專業英語詞匯1總論采礦mining地下采礦undergroundmining露天采礦opencutmining,openpitmining,surfacemining采礦工程miningengineering選礦（學）mineraldressing,orebeneficiation,mineralprocessing礦物工程mineralengineering冶金（學）metallurgy過程冶金（學）processmetallurgy提取冶金（學）extractivemetallurgy化學冶金（學）chemicalmetallurgy物理冶金（學）physicalmetallurgy金屬學Metallkunde冶金過程物理化學physicalchemistryofprocessmetallurgy冶金反應工程學metallurgicalreactionengineering冶金工程metallurgicalengineering鋼鐵冶金（學）ferrousmetallurgy,metallurgyofironandsteel有色冶金(學)nonferrousmetallurgy真空冶金(學)vacuummetallurgy等離子冶金(學)plasmametallurgy微生物冶金(學)microbialmetallurgy噴射冶金(學)injectionmetallurgy鋼包冶金(學)ladlemetallurgy二次冶金(學)secondarymetallurgy機械冶金(學)mechanicalmetallurgy焊接冶金(學)weldingmetallurgy粉末冶金(學)powdermetallurgy鑄造學foundry火法冶金(學)pyrometallurgy濕法冶金(學)hydrometallurgy電冶金(學)electrometallurgy氯冶金(學)chlorinemetallurgy礦物資源綜合利用engineeringofcomprehensiveutilizationofmineralresources中國金屬學會TheChineseSocietyforMetals中國有色金屬學會TheNonferrousMetalsSocietyofChina2采礦采礦工藝miningtechnology有用礦物valuablemineral冶金礦產原料metallurgicalmineralrawmaterials礦床mineraldeposit特殊采礦specializedmining海洋采礦oceanicmining,marinemining礦田minefield礦山mine露天礦山surfacemine地下礦山undergroundmine礦井shaft礦床勘探mineraldepositexploration礦山可行性研究minefeasibilitystudy礦山規模minecapacity礦山生產能力mineproductioncapacity礦山年產量annualmineoutput礦山服務年限minelife礦山基本建設mineconstruction礦山建設期限mineconstructionperiod礦山達產arrivalatminefullcapacity開采強度miningintensity礦石回收率orerecoveryratio礦石損失率orelossratio工業礦石industrialore采出礦石extractedore礦體orebody礦脈vein海洋礦產資源oceanicmineralresources礦石ore礦石品位oregrade巖石力學rockmechanics巖體力學rockmassmechanics3選礦選礦廠concentrator,mineralprocessingplant工藝礦物學processmineralogy開路opencircuit閉路closedcircuit流程flowsheet方框流程blockflowsheet產率yield回收率recovery礦物mineral粒度particlesize粗顆粒coarseparticle細顆粒fineparticle超微顆粒ultrafineparticle粗粒級coarsefraction細粒級finefraction網目mesh原礦runofmine,crude精礦concentrate粗精礦roughconcentrate混合精礦bulkconcentrate最終精礦finalconcentrate尾礦tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding團聚agglomeration篩分screening,sieving分級classification富集concentration分選separation手選handsorting重選gravityseparation,gravityconcentration磁選magneticseparation電選electrostaticseparation浮選flotation化學選礦chemicalmineralprocessing自然銅nativecopper鋁土礦bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁鐵礦magnetite赤鐵礦hematite假象赤鐵礦martite釩鈦磁鐵礦vanadiumtitano-magnetite鐵燧石taconite褐鐵礦limonite菱鐵礦siderite鏡鐵礦specularite硬錳礦psilomelane軟錳礦pyrolusite鉻鐵礦chromite黃鐵礦pyrite鈦鐵礦ilmennite金紅石rutile螢石fluorite高嶺石kaolinite菱鎂礦magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇紋石serpentine階段破碎stagecrushing粗碎primarycrushing中碎secondarycrushing細碎finecrushing對輥破碎機rollcrusher粉磨機pulverizer震動篩vibratingscreen篩網screencloth篩孔screenopening篩上料oversize篩下料undersize粗磨coarsegrinding細磨finegrinding球磨機ballmill襯板liner分級機classifier自由沉降freesetting沉積sedimentation石灰lime松油pineoil硫化鈉sodiumsulfide硅酸鈉（水玻璃）sodiumsilicate,waterglass過濾filtration過濾機filter給礦，給料feeding給礦機feeder在線分析儀onlineanalyzer在線粒度分析儀onlinesizeanalyzer超聲粒度計ultrasonicparticlesizer,supersonicparticlesizer4冶金過程物理化學冶金過程熱力學thermodynamicsofmetallurgicalprocesses統計熱力學statisticalthermodynamics不可逆過程熱力學thermodynamicsofirreversibleprocesses化學熱力學chemicalthernodynamics表面熱力學surfacethermodynamics合金熱力學thermodynamicsofalloys冶金熱力學數據庫thermodynamicsdatabankinmetallurgy系system單元系single-componentsystem多元系multicomponentsystem均相系統homogeneoussystem廣度性質extensiveproperty強度性質intensiveproperty過程process等溫過程isothermalprocess等壓過程isobaricprocess等容過程isochoricprocess絕熱過程adiabaticprocess可逆過程reversibleprocess不可逆過程irreversibleprocess自發過程spontaneousprocess自理過程physicalprocess化學過程chemicalprocess冶金過程metallurgicalprocess化學反應chemicalreaction化合反應combinationreaction分解反應decompositionreaction置換反應displacementreaction可逆反應reversiblereaction不可逆反應irreversiblereaction電化學反應electrochemicalreaction多相反應multiphasereaction固態反應solidstatereaction氣一金(屬)反應gas-metalreaction渣一金（屬）反應slag-metalreaction平衡equilibrium化學平衡chemicalequilibrium相平衡phaseequilibrium熱力學平衡thermodynamicequilibrium亞穩平衡metastableequilibrium熱力學函數thermodynamicfunction偏摩爾量partialmolarquantity總摩爾量integralmolarquantity標準態standardstate焓enthalpy生成焓enthalpyofformation反應焓enthalpyofreaction熵entropy吉布斯能Gibbsenergy生成吉布斯能Gibbsenergyofformation反應吉布斯能Gibbsenergyofreaction溶解吉布斯能Gibbsenergyofsolution吉布斯能函數Gibbsenergyfunction化學位chemicalpotential熱化學thermochemistry熱效應heateffect熱容heatcapacity熔化熱heatoffusion汽化熱heatofvaporization升華熱heatofsublimation相變熱heatofphasetransformation放熱反應exothermicreaction吸熱反應endothermicreaction赫斯定律Hess’slaw相律phaserule相圖phasediagram一元相圖single-componentphasediagram二元相圖binary-componentphasediagram三元相圖ternary-componentphasediagram液相線liquidus固相線solidus共晶點eutecticpoint杠桿規則leverrule溶液solution溶質solute溶劑solvent固溶體solidsolution溶液濃度concentrationofsolution摩爾分數molefraction冶金熔體metallurgicalmelt金屬熔體metalmelt(爐)渣,熔渣slag熔鹽moltensalt,fusedsalt理想溶液idealsolution真實溶液realsolution正規溶液regularsolution活度activity活度系數activitycoefficient拉烏爾定律Raoult’slaw亨利定律Henry’slaw純物質標準態puresubstancestandard質量１％溶液標準(態)1mass%solutionstandard無限稀溶液參考態referencestateofinfinitylydilutesolution相互作用系數interactioncoefficient化學反應等溫式chemicalreactionisotherm吉布斯～亥姆霍茲方程Gibbs-Helmholtzequation質量作用定律lawofmassaction平衡常數equilibriumconstant平衡值equilibriumvalue直接還原directreduction間接還原indirectreduction金屬熱還原metallothermicreduction選擇性氧化selectiveoxidation渣堿度basicityofslag光學破度opticalbasicity酸性氧化物acidoxide堿性氧化物basicoxide兩性氧化物amphoteric泡沫渣foamingslag熔渣的分子理論moleculartheoryofslag熔渣的離子理論ionizationtheoryofslag脫氧平衡deoxidationequilibrium脫氧常數deoxidationconstant熔渣脫硫desulfurizationbyslag氣態脫硫desulfurizationinthegaseousstate硫分配比sulfurpartitionratio硫化物容量sulfidecapacity氧化脫磷dephosphorizationunderoxidizingatmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygenequilibrium真空脫碳vacuumdecarburization去氣degassing去除非金屬夾雜(物)eliminationofnonmetallicinclusion非金屬夾雜(物)變形formmodificationofnonmetallicinclusion脫硅desiliconization脫錳demanganization分配平衡distributionlaw化學氣相沉積chemicalvapordeposition(CVD)冶金過程動力學微觀動力學microkinetics化學動力學chemicalkinetics反應途徑reactionpath反應機理reactionmechanism基元反應elementaryreaction平行反應parallel鏈反應chainreaction總反應overallreaction反應速率reactionrate反應速率常數reactionrateconstant反應級數reactionorder零級反應zeroorderreaction一級反應firstorderreaction二級反應secondorderreactionn級反應nthorderreaction碰撞理論collisiontheory活化能activationenergy表現活化能apparentactivationenergy阿倫尼烏斯方程Arrheniusequation半衰期half-life宏觀動力學macrokinetics冶金過程動力學kineticsofmetallurgicalprocess傳輸現象transportphenomena傳質masstransfer傳熱heattransfer動量傳輸momentumtransfer層流laminarflow湍流turbulentflow氣泡gasbubble鼓泡bubbling射流jet液滴liquiddroplet粘度viscosity邊界層boundarylayer流率flowrate通量flux擴散diffusion菲克第一擴散定律Fick’s1stlawofdiffusion菲克第一擴散定律Fick’s2ndlawofdiffusion擴散系數diffusioncoefficient傳質系數masstransfercoefficient熱傳導heatconduction熱對流heatconvection自然對流naturalconvection強制對流forcedconvection熱輻射heatradiation導熱率thermalconductivity傳熱系數heattransfercoefficient體內濃度bulkconcentration未反應核模型unreactedcoremodel擴散控制反應diffusion-controlledreaction化學控制反應chenical-controlledreaction混合控制反應mixed-controlledreaction相似原理pricipleofsimilarity雷諾數Reynoldsnumber固定床fiexedbed填充床packedbed移動床movingbed流態化床fluidizedbed混合時間mixingtime停留時間residencetime,retentiontime催化catalysis催化劑catalyst表面能surfaceenergy表面張力surfacetension界面能interfacialenergy界面張力interfacialtension潤濕wetting表面活性物質surface-activesubstance吸收absorption吸附absorption冶金電化學冶金電化學metallurgicalelectrochemistry熔鹽電化學electrochemistryoffusedsalts固態離子學solidstateionics電解質溶液electrolytesolution陽離子cation陰離子anion電導conductance電導率conductivity電阻resistance電極electrode陰極cathode陽極anode電鍍electroplating固體電解質solidelectrolyte穩定的氧化鋯stablizedzirconia氧傳感器oxygensensor硅傳感器siliconsensor定氧測頭oxygenprobe定硅測頭siliconprobe冶金物理化學研究方法冶金物理化學研究方法researchmethodsinmetallurgicalphysicalchemistry熱電偶thermocouple量熱計calorimeter熱太平thermobalance熱分析thermalanalysis差熱分析differentialthermalanalysis,DTA熱重法thermogravimetry分子篩molecularsieve5鋼鐵冶金煉焦煉焦coking高溫炭化hightemperaturecarbonization塑性成焦機理plasticmechanismofcokeformation中間相成焦機理mesophasemechanismofcokeformation選煤coalpreparation,coalwashing配煤coalblending配煤試驗coalblendingtest煉焦煤cokingcoal氣煤gascoal肥煤fatcoal瘦煤leancoal焦爐cokeoven焦化室ovenchamber焦餅cokecake結焦時間cokingtime周轉時間cycletime裝煤coalcharging搗固裝煤stampcharging推焦cokepushing焦炭熄火cokequenching干法熄焦dryquenchingofcoke焦臺cokewharf裝煤車larrycar推焦機pushingmachine攔焦機cokeguide熄焦車quenchingcar焦爐燜爐bankingforcokeoven焦炭coke冶金焦metallurgicalcoke鑄造焦foundrycoke焦炭工業分析proximateanalysisofcoke焦炭元素分析ultimateanalysisofcoke焦炭落下指數shatterindexofcoke焦炭轉鼓指數drumindexofcoke焦炭熱強度hotstrengthofcoke焦炭反應性cokereactivity焦炭反應后強度post-reactionstrengthofcoke焦炭顯微強度microstrengthofcoke焦爐煤氣cokeovengas發熱值calorificvalue煤焦油coaltar粗苯crudebenzol苯benzene甲苯toluene二甲苯xylene苯并呋喃-茚樹脂coumarone-indeneresin精萘refinednaphthalene精蒽refinedanthracene煤[焦油]瀝青coaltarpitch瀝青焦pitchcoke針狀焦needlecoke型焦formcoke耐火材料耐火材料refractorymaterials耐火粘土fireclay高嶺土kaolin硬質粘土flintclay輕質粘土softclay陶土potclay蒙脫石montmorillonite葉蠟石pyrophyllite膨潤土bentonite鱗石英tridymite方石英cristobalite砂巖sandstone耐火石firestone莫來石mullite氧化鋁alumina燒結氧化鋁sinteredalumina電熔氧化鋁fusedalumina剛玉corundum紅柱石andalusite藍晶石kyanite,cyanite硅線石sillimanite橄欖石olivine方鎂石periclase鎂砂magnesia合成鎂砂syntheticsinteredmagnesia電熔鎂砂fusedmagnesia燒結白云石砂sintereddolomiteclinker合成鎂鉻砂syntheticmagnesiachromiteclinker尖晶石spinel鎂鉻尖晶石magnesiachromespinel,magnesiochromite硅藻土diatomaceousearth,infusorialearth蛭石vermiculite珍珠巖perlite碳化硅siliconcarbide氮化硅siliconnitride氮化硼boronnitride粘土熟料chamotte熟料grog輕燒lightburning,softburning死燒deadburning,hardburning成型模注shapingmoulding機壓成型mechanicalpressing等靜壓成型isostaticpressing摩擦壓磚機frictionpress液壓壓磚機hydraulicpress搗打成型rammingprocess熔鑄成型fusioncastprocess磚坯強度greenstrength,drystrength隧道窯tunnelkiln回轉窯rotarykiln倒焰窯downdraughtkiln耐火磚refractorybrick標準型耐火磚standardsizerefractorybrick泡砂石quartzitesandstone酸性耐火材料acidrefractory[material]硅質耐火材料siliceousrefractory[material]硅磚silicabrick,dinasbrick熔融石英制品fusedquartzproduct硅酸鋁質耐火材料aluminosillicaterefractory半硅磚semisilicabrick粘土磚fireclaybrick,chamottebrick石墨粘土磚graphiteclaybrick高鋁磚highaluminabrick硅線石磚sillimanitebrick莫來石磚mullitebrick剛玉磚corundumbrick鋁鉻磚aluminachromebrick熔鑄磚fusedcastbrick堿性耐火材料basicrefractory[material]鎂質耐火材料magnesiarefractory[material]鎂磚magnesiabrick鎂鋁磚magnesiaaluminabrick鎂鉻磚magnesiachromebrick鎂炭磚magnesiacarbonbrick中性耐火材料neutralrefractory[material]復合磚compositebrick鋁炭磚aluminacarbonbrick鋁鎂炭轉aluminamagnesiabrick鋯炭磚zirconiagraphitebrick鎂鈣炭磚magnesiaclaciacarbonbrick長水口longnozzle浸入式水口immersionnozzle,submergednozzle定徑水口meteringnozzle氧化鋁-碳化硅-炭磚Al2O3-SiC-Cbrick透氣磚gaspermeablebrick,porousbrick滑動水口slidegatenozzle水口磚nozzlebrick塞頭磚stopper絕熱耐火材料insulatingrefractory輕質耐火材料lightweightrefractory袖磚sleevebrick格子磚checkerbrick,chequerbrick陶瓷纖維ceramicfiber耐火纖維refractoryfiber耐火澆注料refractorycastable耐火混凝土refractoryconcrete荷重耐火性refractorinessunderload抗渣性slaggingresistance耐磨損性abrasionresistance碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料carbonmaterials無定形碳amorphouscarbon金剛石diamond炭相[學]carbonmicrography炭黑carbonblack石油瀝青petroleumpitch石油焦炭petroleumcoke石墨化graphitization石墨化電阻爐electricresistancefurnaceforgraphitization石墨純凈化處理purificationtreatmentofgraphite炭磚carbonbrick炭塊carbonblock碳化硅基炭塊SiC-basedcarbonblock炭電極carbonelectrode連續自焙電極Soderbergelectrode石墨電極graphiteelectrode超高功率石墨電極ultra-highpowergraphiteelectrode石墨電極接頭graphiteelectrodenipple石墨電極接頭孔graphiteelectrodesocketplug電極糊electrodepaste石墨坩堝graphitecrucible石墨電阻棒graphiterodresistor炭刷carbonbrush高純石墨highpuritygraphite鐵合金鐵合金ferroalloy硅鐵ferrosilicon硅鈣calciumsilicon金屬硅siliconmetal錳鐵ferromangnanese低碳錳鐵lowcarbonferromanganese硅錳silicomanganese金屬錳manganesemetal鉻鐵ferrochromium低碳鉻鐵lowcarbonferrochromium微碳鉻鐵extralowcarbonferrochromium硅鉻silicochromium金屬鉻chromiummetal鎢鐵ferrotunsten鉬鐵ferromolybdenum鈦鐵ferrotitanium硼鐵ferroboron鈮鐵ferroniobium磷鐵ferrophosphorus鎳鐵ferronickel鋯鐵ferrozirconium硅鋯silicozirconium稀土硅鐵rareearthferrosilicon稀土鎂硅鐵rareearthferrosilicomagnesium成核劑nucleater孕育劑incubater,inoculant球化劑nodulizer蠕化劑vermiculizer中間鐵合金masteralloy復合鐵合金complexferroalloy電碳熱法electro-carbothermicprocess電硅熱法electro-silicothermicprocess鋁熱法aluminothermicprocess,thermitprocess電鋁熱法electro-aluminothermicprocess開弧爐openarcfurnace埋弧爐submergedarcfurnace半封閉爐semiclosedfurnace封閉爐closedfurnace矮煙罩電爐electricfurnacewithlowhood矮爐身電爐low-shaftelectricfurnace燒結與球團人造塊礦oreagglomerates燒結礦sinter壓塊礦briquette球團[礦]pellet針鐵礦goethite自熔性鐵礦self-fluxedironore復合鐵礦complexironore塊礦lumpore粉礦orefines礦石混勻oreblending配礦oreproportioning礦石整粒oresizegrading返礦returnfines儲礦場orestockyard礦石堆料機orestocker勻礦取料機orereclaimer熔劑flux消石灰slakedlime活性石灰quickenedlime有機粘結劑organicbinder燒結混合料sintermixture燒結鋪底料hearthlayerforsinter燒結sintering燒結熱前沿heatfrontinsintering燒結火焰前沿flamefrontinsintering渣相粘結slagbonding擴散粘結diffusionbonding帶式燒結機Dwight-Lloydsinteringmachine環式燒結機circulartravellingsinteringmachine燒結梭式布料機shuttleconveyerbelt燒結點火料sinteringignitionfurnace燒結盤sinteringpan燒結鍋sinteringpot燒結冷卻機sintercooler帶式冷卻機straight-linecooler環式冷卻機circularcooler,annularcooler生球greenpellet,ball生球長大聚合機理ballgrowthbycoalescence生球長大成層機理ballgrowthbylayering生球長大同化機理ballgrowthbyassimilation精礦成球指數ballingindexforironoreconcentrates生球轉鼓強度drumstrengthofgreenpellet生球落下強度shatterstrengthofgreenpellet生球抗壓強度compressionstrengthofgreenpellet生球爆裂溫度crackingtemperatureofgreenpellet圓筒造球機ballingdrum圓盤造球機ballingdisc豎爐陪燒球團shaftfurnaceforpelletfiring帶式機陪燒球團travelinggrateforpelletfiring鏈算機-回轉窯陪燒球團grate-kilnforpelletfiring環式機陪燒球團circulargatesforpelletfiring冷固結球團coldboundpellet維式體wustite鐵橄欖石fayalite鐵尖晶石hercynite鐵黃長石ferrogehlenite鐵酸半鈣calciumdiferrite鐵酸鈣calciumferrite鐵酸二鈣dicalciumferrite錳鐵橄欖石knebelite鈣鐵橄欖石kirschsteinite鈣鐵輝石hedenbergite鈣鐵榴石andradite鈣長石anorthite鈣鎂橄欖石monticellite鈣鈦礦perovskite硅灰石wollastonite硅酸二鈣dicalciumsilicate硅酸三鈣tricalciumsilicate鎂橄欖石forsterite鎂黃長石akermanite鎂薔薇輝石manganolite鈣鋁黃長石gehlenite鈦輝石titanaugite槍晶石cuspidine預還原球團pre-reducedpellet金屬化球團metallizedpellet轉鼓試驗drumtest,tumblertest落下試驗shattertest高爐煉鐵煉鐵ironmaking高爐煉鐵[法]blastfurnaceprocess高爐blastfurnace鼓風爐blastfurnace爐料charge,burden礦料orecharge焦料cokecharge爐料提升chargehoisting小車上料chargehoistingbyskip吊罐上料chargehoistingbybucket皮帶上料chargehoistingbybeltconveyer裝料charging裝料順序chargingsequence儲料漏斗hopper雙料鐘式裝料two-bellssystemcharging無料鐘裝料bell-lesscharging布料器distributor爐內料線stocklineinthefurnace探料尺gaugerod利用系數utilizationcoefficient冶煉強度combustionintensity鼓風blast風壓blastpressure風溫blasttemperature鼓風量blastvolume鼓風濕度blasthumidity全風量操作fullblast慢風underblowing休風delay噴吹燃料fuelinjection噴煤coalinjection噴油oilinjection富氧鼓風oxygenenrichedblast,oxygenenrichment置換比replacementratio噴射器injector熱補償thermalcompensation焦比cokeratio,cokerate燃料比fuelratio,fuelrate氧化帶oxidizingzone風口循環區raceway蒸汽鼓風humidifiedblast混合噴吹mixedinjection脫濕鼓風dehumidifiedblast爐內壓差pressuredropinfurnace煤氣分布gasdistribution煤氣利用率gasutilizationrate爐況furnacecondition順行smoothrunning焦炭負荷cokeload,oretocokeratio軟熔帶cohesivezone,softeningzone渣比slagtoironratio,slagratio上部[爐料]調節burdenconditioning下部[鼓風]調節blastconditioning高爐作業率operationrateofblastfurnace休風率delayratio高爐壽命blastfurnacecampaign懸料hanging崩料slip溝流channeling結瘤scaffolding爐缸凍結hearthfreeze-up開爐blowon停爐blowoff積鐵salamander爐型profile,furnacelines爐喉throat爐身shaft,stack爐腰belly爐腹bosh爐缸hearth爐底bottom爐腹角boshangle爐身角stackangle有效容積effectivevolume工作容積workingbolume鐵口ironnotch,slagnotch渣口cindernotch,slagnotch風口tuyere窺視孔peephole風口水套tuyerecooler渣口水套slagnotchcooler風口彎頭tuyerestock熱風圍管bustlepipe堵渣機stopper泥炮mudgun,claygun開鐵口機ironnotchdrill鐵水hotmetal鐵[水]罐ironladle魚雷車torpedocar主鐵溝sow出鐵溝castinghouse鐵溝ironrunner渣溝slagrunner渣罐cinderladle,slagladle撇渣器skimmer冷卻水箱coolingplate冷卻壁coolingstave汽化冷卻vaporizationcooling熱風爐hotblaststove燃燒室combustionchamber燃燒器burner熱風閥hotblastvalve煙道閥chimneyvalve冷風閥coldblastvalve助燃風機burnerblower切斷閥burnershut-offvalve旁通閥by-passvalve混風閥mixerselectorvalve送風期onblastofstove,onblast燃燒期ongasofstove,ongas換爐stovechanging放散閥blowoffvalve內燃式熱風爐Cowperstove外燃式燃燒爐outsidecombustionstove頂燃式熱風爐topcombustionstove爐頂放散閥bleedingvalve放散管bleeder上升管gasuptake放風閥snortingvalve均壓閥equalizingvalve高壓調節閥septumvalve爐頂高壓elevatedtoppressure鑄鐵機pig-castingmachine鑄鐵模pigmold沖天爐cupola水渣granulatingslag水渣池granulatingpit渣場slagdisposalpit高爐煤氣topgas,blastfurnacegas高爐煤氣回收topgasrecovery,TGR非焦炭煉鐵non-cokeironmaking直接還原煉鐵[法]directreductionironmaking直接還原鐵directlyreducediron,DRI豎爐直接煉鐵directreductioninshaftfurnace流態化煉鐵fluidized-bedironmaking轉底爐煉鐵rotaryhearthironmaking米德雷克斯直接煉鐵[法]MidrexprocessHYL直接煉鐵[法]HYLprocess克虜伯回轉窯煉鐵[法]Krupprotarykilniron-making熔態還原smeltingreduction鐵溶法iron-bathprocess科雷克斯法COREXprocess生鐵pigiron海綿鐵spongeiron鏡鐵spiegeliron清鐵法H-rionprocess煉鋼鋼steel煉鋼steelmaking鋼水liquidsteel,moltensteel鋼semisteel沸騰鋼rimmingsteel,rimmedsteel鎮靜鋼killedsteel半鎮靜鋼semikilledsteel壓蓋沸騰鋼cappedsteel坩堝煉鋼法cruciblesteelmaking雙聯煉鋼法duplexsteelmakingprocess連續煉鋼法continuoussteelmakingprocess直接煉鋼法directsteelmakingprocess混鐵爐hotmetalmachine裝料機chargingmachine裝料期chargingmachine加熱期heatingperiod熔化期meltingperiod造渣期slagformingperiod精煉期refiningperiod熔清meltingdown脫氧deoxidation預脫氧preliminarydexidation還原渣reducingslag酸性渣acidslag堿性渣basicslag脫碳decarburization增碳recarburization脫磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脫硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脫氮denitrogenation過氧化overoxidation出鋼tapping冶煉時間durationofheat出鋼樣tappingsample澆鑄樣castingsample不合格爐次offheat熔煉損耗meltingloss鐵損ironloss廢鋼scrap廢鋼打包balingofscrap造渣材料slagmakingmaterials添加劑additionreagent脫氧劑deoxidizer脫硫劑desulfurizer冷卻劑coolant回爐渣returnslag噴槍lance浸入式噴槍submergedlance鋼包ladle出鋼口tophole出鋼槽pouringlining爐頂furnaceroof爐襯furnacelining爐襯侵蝕liningerosion渣線slagline爐襯壽命lininglife分區砌磚zonedlining補爐fettling熱修hotrepair噴補gunning火焰噴補flamegunning轉爐converter底吹轉爐bottom-blownconverter酸性空氣底吹轉爐airbottom-blownacidconverter堿性空氣底吹轉爐airbottom-blownbasicconverter側吹轉爐side-blownconverter卡爾多轉爐Kaldoconverter氧氣煉鐵oxygensteelmaking氧氣頂吹轉爐top-blownoxygenconverter,LIconverter氧氣底吹轉爐bottom-blownoxygenconverterquietbasicoxygenfurnace,QBOF頂底復吹轉爐topandbottomcombinedblownconverter噴石灰粉頂吹氧氣轉爐法oxygenlimeprocess底吹煤氧的復合吹煉法Klockner-Maxhuttesteelmakingprocess,KMS住友復合吹煉法Sumitomotopandbottomblowingprocess,STBLBE復吹法lancebubblingequilibriumprocess,LBE頂槍噴煤粉煉鋼法Arvedlancecarboninjectionprocess,ALCI蒂森復合吹煉法ThyssenBlassenMetallurgicalprocess,TBM面吹surfaceblow軟吹softblow硬吹hardblow補吹reblow過吹overblow后吹afterblow目標碳aimcarbon終點碳endpointcarbon高拉碳操作catchcarbonpractice增碳操作recarburizationpractice單渣操作single-slagoperation雙渣操作double-slagoperation渣乳化slagemulsion二次燃燒postcombustion吹氧時間oxygenblowduration吹煉終點blowendpoint倒爐turningdown噴渣slopping噴濺spitting靜態控制staticcontrol動態控制dynamiccontrol氧槍oxygenlance氧槍噴孔nozzleofoxygenlance多孔噴槍multi-nozzlelance轉爐爐體converterbody爐帽uppercone爐口mouth,lipring裝料大面impactpad活動爐底removablebottom頂吹氧槍topblowoxygenlance副槍sublance多孔磚nozzlebrick單環縫噴嘴singleannulartuyere雙環縫噴嘴doubleannulartuyere擋渣器slagstopper擋渣塞floatingplug電磁測渣器electromagneticslagdetector廢氣控制系統offgascontrolsystem,OGCS平爐open-hearthfurnace平爐煉鋼open-hearthsteelmaking冷裝法coldchargepractice熱裝法hotchargepractice碳沸騰carbonboil石灰沸騰limeboil爐底沸騰bottomboil再沸騰reboil有效爐底面積effectiveheartharea酸性平爐acidopen-hearthfurnace堿性平爐basicopen-hearthfurnace固定式平爐stationaryopen-hearthfurnace傾動式平爐tiltingopen-hearthfurnace雙床平爐twin-hearthfurnace頂吹氧氣平爐open-hearthfurnacewithroofoxygenlance蓄熱室regenerator沉渣室slagpocket電爐煉鋼electricsteelmaking電弧爐electricarcfurnace超高功率電弧爐ultra-highpowerelectricarcfurnace直流電弧爐directcurrentelectricarcfurnace雙電極直流電弧爐doubleelectrodedirectcurrentarcfurnace豎窯式電弧爐shaftarcfurnace電阻爐electricresistancefurnace工頻感應爐linefrequencyinductionfurnace中頻感應爐mediumfrequencyinductionfurnace高頻感應爐highfrequencyinductionfurnace電渣重熔electroslagremelting,ESR電渣熔鑄electroslagcasting,ESC電渣澆注Bohlerelectroslagtapping,BEST真空電弧爐重熔vacuumarcremelting,VAR真空感應爐熔煉vacuuminductionmelting,VIM電子束爐重熔electronbeamremelting,EBR等離子爐重煉plasma-arcremelting,PAR水冷模電弧熔煉cold-moldarcmelting等離子感應爐熔煉plasmainductionmelting,PIM等離子連續鑄錠plasmaprogressivecasting,PPC等離子凝殼鑄造plasmaskullcasting,PSC能量優化煉鋼爐energyoptimizingfurnace,EOF氧燃噴嘴oxygen-fuelburner氧煤助熔acceleratedmeltingbycoal-oxygenburner氧化期oxidationperiod還原期reductionperiod長弧泡沫渣操作弧長控制longarcfoamingslagoperation白渣whiteslag電石渣carbideslag煤氧噴吹coal-oxygeninjection爐壁熱點hotspotsonthefurnacewall偏弧arcbias透氣塞porousplug出鋼到出鋼時間tap-to-taptime虹吸出鋼siphontapping偏心爐底出鋼eccentricbottomtapping,EBT中心爐底出鋼centricbottomtapping,CBT側面爐底出鋼sidebottomtapping,SBT滑動水口出鋼slidefatetapping精煉、澆鑄及缺陷鐵水預處理hotmetalpretreatment機械攪拌鐵水脫硫法KRprocesstorpedodesulfurization魚雷車鐵水脫磷torpedodephosphorization二次精煉secondaryrefining鋼包精煉ladlerefining合成渣syntheticslag微合金化microalloying成分微調trimming鋼潔凈度steelcleanness鋼包爐ladlefurnace,LF直流鋼包爐DCladlefurnace真空鋼包爐LF-vacuum真空脫氣vacuumdegassing真空電弧脫氣vacuumarcdegassing,VAD真空脫氣爐vacuumdegassingfurnace,VDF真空精煉vacuumrefining鋼流脫氣streamdegassing提升式真空脫氣法DortmundHordervacuumdegassingprocess,DH循環式真空脫氣法Ruhstahl-Hausenvacuumdegassingprocess,RH真空澆鑄vacuumcasting吹氧RH操作RH-oxygenblowing,RH-OB川崎頂吹氧RH操作RH-Kawasakitopblowing,RH-KTB噴粉RH操作RH-poowderblowing,TH-PB噴粉法powderinjectionprocess噴粉精煉injectionrefining蒂森鋼包噴粉法ThyssenNiederheinprocess,TN瑞典噴粉法ScandinavianLancerprocess,SL君津真空噴粉法vacuumKimitsuinjectionprocess密封吹氬合金成分調整法compositionadjustmentbysealedargonbubbling,CAS吹氧提溫CAS法CAS-OBprocess脈沖攪拌法pulsatingmixingprocess,PM電弧加熱電磁攪拌鋼包精煉法ASEA-SKFprocess真空吹氧脫碳法vacuumoxygendecarburizationprocess,VOD氬氧脫碳法argon-oxygendecarburizationprocess,AOD蒸汽氧精煉法Creusot-LoireUddelholmprocess,CLU無渣精煉slagfreerefining搖包法shakingladleprocess鋁彈脫氧法aluminiumbulletshooting,ABS鋼錠ingot鑄錠ingotcasting坑鑄pitcasting車鑄carcasting鋼錠模ingotmold保溫帽hottop下鑄bottomcasting上鑄topcasting補澆backpour,backfeeding澆注速度pouringspeed脫模ingotstripping發熱渣exoslag防再氧化操作reoxidationprotection連續澆注continuouscasting連鑄機continuouscaster,CC,continuouscastingmachine,CCM弧形連鑄機bow-typecontinuouscaster立彎式連鑄機vertical-bendingcaster立式連鑄機verticalcaster水平連鑄機horizontalcaster小方坯連鑄機billetcaster大方坯連鑄機bloomcaster板坯連鑄機slabcaster薄板坯連鑄機thin-slabcasting薄帶連鑄機stripcaster近終型澆鑄near-net-shapecasting單輥式連鑄機single-rollcaster單帶式連鑄機single-beltcaster雙帶式連鑄機twin-beltcaster傾斜帶式連鑄機inclinedconveyertypecaster[連鑄]流strand鑄流間距stranddistance注流對中控制streamcenteringcontrol鋼包回轉臺ladleturret中間包tundish回轉式中間包swivelingtundish傾動式中間包tiltabletundish中間包擋墻weiranddamintundish引錠桿dummybar剛性引錠桿rigiddummybar撓性引錠桿flexibledummybar結晶器mold直型結晶器straightmold弧形結晶器curvedmold組合式結晶器compositemold多級結晶器multi-stagemold調寬結晶器adjustablemold結晶器振動moldoscillation結晶器內鋼液頂面meniscus,steellevel鋼液面控制技術steellevelcontroltechnique保護渣castingpowder,moldpowder凝殼shell液芯liquidcore空氣隙airgap一次冷卻區peimarycoolingzone二次冷卻區secondarycoolingzone極限冷卻速度criticalcoolingrate澆鑄半徑castingradius滲漏bleeding拉坯速度castingspeed拉漏breakingout振動波紋oscillationmark水口堵塞nozzleclogging氣水噴霧冷卻airmistspraycooling分離環separatingring拉輥withdrawalroll立式導輥verticalguideroll彎曲輥bendingroll夾輥pinchroll矯直輥straighteningroll驅動輥drivingroll導向輥裝置rollerapron切割定尺裝置cut-to-lengthdevice鋼流保護澆注shieldedcastingpractice多點矯直multipointstraightening電磁攪拌electromagneticstirring,EMS澆注周期castingcycle多爐連澆sequencecasting事故溢流槽emergercylaunder菜花頭cauliflowertop鋼錠縮頭pipedtop表面缺陷surfacedefect內部缺陷internaldefect縮孔shrinkagecavity中心縮孔centerlineshrinkage氣孔blowhole表面氣孔surfaceblowhole皮下氣孔subskinblowhole針孔pinhole鑄疤feather冷隔coldshut煉鋼缺陷lamination發裂flake,haircrack縱裂longitudinalcrack橫裂transversecrack角部橫向裂紋transversecornercrack角部縱向裂紋longitudinalcornercrack收縮裂紋shrinkagecrack熱裂hotcrack冷裂coldcrack冷脆coldshortness熱脆hotshortness夾渣slaginclusion皮下夾雜subsurfaceinclusion正偏析positivesegregation負偏析negativesegregation,inverseseregationV形偏析∨-shapedsegregation倒V形偏析∧-shapedsegregation中心偏析centersegregation中心疏松centerporosity鼓肚bulging脫方rhomboidity連鑄-直接軋制continuouscasting-directrolling工藝CC-DR6鋼鐵材料鑄鐵castiron熟鐵wroughtiron電解鐵electrolyticiron白口鑄鐵whitecastiron灰口鑄鐵greycastiron麻口鑄鐵mottledcastiron變性鑄鐵modifiedcastiron孕育鑄鐵inoculatedcastiron冷硬鑄鐵chilledcastiron球墨鑄鐵nodularcastiron蠕墨鑄鐵vermicularcastiron可鍛鑄鐵malleablecastiron半可鍛鑄鐵semi-malleablecastiron奧氏體鑄鐵austeniticcastiron貝氏體鑄鐵bainiticcastiron共晶白口鐵eutecticwhiteiron亞共晶白口鐵hypoeutecticwhiteiron過共晶白口鐵hypereutecticwhiteiron結構鋼constructionalsteel軟鋼mildsteel普通碳素鋼plaincarbonsteel正火鋼normalizedsteel熱軋鋼hotrolledsteel高強度低合金鋼high-strengthlow-alloysteel微合金鋼micro-alloysteel冷軋鋼coldrolledsteel深沖鋼deepdrawingsteel雙相鋼dualphasesteel滲碳鋼carburizingsteel滲氮鋼nitridingsteel調質鋼quenchedandtemperedsteel超高強度鋼ultra-highstrengthsteel不銹鋼stainlesssteel奧氏體不銹鋼austeniticstainlesssteel鐵素體不銹鋼ferriticstainlesssteel馬氏體不銹鋼martensiticstainlesssteel雙相不銹鋼duplexstainlesssteel馬氏體時效鋼maragingsteel耐蝕鋼corrosion-resistingsteel耐熱鋼heat-resistingsteel彈簧鋼springsteel易切削鋼free-machiningsteel耐磨鋼abrasion-resistantsteel工具鋼toolsteel高速鋼high-speedsteel冷作模具鋼cold-workdiesteel熱作模具鋼hot-workdiesteel鋼筋鋼reinforcedbarsteel鋼軌鋼railsteel輪箍鋼typesteel管線鋼pipelinesteel鍋爐鋼boilersteel電工鋼electricalsteel7英譯漢∧-shapedsegregation倒V形偏析∨-shapedsegregationV形偏析1mass%solutionstandard質量１％溶液標準(態)abrasionresistance耐磨損性abrasion-resistantsteel耐磨鋼absorption吸附absorption吸收acceleratedmeltingbycoal-oxygenburner氧煤助熔acidopen-hearthfurnace酸性平爐acidoxide酸性氧化物acidrefractory[material]酸性耐火材料acidslag酸性渣activationenergy活化能activitycoefficient活度系數activity活度additionreagent添加劑adiabaticprocess絕熱過程adjustablemold調寬結晶器afterblow后吹agglomeration團聚aimcarbon目標碳airbottom-blownacidconverter酸性空氣底吹轉爐airbottom-blownbasicconverter堿性空氣底吹轉爐airgap空氣隙airmistspraycooling氣水噴霧冷卻akermanite鎂黃長石Al2O3-SiC-Cbrick氧化鋁-碳化硅-炭磚aluminacarbonbrick鋁炭磚aluminachromebrick鋁鉻磚aluminamagnesiabrick鋁鎂炭轉alumina氧化鋁aluminiumbulletshooting,ABS鋁彈脫氧法aluminosillicaterefractory硅酸鋁質耐火材料aluminothermicprocess,thermitprocess鋁熱法amorphouscarbon無定形碳amphoteric兩性氧化物andalusite紅柱石andradite鈣鐵榴石anion陰離子annualmineoutput礦山年產量anode陽極anorthite鈣長石apparentactivationenergy表現活化能arcbias偏弧argon-oxygendecarburizationprocess,AOD氬氧脫碳法Arrheniusequation阿倫尼烏斯方程arrivalatminefullcapacity礦山達產Arvedlancecarboninjectionprocess,ALCI頂槍噴煤粉煉鋼法asbestos石棉ASEA-SKFprocess電弧加熱電磁攪拌鋼包精煉法austeniticcastiron奧氏體鑄鐵austeniticstainlesssteel奧氏體不銹鋼backpour,backfeeding補澆bainiticcastiron貝氏體鑄鐵balingofscrap廢鋼打包ballgrowthbyassimilation生球長大同化機理ballgrowthbycoalescence生球長大聚合機理ballgrowthbylayering生球長大成層機理ballmill球磨機ballingdisc圓盤造球機ballingdrum圓筒造球機ballingindexforironoreconcentrates精礦成球指數bankingforcokeoven焦爐燜爐barite重晶石