2022高三教研二輪復(fù)習(xí)專用

（2）習(xí)慣搭配考前4天專題三：完型填空習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中的很多詞匯均以搭配的形式出現(xiàn)，完形填空中的詞匯也不例外。在分析語(yǔ)境、理清空白處含義的基礎(chǔ)上，利用對(duì)詞匯前后搭配的分析可以快速、準(zhǔn)確地推斷完形填空的未知信息。所謂前后搭配主要是指動(dòng)詞(名詞、形容詞等)與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與其賓語(yǔ)的搭配、句式結(jié)構(gòu)和各種習(xí)慣搭配。在答完形填空時(shí)，充分考慮這些搭配關(guān)系有助于我們做出正確選擇。2021年命題解讀和近三年考點(diǎn)分布1.【2021·全國(guó)新高考I卷】Ourrolesinthefactoryweresimple:Placecakesonamovingbelt.Attachicing(糖霜)ears.Applyicingeyesandnose.Removebunnyfromthebelt.Thiswasbetterthanitsounds.51abitandthecakespileup.AsItoldmyparentsatdinnerthatfirstnight,itwasallalittlemorehigh-pressurethanI’dexpected.51．A．Calmdown B．Slowdown C．Stayon D．Moveon【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：慢一點(diǎn)，蛋糕就堆起來了。A.Calmdown平靜下來；B.Slowdown慢一點(diǎn)；C.Stayon繼續(xù)停留；D.Moveon往前走。根據(jù)“andthecakespileup”可知這里意思是慢一點(diǎn)，就會(huì)造成蛋糕堆積起來的后果。故選B。2.【2021·全國(guó)新高考I卷】I’d45minimumwage.45．A．offer B．earn C．set D．suggest【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我掙的是最低工資。A.offer提供；B.earn掙得；C.set放置；D.suggest建議。根據(jù)“minimumwage”可知我掙的是最低工資。故選B。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后3.【2021·英語(yǔ)全國(guó)甲卷】That'swhenthingswent29“Irememberwalkingdownthelonghallandopeningthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,”Burchillsaidinarecentletterofapologytothe4-starhotel."Theseagullsimmediatelywentwild.Theyrushedtothewindow,30or40birdsalltryingto33atthesametime,andpepperoni—everywhere.Thecurtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasarealmess.29．A．far

B．funny C．wrong D．blind33．A．wakeup B．getout C．takeoff D．breakin【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：事情就在這時(shí)出了問題。A.far遠(yuǎn)的；B.funny有趣的；C.wrong失常的；D.blind盲目的。此處gowrong是固定搭配，意為：出問題。故選C。【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：它們沖到窗口，30或40只鳥都想同時(shí)出去，到處都是意大利香腸。A.wakeup醒來；B.getout出去；C.takeoff起飛；D.breakin闖入。根據(jù)“Theyrushedtothewindow”及生活常識(shí)可知，鳥看到人類很害怕，想同時(shí)從窗戶逃出去。故選B。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后4.【2021·英語(yǔ)全國(guó)甲卷】“IhavematuredandIadmitresponsibilityofmyactions,”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,37,toapologizeforthe-damageIhadindirectlycausedandtoaskyoutoreconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.”37．A．handsinpocket B．noseintheair

C．hatinhand D．feetontheground【答案】C【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我來找你，恭恭敬敬地，為我間接造成的傷害道歉并請(qǐng)求您重新考慮我被終身禁止入住酒店的決定。A.handsinpocket手放在口袋里；B.noseintheair目中無人；C.hatinhand畢恭畢敬地；D.feetontheground腳踏實(shí)地。根據(jù)“toapologizeforthe-damageIhad38causedandtoaskyouto39mylifetimebanfromthehotel.”及生活常識(shí)可知，向別人道歉，應(yīng)該表明自己是畢恭畢敬地。故選C。5.【2021·全國(guó)高考乙卷】Asshewasleavingshewaseagertosay52toeachofusinthenursingteam.52．A．sorry B．hello C．goodbye D．yes【答案】C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她要離開時(shí)，她急切地想和我們護(hù)理隊(duì)的每一個(gè)人說再見。A.sorry抱歉；B.hello你好；C.goodbye再見；D.yes同意。根據(jù)上文的“onherdayofdischarge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她對(duì)護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)的人告別，saygoodbyetosb.“和某人告別”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后6.【2021·全國(guó)高考乙卷】Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasanursejustafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferentgradesofgratitude(感謝).Mythoughtsweresoon43.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas44fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while45togetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwaseventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,requiringtheemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,thoughslowly,andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.43．A．brushedaside B．puttothetest C．broughtunderdiscussion D．takenintoaccount44．A．departing B．escaping

C．retiring

D．recovering45．A．a(chǎn)ttempting B．choosing

C．pausing

D．promising習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的想法很快就進(jìn)行了測(cè)驗(yàn)。A.brushedaside撇開；B.puttothetest經(jīng)受考驗(yàn)，接受……的考驗(yàn)；C.broughtunderdiscussion在討論中；D.takenintoaccount考慮。結(jié)合下文講述女病人對(duì)護(hù)士們的所為，可知作者的想法立即接受了測(cè)驗(yàn)。故選B。【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有一個(gè)病人膝蓋置換手術(shù)后正在康復(fù)。A.departing出發(fā)，離開；B.escaping逃跑；C.retiring退休；D.recovering恢復(fù)。結(jié)合下文提到手術(shù)和病人從床上摔下來可知，病人正在恢復(fù)中。此處recoverfrom意為：從……中恢復(fù)過來。故選D。【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天下午，當(dāng)她試圖上床睡覺時(shí)，她因心臟病而摔倒了。A.attempting試圖，嘗試；B.choosing選擇；C.pausing暫停；D.promising承諾。結(jié)合上文提到這是個(gè)膝蓋有傷的病人，可推知她嘗試著自己上床。此處attempttodosth意為：試圖做某事。故選A。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后7.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I】Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey’ll47anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisalie.47．A．winout B．giveup C．wakeup D．standout【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有一天，他們會(huì)開始了解真相，并且發(fā)現(xiàn)，一直以來，他們所知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切，是一個(gè)謊言。A.winout最后獲得成功；B.giveup放棄；C.wakeup開始了解真相；D.standout站出來。根據(jù)anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa48.可知有一天，孩子們會(huì)開始了解真相。故選C。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后8.

【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)I】Windowsanddoorshaveimportantmetaphorical(比喻)meanings.I’mtellingthemtheycan’topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterinlifetheycometoametaphorical(比喻)door,likeanopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))ofsomesort,and55openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust56itandwonder,＂Whatifitisn’tadoor?＂Thatis,＂Whatifitisn’tarealopportunity?＂Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.Butthe58isthatIshouldn’tlietomykids.55．A．bycomparisonwith B．inadditionto C．regardlessof D．insteadof56．A．getholdofB．stareatC．knockon D．makeuseof58．A．safetyruleB．comfortzoneC．bottomline D．topsecret

習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后【答案】D【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會(huì)怎么樣，就像某種機(jī)會(huì)，他們不是打開門，抓住機(jī)會(huì)，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會(huì)怎么樣”。A.bycomparisonwith與……相比；B.inadditionto除……之外；C.regardlessof不管；D.insteadof而不是。對(duì)孩子們?nèi)鲋e，今后，孩子們面對(duì)生活中的“門”時(shí)，會(huì)觀望，而不是打開“門”。故選D。【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：假如他們將來在生活中遇到比喻的門，將會(huì)怎么樣，就像某種機(jī)會(huì)，他們不是打開門，抓住機(jī)會(huì)，而是凝視著它，想知道“假如它不是一扇門，將會(huì)怎么樣”。A.getholdof抓住；B.stareat凝視；C.knockon敲擊（門、窗）；D.makeuseof利用。孩子們遇到機(jī)會(huì)，不是馬上抓住它，而是在考慮很多問題。由此可知，孩子們?cè)谀曋皺C(jī)會(huì)”。故選B。【答案】C【解析】考查名詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：但是，底線是我不應(yīng)該對(duì)我的孩子們?nèi)鲋e。Asafetyrule安全守則；B.comfortzone舒適帶;C.bottomline底線；D.topsecret絕密的。根據(jù)Ishouldn'tlietomykids.可知這是我的底線。故選C。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后9.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II】ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo,”whoserealnamecannotbe41tothepublicbecauseofItaly’sprivacylaws,finishedworkingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.Asheoftendid,hestoppedbythe“afterworkauction(拍賣)”runbytheItalianpolicewherethingsfoundonthetrainsweresoldtothehighestbidder.41．A．a(chǎn)ttached B．a(chǎn)llocated C．exposed D．submitted【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工廠的工作，他的真實(shí)名字因意大利的隱私法不能暴露給公眾。A.attached參加；B.allocated分配；C.exposed暴露；D.submitted上交。根據(jù)下文的becauseofItaly'sprivacy可知此處用beexposedto“暴露”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。10.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II】Hisson,age15,whohad49anartappreciationclass,thoughtthattherewassomethingunusualabouttheonewithayounggirlsittingonagardenchair.49．A．missed B．failed C．taken D．led【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他15歲的兒子在上一門藝術(shù)欣賞課，他認(rèn)為那幅有一個(gè)年輕女孩坐在花園椅子上的畫是不尋常的。A.missed錯(cuò)過；B.failed失敗；C.taken拿；D.led導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查固定短語(yǔ)takeclasses“上課”，故選C。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后11.

【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II】IrememberthefirstreallydifficultcustomerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas.49absolutelyeverything,nothingwasrightandIwasrathersurprisedthatshebecamea“regular".Afterawhile,she51forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat52,andsinceshe’dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對(duì)),she’dtakenitoutonotherpeople.49.A.curiousabout B.displeasedwith C.patientwith D.uncertainabout51.A.searched B.argued C.prayed D.apologized52.A.bychance B.byherself C.onpurpose D.onduty習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她對(duì)每件事都很不滿意，沒有什么是對(duì)的，令我相當(dāng)驚訝的是，她居然成了“常客”。A.curiousabout好奇；B.displeasedwith對(duì)……不滿意；C.patientwith對(duì)……有耐心；D.uncertainabout對(duì)……不能肯定。結(jié)合后文nothingwasright可知這個(gè)顧客對(duì)一切都不滿意。故選B。【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，她為自己一開始的行為道歉。A.searched搜索；B.argued爭(zhēng)論；C.prayed祈禱；D.apologized道歉。顧客一開始很難纏，對(duì)一切都不滿，結(jié)果后來成了常客，她開始為自己一開始的行為道歉。apologizefor“為某事道歉”。故選D。【答案】B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，現(xiàn)在一個(gè)人住在一套公寓里，因?yàn)樗X得實(shí)在難以應(yīng)付，就把氣撒在別人身上。A.bychance偶然；B.byherself她獨(dú)自地；C.onpurpose故意地；D.onduty值班。結(jié)合上文Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat可知女顧客和丈夫分居了，因此現(xiàn)在是獨(dú)自住在一套公寓里。故選B。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后12.【2020·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)II】Alwayswateritdownanddon’tletyourego(自我)get58.Ifyoudo,youwon’beabletohandleitandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthatruinseveryone’sday.58.A.outofsight B.intheway C.behindthescene D.abovethelaw【答案】B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要讓你的自我妨礙你。A.outofsight看不見；B.intheway妨礙，擋道；C.behindthescene幕后；D.abovethelaw凌駕于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意這些顧客，要淡化這種不好的情緒，不要讓自己的自我妨礙了自己。故選B。13.【2020·浙江卷】I’vebeenfarmingsheeponahillsidefor54years.Iuseasmalltractortogetabout.MydogDonalwayssitsbesidemeinthepassengerscat.OnemorningIspottedalostlambwhenIwasinthetopfield，nearwhereamotorwaycutsthroughmyland.Thelambhadbecomeseparatedfromitsmother,soIjumpedoutofthetractorto_____38____itwhileDonstayedinhisscat.38．A．a(chǎn)skabout B．playwith C．tendto D．runinto【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它，而Don還坐在它的座位上。A.askabout詢問；B.playwith同……一起玩；C.tendto照看；D.runinto撞上。上文說小羊和它的媽媽走散了，所以可以推測(cè)出我跳下拖拉機(jī)去照看它。故選C。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后14.【2020·浙江卷】MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.Irandesperatelybutfailedto45.Itcrashedthroughawoodenfenceanddisappeared.ThelastthingIsawwasDon’sface,lookingcalmlybackatme.45．A．takeoff B．catchup C．holdback D．getout【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但沒能追上。A.takeoff起飛；B.catchup追上；C.holdback阻止；D.getout出去。根據(jù)Irandesperately以及下文Itcrashedthroughawoodenfenceanddisappeared.可知我沒有追上拖拉機(jī)。故選B。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后15.【2019·全國(guó)II】It’sabout250milesfromthehillsofwest-centrallowatoEhlers’homeinMinnesota.Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting.Ehlers___41___aboutthesmalldoghehadseentremblingalongsidetheroad.Hehadtriedtocoax(哄)thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad___44___.41.A.read B.forgotC.thoughtD.heard44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoff【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)空格前面的Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting可知，Ehlers打獵一周，正驅(qū)車回家。再根據(jù)后面的thesmalldoghehadseen….frightened,ithad44.可知，他本想哄勸那條他遇見的狗，但是由于受到了驚嚇，那條狗跑了，因此他在開車回家的路上一直想著這條狗。此處固定短語(yǔ)thinkabout想著。故選C。【答案】D【解析】與前面的but構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，雖然Ehlers想哄勸狗，到他身邊，幫助它，但是由于害怕，它跑掉了，也與下文的lost等呼應(yīng)。故選D。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后16.【2019·全國(guó)II】JeffhadhuntedinIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog,Rosie,butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched___55___forRosieinthenextfourdays.55.A.onpurpose B.ontime C.inturn D.invain【答案】D【解析】結(jié)合上文Ethers發(fā)現(xiàn)了Rosie和本句的Jeffsearched55forRosieinthenextfourdays語(yǔ)境，說明Jeff找了四天，也沒有找到他的狗。即徒勞無功。故選D。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后17.【2019·全國(guó)I】TheenvironmentalchallengesaresignificantbuttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe___49___.ThebestofaKilimanjaroexperience,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare___51___asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.49.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway51.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded【答案】A【解析】由“but”可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國(guó)家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報(bào)。payoff得到回報(bào)；spreadout伸展；blowup爆炸；fadeaway；逐漸消退。故選A。【答案】D【解析】由“spiritualspace”,可知，山被許多文化視為精神場(chǎng)所。study學(xué)習(xí)，研究；observed觀察；explore探索；regard認(rèn)為。beregardedas意為“被視為......”符合句意。故選D。習(xí)慣搭配——瞻前顧后習(xí)慣搭配難題展現(xiàn)【例1】【江蘇省百校大聯(lián)考2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次考試】Musicismyfirstlove.Icansitdownatthepianoandforgetallaboutmyproblems.Duringthelowestmomentinmylife,musicwasmygreatestcomfort.Afterquittingserviceinthearmy,Ibecameanironworker.Afewyearsago,theone-bedroombungalow(平房)IrentedinMassachusettswassold.Thoughthelandlord(房東)gavemetwomonthsrent-freetofindanewplacetolive,nothingaffordable24.Eventually,Ipackedupmybelongingsandsleptinmycar,thinkingitwouldonlybetemporary.Butweeksturnedintomonthsandthemonthsintoyears.Theonethingthatkeptmealivewasmusic.WhileIhaddevelopedcataracts(白內(nèi)障)，nothingcouldkeepmyfingersfromfindingtherightkeys.24．A．setin B．tookon C．turnedup D．wentdown【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：盡管房東給了我兩個(gè)月的免租金，好讓我找個(gè)新地方住，但沒找到能租得起的房子。A.setin開始，到來，流行；B.tookon承擔(dān)，雇傭；C.turnedup出現(xiàn)，找到；D.wentdown下跌，蹲下。根據(jù)下文“andsleptinmycar”可知他能付得起錢的房子一直沒有被找到。故選C。【例3】【八省市（湖北省，廣東省等）2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考】Somefolksspenddecadeslookingfortheirbestfriends.IwasluckyenoughtofindmineinGrade7atmyseniorschool–eightteenagegirls.Asweprogressedtohighschool,acoupleofgirls43andacoupleofnewoneswormedtheirwayin.BytheendofGrade12,thegrouphadmoreorlessunitedintoitsfinalform,onethat’sremainedremarkablycompleteforthepast20years.43．A．droppedout B．droppedin C．showedup D．showedoff【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們升入高中時(shí)。有幾個(gè)女生退出了，又有幾個(gè)女生加入進(jìn)來。A.droppedout退學(xué)，退出；B.droppedin順道來訪；C.showedup出現(xiàn)；D.showedoff炫耀。根據(jù)后文“aco