2015年下半年中小學(xué)教師資格考試英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力試題（高級(jí)中學(xué)）1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分。2.請(qǐng)按規(guī)定在答題卡上填涂、作答，在試卷上作答無(wú)效，不予評(píng)分。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（本大題共30小題，每小題2分，共60分）在每小題列出的四個(gè)備選選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案，請(qǐng)用2B結(jié)筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案字母按要求涂黑，錯(cuò)選、多選或未選均無(wú)分。1.InEnglish,theaspirated[ph]andtheunaspirated[p]are____.A.minimalpairsB.inphonemiccontrastC.twodistinctivephonemesD.incomplementarydistributioncanbedistinguishedby_____.2./s/and/θ／A.mannerofarticulationB.placeofarticulationC.vibrationofthevocalcordsD.aspirationofarticulation3.You'IIfindthisTravelGuidetobeofgreat___inhelpingyouandyourchildrentogetaroundMalaysia.A.costB.priceC.valueD.expenditure4.Whenthetrain_____,alltheschoolstudentsweresurprisedtoseethattheCarlisleteamhadonemanonly.A.pulleddownB.pulledonC.pulledofD.pulledin5.Whichofthefollowingwordscontainsaninflectionalmorpheme?A.Disappear.B.Blacken.C.Oxen.D.Anti-pollution.6.Readingistothemind____foodistothebody.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what7.Hehadnotimeandenergytoplaywithhischildrenorshopwithhiswife,buthe__homearegularsalary.A.didbringB.doesbringC.didgetD.doesget8.Infact,theywouldratherhaveleftforLondon_____inBirmingham.A.tostayB.inordertostayC.thanhavestayedD.insteadofhavingstayed9.____makesitpossibleforlanguageuserstoovercomethelimitationsoftimeandspaceincommunication.A.ArbitrarinessB.DualityC.ProductivityD.Displacement10.Thesenserelationofthefollowingpairofsentencesisthat_____.X:Mary'spetcatwasstolen.Y:Marryhasapetcat.A.XentailsYB.XpresupposesYC.XisinconsistentwithYD.XissynonymouswithY11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutalessonplanisinappropriate?A.Itisateachingguide.B.Itisablueprinttobestrictlyfollowed.C.Ittakesintoaccountsyllabusandstudents.D.Itdescribesinadvancewhatandhowtoteach.12.Skill-integratedactivitiesallowteacherstobuildinmore____intoalesson,fortherangeofactivitieswillbewider.A.certaintyB.simplicityC.varietyD.accuracy13.Alanguageproficiencytestthatonlyconsistsofmultiple-choicequestionslacks_____.A.constructvalidityB.contentvalidityC.testreliabilityD.scorereliability，he/sheistryingto14.Whenateacherasksstudentstorearrangeasetofsentencesintoalogicalparagraphdrawtheirattentionto____.A.grammarB.vocabularyC.sentencepatternsD.textualcoherence15.Whichofthefollowingactivitieswouldhelpstudentsdeveloptheskillofextractingspecificinformation?A.Inferringmeaningfromthecontext.B.Recognizingtheauthor'sbeliefsandattitudes.C.Usinginformationinthereadingpassagetomakehypotheses.D.Listeningtotheflightinformationtoseeiftheplaneisontime.16.Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanbeusedtocheckstudents'understandingofdifficultsentencesinthetext?A.Paraphrasing.B.Blank-filling.C.Story-telling.D.Summarizing.17.Whenateacherorganizesgroupwork,whichofthefollowingmightbeoftheleastconcern?A.Increasingpeerinteraction.B.Increasingindividualpractice.C.Developinglanguageaccuracy.D.Providingvarietyanddynamics.18.Ifateacherasksstudentstocollect,compareandanalyzecertainsentencepatterns,he/sheaimsatdevelopingstudents'_____.A.discourseawarenessB.culturalawarenessC.strategiccompetenceD.linguisticcompetence19.Whenateachersaystothewholeclass，"Standupandactoutthedialogue"，he/sheisplayingtheroleofa(n)___.A.monitorB.organizerC.assessorD.prompter20.Whichofthefollowingmaybettercheckstudents'abilityofusingagrammaticalstructure?A.Havingthemworkouttherule.B.Havingthemgivesomeexamples.C.Havingthemexplainthemeaning.D.Havingthemexplainthestructure.請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1，完成第21-25題.Passage1WhenaskedbyConanifhisdaughtershadsmartphones，comedianLouisCKexplainedthathehadsuccessfullyfendedthemoffbysimplyreplying."No,youcan'thaveit.Itisbadforyou."HeinstantlybecamemyheroasIwasmiredindifficultnegotiationswithmyten-year-olddaughteroverone.Andfrankly，shewaswinning.Wasitpossibletosaynotomydaughter,asCKsuggested?Ihadn'tevenknownIwasallowedto,iftheguineapigs,thedogs,andthingsforherdollMollywereanyindication.CKrationalized，"Iamnotraisingthechildren.l'mraisingthegrown-upsthattheyaregoingtobe.Sojustbecausetheotherstupidkidshavephonesdoesn'tmeanthatmykidhastobestupid."NowIiswhatCKknewIdidn’twantmykidtogrowupstupidlikeherfriends.Ineededtoexplainthistoher.ThistoldConanandme.Cellphonesare"toxic，especiallyforkids."hesaid，becausetheydon'thelpthemlearnempathy，oneofthenicerhumanemotions.Whenwetext，wedon’tseeorhearavisceralreaction.Theresponsewegetiscoldandhardtext-message."Whyarekidsmean?"Heasked."Becausethey'retryingitout.Theylookatanotherkidandsay，'You'refat'.Thentheyseethekid'sfacescrunchupandthinkthatdoesn'tfeelgood.Texting"you'refat"allowsyoutobypassthepain.CKwentontoexplainthatsmartphonesrobusofourabilitytobealone.Kidsusesmartphonestooccupytheirtime:Musttext!Mustplaygame!MustlookupmoretinysocksonlineforMolly!CKasked,whathappenedtozoningout?Afterall，oneofthejoysofbeinghumanisallowingourmindstowanderwithcellphones，kidsarealwayspreoccupied.Theyneverdaydream，exceptinclass.Andhere'ssomethingelsewe'remissing:ourrighttobemiserable.ThiswasarightIhadn'trealizedIdesireduntilCKpointedoutthatit'sanotheroftheessentialhumanemotions.CKgavetheexampleofdrivingbyyourselfandsuddenlyrealizingthatyou'realone.Not"Oh,guessIcan'tusethelane"alone.Dark,broodingsadnesscausessomanydriverstograbsmartphoneandreachouttoanotherlivingsoul."Everybody'smurderingeachotherwiththeircars"astheytextbecausetheydreadbeingalone.Toobad-they'remissingoutonalife-affirmingexperience."Iwasinmycaronetime，andBruceSpringsteen's'Jungleland'cameon.Hesoundssofaraway.Itmademereallysad.AndIthink,l'vegottogetthephoneandwritehito50people.Iwasreachingforthephone，andIthought，don't!Justbesad."SoCKpulledoverandallowedhimselftosoblikealittlegirldeniedanicethingforherAmericanGirldoll."Itwasbeautiful.Sadnessispoetic.You'reluckytolivesadmoments,"hesaid.Becausehedidn'tfightandallowedhimselftobesadnessIwasgratefultofeelsad,andthenImetitwithtrueprofoundhappiness.Thethingis,becausewedon'twantthatfirstbitofsad，wepushitawaywiththatlittlephone.Soyouneverfeelcompletelysadorcompletelyhappy.Youjustfeelkindofsatisfied.Andthenyoudie.That'swhyIdon'twanttogetphonesformykids".AndIsupposeIdon'teither.21.WhydidtheauthorregardCKasherhero?A.CKwasagoodfatherandaverybravecomedianinhereyes.B.CKdidn'tagreetobuysmartphonesforhisyoungdaughters.C.Shewasveryimpressedbyhissolutiontothesmartphoneproblem.D.Shewasencouragedbyhimnottomakeanycompromisestoherdaughter.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one"inPARAGRAPHTWOreferto?A.Adog.B.Adoll.C.Aguineapig.D.Asmartphone.23.WhydidCKrefusetobuyhiskidscellphones?A.Hedidn'tlikecellphonesatallandthoughttheywerepoisonous,especially,forkids.B.Hebelievedthatcellphoneswereruiningkids'abilitiestoexperiencetheirownlives.C.Heworriedthathiskidswouldplaytheirphonesinclassandbeabsent-minded.D.Hewasadifferentkindoffatherwhowouldliketoraisehiskidsinadifferentway.24.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase"zoningout"inPARAGRAPHFOUR?A.Losingconcentration.B.Beingalone.C.Buyingthingsonline.D.Playinggames.25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.Textmessageshaveallowedchildrentolearnandfeelempathy.B.Cellphoneshavemadechildren'slifeatschoolcolorfulandexciting.C.Experiencinglonelinessorsadnessisasbeneficialasenjoyinghappiness.D.Cellphonesmayofferpeoplethequickestwaytofindsomeonetotalkto.請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第26-30題.Passage2Untiladecadeortwoago，thecenterofmanyWesterncitieswereemptyingwhiletheiredgeswerespreading.Thiswasnotforthereasonsnormallycited.Neitherthecarnorthemotorwaycausedsuburbansprawl,althoughtheyspenditup:citieswerespreadingbeforeeithercamealong.Norwastheflighttothesuburbscausedbyracism.Whitesfledinner-cityneighborhoodsthatwerebecomingblack,buttheyalsofledonesthatwerenot.Planningandzoningrulesencouragedsprawl,asdidtaxbreaksforhomeownership-butcitiesspreadregardlessofthese.Therealcausewasmassaffluence.Aspeoplegrewricher，theydemandedmoreprivacyandspace.Onlyafewcouldaffordthatincitycenters;therestmovedout.Thesameprocessisnowoccurringinthedevelopingworld，butmuchmorequickly.ThepopulationdensityofmetropolitanBeijinghascollapsedsince1970，fallingfrom425peopleperhectareto65.Indiancitiesarefollowing;Brazil'sareahead.Andsuburbanizationhasalongwaytorun.BeijingisnowaboutascrowdedasmetropolitanChicagowasatitsmostcloselypacked，inthe1920s.SincethenChicago'sdensityhasfallenbyalmostthree-quarters.Thisiswelcome.Romanticnotionsofsociable，high-densityliving-notionspushed，forthemostpart，bypeoplewhothemselvesoccupyratherspaciousresidences-ignorethesqualorandlackofprivacytobefoundinKinshasa,Mumbaiortheothercrowdedcitiesofthepoorworld.Manyofthemarefartoodensefordignifiedliving,andneedtospreadout.TheWesternsuburbstowhichsomanyaspirearehealthierthantheirdetractorssay.ThemodernStepfordsarenolongerwhitemonocultures，butthatisprogress.ForeveryFergusontherearemanyAmericansuburbsthathavequietlybecomeblack，HispanicorAsian，orablendofeveryone.PicaresqueaccountsofdecayoverlookthefactthatAmerica'ssuburbsarehalfascriminalandalittlemorethanhalfaspoorascentralcities.Evenasurbancentresrevive，moreAmericansmovefromcitycentretosuburbthangotheotherway.ButtheWesthasalsomademistakes，fromwhichtherestoftheworldcanlearn.Thefirstlessonisthatsuburbansprawlimposescostsoneveryone.Suburbanitestendtousemoreroadsandconsumemorecarbonthanurbanites(thoughperhapsnotasmuchasdistantcommutersforcedoutbygreenbelts).Butthisdamagecanbealleviatedbyacarbontax，bytollroadsandbychargingforparking.ManycitiesintheemergingworldhavefollowedthebarmyAmericanpracticeofrequiringpropertydeveloperstoprovideacertainnumberofparkingspacesforeverybuilding-somethingthatmakescommutingbycarmuchmoreattractivethanitwouldbeotherwise.Scrappingthemwouldgivepublictransportachance.Thesecondisthatitisfoolishtotrytostopthespreadofsuburbs.Greenbelts,themosteffectivemethodfordoingthis，pushuppropertypricesandencouragelong-distancecommuting.ThecostofhousinginLondon,alreadyastronomical，wentupby19%inthepastyear，reflectingnotjustthecity'sstrongeconomybutalsotheimpossibilityofbuildingonitsedges.TheinsistenceonbigminimumlotsizesinsomeAmericansuburbsandruralareashasmuchthesameeffect.Citiesthattrytopreventgrowththroughgreenbeltsoftenendupweakeningthemselves,asSeoulhasdone.Awiserpolicywouldbetoplanforhugeexpansion.Acquirestripsoflandforroadsandrailways,andchunksforparks，beforethecitysprawlsintothem.NewYork's19th-centurygovernorsdecidedwhereCentralParkwasgoingtogolongbeforethecityreachedit.NewYorkwentontodevelopinawaythattheycouldnothaveimagined,buttheparkisstillthere.Thisisnotthedirigismeofthenew-townplanner-thatconfidentsoulwhobelievesheknowswherepeoplewillwanttoliveandwork，andhowtheywillgetfromonetotheother.Itistherealismneededtomanagetheinevitable.AmodeloflivingthathasbroadlyworkedwellintheWestisspreading,adaptingtolocalconditionsasitgoes.WeshouldalllookforwardtothetimewhenChineseandIndianteenagerswritesulkysongsabouttheappallingdullnessofsuburbia.26.Forwhichofthefollowingreasonsdidthewestmoveoutofcities?A.Theydidnotneedtopayhighertaxeswhenlivinginsuburbs.B.Carindustryrapidlydevelopedandmotorwaysswiftlyemerged.C.Theydiscriminatedagainsttheblackpeoplelivingincitycenters.D.Therichertheygrew,themoredemandtheyhadonprivacyanapace.27.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"detractors"inPARAGRAPHFOUR?A.UrbanitesB.ProponentsC.OpponentsD.Suburbanites28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inPARAGRAPHFIVEreferto?A.ParkingspacesB.GreenbeltsC.DistantcommutersD.Propertydevelopers29.Whichofthefollowingbestreflectstheauthor'sviewofsuburbanization?A.MeasuresshouldbetakentopreventthegrowthofsuburbsB.TheexpansionofsuburbanareasshouldbeplannedinadvanceC.TheWesthadmadeoffewmistakesonitswaytosuburbanizationD.Plannersshouldbementallypreparedforitsnegativeconsequences30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsCANNOTbeinferredfromthepassage?A.PublictransportshouldbeencouragedinsuburbanizationB.PeoplefrompoorcountriesarelivingwithprivacyanddignityC.LocalconditionsshouldbetakenintoaccountinsuburbanizationD.Americanprefertoliveinsuburbsregardlessofurbandevelopment二、簡(jiǎn)答題（本大題1小題，20分）根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。31.推理(inferring)是閱讀理解的基本技能之一。請(qǐng)解釋"推理"的基本內(nèi)涵，簡(jiǎn)述訓(xùn)練推理技能的注意事項(xiàng)，并用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)可以檢測(cè)閱讀理解的撞理性問(wèn)題。三、教學(xué)情境分析題（本大題1小題，30分）根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。32下面是某英語(yǔ)教師對(duì)學(xué)生作業(yè)的批改案例：tohearcannotspeakeitherone’ｓ.ToloseIthinkthemostimportantsenseishearing.IfIlosetheabilityofhearing,Ialsocan’tspeakhearingmeanslosingtolosetwoimportantfunctions(ofhuman).AnbehindthemDeaf-and-dumbpeoplecannothearthebusnoiseeveniftheaccidenthappensintheirback.ThisisthemostimportantProblemareridingploblemforthem.Forexample，supposethattheyrideabikeinthebusystreet.We，normalpeoplefeelthedangeroussensebythenoise，whichismadebyears.Wecanavoidthemanddrivesafely.Deafpeoplealwaysexpodetheirtodanger.根據(jù)所給信息完成下列任務(wù)：（1）該教師的作業(yè)批改存在哪些問(wèn)題?（6分）（2）該批改方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致哪些負(fù)面結(jié)果?（12分）（3）針對(duì)存在的問(wèn)題提出相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)建議。（12分）四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)題（本大題1小題，40分）根據(jù)提供的信息和語(yǔ)言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。33．設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)20分鐘的閱讀訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)。教案沒(méi)有固定格式，單須包含下列要點(diǎn):?teachingobjectives?teachingcontents?keyanddifficultpoints?majorstepsandtimeallocation?activitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中二年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》六級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材:SkiingbyVanessaLuoSkiingismyfavouritesport，eventhoughIhaveonlyskiedforfourdaysinmywholelife!LastyearmyfatherpromisedtotakemeonaholidayifIdidwellinmyexams.WhenIgotstraightA's,Dadsaid,"HowaboutaweekendattheBotanicalGardens?"However,mymumsaid,“No，youpromisedaspecialholiday.Ithinkyououghttokeepyourword."And，despitetheexpense，hedid.Mydreamwastoseesomerealsnow，sointheChristmasvacationweflewtoSeoul，SouthKorea,andthentookashuttlebuswhichrunsbackandforthbetweenSeoulandMujuResort.Asthebusclimbedthroughthemountains，wesawthesnowonthetrees.Iwasdyingtogetoutandplaywithit!Atlast,wereachedtheresortandquicklyscrambledoutofthebus.Nooneinmyfamilyhadevertouchedsnowbefore.Wewerealllikelittlechildren-wepickeditup，madesnowballs，andthrewthemateachother!Thenwecheckedinatthehotel.Ourroomoverlookedoneoftheskislopes.Theslopewasfloodlit,sowewatchedpeopleskiinguntil10p.m.Wecouldnotwaittotryitourselves.Thenextdaywehadourfirstskiinglesson.Werentedourskisuits,bootsandskis,andwentoutsideontothesnow.Wearingskisforthefirsttimemakesyoufeelverystrange.Suddenlyyoufindyoucannotevenwalk.Ourinstructortookusontoagentleslope，andshowedussomebasicskills.Inordertogoupahill，youhavetostandsideways,andgoupstepbystep.Youmustpointthetipsofyourskistogethersothatyoucanstop.However，thetipsmustnotcross，oryouwillfall.Youshouldnotskialoneincaseyoufallandgetinjured.Tobehonest,thatfirstlessonwasnotagreatsuccess，andIkeptonfallingdown!However,thenextday,Idefinitelyimproved,Ionlyfelloverafewtimes，andImanagedtodoafewlongerruns.Ifeltpleasedwithmyself,andtheinstructorcongratulatedme,soIfeltgreat.Althoughitwasverycold,Ispentmostofthatholidayskiing.Itwasthemostwonderfultimeofmylife.Nevertheless，itwasallovertoosoon.NowIhavedecidedtoworkpart-timethissummer,soIcanearnenoughmoneyforanothersuperskiingholiday1.【答案】D。解析:考查音系學(xué)知識(shí)。此題句意是：在英語(yǔ)中，送氣音位變體[ph]和不送氣的音位變體[p]是什么關(guān)系?[ph]和[p]是同一音位/p/的音位變體。complementarydistribution表示“互補(bǔ)分布”。在同一語(yǔ)音環(huán)境中出現(xiàn)的兩個(gè)音并不形成對(duì)照或?qū)Ρ龋蛘哒f(shuō)，如果將其中一個(gè)代替另一個(gè)并不會(huì)產(chǎn)生新詞或新意時(shí)，則這兩個(gè)音位變體之間的關(guān)系是互補(bǔ)分布。所以此題D正確。minimalpair表示“最小對(duì)比對(duì)”，是指兩個(gè)語(yǔ)音形式或詞除了一個(gè)語(yǔ)音片段之外其余部分完金相同的狀態(tài)，如pill和bill，dill和kill等；phonemiccontrast表示“音位對(duì)立”，是指兩個(gè)相似的音位出現(xiàn)在不同語(yǔ)音的同一位置，并產(chǎn)生意義差別，如[ph]和[p]在rope相robe中，它們都在詞尾的位置，但是意義不同，因此，它們之間的關(guān)系是對(duì)立的。twodistinctivephonemes表示"兩個(gè)不同的音位"。而題中[ph]和[p]是同一音位/p/的音位變體，所以C不正確。故選D。2.[答案】B.解析：考查語(yǔ)言學(xué)知識(shí)。此題句意是:/s/and/θ/有什么不同?mannerofarticulation表示"發(fā)言方式，.;placeofarticulation表示“發(fā)音部位”；vibrationofthevocalcords表示“聲帶的震動(dòng)”；aspirationofarticulation表示“送氣發(fā)音”。/s/和/θ/都是清輔音、摩擦音，并且發(fā)音時(shí)都送氣，所以排除A、B和C選頃，而/s/和/θ/的不同在于發(fā)音部位，/s/為齒齦音，而/θ/為齒音，故B正確。3.【答案】C。解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。此題句意思：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)TravelGuide這本書(shū)在幫助你和你的孩子游覽馬來(lái)西亞這方面是____。“beof+抽象名詞”相當(dāng)于形容詞.beofvalue表示“很有價(jià)值”，故C正確。cost表示"花費(fèi)"；price表示"價(jià)格"；expenditure表示“開(kāi)支，費(fèi)用”4.【答案】D。解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。此題句意是:當(dāng)火車____，學(xué)校所奇的學(xué)生都驚訝地看到Carlisle隊(duì)只高一個(gè)男生。pulldown表示"拆毀，毀壞"；pullon表示“牽，拉”；“pulloff”表示“做成某事”；pullin表示“（指火車）進(jìn)站”，故D正確。5.【答案】C。解析：考查形態(tài)學(xué)知識(shí)。此題句意是：下列哪一詞包含屈折語(yǔ)素？屈折語(yǔ)素表明各種不同的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系和語(yǔ)法范疇。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有C選項(xiàng)Oxen中"en"表示復(fù)數(shù)，所以C正確。6.【答案】D。解析:考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。此題句意為:閱讀之于思維猶如食物之于人體。AistoBwhatCistoD意思是“A之于B猶如C之于D"，what前后為物與物的比較，如果是數(shù)與數(shù)的比較，則用as連接，例如:Fouristotwelveasoneistothree。故此題D正確.7.【答案】A。解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)和詞義辨析。此題句意是：他沒(méi)有時(shí)間陪他的孩子玩兒，也沒(méi)有時(shí)間陪妻子購(gòu)物，但是他會(huì)定期給家里錢(qián)。根據(jù)but可知前后時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致，故排除B和D。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)表示"給家里錢(qián)"，故A正確。8.【答案】C。解析:考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。此題句意是:事實(shí)上，他們寧愿已經(jīng)去了倫敦而不是待在伯明翰。固定結(jié)構(gòu)wouldratherdoAthandoB表示“寧愿做A也不愿做B”,故C正確。9.【答案】D。解析:考查語(yǔ)言本質(zhì)特征。此題句意是：能夠使語(yǔ)言的使用者在交流中克服時(shí)間和空間的局限性體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言的什么特征?displacement表示"語(yǔ)言的位移性"，是指人類語(yǔ)音可以讓使用者在交際時(shí)用語(yǔ)言符號(hào)代表時(shí)間上和空間上不可及的物體、時(shí)間和觀點(diǎn)。故D正確。10.【答案】B。解析:考查語(yǔ)義關(guān)系。此題句意為：句子X(jué)“瑪麗的寵物貓被偷了。”和句子Y“瑪麗有一只寵物貓”是什么關(guān)系?XpresupposesY表示“X預(yù)設(shè)Y”。由句意可知，Y為X的先決條件，故句子X(jué)和句子Y為預(yù)設(shè)關(guān)系。故此題B正確.11.【答案】B。解析：考查教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。此題是問(wèn):下列關(guān)于教案的表述，哪個(gè)是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?A項(xiàng)意為“它是一項(xiàng)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)”，B項(xiàng)意為“它是一項(xiàng)必須嚴(yán)格遵照的計(jì)劃”，C項(xiàng)意為“它需要考慮到教學(xué)大綱和學(xué)情”，D項(xiàng)意為"它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教”。A、C、D項(xiàng)分別體現(xiàn)了教案的性質(zhì)、要求和內(nèi)容，但教案只是一份教學(xué)計(jì)劃，在實(shí)際過(guò)程中全因?yàn)橐恍┩话l(fā)狀況而隨即進(jìn)行調(diào)整的，所以B項(xiàng)說(shuō)“需要嚴(yán)格遵照?qǐng)?zhí)行”是不準(zhǔn)確的。故選B項(xiàng)。12.【答案】C。解析：此題是問(wèn)：綜合技能活動(dòng)允許老師在課程中融入更多_____，因?yàn)榛顒?dòng)范圍會(huì)更加廣泛，A項(xiàng)意為“確定性”，B項(xiàng)意為“內(nèi)容有效性”，C項(xiàng)意為“多樣性”，D項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)確性”，從題干當(dāng)中的integrated和wider等詞可以判斷出，只有使課堂活動(dòng)更加多樣，才會(huì)帶來(lái)活動(dòng)范圍的擴(kuò)大。故選C。13.【答案】A。解析：此題是問(wèn)：一個(gè)只有多項(xiàng)選擇題的語(yǔ)言水平測(cè)試缺乏____。A項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)構(gòu)高效性”，B項(xiàng)意為“內(nèi)容有效性”，C項(xiàng)意為“測(cè)試信度”，D項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)分者信度”。以多項(xiàng)選擇試題出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)，即使學(xué)生能拿高分，也不一定表明其能夠自如運(yùn)用這些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)進(jìn)行書(shū)面表達(dá)或口頭交際。也就是說(shuō)，這一題型只能測(cè)試學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言輸入能力，如聽(tīng)和讀，而不能測(cè)試學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言輸出能力，如說(shuō)和寫(xiě)。因此，多項(xiàng)選擇試題的結(jié)構(gòu)效度在當(dāng)前的測(cè)試?yán)碚撝碌木窒扌酝怀觥６涑蔀樽钇毡榈臏y(cè)試手段的主要原因在于它較高的表面效度和信度，但真實(shí)并不是真正有效的。故選A。14.【答案】D。解斬：此題是問(wèn)：當(dāng)一名老師讓學(xué)生將一組句子重新排列成一個(gè)有邏輯的段落，那么他/她是想讓學(xué)生注意___。A項(xiàng)意為“語(yǔ)法”，B項(xiàng)意為“詞匯”，C項(xiàng)意為“句型”，D項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)構(gòu)連貫性”。既然老師是讓學(xué)生重排成端，所以強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子間的邏輯性，故選D。15.【答案】D。解析：此題是問(wèn)：下列哪項(xiàng)活動(dòng)可以幫助提高學(xué)生提煉具體信息的能力？A項(xiàng)意為“通過(guò)上下文推斷含義”，B項(xiàng)意為“識(shí)別作者的看法和態(tài)度”，C項(xiàng)意為“利用閱讀文章中的信息作出假設(shè)”，D項(xiàng)意為“聽(tīng)取航班信息判斷飛機(jī)是否準(zhǔn)時(shí)”。由此可知，A、B、C分別對(duì)應(yīng)了含義推斷題、態(tài)度推斷題和細(xì)節(jié)推斷題，側(cè)重的都是對(duì)于學(xué)生判斷能力的鍛煉，因而只有D項(xiàng)是通過(guò)聽(tīng)力練習(xí)中對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)信息的聽(tīng)取來(lái)訓(xùn)練學(xué)生對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)信息的把握能力，故選D。16.【答案】A。解析：此題是問(wèn)：下列哪項(xiàng)活動(dòng)可以被用來(lái)檢查學(xué)生對(duì)于文章中難句的理解？A項(xiàng)意為"釋義"，B項(xiàng)意為"填空"，C項(xiàng)意為“講故事”，D項(xiàng)意為“總結(jié)”。如果想考查學(xué)生對(duì)于難句是否理解，可以通過(guò)讓他們用自己的話進(jìn)行重新解釋來(lái)判斷。其他幾項(xiàng)只涉及到對(duì)具體信息或文章大的把握，故選A。17.【答案】C。解析：此題是問(wèn)：當(dāng)老師組織小組活動(dòng)時(shí)，下列哪項(xiàng)可以最少關(guān)心?A項(xiàng)意為"增加同伴間的互動(dòng)"，B項(xiàng)意為"增加個(gè)人練習(xí)"，C項(xiàng)意為“提高語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性”，D項(xiàng)意為“提供多樣性和動(dòng)力”。組織小組活動(dòng)的目的一般是調(diào)動(dòng)課堂興趣，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的參與、合作等能力，鍛煉他們的實(shí)際語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。基于這樣的目的，在小組活動(dòng)中，老師可以適當(dāng)忽略對(duì)于語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的要求，故選C。18.【答案】D。解析：此題是問(wèn):如果老師讓學(xué)生去收集、比較和分析某些句型，他/她旨在發(fā)展學(xué)生的____。A項(xiàng)意為“語(yǔ)篇意識(shí)”，B項(xiàng)意為“文化意識(shí)”，C項(xiàng)意為“交際能力”，D項(xiàng)意為“語(yǔ)言能力”。由題干可以看出，老師組織的活動(dòng)主要是針對(duì)句型結(jié)構(gòu)的，進(jìn)一步而言實(shí)際體現(xiàn)的是對(duì)語(yǔ)言能力的訓(xùn)練，故選D。19.【答案】B。解析:考查教師的角色。此題是問(wèn)：當(dāng)老師對(duì)全班同學(xué)說(shuō)"站邊來(lái)，把這個(gè)對(duì)話表演出來(lái)"，那么他/她扮演的角色是____.A項(xiàng)意為“調(diào)控者”，指老師對(duì)活動(dòng)的進(jìn)程進(jìn)行把握，保證其開(kāi)展的順利高效；C頂意為“評(píng)價(jià)者”，指老師對(duì)學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)；D項(xiàng)意為“促進(jìn)者”，指老師在學(xué)生不知道要做什么說(shuō)什么時(shí)給予適當(dāng)?shù)奶崾尽Ｔ谠擃}中，老師讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)具體活動(dòng)，體現(xiàn)了對(duì)于課堂活動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)組織，所以扮演的是組織者的角色，故選B。20.【答案】B。解析：考查語(yǔ)法技能教學(xué)。此題是問(wèn):下列哪一項(xiàng)可以更好地檢測(cè)學(xué)生運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力?A項(xiàng)意為"讓他們找出規(guī)律"，B項(xiàng)意為"讓他的給出一些例子"，C項(xiàng)意為"讓他們解釋含義"，D項(xiàng)意為“讓他們說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)”。通過(guò)讓學(xué)生給出一些相同語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的例句，可以更準(zhǔn)確地判斷出他們對(duì)于該語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的把握，故選B。閱讀Passage1，完成第21-25題.【答案解析】21.【答案】C。解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。通過(guò)閱讀文章中第一及第二段，可知作者認(rèn)為CK是她的英雄，因?yàn)镃K在對(duì)孩子是否可以使用智能手機(jī)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候知道如何處理，因此作者對(duì)他的處理方法印象深刻。故本題的正確答案為C。22.【答案】A。解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章中第二段可知，CK是作者的英雄，因?yàn)镃K在對(duì)孩子是否可以使用智能手機(jī)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候知道如何處理，但是當(dāng)作者面對(duì)同樣的問(wèn)題時(shí)，她卻沒(méi)有處理好這個(gè)問(wèn)題，最終給自己的女兒買(mǎi)了智能手機(jī)。故本題的正確答案為A。23.【答案】A。解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句話，得知手機(jī)是有毒的，特別是對(duì)孩子而言，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。24.【答案】A。解析：考查詞義理解。根據(jù)文章第四段，可知手機(jī)剝奪了獨(dú)立的能力。因?yàn)橹悄苁謾C(jī)已占據(jù)了孩子們所有的時(shí)間。CK問(wèn)道:"Whathappenedtozoningout?"，后面給出了答案，有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞"wander"游離，走神，可推測(cè)zoningout應(yīng)該是相wander一樣的意思，故本題選A。25.【答案】C。解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章中第三段，可知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；通過(guò)閱讀整篇文章，可得知孩子們玩智能手機(jī)對(duì)他們有很多不利，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)表明經(jīng)歷孤獨(dú)寂寞和悲傷有益于享受快樂(lè)，可根據(jù)文章的第七、八段得出答案；D選項(xiàng)說(shuō)明手機(jī)也是找人談話的最快的方式，文章中并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故本題的正確答案為C。【答案解析】26.【答案】D。解析：考查因果題。題干：下列哪一項(xiàng)是西方人們退離城市的原因。根據(jù)題干“thewestmoveoutofcities”可以定位到文章第一段的最后一部分"therealcausewasmassaffluence.Aspeoplegrewricher,theydemandedmoreprivacyandspace."真正的原因還是人們富裕越來(lái)了，隨著人們經(jīng)濟(jì)上寬裕起來(lái)，他們對(duì)隱私和空間的要求也越來(lái)越高。只有D選項(xiàng)與此相符。27.【答案】C。解析：考查猜詞題。題干：下列哪一個(gè)詞匯意思上最接近第四段的畫(huà)線詞"detractors"的含義。A選項(xiàng)urbanities，意為“都市風(fēng)格”，B選項(xiàng)proponents意為“支持者”，C選項(xiàng)opponents意為“反對(duì)者”，D選項(xiàng)suburbanites意為“郊區(qū)特點(diǎn)”。文中detractors出現(xiàn)在第四段的第一句話"TheWesternsuburbstowhichsomanyaspirearehealthierthantheirdetractorssay."可以推測(cè)出detractors的含義是與aspire與healthier這兩個(gè)正面的詞匯意思相反的，由此可以推出該題正確答案為C。28.【答案】A。解析：考查指代題。題干：第五自然段中的"them"指代的是什么。第五段中them出現(xiàn)在最后一句，具體的指代內(nèi)容應(yīng)該在真前面，前面一句高提到"…Americanpracticeofrequiringpropertydeveloperstoprovideacertainnumberofparkingspacesforeverybuilding..."美國(guó)人慣常的做法是讓開(kāi)發(fā)商在每幢建筑都留有一定的停車空間，由此可知"them"指的是A，parkingspaces停車空間。29.【答案】B。考查作者觀點(diǎn)題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Awiserpolicywouldbetoplanforhugeexpansion.Acquirestripsoflandforroadsandrailways，andchunksforparks，beforethecitysprawlsintothem."可知作者認(rèn)為對(duì)于郊區(qū)化，應(yīng)該提前做好計(jì)劃，所以B項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第六段第一句話"Thesecondisthatitisfoolishtotrytostopthespreadofsuburbs"可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)在第五段開(kāi)頭也再提及，但時(shí)態(tài)與原文有出入，另外限據(jù)第五、六段可知，作者認(rèn)為從theWest犯的錯(cuò)誤上我們可以汲取到一些教訓(xùn)，但這些只是作者列舉的一些事實(shí)，真正體現(xiàn)作者態(tài)度的還是在最后一段第一句話；D項(xiàng)在原文沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)。30.【答案】B。考查推斷題。根據(jù)第三段"...ignorethesqualorandlackofprivacytobefoundinKinshasa，Mumbaiortheothercrowdedcitiesofthepoorworld.Manyofthemarefartoodensefordignifiedliving，andneedtospreadout."可知在世界一些貧窮的地方，由于人口密度太大，人們的生活比較差，所以B項(xiàng)（貧窮國(guó)家的人過(guò)著有隱私和有尊嚴(yán)的生活）錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段最后可知A正確;根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話可知C正確；根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知D項(xiàng)正確。31.【參考答案】“推理”的基本內(nèi)涵：推理是要求讀者具備閱讀除了需要理解文章的字面語(yǔ)義外，也需要透過(guò)字里行間領(lǐng)悟言外之意及作者的語(yǔ)氣、態(tài)度的能力。推理的前提是閱讀到的高關(guān)文字--可能是短語(yǔ)或句子或整個(gè)段落甚至整篇短文。讀者必須由表及里、由此及彼，從字里行間悟出合乎作者本意的言外之意。推理的結(jié)果應(yīng)是既來(lái)自于字里行間、又高于字里行間；既符合原文實(shí)際內(nèi)涵，又超越實(shí)際內(nèi)涵；既基于已知事實(shí)，又不僅僅是已知事實(shí)。訓(xùn)練推理技能的注意事項(xiàng)：①忠于原文，切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)取代作者原意②注意作者遣詞造句的特點(diǎn)和傾向，客觀推測(cè)作者立場(chǎng)、觀點(diǎn)和寫(xiě)作意圖；③由同一已知事實(shí)可推出不止一個(gè)正確的結(jié)論。兩個(gè)可以檢測(cè)閱讀理解的撞理性問(wèn)題:Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowards...?Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?32.【參考答案】（1）該教師的作業(yè)批改存在的問(wèn)題有：①批改面面俱到。該教師采用了"包辦"法，標(biāo)出學(xué)生作文中每個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，甚至幫學(xué)生一一改正這些錯(cuò)誤；②批改字跡有些潦草，個(gè)別符號(hào)意思不明確，不是很明白易懂；③在批改過(guò)程中，該教師一味地指出錯(cuò)誤，沒(méi)有把好的詞句劃出來(lái)，不能及時(shí)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。（2）該批改方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致的負(fù)面結(jié)果有：①教師一一幫助學(xué)生改正錯(cuò)誤，等于老師重新幫他寫(xiě)了一篇作文，這樣勢(shì)必造成批閱時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，影其他環(huán)節(jié)的工作，而且也會(huì)阻滯學(xué)生英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力的提高；②該教師重作文批改、輕講評(píng)的方式，會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)學(xué)生作文的輕率處理，沒(méi)有達(dá)到寫(xiě)作的效果；③該教師一味地指出錯(cuò)誤，可能會(huì)打消學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，喪失學(xué)習(xí)興趣，過(guò)多指出錯(cuò)誤會(huì)直接影響到學(xué)生的情緒，傷害學(xué)生的自尊心，減低學(xué)習(xí)效果。（3）英語(yǔ)老師要根據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和教材的要求以及學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平，布置精選精練的作業(yè)，在批改作業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)注意：①不宜只指出錯(cuò)誤而不給予糾正。教師批改作文指出錯(cuò)誤后，要重視糾錯(cuò)，有些錯(cuò)誤可以根據(jù)學(xué)生個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)能力由他們自行糾正，有些超句子水平的錯(cuò)誤是學(xué)生無(wú)法自己改正的，教師應(yīng)給予修正；②不宜千篇一律地批改作文。不同水平的學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)糾正錯(cuò)誤的期望和要求存在著差異，這一事實(shí)要求教師不僅應(yīng)當(dāng)注意這些要求，而且要靈活地處理不同的要求。③不宜主次不分地批改作文。批改作文時(shí)不直抓小失大，主次不分。如果只注意作文中的枝節(jié)（如拼寫(xiě)）而忽視全局性的問(wèn)題，這樣的批改是片面的，要重視'全局性問(wèn)題"，主要是文章的內(nèi)容、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)、文章的材料、文章的語(yǔ)言等。④教師可以采用評(píng)語(yǔ)的方式對(duì)作業(yè)遠(yuǎn)行批改，但評(píng)語(yǔ)所使用的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)與學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言水平相當(dāng)。教師可以用學(xué)生已學(xué)的單詞、短語(yǔ)、句型、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣或篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，也可以用即將接觸的語(yǔ)言。33.【參考設(shè)計(jì)】TeachingTopic:SkiingClassType:ReadingClassTeachingContents:Thislessonisfromseniorhighschool，anditmainlytalksaboutthefirstskiingexperienceofthewriteronChristmasvacation.Thislessonwillenlargestudents'vocabularyofnaturalphenomenonandhelpthemlearntoexpressthepastactions.Teachingobjectives:Knowledgeobjective:Inthereadingclass，studentscanlearnsomenewwordsandimportantexpressionsofthedescriptionoftheunforgettableskiingexperience.Abilityobjectives:1.Studentscanmastertheskillsabouthowtodescribeanunforgettableexperience.2.Studentscangraspthereadingskillsbyskimmingandscanningthetextandtalkaboutthepasttense.Emotionalobjectives:1.Strengthenprideandawareness.OfChinesetraditionalfestival.2.FostertheconfidenceandenthusiasmoflearningEnglish.KeyandDifficultPoints:Keypoint:Studentscanunderstandthewholepassageandretellitandknowhowtodescribeoneexperienceofthem.Difficultpoint:Howtogettheskillsofreading.TeachingMethod:Task-basedTeachingMethod,SituationalTeachingMethod，CommunicativeapproachTeachingAid:Multi-media，picturesofnaturaltouristareasTeachingProcedures:Step1Warmingup(3min)Freetalk:Theteacherwillshowsomepicturesaboutthefamousnaturaltouristareas,suchasGuilinSceneryinChina，YellowstoneNationalParkinUSandAlpineSkiFacilityinSwizerlandandthenaskstudentsaquestion:whatinformationcanyougetfromthepicture