,構成“Itisprobablethat...”句型。可能性：possible＜likely＜probable51eg：Newdriversarefarmore_____tohaveaccidentsthanexperienceddrivers.2.Don’tworry.Heis______togetintouchwithyou.3.Couldyou_______openthatwindowforme?(表示委婉請求)likelylikelypossibly52general

1)adj.

普遍的,全面的

Amatterof~concern/interest

普遍(公眾)關心/感興趣的事情

2)總的,整體的

generalideaofthepassageIngeneral

大體上,通常,總的來講

Ingeneral,heisagoodguy.53generallyspeaking

一般而言；概括地說franklyspeaking坦白地說honestlyspeaking老實說avoid

vt.避開,避免

avoid(sth/doing)我認為她在避開我。Ithinksheisavoidingme.avoidableadj.Itisunavoidabletomakemistakesinourlife.54

Itisa_______problemparkingyourcarinBeijing.2.IsthatWangLi’sfriendfromWuxi?I’dlikehimto_________hertome.majorintroduceCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsandexpressionsfromthereading.553.AsmyEnglishvocabularyisverylimited,veryoftenIexpressmymeaningwiththehelpof________________.4.Thereisasayingthat_______speaklouderthanwords.5.Blindpeoplehavetounderstandpeople’sfeelingsthrough_______language.

body

languageactionsspoken566.Althoughblindpeoplearenot__________understandyourbodylanguage,theycanstillusebodylanguageto_________theirownideas.7.Whenyou___________blindpeople,theycannottelliftheyknowyouuntilyoubegintospeak.

likely

toexpressapproach578.Iamalways_______abouthowhe_______bumpingintoothersorfallingdownwhilewalkingonthestreet.9.The________opinionisthatthe______governmentshouldtakeactionstohelptheblindpeople10.In________,itisbetternottokisssomebodyyoudon’tknowasyoumaysurprisethem.11.Myleaderwantsmeto___________heratthemeeting.curiousavoidsgenerallocalgeneralrepresent58Homework

Copydownthenewwords.2.Finishtheexercisesonpages28and29.Payattentiontotheusefulwords,expressionsandstructures.59模仿課文第一段翻譯下列句子昨天，我和另一個同學代表我們學校的學生會去河源火車站迎接今年的國際學生。他們來東江中學學習。我們會首先把他們帶到宿舍，然后去飯堂。60Translation當我走進時，他們就不說話了。她經歷很不幸,我們深受感動這條小路是通往那座房子的。

夏季即將來臨。土豆最早是由南美洲傳入歐洲的。他因為沒有出席她舉行的宴會而向她表示歉意。611.WhenIapproached,theygrewsilent.

2.Hermiserableexperiencetouchedusdeeply.

3.Thepathisapproachtothehouse.

4.Thesummerisapproaching.

5.PotatoeswerefirstintroducedintoEuropefromSouthAmerica.

6.Heapologizedtoherfornotgoingtoherparty.

6263狀語是用于說明地點、時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等的一種句法成份。修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成份叫狀語。64The–ingformastheAttributiveandAdverbialGrammar65

Yesterday,anotherstudentandI,representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation,wenttotheCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.TheywerecomingtostudyatBeijingUniversity.Wewouldtakethemfirsttotheirdormitoriesandthentothestudentcanteen.Afterhalfanhourofwaiting

fortheirflighttoarrive,Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaitingarealookingaroundcuriously.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandthengotogreetthem.66Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands,asifindefence.Iguessedthattherewasprobablyamajormisunderstanding.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwithGeorgeCookfromCanada.Astheyintroduced,GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.Justatthatmoment,however,AkirabowedsohisnosetouchedGeorge'smovinghand.Theybothapologized-anotherculturalmistake!67V-ing形式V-ing形式由“do＋ing”構成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以帶賓語或狀語構成V-ing短語,沒有人稱和數的變化,但有時態和語態的變化。68現在分詞作定語,當分詞單獨做定語時,放在所修飾的名詞前,說明其修飾名詞的性質或特征,表示供作…之用”和“…的”。現在分詞作定語awalking

stick(astickusedforwalking)drinking

water(waterfordrinking)a

waiting

room(aroomforwaiting)

working

peoplethe

rising

sun69動詞-ing形式是短語,應放在所修飾的名詞后,相當于一個定語從句。Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.whocomefromseveralcountries.ThreedayslaterIreceivedaletteroffering

methejob.whichofferedmethejob.Thegirlstanding

thereismyclassmate.whostandsthere70Exercise:1.____dogsseldombite.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.Thewolfspokeina_____voiceandMr.

Dongguofelt______.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frighteningDA713.It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept4.The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake5.Thehotel______nowbesidetheparkwasdesignedbyagroupofyoungmen.A.tobebuiltB.beingbuiltC.builtD.buildingCAB726.WhenthefirstsettlersarrivedintheNewWorld,theIndians_______jewellerymadeofanimalbonesgreetedthemwarmly.A.wearingB.towearC.wornD.havingworn7.Doyouknowtheboy_______theretalkingtoyoursister?A.tobestandingB.stoodC.beingstandingD.standingAD73現在分詞作狀語現在分詞作狀語時,分詞的邏輯主語必須是句子的主語,分詞必須和句中的主語含有邏輯上的主謂關系,否則不能用現在分詞作狀語。但要注意它的各種形式變化:主動形式被動形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式74e.g.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

聽見鈴聲,學生們開始走進教室。(聽見和進入兩個動作同時發生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.現在正在建造的這棟樓房室我們的新圖書館。(beingbuilt為現在分詞的被動形式,表示動作正在進行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.

完成了工作,他就回家了。75現在分詞在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動詞或整個句子,表示動作發生的原因、時間、方式、結果、條件、伴隨狀況等。現在分詞一般不用作表目的地狀語(通常用不定式表目的地狀語)。76Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表時間狀語772)表原因狀語Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一個學生,你就應該努力學習。由于想到它或許在家,所以我就給他打了電話。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)78

3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語:作伴隨狀語的分詞表示的動作,必須是主語的一個動作,或是與謂語所表示地動作(或狀態)同時發生,或是對謂語表示的動詞(或狀態)作進一步地補充說明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)79他們笑著談著走進了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking804)表結果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受歡迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong815)表條件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就會看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead826)與邏輯主語構成獨立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車時,一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經賣光了,他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.

如果時間允許,我們將做另兩個練習。83有時也可用with(without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點著燈睡著了。7)作獨立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看,他一定是個演員。84Exercise:1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD現在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)853.Hesatthere_____,withhisheadonhishand.A.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought4.The____PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC865.Inwintersteamcanbeseen______fromwetclothes______nearafire.A.rising,hangingB.rising,tohangC.rise,hangingD.torise,tohang6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise________.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon7.YesterdayProfessorLireceivedaletterfromoneofhisfriends,________himtowriteanarticle,andheaccepted.A.havinginvitedB.invitedC.tobeinvitedD.inviting

AAD878.Findinghercarstolen,_________.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp9.________,theboycouldn’tenterhishouse.A.SincethekeyhaslostB.ThekeybeenlostC.LostthekeyD.HavinglostthekeyDD8810.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepare B.preparingC.prepared D.waspre