1、Unit 9 Marine B/L(一）基本要求了解：Electronic Delivery of Marine Bills of Lading 熟悉：General Concept of Marine Bills of Lading, Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading 掌握：Functions of Marine Bills of Lading, Types of Marine Bills of Lading（二）考試內容：1. General Concept of Marine Bills of Lading 2. Functions of Marine

2、B/L3.Types of Marine Bills of Lading4. Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading5. Electronic Delivery of Marine Bills of Lading一、 General concept of Marine Bills General concept of Marine Bills of Lading of Lading 海運提單的一般概念 ( (考試重點) ) 1-1課文：Marine Bills of lading are used primarily in international sales o

3、f goods where the carriage of goods is by sea. 注釋：marine bills of lading: 海運提單 primarily: 首先，起初，主要地 international sales of goods:國際貨物的銷售 carriage: 運輸 翻譯：海運提單主要用于國際貨物銷售的海上運輸中。 1-2 課文：（海運提單的定義，必須掌握) Definitions（ 定義 ） of the Bill of Lading vary from （不同 ）country to country. Broadly, the bill of lading

4、has been defined as receipt for goods shipped on board a ship, signed by the person (or his agent) contracts to carry them, and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship. 注釋：broadly: 寬廣地，廣泛, 總體而言 on board: 在船上 stating: 陳述，申明 翻譯：每個國家對于提單的定義各有不同。總體而言，提單是貨物裝船的收據;它由

5、達成貨物運輸協議的承運人簽字，上有貨物送到船上及被船方接收的條款。 1-3 課文：It is not the actual contract, but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract. 注釋：actual:實際的，真實的 excellent: 極好的，卓越的 evidence: 證據，憑證 翻譯翻譯：提單不是實際的合同，但卻構成據以履行合同條款極好的保證。 備注備注：我國海商法對提單的定義：提單，是指用以證明海上貨物運輸合同和貨物已經由承運人接收或者裝船，以及承運人保證據以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物，

6、或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物，或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款，構成承運人據以交付貨物的保證。二、Functions of the Marine Bills of Lading 海運提單的作用 海洋提單的三個作用(考試重點) 1.Receipt for the goods shipped 貨物裝船的收據 課文：A bill of lading is a receipt issued （簽發 ）by a carrier （ 承運人 ）that an identifiable consignment of goods has been received by him for shipment, or

7、 actually loaded on board his ship. 注釋：receipt: 收據 identifiable:可以確認的 consignment: (貨物的)交托，交貨，發貨，運送 翻譯翻譯： 提單是由承運人簽發的有關承運人已接管提單所明確記載的貨物或將貨物裝船的證明。 課文:The bill of lading as a receipt will show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded, ships name, port of loading, the destination, details of date

8、and so on（等等）. 注釋：condition: 條件，環境 ，情形 destination: 目的地 details:詳細資料 翻譯：提單作為收據將會列明所裝載貨物的數量和情況，船舶的名稱，裝運港，目的地，以及詳細的日期等等。 2.Document of title to the goods. 貨物的物權憑證 課文：A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods. The possession of a bill of lading is equivalent in law to possession of the goods

9、. 注釋：document of title:物權憑證 possession：所有，所有權，持有，占有 equivalent:相等的，相當的，同意義的 翻譯：提單是貨物的物權憑證。持有提單在法律上等同于持有貨物。 課文：The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain （獲得，得到）delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit（運輸，運送） the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lad

10、ing. 注釋：holder: 持有者，所有者 be able to: 能夠 port of destination：目的港 merely:僅僅，只不過 endorse:背書，在(票據)背面簽名，認可 翻譯：提單的持有者可以在目的港提取貨物并且在貨物的運輸期間可以僅僅通過背書提單將貨物賣掉。 3.Evidence of contract 合同的證明 課文：Additionally, the terms （條款 ）of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and t

11、he shipper. The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract. 注釋：additionally:另外，加之，又 provide:提供，規定 evidence:證據，證明 翻譯：另外，提單的條款也為承運人與托運人之間運輸合同提供了證明。提單的條款包含了合同中的條款。三、Types of Marine Bills of Lading 海運提單的類型 (考試重點) 3-1 Order Bills of Lading 指示提單1. Order bills are issued by carriers to t

12、he order of shipper or consignee. 指示提單是由承運人簽發給指定的托運人或者收貨人。2.The carrier, shipowner, charterer or master （ 船長）will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely （獨自地，單獨地 ）to the named consignee, but to any person designated （指定的，派定的）by him. 承運人、船東、租船人或者船長將在目的港交貨，不用單獨交付給指定的收貨人，可交付給任何其指定的人。 3

13、. An order bill of lading is a negotiable document（可轉讓單據）. 一份指示提單是一份可轉讓單據。4. Order bills made out （填寫，書寫，說明）to consignee “or order” can be transferred（轉讓，過戶） by endorsement（背書）. 提單載明收貨人或“由某人指示”的指示提單可通過收貨人或指示人背書進行轉讓。 3-2 Straight Bills of Lading 記名提單 1.In contrast with（對比，和.形成對比） the order bills of l

14、ading, straight bills are those made out to named consignees without the addition of the words “or order”. 翻譯： 與指示提單相比，記名提單載明指定的收貨人而沒有附加“由某人指示”的措辭。 2.Straight bills of lading is not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties（第三方）. 翻譯：記名提單是不可轉讓的，不能轉讓給第三方。 3.Delivery of goods can only be ta

15、ken by the named consignee. 翻譯：只能由指定的收貨人提取貨物。 3-3 Shipped Bills of Lading 已裝船提單 1. Shipped bills state（陳述，表明 ） definitely （明確地，干脆地）that the goods have been loaded, it confirms（確定，確認） that the goods are actually（實際上，事實上） on board the vessel. 翻譯：已裝船提單明確表明貨物已裝船，確定貨物已實際裝上船舶。 2.Most bills of lading forms

16、 are printed as shipped bills and commence with （從.開始）wording: “Shipped in apparent（外觀的） good order and condition.” 翻譯：大部分提單格式都會被打印成已裝船提單格式并且標注“已裝船外表狀況明顯良好“的措辭。3-4 Received for shipment Bills of Lading （收貨待運提單） 1.Received for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment, and d

17、o not indicate（指出，顯示) the actual date of loading. 翻譯：收貨待運提單表明貨物已經收貨待運，但是不顯示實際的裝載日期。 2.The received for shipment bill of lading grew up （成長，發展）because with the development（發展） of the liner services（班輪運輸業務 ） it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it

18、was actually loaded. 翻譯：收貨待運提單因班輪運輸業務的發展而成長起來的并逐漸成為慣例，船東在實際裝載期之前幾個小時甚至幾天收到貨物。 3-5 Direct Bills of Lading 直達提單 課文：Direct bills of lading are those covering shipments between direct ports of loading or discharge. 翻譯：翻譯：直達提單是貨物從裝運港直接運至目的港卸貨的提單。 特點：貨物從裝貨港受載后，中途不經換船，直接運至目的港卸船交付貨物的提單。 3-6 Through Bills of

19、 Lading 聯運提單 1.Through bills of lading cover shipment from or to ports involving （包括，涉及）transport by two or more shipping or railways （鐵道，鐵路）companies. 翻譯：聯運提單是由兩個或者兩個以上的海運或鐵路運輸公司負責貨物從或者至多個港口間的運輸。 注釋： shipping company: 海運公司 2.The shipping company, for additional （額外的，附加的）freight, undertakes （承擔，保證）t

20、o make all arrangements （安排）to get the goods to their destination. 翻譯：海運公司將承擔額外的運費保證貨物到達目的地。 3-7 Clean versus Foul Bills of Lading 清潔提單和不清潔提單 1.Clean bill of lading 清潔提單 課文：The clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages（損壞 ）, irregularities （異常 ）or short sh

21、ipment, usually the words “apparent good order and condition”, “clean on board” or the like are indicated （顯示，表明）on the B/L. 注釋：short shipment: 短裝 clean on board: 清潔已裝船 翻譯：清潔提單載明貨物受貨時無損壞，無異常或無短裝現象，通常提單上注明“貨物外表狀態良好”，“清潔已裝船”或類似的字樣。 2.Foul Bills of Lading 2.Foul Bills of Lading 不清潔提單不清潔提單 課課文：文：The fou

22、l bill of lading - unclean bill of lading, dirty The foul bill of lading - unclean bill of lading, dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading -is the opposite of the bill of lading or claused bill of lading -is the opposite of the clean bill of lading. It bears an indication that the goods were

23、clean bill of lading. It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages, irregularities or short shipment, usually received with damages, irregularities or short shipment, usually the words “unclean on board” or the like are indicated on the the words “unclean on board” or the like ar

24、e indicated on the B/L, for example, “insufficient packing”, “missing safety seal” B/L, for example, “insufficient packing”, “missing safety seal” and “one cartonand “one carton（紙箱紙箱） short”.short”. 注釋：注釋：opposite: opposite: 相對的，對立的，相反的相對的，對立的，相反的 insufficient packing: insufficient packing: 包裝不良包裝不良

25、 safety seal: safety seal: 安全封條安全封條 翻譯：不翻譯：不清潔提單是與清潔提單相對立的提單。提單上載明貨清潔提單是與清潔提單相對立的提單。提單上載明貨物受貨時有損壞，有異常或短裝，通常會標注物受貨時有損壞，有異常或短裝，通常會標注“不清潔已裝船不清潔已裝船”或類似的字樣，比如或類似的字樣，比如“包裝不良包裝不良”，“缺少安全封條缺少安全封條”或或“一一箱短裝箱短裝”等字等字樣。樣。歷年考題分析歷年考題分析 1.Which of the following terms on the B/L shows 1.Which of the following terms o

26、n the B/L shows that the bill of lading is clean B/L. (that the bill of lading is clean B/L. () ) A. insufficient packingA. insufficient packing B. one carton shortB. one carton short C. in apparent good order and conditionC. in apparent good order and condition D. missing safety sealD. missing safe

27、ty seal 答答案：案：C C 分分析：清潔提單指沒有任何有關貨物殘損、包裝不良或析：清潔提單指沒有任何有關貨物殘損、包裝不良或其他有礙于結匯的批注的提單。提單正面已印有其他有礙于結匯的批注的提單。提單正面已印有“外表外表狀況明顯良好狀況明顯良好”的詞句，若承運人或其代理人在簽發提的詞句，若承運人或其代理人在簽發提單時未加任何相反的批注，則表明承運人確認貨物裝船單時未加任何相反的批注，則表明承運人確認貨物裝船時外表狀況良好的這一事實。其他三項表明提單上加注時外表狀況良好的這一事實。其他三項表明提單上加注有貨物及包裝狀況不良或存在缺陷。有貨物及包裝狀況不良或存在缺陷。2. ( ) are t

28、hose covering shipment between direct 2. ( ) are those covering shipment between direct ports of loading and discharge. ports of loading and discharge. A. Shipped bills of ladingA. Shipped bills of lading B. Clean bills of ladingB. Clean bills of lading C. Straight bills of ladingC. Straight bills o

29、f lading D. Direct bills of ladingD. Direct bills of lading 答答案：案：D D 分分析：貨物在裝運港直接運到卸貨港的提單是直達提析：貨物在裝運港直接運到卸貨港的提單是直達提單單Direct bills of ladingDirect bills of lading 3.The ( ) can not be transferred to third 3.The ( ) can not be transferred to third parties.parties. A. straight B/LA. straight B/L B. di

30、rect B/LB. direct B/L C. shipped B/LC. shipped B/L D. order B/LD. order B/L 答案：答案：A A 分析：記名提單指定了收貨人，是不可轉讓的，分析：記名提單指定了收貨人，是不可轉讓的，也不能轉讓給第三方。也不能轉讓給第三方。 4. A foul bill of lading means that the bill of 4. A foul bill of lading means that the bill of lading is very dirty. ( ) lading is very dirty. ( ) 答答案

31、：錯案：錯 分分析：不清潔提單是在提單上載明對貨物的不良批注，析：不清潔提單是在提單上載明對貨物的不良批注，比如短裝，包裝不良等，并不是說提單不干比如短裝，包裝不良等，并不是說提單不干凈。凈。 5. Shipped in apparent good order and condition 5. Shipped in apparent good order and condition means that the vessel looks very good. (means that the vessel looks very good. () ) 答答案：錯案：錯 分分析：析：“Shipped

32、 in apparent good order and Shipped in apparent good order and condition”condition”，是指裝船貨物表面狀況良好，并不是指船，是指裝船貨物表面狀況良好，并不是指船舶看上去很好。舶看上去很好。Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading Drawing up Marine Bills of Lading 海運提單的起草海運提單的起草( (考試重點考試重點) ) 1-1 1-1 課文：課文：A marine bill of lading can be drawn up in A marine bi

33、ll of lading can be drawn up in a variety of ways, but it is nearly always prepareda variety of ways, but it is nearly always prepared（準備）（準備） on a pre-printed form. This form may on a pre-printed form. This form may relate to a specific or to a general cargo trade.relate to a specific or to a gener

34、al cargo trade. 注注釋：釋：draw up: draw up: 草擬，起草草擬，起草 variety: variety:變化，多樣性，種類變化，多樣性，種類 nearly: nearly: 幾乎，密切地幾乎，密切地 pre-printed: pre-printed: 預先印好的預先印好的 relate to: relate to:涉及涉及 翻譯：翻譯：一份海運提單可以以多種方式起草，但是幾乎都采一份海運提單可以以多種方式起草，但是幾乎都采用預定格式。這些格式可能涉及到特殊或者一般貨物貿易用預定格式。這些格式可能涉及到特殊或者一般貨物貿易。1-2 課文：Whatever its

35、form, a bill of lading may contain （包含 ）some main elements, such as quantity of cargo, accurate cargo description and condition, date of the bill of lading, names of shipper and consignee, ports of loading and discharging, ships name, terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.注釋：whatev

36、er:無論怎樣的，無論哪一種的 element: 要素，元素，成分 accurate:正確的，精確的 description：描述，形容 condition:狀態，情形 payment of freight:運費的支付翻譯：無論格式如何，提單所包含的內容大同小異，例如貨物的數量，貨物確切的品名和狀態，提單簽發的日期，托運人和收貨人的名稱，裝貨港和卸貨港，船名，貨物運輸的條款和條件，以及運費的支付。 提單通常包括正面記載事項和背面條款兩個部分，正面的事項包括： 1. 船名(Ships name) 2. 承運人(Carrier) 3. 托運人(Shipper) 4. 收貨人(Consignee)

37、5. 通知方(Notify Party) 6. 裝貨港 (Port of Loading) 7. 卸貨港 (Port of Discharging) 8. 貨物的名稱 (Description) 9. 標志 (Marks) 10. 包件的數量和種類(Number and kind of Packages) 11. 重量和體積 (Weight or Measurement) 12. 運費和其他費用 (Freight and other Charges) 13. 貨物外表狀態 (Cargos Apparent Order and Condition)1-3 1-3 課文：課文：The ships

38、port agent, in fact, may be given the taskThe ships port agent, in fact, may be given the task（任務，作業）（任務，作業） of drawing up bills of lading. If these are of drawing up bills of lading. If these are subsequently required for letter of credit subsequently required for letter of credit （信用證）（信用證）transac

39、tions, it is useful that the agent be supplied with transactions, it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriateappropriate（適當的）（適當的） details of that letter of credit so that details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in wordingall relevant material can

40、be included in wording（措詞）（措詞）. .注注釋：釋：port agent: port agent: 港口代理港口代理 subsequently: subsequently: 后來，隨后后來，隨后 transaction: transaction:辦理，處理，交易辦理，處理，交易 useful: useful:有用的，有益的有用的，有益的 supply: supply: 提供，供給提供，供給 relevant: relevant:有關的，相應的有關的，相應的 material: material: 資料，資料，素材素材翻譯：翻譯：實際上，承運人可委托港口代理來制作提單。

41、如果以后的信用證交實際上，承運人可委托港口代理來制作提單。如果以后的信用證交易也需要使用提單，應給代理適當提供有關信用證的消息資料，這樣在提易也需要使用提單，應給代理適當提供有關信用證的消息資料，這樣在提單的措詞中就可以包含所有的相關資料。單的措詞中就可以包含所有的相關資料。1-4 課文：The main parties on a bill of lading are Shipper, Consignee, Notify Party and Carrier.提單上主要的當事人包括：托運人，收貨人，通知方和承運人。1.托運人：課文：The shipper is the person, usual

42、ly the exporter, who sends the goods. 托運人一般為出口商，即發送貨物的一方。2.收貨人課文：Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods. 收貨人是指有權接受貨物的一方。3.承運人課文：Carrier is the person or company who has conclude a contract（訂立合同） with the shipper for carriage of goods. 承運人即與托運人就貨物運輸事宜訂立合同的人或公司 4. 通知方課文：

43、Notify Party（通知方） is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination. 通知方即在貨物到達目的港后需要承運人告知貨物已到港的一方。1-5 課文：The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing （通知，告知 ）the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point, number of packages（包，包裹） and other information.注釋

44、：arrival notice: 到貨通知 discharge point:卸貨地點翻譯：承運人簽發貨物到港通知為通知方提供有關卸貨地點，包數和其他方面的信息。1-6 課文：It is important to date bills of lading correctly（恰當地，正確地）, and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded.注釋：important:重要的，重大的 date: 注明的日期 翻譯：正確注明提單的日期是很重要的，并且每個日期應為貨物實際裝載的日期1-7 課文：Cargo quantity and c

45、ondition should also be adequately and correctly described （描述，記述）in the bills of lading.注釋：adequately: 充分地 翻譯：貨物的數量和狀況也應當充分正確地在提單上載明。 1-8 課文：Relevant comments should be entered in either tally （理貨 ）or mates receipts, and thereafter in bills of lading. 注釋：relevant:有關的，相應的 comment:注釋，評論，意見 enter in:

46、錄入，進入 either or : 不是就是，或 thereafter:其后，從那時以后 翻譯：有關的批注應當記入理貨或者大副收據，并且也應在隨后的提單中注明。海運提單的電子交付 (考試重點) 課文： The Bill of Lading software （軟件）can also be used to create, view, e-mail, and print a formatted bill of lading. 注釋：create 創作，生成，制作 view: 察看，觀看 formatted:有格式的 翻譯：相關提單的軟件可以用于提單的制作，察看，發電子郵件，以及打印一定格式的提單。 課文: An easy-to use online bill of lading generator will save time and provide the documents instantly. 翻譯：在線的電子提單不僅能夠節省時間，而且可以很快提供相關單據。 課文：The electronic