分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語與分詞的時態、語態意義

Turningaround,anoldwomanwasseenwalkingtowardstheriver.Seenfromthehilltop,hewasdelightedtoseeawonderlandofavalley.warmup××Ⅰ分詞作狀語時的邏輯主語1、一般情況下，分詞的邏輯主語就是主句的主語。

Turningaround,anoldwomanwasseenwalkingtowardstheriver.Turningaround,wesawanoldwomanwalkingtowardstheriver.

Seenfromthehilltop,hewasdelightedtoseeawonderlandofavalley.Seenfromthehilltop,thevalleylookedlikeawonderland.Whenusingthismachine,theinstructionsmustbereadfirst.Whenusingthismachine,you(orwe)mustreadtheinstructionsfirst.×√×√

分詞所表示的動作應該是主句中主語所發出或所承受的動作。如果分詞或分詞短語所表示的動作不是主句中主語所發出或所承受的，那就是誤用。溫馨提示

Foundedin1993andemployedanABestimated25,000people,theNewOrientalGrouphasgainedareputationC

fordistinguishedquality.D乘熱打鐵×

Writinginterse,lucidstyle,thebookA

describestheauthor’schildhoodBCexperiencesinLAjustbeforetheDoutbreakoftheCivilWar.

×Ⅱ分詞的時態意義

分詞時態的意義從屬于主句謂語動詞的時態。1、若分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發生（幾乎同時發生），或表示正在發生用現在分詞的一般式。2、若分詞所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞之前，用分詞的完成式，或用過去分詞。另外，表示兩個動作同時發生，也可用when(while)+分詞結構。Thekidsdancedoutofthekindergarten,talkingandlaughing.

Arrivingatthestation,hefoundthetrainhadleft.Themanplowingthefieldinfrontofthemountainisourgrandpa.

Nothavingexertedhimself,hefailedintheexam.

Havingbeenbeatenseriously,theintrudersretreated.動作同時發生動作幾乎同時發生動作正在進行分詞動作在先分詞動作在先

Notinformedofthetimeofthemeeting,hewasabsentatit.Don’ttalkwhileeating.

Whenleaving,shewavedtoeveryoneofus.分詞動作在先同時發生同時發生Ⅲ

分詞的被動語態形式

如果分詞的邏輯主語是動作的承受者，就要用分詞的被動式。

1、一般被動式表示正在進行的動作；

2、完成被動式強調分詞所表示的動作先發生

Beingstaredatinpublic,shefeltveryembarrassed.

Havingbeenwarnedabouttyphoon,thefishmensailedforthenearestharbor.分詞動作正在進行分詞動作先完成1Manyofourdreams__impossibleinthepasthavecometrue.AwereconsideredBtobeconsideredCconsideringDconsidered2Thelostcaroftheleeswasfound__inthewoodsoffthehighway.AabandoningBbeabandonedCabandonedDtobeabandonedDC即學即練3__anotherchance,howcouldheletitslipaway?AGivingBGiveChavingbeengivenDHavinggiven4__ananswerfromthecommittee,hewasveryworriedanddecidedtoflytoWashingtonhimself.AHavingnotgotBgettingnotCNothavinggotDHavingnotbeengotCC5__inancienttimes,thebookstillappealstoreaderstoday.AThoughitwrittenBThoughwrittenCItwaswrittenDWrittenitwas6Thatthebrain,once__oxygen,dieshasbeenproved.AdeprivingofBdeprivedCbeingdeprivedDdeprivedofBD7__,themountainlookslikeanelephant.AHavingseenfromadistanceBHavingbeenseenfromadistanceCSeeingfromadistanceDSeenfromadistance8Shehadsaidlittlesofar,respondingonlybrieflywhen___AspeakingBspokentoCspokenDspeakingtoDB9___,allthequarrelscametoanend.AThelostmoneywasfoundBWasthelostmoneyfoundCBecausethelostmoneyfoundDWiththelostmoneyfound10WeweregreatlyencouragedbythenewsofChina__anotherspaceship.AtohavelaunchedBtolaunchClaunchedDhavinglaunchedDD1HavingbeenchosenthetopicsfortheirABessays,thestudentswereinstructedC

eitherapreliminaryoutlineoraroughDdraft.辨認錯誤×Havingchosen2ThroughouthistorythemosquitohasAbeennotonlyanuisancebutakiller,B

carriedsomethedeadliestdiseasesC

knowntoman.D×carrying3Nevertohavebeenveryfondofcards,IABmadesomeexcuseandwentoutforaCDwalkinthegarden.×Neverhavingbeen

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