Lesson8

AfamousmonasteryLesson8

AfamousmonasteryWarm-upActivity1.Doyouliketogoanaturalplaceorahistoricplace?Why?--relax/scenery/freshair/quiet/peaceful/exercise/experience/adventure/climbing/camp---historic/interesting/attractive/ancient/belocatedin/reflect/design/sacred/holy/worship/prayfor/god/2.Whatcanwelearnfromthehistoricplace?--thepast/thelesson/remember/avoidrepeatingthemistakes/educate/experience/lovethecountry/culture/ancientideas/developmentofcivilization/influenceonpeopleWarm-upActivity1.DoyoulikeBackgroundInformationFamousmonasteryGreatpassBackgroundInformationFamousmAfamousmonasterymonastery:asacredbuildingwheremonksliveconvent:asacredbuildingwherenunsliveAfamousmonasterymonastery:aAhospice

(宗教團體開辦的招待所）

fortravellerswasfoundedin1049bySaintBernardofMenthonandcametobenamedafterhiminthe16thcenturytokeepthepasssafefortravellers.Thehospiceoccupiestwobuildingsmadeofgreystone(builtin1899),whichprovidehotelservices.

TheGreatBernardMonasteryAhospice(宗教團體開辦的招待所）fortraThepassrunsnortheast-southwestthroughtheAlps.TheroadrunsthroughthepassandjoinsSwitzerlandtoItaly.Fromthenorth(Switzerland),theroutetothepassfollowstheDranseRivervalley,thenintothewildanddesolate(荒涼的)valley.TheGreatSt.BernardPassThepassrunsnortheast-southwChina’sfamousmonastery

ShaolinTemple（monastery）

isatSongShan,inDengfeng,HenanProvince,China.EverydaymanypeopleincludingforeignersvisitShaolinTemple.TheShaolintemple(monastery)hasaverylonghistory(foundedduringtheNorthernWeidynasty)andremainsoneofChina'soldestBuddhisttemples.ItisfamedforKungFu.China’sfamousmonasteryShaolChina’sfamouspassWhiletravelingthroughGansuProvince,wecameacrosstheJiayuPass–thelargestsectionofthewesternGreatWallofChina.ThepassrunsthroughcentralGansuactingasacorridor(走廊）forpeopletravelingbetweenDunhuangandLanzhou.China’sfamouspassWhiletravemonasteryn.寺院，修道院St.

Bernard圣伯納德Passn.關(guān)隘Watchdogn.看門狗Rashlyadv.莽撞地，冒失地Enclosuren.圍場，圈地Monkn.和尚Privacyn.清靜，隱居Skiern.滑雪者Eastern.復活節(jié)

Newwordsandexpressionsmonasteryn.寺院，修道院EnclosureVocabularyLearning★monastery

n.寺院，修道院

Convent

n.女修道會,

女修道院Monkn.和尚，僧侶

Nun

n.修女

Abbot

n.男修道院院長

abbess

n.女修道院院長

abbeyn.alargechurchtogetherwithagroupofbuildingsinwhichmonksornunsliveorlivedinthepast隱修院；修道院,(曾為修道院的大教堂)大教堂e.g.WestminsterAbbey威斯敏斯特教堂(西敏寺)

VocabularyLearning★monastery

★St.Bernard=SaintBernardSt=straitTaiwanStraitSt=streetWallStreetSt=saint1.Asaintisaholyperson,referstoanyChristianbeliever(allChristiansinheavenareconsideredtobesaints)2.averygood,kindpatientpersonSt.JohnSaintValentine’sDayShe’sasainttogoonlivingwiththatman.★St.Bernard=SaintBernard3.rash:n.Anareaofredspotsonaperson’sskin,causedbyillness.皮疹一種接觸傳染性皮疹A(yù)contactskinrash.

heatrash痱子e.g.Don'tberashinmakingyourdecision.Thinktwicebeforedoinganythingrash.

★rashly:adv.莽撞地，冒失地rash：adj.doingsthwithoutfirstthinking輕率的，魯莽的e.g.Sherashlypromisedtolendhimthemoney.rashnessn.[u]3.rash:n.Anareaofredspot1)圍場，圈地2)（信中的）附件enclosev.圍繞山上云霧繚繞-Themountainswereenclosedbymist.en-使…,成為…encourageendangerenslave★

enclosure:n.1)圍場，圈地★enclosure:n.

n.清靜，隱居-Idon’twantmyprivacytobedisturbed.n．隱私individualprivacyrightofprivacy★

privacy:n.★privacy:n.skiingsleigh雪橇snowboarding滑雪板skateboard滑板slide滑梯，幻燈片★

skier:n.滑雪者★skier:n.滑雪者DetailedStudyofthetextDetailedStudyofthetextTheGreatSt.BernardPass

connects

SwitzerlandtoItaly.At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,whichwasfoundedineleventhcentury,

liesaboutamileaway.Forhundredsofyears,St.BernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellerscrossingthedangerousPass.Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedaswatchdogseveninRomantimes.

TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnamedafterBernard,usedinmountainrescuework

Bernard

Meaning:St.BernardofMenthon:St.Bernarddog:

bear"Strong"or"Brave"asabear

asaintofmountaineersSt.BernarddogwithbarrelTheSt.Bernardswerebred(養(yǎng)）

largeenoughtotraverse(穿越)

deepsnowandtoscent(嗅出…的氣)dafterBernard,usedPassn.1.aplacethroughmountainswhichisverydifficulttocross關(guān)口；關(guān)隘；山路2.asuccessfulresultinanexam及格，通過3.anofficialdocumentortickettheshowsyouhavetherighttoenter通行證--TheJiayupassisoneofthemostdangerous.--ShegotapassinFrench.她法語考試及格了。--Nooneisallowedtoenterwithoutapass.Passn.Pass

v.1:togoby2:givesthtosbbyputtingitintotheirhands3:togobeyond;surpass,exceed4:togothrough(asatest)successfully5:togiveapprovalto6:tolet(astimeoraperiodoftime)goby7:toemitordischargefromabodilypart--Theypassthelibraryeverymorningontheirwaytoschool.--Hepassed

theballtoOwen.--She

passedtwootherrunnersjustbeforethefinishline.--Shehasn’tpassedthedrivingtestyet.--Thecommittee

passedthelaw.--Thehourspassedquickly.--Thedrugpassesquicklyintothebloodstream.Passv.1:togobyConnect1.tojoinorfastentogetherusuallybysomething2.toplaceorestablishinrelationship.--Ahallwayconnectsthetworooms.--It'sthemajorhighwayconnectingthetwotowns.--Thetwobonesconnectattheelbow.--Ineverconnectyouwiththatgroupofpeople.Connect1.connect…to把...與…連接在一起翻譯：①北京和上海之間有一條鐵路相連。

ThereisarailwayconnectingBeijingtoShanghai.

2.connect...with把...與某事聯(lián)系在一起

②我不能把這張照片和Mary聯(lián)系起來。

Ican’tconnectthispicturewithMary.③這兩門學科緊密相連。

Thetwosubjectsarecloselyconnected.

connect1.connect…to把...與…連接在一起connectv.連接(萬能)contactn./v.(與人聯(lián)系)relatev.聯(lián)系（抽象）keepincontact/losecontactwithsb.eyecontactlenses-犯罪率的上升和失業(yè)率上升緊密相連。-Theriseincrimesrelatescloselytotheincreaseinunemployment.connect/contact/relateconnect/contact/relateLie（lay,lain)1.tobeortostayinaposition；tobesituatedinaparticularplace

--Hewaslyingonhisback.--Thetownliesinavalley.--Hisrealinterestliesinmusic.liev.(lies,lying,lied,lied)~(tosb)(aboutsth)tosayorwritesththatyouknowisnottrue說謊，撒謊lay

v.(laid,laid)toputsb./sthinaparticularposition,especiallywhenitisdowngentlyorcarefully(尤指輕輕地或小心地)放置，安放Lie（lay,lain)watchdog

n.afiercedogkepttoguardproperty看門狗，看家狗apersonororganizationthattriestoguardagainststealing,wastefuluseofpublicmoney,undesirablepractices,etc.監(jiān)視者；監(jiān)視機構(gòu)e.g.監(jiān)督電視廣告是否符合標準的政府機構(gòu)

agovernmentwatchdogontelevisionadvertisingstandardswatchdogn.watchdog--watchdog-n.看家狗--watch-hour-n.值班時間--watchhouse-n.哨所,崗亭--watchman-n.看守人,警衛(wèi)員--watchroom-n.值班室--watchtower-n.崗樓,了望塔--keepwatch值班,看守,照料--keepclosewatchon密切注視--onwatch值班,監(jiān)視watchdog--watchdog-n.看家狗Leadadog’slifeDieadog’sdeathKeep/walkadogWorklikeadogTreatsblikeadogBarkingdogsdonotbite.Loveme,lovemydog.Beatthedogbeforethelion.Everydoghashisday.過窮困潦倒的生活慘死養(yǎng)、溜狗拼命工作不把某人當人看吠狗不咬人愛屋及烏殺雞儆猴大家都有走運Aluckdog幸運兒Leadadog’slife過窮困潦倒的生活A(yù)lNowthat

atunnelhasbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassislessdangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewho

rashly

attempttocrossthePassonfoot.Nowthatatunnelhasbeenbuinowthatconj.

becausethethingmentionedishappeningorhasjusthappened既然；由于

e.g.1)Nowthatthekidshavelefthomewehavegotalotofextraspace.孩子們都離開家了，我們住著就更寬綽了。2)既然約翰來了，我們就可以開始了。

Now(that)John’sarrived,wecanbegin.3)既然你長大了,就不應(yīng)該依靠你的父母。Nowthatyouaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.nowthatconj.

becausethet--Nowthatyou’vegrownup,Icantellyouaboutthat.--Themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.--Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.--Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.

【辨】because,since,as,for,nowthat--Nowthatyou’vegrownup,Ibecause，since，as均表“因為，由于”1)其中because語氣最強，since次之，as最弱；

回答why的問題只能用because。e.g.-Sowhyworry？-Becauseit’smyresponsibility.because，since，as均表“因為，由于”2)Since常表已知事實“既然”，引導從句多置于主句前,作“自從”后面還可以跟完成時。

Sinceyouknowit’sjustnumber，youwillnotaddthisQQnumber.3)As較口語化，原因更明顯，引導從句置于主句前。(L12)Asthereweresomanypeopleabout，thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.2)Since常表已知事實“既然”，引導從句多置于主句前,作4）for常用于書面語，于句尾，語氣弱。（L11）Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,

foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.5）nowthat既然，由于（引導原因狀語從句）-Now（that）I’mhere,I’dbetterstay.(句首，在口語中that可省)4）for常用于書面語，于句尾，語氣弱。1.(07陜西18)—

whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?—1978，Isuppose.A.Since B.In C.FromD.After2.(08北京23)—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto-

I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unless C.whenD.becauseAD1.(07陜西18)ADdespite=inspiteofprep.

不管，不論，盡管e.g.Despite/Inspiteofthebadweather,theywentoutasplanned.Shewenttothepartydespitethefactthatthedoctorhadtoldhertorest.Hehadabiglunchdespitehavingjusthadbreakfast.though連詞(接句子)Though

itwasraining,theywentoutasplanned.despite=inspiteofprep.不管whenever=nomatterwhen

無論什么時候wherever,however,whoever,whichever,whatevere.g.1)Youcancallmewheneveryoulike.你可以隨時打電話給我。

2)無論誰來都會受到歡迎。Whoevercomes,hewillbewelcomed.

3)不管發(fā)生什么事，都不要改變你的計劃。

Whateverhappens,don’tchangeyourplan.

4)每當我不高興時，他都會給我鼓勁。

WheneverIamunhappy,hewillcheermeup.

5)無論我走到哪里，她都跟著我。

WhereverIgo,shewillfollowme.whenever=nomatterwhen無論什么indifficulty處境困難,有困難；陷入困境e.g.Weshouldhelpthosewhoareindifficulty.我們應(yīng)該幫助那些有困難的人。bein+n.表示“處于……狀態(tài)”e.g.beinluxury/misery生活奢華/悲慘處在麻煩中欠債絕望地沮喪地哭著身體好狀況好愛上某人introubleindebtindespairindismayintearsingoodhealthingoodconditioninlovewithsb.indifficulty處境困難,有困難；陷入困境iindifficulty處境困難,有困難；陷入困境e.g.Weshouldhelpthosewhoareindifficulty.我們應(yīng)該幫助那些有困難的人。詞組：havedifficultyindoingsth.做某事有困難。

withoutdifficulty毫不費勁地翻譯：1)Ihadnodifficulty(in)makingmyselfunderstood.

我毫不費力地表達了自己的意思。

2)我們輕而易舉就找到了這所房子。

Wefoundthehousewithoutdifficulty.indifficulty處境困難,有困難；陷入困境attemptattempttodo

v.努力；嘗試=trytodoe.g.(1)我將努力回答你的全部問題。

Iwillattempttoanswerallyourquestions.(2)不要試圖自己修理這塊手表。

Donotattempttorepairthiswatchyourself.attempt+n.(3)囚犯企圖逃跑，但失敗了。

Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.n.makean~todosth.e.g.他們企圖逃跑。

Theymadeanattempttoescape.attemptattempttodov.努力；嘗試Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedbythousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassincars.Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.Thetemperaturedropsto--30oandveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.Duringthesummermonths,theAstherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.

aboutadv.在近處，附近；近旁

lookaboutgoaboutrunaboutwanderabout到處看到處走到處跑到處閑逛=aroundAstherearesomanypeopleabThetemperaturedropsto-30andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.drop

v.下降表數(shù)量減少：decrease/decline/descend/fall表數(shù)量增加：increase/rise/jump/rocketThetemperaturedropsto-30ae.g.ThetemperatureofsummerinChongqingjumpsto40centigradeandveryfewpeopleattempttogoout.e.g.ThetemperatureofsummerThemonkspreferwintertosummeroftheyhavemoreprivacy.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofmountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcomeatSt.Bernard'smonastery.Themonkspreferwintertosum

Themonkspreferwintertosummerfortheyhavemoreprivacy.preferAtoBpreferdoingAtodoingBPrefertodo/doingPrefertodosth.ratherthando/doing

Themonkspreferwintertosu-Forrestpreferstorunningratherthanwalk.寧死不屈prefertodieratherthansurrender-ForrestpreferstorunningraPrivacy:1.thestateofbeingaloneornotdisturbedbyotherpeople.--Anindividual’srighttoprivacy

shouldbeprotected.--Ineedsome

heprivacy私下地Privacy:Wander:1.tomoveaboutanywherewithoutapurpose--Iwasjustwanderingaroundthehouse.--Theywandered

downthestreet.--Studentswerewandering

thehalls.Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.Wander:ThedogshavegreaterfCompare:wander,roam&ramble1)wander-vi.漫步閑逛（無目的或固定路線的閑蕩，可以指人或物）--wanderaboutovertheworld漫游世界--wanderthroughthewoods徘徊于林中2)roam-v.漫游,閑逛,徜徉（長時間無目的）--“Herdsofhorsesandcattleroamedatwillovertheplain”“大群牛馬無拘無束地在草原上漫步”3)ramble-v.漫游（無目的漫步；講話離題）--Theywouldgoofftogether,ramblingalongtheriver”“他們將一同出發(fā)，沿著河流漫步”

Compare:wander,roam&ramble

TheonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogothereatChristmasandEaster.

Apartyof一群AcommunityofmonksAfloodofrefugeesAgalaxyofbeauties

TheonlyregularvisitorstoRegular

1.orderly;doneorhappeningoften均勻的呼吸正常的心跳定期會議常事慣犯?？头€(wěn)定的工作regularbreathingregularheartbeatregularmeetingregularoccurrence

regularoffendersregularcustomers固定的收入aregularjobaregularincomeRegular1.orderly;doneorParty:1:asocialoccasion,atwhichpeopleeat,drink,talk,danceandenjoythemselves.2.apoliticalorganizationwhosemembershavethesameaimsandideas.3.agroupofpeoplewhoaredoingsthtogethersuchastravellingorvisitingsomewhere.4.oneofpeopleorgroupsofpeopleinvolvedinalegalagreement.--Abirthdayparty

/theLabourParty/A

party

oftourists/thetwopartiesinthemarriagecontract--Wearehavingahighschooldanceparty.--Thepartiesinthelawsuitreachedasettlement.Party:Easter:the