PAGEUNIT1FestivalsandCelebrationsA組·基礎鞏固Ⅰ.語法填空ATheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantofthetraditionalChinesefestivals.Itisoften1.________(call)“LunarNewYear”，because—aspartofthelunisolar(陰陽的)Chinesecalendar—thedateispartiallydeterminedbasedonthelunarphase(月亮或行星的相位).Thefestivaltraditionally2.________(begin)onthefirstdayofthefirstmonthintheChinesecalendarandendswiththeLanternFestival3.________isonthe15thday.ChineseNewYear'sEve,adaywhenChinesefamiliesgatherfortheirannualreuniondinner,isknownaschuxi.Itliterallymeans“Year-passEve”.Accordingto4.________(tale)andlegends,thebeginningofChineseNewYearstartedwiththefightagainst5.________mythical(神話的)beastcalledNian(年獸).NianwouldcomeonthefirstdayofNewYeartodevour(吞食)livestock(牲畜),crops,andevenvillagers,6.________(especial)children.Toprotect7.________，thevillagerswouldputfoodinfrontoftheirdoorsatthebeginningofeveryyear.ItwasbelievedthatafterNian8.________(eat)thefoodtheyprepared,itwouldn'tattackpeopleanymore.Onetime,peoplesawthatNianwasscaredawaybyalittlechildwearingred.ThevillagersthenunderstoodthatNianwasafraid9.________thecolourred.Hence,everytimeNewYearwasabouttocome,thevillagerswouldhangredlanternsandredspringscrollsonwindowsanddoors.Peoplealsousedfireworks10.________(frighten)awayNian.Fromthenon,Niannevercametothevillageagain.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國新年的來歷。1.called考查語態。春節常被叫作“農歷新年”，此處主語It與動詞call之間為被動關系，故填called。2.begins考查時態。傳統上來講，春節開始于農歷第一個月的第一天。此處是對客觀事實的描述，故用一般現在時。3.which/that考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導定語從句且在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞theLanternFestival，故填which/that。4.tales考查名詞復數。tale為可數名詞，前無限定詞，且根據空后的legends可知，此處應用tale的復數形式與legends構成并列關系。5.a考查冠詞。空處表示泛指，且mythical以輔音音素開頭，所以用不定冠詞a。6.especially考查副詞。根據語境可知此處用副詞作狀語，表示“尤其”。7.themselves考查代詞。為了保護自己，村民們每年年初都會把食物放在家門口。根據語境可知此處應用反身代詞themselves。8.ate考查時態。根據語境及主句的時態可知，此處用一般過去時。9.of考查介詞。村民們后來明白了，年獸害怕紅色。beafraidof...“害怕……”，為固定搭配。10.tofrighten考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式表示目的。B(2020·山東濟寧模擬)PekingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatrethat1.________(appear)inBeijinginthelate18thcentury.2.________(combine)music,song,danceandacrobatics(雜技動作)inalivelyandcolourfuldisplay,itisa3.________(relative)newstyleofdrama,comparedtoothertypesofChinesetheatre.IntheearlyyearsofPekingOpera,alltheactorsweremen,4.________therolesofwomenplayedbyyoungboys.Thestoriesfellintotwomain5.________(category)—wen,orciviltheatre,whichfocusedonlove,marriageandothercivilianconcerns,andwu,ormilitarytheatre,whichfocusedonthethemeofwarandwasknownforfeaturingthrillingstageactions.Inthefirsthalfofthe6.________(twenty)century,themostfamousactorofPekingOperawasMeiLanfang,7.________playedakeyroleinpopularisingPekingOperaandintroducingChinesetheatretotheWest.Additionally,Meialsotooktheboldstepintakingonfemalestudents,whichwas8.________highlyriskyandunconventionalstepatthetime.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,PekingOperaperformances,whichdealtwithcontemporaryandrevolutionarythemes,wereencouraged.Despite9.________(it)upsanddowns,PekingOperawasrevived(復興)inthe1980sandcontinuesto10.________(perform)today.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了京劇的發展。1.appeared考查時態。根據時間狀語“inthelate18thcentury”可知，此處陳述發生在過去的事情，應用一般過去時。2.Combining考查非謂語動詞。combine的邏輯主語為it，兩者之間為主動關系，故用現在分詞作狀語。3.relatively考查副詞。應用副詞修飾形容詞new，故填relatively。4.with考查介詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為with復合結構?？疾榈慕Y構形式為“with＋名詞＋過去分詞”，在句中作狀語。5.categories考查名詞的單復數。根據空前的“twomain”可知，此處應填所給名詞的復數形式categories。6.twentieth考查序數詞。根據語境和空前的“the”可知，此處應用序數詞。故填twentieth。7.who考查定語從句。此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為MeiLanfang，指人，故用who。8.a考查冠詞。此處表泛指，且highly以輔音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞a。9.its考查代詞。despite為介詞，upsanddowns意為“興衰，浮沉”，為名詞短語，故此處應用形容詞性物主代詞its。10.beperformed考查語態。perform與PekingOpera之間是動賓關系，應用被動語態，且空處位于不定式符號to之后，故填beperformed。Ⅱ.根據提示補全句子1.隨著高考的臨近，我們壓力很大。①With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching,weareundergreatstress.(with;approach)②As_the_College_Entrance_Examination_draws_near,weareundergreatstress.(as;draw)2.這個故事的寓意是：不遺余力地獲取知識，不管情況多么困難都不要輕易氣餒。(nomatterhow/however)Themoralofthestoryis:sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandnevergetdiscouragedeasilyhowever/no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.3.我的愛好廣泛，包括讀書、寫日記、與朋友一起打球等等。(range)Ihavea_wide_range_ofhobbies,includingreading,keepingdiaries,playingballswithfriendsandsoon.4.如果你想提高你的英語口語水平，你應該充分利用每一個可能的機會練習講英語。(takeadvantageof)IfyouwanttoimproveyouroralEnglish,youshouldtake_full_advantage_ofeverypossiblechancetopractisespeakingit.5.網絡是一個很好的發現，我認為它對人們的生活很有意義。(significant)TheInternetisawonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkis_very_significant_topeople'slives.B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解AChineseFestivalsAsanancientcountry,Chinahasvariousfestivals.TheSpringFestivalOntheeveningbeforetheSpringFestival,thefamilygettogethertohaveabigmeal.Dumplingsarethemosttraditionalfood.Besidesdeliciousfoodandnewclothes,childrenalsogetluckymoneyfromtheirparents.PeoplealsoputChineseNewYearscrolls(春聯)onthewallforgoodfortune.TheLantern(燈籠)FestivalDuringthisfestival,thereisspecialfoodcalled“tangyuan”，whichissaidtosymboliseboththefirstfullmoonandfamilycompleteness.Partofthelanternfestivaltraditioninvolvesagametoguessriddlesattachedtothelantern.Stilt-walking(踩高蹺),drumming,dragonandliondancingarethemainentertainmentformsoftheLanternFestival.TheDuanwuFestivalAlsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival,itistocommemorate(紀念)thepatriotic(愛國的)poetQuYuan,aloyalandhighlyesteemedminister,whobroughtpeaceandprosperitytohisstatebutendedupdrowninghimselfinariverasaresultofbeingvilified(污蔑，誹謗)．TheDoubleSeventhFestivalOnthe7thdayofthe7thlunarmonth,thereisatraditionalfestivalfullofromance.ItcelebratestheannualmeetingofNiuLang(Cowherd)andZhiNü(WeaverMaid).Inrecentyears,inparticular,urbanyouthshavecelebrateditasValentine'sDayinChina.TheMid-AutumnFestivalItisaconventionalfestivalforboththeHanandminoritynationalitiesinChina.ThecustomofworshippingthemooncanbetracedbacktotheancientXiaandShangDynasties.TheMid-AutumnFestivalisalsoaholidayformembersofafamilytogettogether.TheDoubleNinthFestivalOntheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChineselunarcalendar,peoplecelebratetheDoubleNinthFestival.Later,thetraditiondevelopsintothecustomofclimbingmountainsandeatingdouble-ninthcakes,whichmeansthatourlifewillbecomebetterandbetter.1.WhichisnotinvolvedintheentertainmentsoftheLanternFestival?A.Stilt-walking.B.Dragondancing.C.Guessingriddles.D.Deliciousfoodandluckymoney.2.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutaChineseancestorwhoisthesymbolofdevoteesofhishomeland?A.TheSpringFestival.B.TheDuanwuFestival.C.TheDoubleSeventhFestival.D.TheDoubleNinthFestival.3.WhataspectistheMid-AutumnFestivaluniquein?A.Familiesgettingtogether.B.AfestivalofHannationality.C.Worshippingthemoon.D.Symbolisingthefullmoon.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國最典型的幾個傳統節日：春節、元宵節、端午節、七夕節、中秋節和重陽節。1.D細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知A、B、C項都被包括在內。D項中的food雖然也涉及，但luckymoney卻是春節才有的。故選D。2.B推理判斷題。通讀第四段對屈原的介紹可知，屈原與本題中的“thesymbolofdevoteesofhishomeland”指代一致。故選B。3.C細節理解題。根據倒數第二段第二句“Thecustomofworshippingthemoon...”可知，中秋節崇拜月亮的習俗淵源久遠。比較其他節日，都沒有這個習俗，故選C。B(2020·山東名校聯考)Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areremarkablynoisyecosystemsinoceans.Thespecialnoisesbringmanyfishsettlingthereanddriveenemiesaway.Whenthere'saheatwave,oceantemperaturesriseandthecoralwillloseitscolour,andturnwhite.Itsresidentsthenleaveforhealthierplaces.Withoutthecreatureactivity,reefsfallsilent,asignofdying.Astudyprovesplayingsoundsofhealthyreefsworksonrebuildingenergyofareef.Researchersfoundthenewcomersdrawninbytheunderwaterspeakerstuckaround.TheideabeginswithTimGordon,abiologist,whostudiestheinfluenceofsoundsondiverseunderwateranimalsatthescenicGreatBarrierReefinAustralia.WhatGordonandhisresearchgrouphearonanormalreefstruckthemasawonder.It'sthereforesoupsettingforthemthatreefsbecamesoquietastheydied.Thatgothimthinking:Couldsoundshelprenewdyingreefs?VastsectionsoftheGreatBarrierReefhaveturnedwhiteduringthepastfiveyears.Buthowcouldaseawatertemperatureincreaseofaslittleas1℃causesuchextensiveinfluence?Livingreefshousethousandsoftinyanimals,knownascoralpolyps.Theyliveamongsttheboneremainsoftheirancestors.Thosepolypshaveacloserelationshipwithalgae(海藻)calledzooxanthellaewholiveinsideacoralpolyp'stissues.Theygivecoralitsbrightappearance.Thealgaeusesunlighttomakerawsugar.Thisfeedsnotonlythealgae,butalsothecoralpolyps.Coralsandalgaegrowwellintropical(熱帶的)waters.Butwhenthewatergetstoohot,thetinyalgaebecomedamaged.Thatcausescoralstobootthemout.Withouttheircolourfulcompanions,thecoralpolypsbecometransparent.Thenthebone-likeframeworkthepolypsliveinshowsthrough.Thereefturnswhite.Iftheseawaterstaystoowarm,thepolypsdon'tgetenoughfood.Eventuallytheydie.Thenoisemakingcreaturesthathadlivedaroundthemnowmustgoinsearchofanewneighbourhood.Theyleavebehindabareandsilentreef.4.Howdothesoundshelpreefsrecover?A.Byenergisingdyingcorals.B.Byscaringreefs'enemiesaway.C.Byattractingcreaturesback.D.Byreducingtheheatwave'seffect.5.WhatimpressesTimGordonandotherresearchers?A.Thesoundofahealthyreef.B.ThesceneoftheGreatBarrierReef.C.Diversityofunderwateranimals.D.Theinfluenceofseawatertemperature.6.Whatmakecoralreefscolourful?A.Coralpolyps.B.Zooxanthellae.C.Heatwaves.D.Boneremainsofcoralpolyps.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtheecosystemworksinoceans.B.Howacoralreefgraduallydies.C.Howrisingtemperatureaffectsalgae.D.Howcreaturesdependoneachother.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了海水溫度上升給珊瑚礁帶來的生存困境以及珊瑚礁是如何死亡的。4.C推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Withoutthecreatureactivity,reefsfallsilent,asignofdying.Astudyprovesplayingsoundsofhealthyreefsworksonrebuildingenergyofareef.Researchersfoundthenewcomersdrawninbytheunderwaterspeakersstuckaround.”可知，沒有了生物活動，珊瑚礁將不再發聲，瀕臨死亡。而播放健康的珊瑚礁的聲音會吸引來新的生物，幫助珊瑚礁恢復活力。5.A細節理解題。根據第二段中的“WhatGordonandhisresearchgrouphearonanormalreefstruckthemasawonder.”可知，健康的珊瑚礁發出的聲音使TimGordon感到驚訝。6.B細節理解題。結合第三段中的“Theygivecoralitsbrightappearance”和第四段中的“Withouttheircolourfulcompanions,thecoralpolypsbecometransparent”可知，zooxanthellae使珊瑚礁顏色鮮艷。7.B段落大意題。最后一段主要介紹珊瑚蟲和海藻在熱帶水域里生長良好，當海水過熱時，珊瑚蟲會驅逐海藻而變得透明，從而珊瑚礁也會變白。如果海水溫度太高，珊瑚蟲沒有足夠的食物，最終會死亡，生活在它們周圍的發聲的生物也會離開，留下荒蕪沉寂的珊瑚礁，這一過程是珊瑚礁的死亡過程，故B項能概括本段大意。Ⅱ.完形填空Haveyouevernoticedhowthewayyoufeelaboutyourselfsometimesdependsonwhetherornotyougetconfirmationofyourvaluefromothers?Ihave1alotaboutnurturingapositiveidentityofloveandappreciationfromthemanwhotaughtmetotraindogs.First,hestartedoutby2hisdogswithloveandrespect,andbyshowingthemaninfiniteamountof3astheywerelearning.Then,the4thinghedidwasatruestrokeofgenius.Hewouldcutasmallpieceof5foreachdog.Hewouldplaceitinthedog'ssleepingarea,forhimto6eachnight.Hewouldalsotakethiscarpetduringthe7andsetitdowninvariouslocations,andsitthedogonthecarpet,ashe8thedogforbeinggood.Next,Frankwouldteachthedogto9thecarpethimself,andcarryitto10theyweregoing.Thedogwouldthensetthecarpetdownwhenthey11，withFrankallofthetimepraisinghim.NowFranksaid,“Thedogbeginstofeelthathetruly12ineveryplacehetravelsto,andnomatterwherehegoes,he13myloveandappreciation.”Ifthisstrategy14sobrilliantlywithdogs,woulditnotworkjust15withhumanbeings?1.A.learned B.accumulatedC.improved D.distinguished2.A.pleasing B.treatingC.surrounding D.chasing3.A.sympathy B.comfort