會計學1unitthemillionpoundbanknote語法名詞性從句Joke1

Beautywasaveryprettygirl.Quitealotofyoungmenwantedtomarryher.Oneday,oneoftheyoungmencametovisitherandaskedhertobecomehiswife.Sheanswered,"No,John,Iwon'tmarryyou.Iwanttomarryamanwhoisfamous,whocanplaymusic,singanddanceverywell,whocantellinterestingstories,whodoesnotsmokeordrink,whostaysathomeintheeveningsandwhostopstalkingwhenI'mtiredoflistening."Theyoungmangotup,tookhiscoatandwenttothedoor,butbeforeheleftthehouse,heturnedandsaidtoBertha,"Itisn'tamanyou'relookingfor.____________________”Joke2Onagirl’swayhomeafterwatchingaballetperformance,thekindergartenteacheraskedherstudentswhattheythoughtofit.Thesmallestgirlintheclasssaid:”If

oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.”Joke3Ateacheraskedaskedoneofhisstudents:"Whatisthelongestandwhatistheshortest?"Thestudentansweredimmediately

,whilethelastseveralminutesofanexamistheshortest.Joke4

Aguyhadstayedsadlyinabarformorethanhalfanhour.Then,atruckdriversteppedupnexttohim,tookthedrinkfromtheguy,anddrankitalldown.Thepoormanstartedcrying.Thetruckdriversaid,"Comeonman,Iwasjustjoking.Here,I'llbuyyouanotherdrink.Ijustcan'tseeamancrying.""No,it'snotthat.Thisdayistheworstofmylife.First,Iwaslategettingtomyoffice.Mybosswasprettyangry,andfiredme.WhenIleftthebuildingtogotomycar,Ifoundoutitwasstolen.Thepolicesaytheycandonothing.WhenIgothome,Ifoundmywifeinbedwiththegardener.Ilefthomeandcametothisbar.AndjustwhenIwasthinkingaboutputtinganendtomylife,

."

A.thatthelastseveralminutesofaclassisthelongestB.theworstisthatyoushowupanddrinkmypoison

C.mywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrue

D.whatyouwantisatelevisionset

Warming-up:Enjoyfourpiecesofjokeandchoosethesuitablesentencetocompletethejoke.第1頁/共71頁原來那個女孩想嫁的是個電視機！playmusic,

singanddanceverywell,whocantellinterestingstories,whodoesnotsmokeordrink,whostaysathomeintheeveningsandwhostopstalkingwhenI'mtiredoflistening."Theyoungmangotup,tookhiscoatandwenttothedoor,butbeforeheleftthehouse,heturnedandsaidtoBetty,"Itisn'tamanyou'relookingfor.__________________________________.Joke1

Bettywasaveryprettygirl.Quitealotofyoungmenwantedtomarryher.

Oneday,oneoftheyoungmencametovisitherandaskedhertobecomehiswife.Sheanswered,"No,John,Iwon'tmarryyou.Iwanttomarryamanwhoisfamous,whocanD.Whatyouwantisatelevisionset第2頁/共71頁Joke2

Ateacheraskedoneofhisstudents:"Whatisthelongestandwhatistheshortest?"Thestudentansweredimmediately__________________________________________________________whilethelastseveralminutesofanexamistheshortest.A.thatthelastseveralminutesofaclassisthelongestDoyouagree?第3頁/共71頁Joke3

Aguyhadstayedsadlyinabarformorethanhalfanhour.Then,atruckdriversteppedupnexttohim,tookthedrinkfromtheguy,anddrankitalldown.Poison

Thepoormanstartedcrying.Thetruckdriversaid,"Comeonman,Iwasjustjoking.Here,I'llbuyyouanotherdrink.Ijustcan'tseeamancrying.""No,it'snotthat.Thisdayistheworstofmylife.First,Iwaslategettingtomyoffice.Mybosswasprettyangry,andfiredme.WhenIleftthebuildingtogotomycar,Ifoundoutitwasstolen.Thepolicesaytheycandonothing.WhenIgothome,Ifoundmywifeinbedwiththegardener.Ilefthomeandcametothisbar.AndjustwhenIwasthinkingaboutputtinganendtomylife,______________________________________________________________________."

B.theworstisthatyouturnupanddrinkmypoison第4頁/共71頁長高點，就不用踮著腳跳舞了Joke4

Onagirl’swayhomeafterwatchingaballet(芭蕾舞）

performance,thekindergartenteacheraskedherstudentswhattheythoughtofit.Thesmallestgirlintheclasssaid:“If_____________________________________________________oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.”C.mywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrue第5頁/共71頁Joke1:Whatyouwantisatelevisionset.

Joke2:

Thestudentansweredimmediatelythatthelastseveralminutesofaclassisthelongest

whilethelastseveralminutesofanexamistheshortest.Joke3:AndjustwhenIwasthinkingaboutputtinganendtomylife,theworstisthatyoushowupanddrinkmypoison.

Joke4:Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrue

oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.Whatkindofclausearethey?第6頁/共71頁Joke1:Whatyouwantisatelevisionset.

Joke2:

Thestudentansweredimmediatelythatthelastseveralminutesofaclassisthelongest

whilethelastseveralminutesofanexamistheshortest.Joke3:AndjustwhenIwasthinkingaboutputtinganendtomylife,theworstisthatyoushowupanddrinkmypoison.

Joke4:Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrueoneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.Whatkindofclausearethey?主語從句表語從句同位語從句賓語從句Nounclause第7頁/共71頁NounClauses(名詞性從句)SubjectClause(主語從句)AppositiveClause（同位語從句）ObjectClause（賓語從句）PredicativeClause（表語從句）第8頁/共71頁Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語從句賓語從句表語從句

名詞性從句的作用相當于名詞，因此主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。同位語從句第9頁/共71頁ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引導名詞性從句的關聯詞):從屬連詞(不作成分）連接代詞（作成分）連接副詞（作狀語）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,if,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why第10頁/共71頁1.主語從句

主語從句就是從句在主句中作主語的名詞性從句。1)Thatshelefthim

hurtshimsomuch.

2)Whetheritwillpleasethem

isnoteasytosay.3)

Whatweneedismorepractice.4)Whenwewillbeginthemeeting

isunderdiscussion.*that—只起引導作用，不充當成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不確定的事情(不能用If）*what在從句中作主語*When在從句中作狀語第11頁/共71頁*______________________________(他是否要來)isnotyetknown.*_____________________________(他想告訴我們什么)isnotclear.*___________________________(誰會贏得這場比賽)isstillunknown.*_______________________________(你錯過了這次機會)isapity.=Itis___________________________________.Exercise1:WhetherhewillcomeornotWhathewantstotellusWhowillwinthematchThat

youmissedthechanceapitythat

youmissedthechance第12頁/共71頁

注意:

由that引導的主語從句有時為了使句子結構平衡,避免“頭重腳輕”,常用it

作形式主語,而把從句放在后面。例如:

1.That

hewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it為形式主語Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.第13頁/共71頁這樣就構成了下面一些常用句型:

1)Itis+n.+從句

Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…

Itisafactthat……是事實

Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識*_______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.*______________(這是事實)hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat第14頁/共71頁2)Itis+adj.+從句

It’scertainthat…肯定…

Itispossiblethat...很可能……

Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明顯…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat第15頁/共71頁3)It+不及物動詞+從句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(剛好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat第16頁/共71頁4)It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...據說……

Itisknowntoallthat...眾所周知……

Itisreportedthat...據報道……

Itisbelievedthat...據信……;人們相信……

Itissuggested/advised/ordered/requiredthat+(should）do...建議……(虛擬語氣）Itmustbeadmittedthat…必須承認……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否認……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……

*___________________(據報道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat第17頁/共71頁賓語從句Wecanlearnwhatwedonotknow.HewilltalktousaboutwhathesawintheU.S.A.Idon’tknowwherewewillholdthemeeting.(語序)第18頁/共71頁1.Idecided（that）Iwouldgototheparty.2.Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcomebacktomorrow.3.Iwanttoknowhowithappened.4.Hewaslisteningto

whattheteachersaid.

賓語從句就是從句在主句中作賓語的名詞性從句,通常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞之后（that常省）2.賓語從句第19頁/共71頁1._______________(我聽說)hejoinedthearmy.2.___________________(我懷疑)hewillsucceed.3.Payattentionto_____________________(醫生說些什么).4.Doyouknow__________________(他什么時候會來)?5.Didshesay___________________________(我們應該怎么做這個工作)?Exercise2:Iheard

(that)Idoubt

whether/ifwhat

thedoctorsaidwhen

hewillcomehow

weshoulddothework第20頁/共71頁Fillintheblankswithsuitableconjunctions.1.---Canyoutellme_____themanis?---Heismybrother.2.Ididn'tknow_____hewascominguntilyesterday.3.Thedoctorasks____medicineyouhavetaken.4.Thisis_____theysolvedtheproblemsinthecity.whowhenwhathow第21頁/共71頁5.Whatfrightenedusmostwas_____twolightssuddenlyappearedoutofthedarkness.6.Mymotherasked____thematterwaswithme.7.ThereasonIdidn'tcometothemeetingwas____Igotill.whatthatthat第22頁/共71頁Wethoughtit

strange

thatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeit

clear

thathewillnotgivein.注意：

it常可以放在動詞think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語,真正的賓語-that從句則放在句尾:think,find,consider,believe,feel,make+it+adj/n+that-clause/todosth*________________________(我們覺得很奇怪)shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.Wethinkit

strange

that第23頁/共71頁TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglishusingnounclauses.1.這是我們所想要的東西。

Thisiswhatwewant.

2.我認為你是對的。

Ithinkyouareright.3.我想知道他是否能幫助我。

I’dliketoknowwhetherhecanhelpmeornot.第24頁/共71頁4.天氣不是昨天那樣了。

Theweatherisnotwhatitwasyesterday.5.問題是我們怎么能完成任務。

Theproblemishowwecanfinishthetask.第25頁/共71頁表語從句

在句子中作表語，在系動詞之后Thequestioniswhetherwecancompletethedifficulttask.Thefactisthatwewillhavetwodaysoff.第26頁/共71頁常見的系動詞分為三種：A．表示特征和狀態：

be,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear等

B．表示由一類狀態轉為另一類狀態：

get,become,grow,turn,fall,go,come等C．表示某種狀態的：

remain,keep,prove,stay等第27頁/共71頁1.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.

2.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.3.Thatiswhathehasdone.4.Theproblemremainshowyoucangetsomefinancialsupport.表語從句：第28頁/共71頁1.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_____hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.2.Thequestionis_______________________________(我們是否能做好準備）insuchashorttime.3.WhatIwanttoknowis__________________________(我該買哪部詞典）.4.Thepointis__________________（你什么時候可以完成）whetherwecanmakegoodwhenyoucanfinishit.thatwhichdictionaryIpreparationshouldbuy第29頁/共71頁找出各句中的從句并指出是何種從句。1.Idon'tknowifIcandoit.2.Whatheisdoingseemsverydifficult.3.Theimportantthingishowwecanimproveourstudies.4.MrLialwaysthinksofhowhecandomoreforthepeople.5.Thenewsthatshewaspretendingtobesickwaswhisperedfromonetoanother.第30頁/共71頁6.That'swhatyouaregoingtodofirst.7.It'llbedecidedattheclassmeetingwhoistobethemonitorofourclass.8.Whenthesportsmeetistobeheldisstillunderdiscussion.9.Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid.10.HegavemethenewsthatsomeAmericanswillvisitourschooltomorrow.第31頁/共71頁

4.同位語從句

同位語從句就是從句在句中作同位語的名詞性從句，是對與其同位的名詞作進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內容.

大多數同位語從句由從屬連詞that

(whether,how,when,where,why)引導（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名詞后,fact/news/idea/reason/hope/belief/truth/dream/problem/advice/suggestion/thought/order/doubt/answer/reply…第32頁/共71頁1.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion

thatallmatterconsistsofatoms.2.WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome.3.Heoftenasksmethisquestion

whenTomwillcomebackfromAmerican.Appositiveclause同位語從句:第33頁/共71頁1.Theidea______computerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2.Thepossibility______themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.3.Ihavenoidea________________(他去了哪里）4.Theyarethinkingaboutthequestion___________________(怎么能夠贏得)thecompetition.5.Pleasetellusthetruth__________________(誰為我們做的）.thatthathowtheywhodidthatforuswherehehasgoneExercise4:couldwin第34頁/共71頁1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

*(同位語從句,補充說明news到底是一個什么消息，that雖不作成分,但不能省略)2.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

*(定語從句,起修飾作用，說明到底是哪一個消息，that在從句中作told的賓語,可以省略)

注意：同位語從句與定語從句區別第35頁/共71頁

判斷:定語從句or同位語從句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定語從句)(同位語從句)(同位語從句)(定語從句)(定語從句)第36頁/共71頁注意1：that/what的辨用1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacheris

saying.4.Hetoldus______hefeltill.5.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

6.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

7.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.8.Thefact______sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

WhatThatwhatwhatwhatthat（that）thatRules1.that在名詞性從句中不充當任何成分，只起連接作用2.what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。第37頁/共71頁注意2：whether與if的辨用1.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.2.Itremainsaproblemwhether/ifitistrue.3.Heaskedwhether/ifMarywouldattendtheceremony.4.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.6.Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisimportant.7.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.8.Idon’tknowwhether/ifitisrightornot.Rules1.在由形式主語it引導的主語從句及在vt動詞后面的賓語從句中，表“是否”，whether/if都可以用；2.在前置主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句和跟在介詞后面的賓語從句中，表“是否”，只能用whether；3.在whether…ornot

和whethertodo

中whether不能換成if第38頁/共71頁Practicetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.3.___________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.4.Ithasn'tbeendecided____________weshallattendthemeeting.5.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togoortostayathome.

whether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if第39頁/共71頁

Pickuponenumberandfinishthetaskinit,thenyoucangetsomepoints.GameTime!123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930第40頁/共71頁1.Thesuggestion(that)shehasputforwardisverygood.

2.Thesuggestionthatwecleantheclassroombyturnsisverygood.判斷：名詞性從句\定語從句名詞性從句定語從句10第41頁/共71頁1.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Thatis_____Ihadafewdaysoff.--Theprojectwasturndown.---Isthat________welackmoney?3.Tomdidn’tgotoschooltoday.Thereasonwas______hefellill.用that\why\because填空thatwhybecause20第42頁/共71頁ThenewsthatLiuXiangwonthe110hurdlesBroughtChinesegreathappiness.News,broughtChinesegreathappiness.LiuXiangthe110hurdlesMakeasentence30第43頁/共71頁1.Idoubt____________hecanspeakEnglish.2.Idon’tdoubt____________hecanspeakEnglish.whether/ifthat10第44頁/共71頁Correctornot?*Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.…………….beheldhasn’tbeenknownyet.×Payattention:主語從句的謂語用單數形式

10第45頁/共71頁判斷：名詞性從句\定語從句1.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.2.ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.名詞性從句定語從句10第46頁/共71頁

thecatdomade

Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.WhatcryMakeasentence30第47頁/共71頁1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet.2.Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.JointwosentencesintoonenounclauseThefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.20第48頁/共71頁1.Thequestionis________thefilmisworthseeing.2.________weshallattendthemeetinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.用whether\if填空whetherWhether10第49頁/共71頁Translatethesentence*_______________________________(他們很需要幫助)isquiteclear.Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelp20第50頁/共71頁don’tkonwwhatdowheregoThemandoesn’tknowwhereheshouldgoandwhatheshoulddo.Makeasentence30第51頁/共71頁1.DotheyspeakEnglish?2.Wewanttoknow…JointwosentencesintoonenounclauseWewanttoknowif/whethertheycanspeakEnglish.20第52頁/共71頁

×Correctornot?Payattention:在此賓語從句中，it

充當形式賓語，真正的賓語為that從句Ithinkitworthwhilethat………………..*Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.10第53頁/共71頁1.Thenews_______wewonthecompetitionisveryencouraging.2.Ihavenoidea______hashappenedtohim.用that\what填空whatthat10第54頁/共71頁*Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.×Payattention:名詞性從句的語序用陳述語序

Correctornot?………whenhewillgotothelibrary.10第55頁/共71頁用that和what填空Hisfatherissatisfiedwith_____hehasdone.Thereasonwas______Todhadneverseenthemillionpoundbank-note.whatthat10第56頁/共71頁talkabouttheuseofcellphone

Whattheyaretalkingabout

istheuseofcellphone.Makeasentence30第57頁/共71頁*

Ifwewillhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.×Correctornot?Whetherwewill………….decidedyet.Payattention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if10第58頁/共71頁1.Theproblemhasbeensolved.2.Whyweresomanyareasfloodeddu