Unit1:Culture1ppt課件Unit1:Culture1ppt課件TeachingObjectives1.Tounderstandthedefinitionsofculture.2.Toknowaboutthemetaphorsofculture.3.Tolearnaboutthecharacteristicsofculture.2ppt課件TeachingObjectives1.Tounders3ppt課件3ppt課件4ppt課件4ppt課件5ppt課件5ppt課件Warm–upQuestions1.HowdidChineseandAmericanperceiveParents’beatingtheirownchilddifferently?ToshowrespecttotheotherorgivethefacetotheotherIllegalasthechildabuse6ppt課件Warm–upQuestions1.Howdid2.WhatisagoodfriendinChineseandAmericanculture?BeloyaltoeachotherandneverbetrayeventolieBehonestandconstructiveandhelpful7ppt課件2.WhatisagoodfriendinCh3.HowdidSunwukonginAJourneytotheWestrepresentthetraditionalChinesevaluesandethics?Warmhearted,compassionate,perseverantBad-tempered,violent8ppt課件3.HowdidSunwukonginAJourDefinitionofCultureCultureisubiquitous,multi-dimensionalandall-pervasive,aswehaveitalmostanywhereandanytime.Sowhatisculture?Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan164definitionsofculture.Wearetryingtoexaminethethreeingredientsofculturetoreachanconsensus(pg.5-6).9ppt課件DefinitionofCultureCultureiThreeIngredientsartifactsbehaviorconcepts(beliefs,values,worldviews…)e.g.Whereasthemoneyisconsideredanartifact,theactualspendingandsavingofthemoneyisbehavior.Thenthevalueplacedonitisaconcept.10ppt課件ThreeIngredientsartifacts10ppFromAnthropologicPerspective

Cultureis"thecivilizationsandachievementsofaparticulartimeorpeople."Thisisananthropologist'sdefinition.11ppt課件FromAnthropologicPerspectiveFromIntellectualPerspectiveAccordingtotheConciseOxfordDictionary,cultureis"theartsandothermanifestationsofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively".Itreferstointellectualperspective,suchasmusic,art,exhibition,dance,etc.WhenyoutalkaboutPicasso,Beethoven,etc.,youaretalkingaboutculture.12ppt課件FromIntellectualPerspectiveAFromPsychologicalPerspectiveCultureisanobservablepatternofbehaviorwhichdistinguishesthemembersofonecategoryofpeoplefromanother.13ppt課件FromPsychologicalPerspectiveFromInterculturalCommunicationPerspectiveCultureisalearnedsetofsharedinterpretationsaboutbeliefs,values,andnorms,whichaffectthebehaviorofarelativelylargegroupofpeople.14ppt課件FromInterculturalCommunicatiSummaryCultureinvolvesatleastthreecomponents:thematerialandspiritualproductspeopleproducewhattheydowhattheythink15ppt課件SummaryCultureinvolvesatleaMetaphorsforCultureByexaminingthemetaphorsforculture,wearegoingtofigureouttheprominentcharacteristicsofculture.TheCulturalIcebergTheCultureOnion16ppt課件MetaphorsforCultureByexaminTheaspectsofculturethatareexplicit,visible,taught.Theaspectsofculturethatareintangibleandnottaughtdirectly.17ppt課件TheaspectsofculturethatarJustasanicebergwhichhasavisiblesectionabovethewaterlineandalargerinvisiblesectionbelowthewaterline,culturehassomeaspectsthatareobservableandothersthatcanonlybesuspectedandimagined.Alsolikeaniceberg,thepartofculturethatisvisibleisonlyasmallpartofamuchbiggerwhole.Itissaidnine-tenthofcultureisbelowthesurface.(pg.7)18ppt課件JustasanicebergwhichhasaMongoliansareveryseriousandcomposedintheirexpressions.Inthecity,thisisbeginningtochangeslightly.You’llseeanumberofmystudentssmiling.Butthisisnottraditional.WhenIfirstcamehere,myfriendsaskedmewhyAmericanssmilesomuch.TheyfeltthatAmericanasmileevenatpeopletheydon’tlikeandthatquiteinsincere.LisaBuchwalder19ppt課件MongoliansareveryseriousanKimono;Saki;TatamitheBeatlesGreetingsWorktoliveLivetowork20ppt課件Kimono;Saki;TatamiGreetingsWCultureintheouterlayer:Aparticularsymbol

ischosengivesagoodideaofthecultureofthatinstance.Heroesarechosenasexamplesforpeopleinaparticulargroup.

Cultureinthemiddlelayer:Thethingsoneissupposedtodoincertainsituationsoratcertainmomentsoftheday,theweekortheyear.Cultureintheinnernucleuslayer:Atthecentreoftheonionliethevalues,thereasonswhywedo.Thesevaluesarethecoreoftheculture,butmoredifficulttoobserveandtoknow,eveninone’sownculture.Culturecanbeimaginedasanonion,consistingofmultiplelayers.

21ppt課件Cultureintheouterlayer:CuCharacteristicsofCultureCultureisshared.Allcommunicationstakeplacebymeansofsymbols.22ppt課件CharacteristicsofCultureCultWhycanthepictureonthemoneyprovethemanistheSultanofBrunei?Whydoestheimageonmoneyusuallysymbolize?23ppt課件WhycanthepictureonthemonCultureislearned.Cultureislearned,notinherited.Itderivesfromone’ssocialenvironment,notfromone’sgenes.Enculturation(文化習(xí)得):alltheactivitiesoflearningone’sculturearecalledenculturation.24ppt課件Cultureislearned.24ppt課件AnAmericanboywasbornintheunitedStates,butgrewupinChina,ashisparentsweredoingbusinessinChina.HefinishedhisprimaryschoolandjuniorschoolinChina.AtschoolhestudiedandplayedwithhisChineseclassmatesandspokemandarin.ButhespokeEnglishwithhisparentsathome.WhattroubledhisparentsmostwasthathisthinkingandbehaviorswerejustidenticaltoaChineseboy’s,whichoftenmadehiscommunicationwithhisparentsdifficult.25ppt課件AnAmericanboywasborninthCultureisdynamic.(pg.6)Cultureissubjecttochange.It’sdynamicratherthanstatic,constantlychangingandevolvingundertheimpactofeventsandthroughcontactwithothercultures.Acculturation(文化適應(yīng)):theprocesswhichadoptsthechangesbroughtaboutbyanothercultureanddevelopsanincreasedsimilaritybetweenthetwocultures.26ppt課件Cultureisdynamic.(pg.6)26pCultureisethnocentric(文化中心主義).Ethnocentricisthebeliefthatyourownculturalbackgroundissuperior.InferiorcomplexandforeignthingsworshippingmentalityTheforeignmoonisrounder.MissAmerican’sdream27ppt課件Cultureisethnocentric(文化中心主義EthnocentrismWhydoesthefactofcallingAsiatheeastactuallymanifesttheEurocentricethnocentrism?Howdowedealwithethnocentrism?28ppt課件Ethnocentrism28ppt課件Unit1:Culture29ppt課件Unit1:Culture1ppt課件TeachingObjectives1.Tounderstandthedefinitionsofculture.2.Toknowaboutthemetaphorsofculture.3.Tolearnaboutthecharacteristicsofculture.30ppt課件TeachingObjectives1.Tounders31ppt課件3ppt課件32ppt課件4ppt課件33ppt課件5ppt課件Warm–upQuestions1.HowdidChineseandAmericanperceiveParents’beatingtheirownchilddifferently?ToshowrespecttotheotherorgivethefacetotheotherIllegalasthechildabuse34ppt課件Warm–upQuestions1.Howdid2.WhatisagoodfriendinChineseandAmericanculture?BeloyaltoeachotherandneverbetrayeventolieBehonestandconstructiveandhelpful35ppt課件2.WhatisagoodfriendinCh3.HowdidSunwukonginAJourneytotheWestrepresentthetraditionalChinesevaluesandethics?Warmhearted,compassionate,perseverantBad-tempered,violent36ppt課件3.HowdidSunwukonginAJourDefinitionofCultureCultureisubiquitous,multi-dimensionalandall-pervasive,aswehaveitalmostanywhereandanytime.Sowhatisculture?Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan164definitionsofculture.Wearetryingtoexaminethethreeingredientsofculturetoreachanconsensus(pg.5-6).37ppt課件DefinitionofCultureCultureiThreeIngredientsartifactsbehaviorconcepts(beliefs,values,worldviews…)e.g.Whereasthemoneyisconsideredanartifact,theactualspendingandsavingofthemoneyisbehavior.Thenthevalueplacedonitisaconcept.38ppt課件ThreeIngredientsartifacts10ppFromAnthropologicPerspective

Cultureis"thecivilizationsandachievementsofaparticulartimeorpeople."Thisisananthropologist'sdefinition.39ppt課件FromAnthropologicPerspectiveFromIntellectualPerspectiveAccordingtotheConciseOxfordDictionary,cultureis"theartsandothermanifestationsofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively".Itreferstointellectualperspective,suchasmusic,art,exhibition,dance,etc.WhenyoutalkaboutPicasso,Beethoven,etc.,youaretalkingaboutculture.40ppt課件FromIntellectualPerspectiveAFromPsychologicalPerspectiveCultureisanobservablepatternofbehaviorwhichdistinguishesthemembersofonecategoryofpeoplefromanother.41ppt課件FromPsychologicalPerspectiveFromInterculturalCommunicationPerspectiveCultureisalearnedsetofsharedinterpretationsaboutbeliefs,values,andnorms,whichaffectthebehaviorofarelativelylargegroupofpeople.42ppt課件FromInterculturalCommunicatiSummaryCultureinvolvesatleastthreecomponents:thematerialandspiritualproductspeopleproducewhattheydowhattheythink43ppt課件SummaryCultureinvolvesatleaMetaphorsforCultureByexaminingthemetaphorsforculture,wearegoingtofigureouttheprominentcharacteristicsofculture.TheCulturalIcebergTheCultureOnion44ppt課件MetaphorsforCultureByexaminTheaspectsofculturethatareexplicit,visible,taught.Theaspectsofculturethatareintangibleandnottaughtdirectly.45ppt課件TheaspectsofculturethatarJustasanicebergwhichhasavisiblesectionabovethewaterlineandalargerinvisiblesectionbelowthewaterline,culturehassomeaspectsthatareobservableandothersthatcanonlybesuspectedandimagined.Alsolikeaniceberg,thepartofculturethatisvisibleisonlyasmallpartofamuchbiggerwhole.Itissaidnine-tenthofcultureisbelowthesurface.(pg.7)46ppt課件JustasanicebergwhichhasaMongoliansareveryseriousandcomposedintheirexpressions.Inthecity,thisisbeginningtochangeslightly.You’llseeanumberofmystudentssmiling.Butthisisnottraditional.WhenIfirstcamehere,myfriendsaskedmewhyAmericanssmilesomuch.TheyfeltthatAmericanasmileevenatpeopletheydon’tlikeandthatquiteinsincere.LisaBuchwalder47ppt課件MongoliansareveryseriousanKimono;Saki;TatamitheBeatlesGreetingsWorktoliveLivetowork48ppt課件Kimono;Saki;TatamiGreetingsWCultureintheouterlayer:Aparticularsymbol

ischosengivesagoodideaofthecultureofthatinstance.Heroesarechosenasexamplesforpeopleinaparticulargroup.

Cultureinthemiddlelayer:Thethingsoneissupposedtodoincertainsituationsoratcertainmomentsoftheday,theweekortheyear.Cultureintheinnernucleuslayer:Atthecentreoftheonionliethevalues,thereasonswhywedo.Thesevaluesarethecoreoftheculture,butmoredifficulttoobserveandtoknow,eveninone’sownculture.Culturecanbeimaginedasanonion,consistingofmultiplelayers.

49ppt課件Cultureintheouterlayer:CuCharacteristicsofCultureCultureisshared.Allcommunicationstakeplacebymeansofsymbols.50ppt課件CharacteristicsofCultureCultWhycanthepictureonthemoneyprovethemanistheSultanofBrunei?Whydoestheimageonmoneyusuallysymbolize?51ppt課件WhycanthepictureonthemonCultureislearned.Cultureislearned,notinherited.Itderivesfromone’ssocialenvironment,notfromone’sgenes.Enculturation(文化習(xí)得):alltheactivitiesoflearningone’sculturearecalledenculturation.52ppt課件Cultureislearned.24ppt課件AnAmericanboywas