1、3.1Business topic: Starting a business3.2 Business skills: Leaving and taking messagesModule 33.1 Business topic: Starting a business sole trader sul獨立法人，獨立經銷 partnership p:tnip合伙經營 franchise frntaiz 連鎖店，特許經銷權，特許經營Vocabulary: Types of businessHere are three different ways to start your own business.

2、 Work in pairs and think of one advantage and one disadvantage for each approach. Sole trader you are self-employed and set up the business on your own. Partnership you are self-employed and start the business with another person. You are both equally liable. Franchise you buy a license to trade und

3、er the name of the franchiser and you benefit from the franchisers expertise.Vocabulary: Types of businessAdvantage Disadvantage Sole trader You take all the profit If you go bankrupt,You lose everything partnership You share the pressure You might disagree on strategy Franchise The business model i

4、s given to you so there is less trick. Part of your profits goes to the franchiser. entrepreneurial spirit 企業家精神進取精神 granting of a licence 同意發給許可證 charge ones own prices 自行定價收費Vocabulary: we wanna hold your hand profit margin prfit mrdn利潤率，利潤幅度，利差 credit rating kredit信用度，信用評級 franchise agreement 特許協

5、議 brand name brnd品牌名稱 financial assistance fainnl sstns金融支持Vocabulary: we wanna hold your hand franchisee n. ,frntazi (公司的分店、零售店或聯號商店的）特許經營者，加盟者 trademark n. tred,mrk商標 ludicrous adj. ludkrs荒謬的，可笑的 menu content 菜單的內容 solicitor n. slst律師 Vocabulary: We wanna hold your hand branch out使分支出來，拓展業務 launch

6、 vt. lnt開辦（新企業） invest vt. nvst投資 venture n. vnt投機活動；商業冒險；（為盈利而投資其中的）風險公司 Vocabulary: we wanna hold your hand We wanna hold your hand 我們愿與你攜手創業 Take a big piece of business sense, add some entrepreneurial spirit and voila! You have a franchise. Starting up a fanchise could be a very clever move for

7、those who want to run their own show but dont have the experience or the desire to set up in the dangerous and often short-lived world of the sole trader.如果想自己開店，大展身手卻又苦于缺乏經驗，同時又不想在這個充滿風險的曇花一現的獨立法世界中立足，那么開家連鎖店不失為一個明智之舉。 But its vital to know what youre getting into. Franchising is the granting of a

8、licence by one person (the franchisor) to another (the franchisee) which entitles the franchisee to trade under the trademark or trade name of the franchisor and to make use of an entire package.特許經營就是 由一方（授予特許經營者）授權允許另一方（加盟特許經營者）使用其商標或商號，并使用其一攬子經營理念。So is the main concept behind a franchise that of

9、 a compromise between setting up on your own and working for a company? Absolutely not, says Dan Archer, head of marketing at the British Franchise Association. Thats a ludicrous over-simplification. It is running your own business, but its taking away some of the risk and bringing in the support of

10、 other people. He points out that only 0.9% of franchises fail, compared with the majority of individually owned businesses.那么特許經營背后所隱藏的主要理念是否結合了自己獨立開店和為公司打工這兩種理念？ But being a franchisee is unlikely to satisfy the most entrepreneurial. It doesnt suit people who dont want to follow the system. Willia

11、m Ewbank, the head of franchise sales at Dominos Pizza, says, If youre massively entrepreneurial this isnt for you. Its a discipline, a club with rules. There is some independence - our franchisees can charge their own prices although were strict on menu content. Its running a business with help.如果你

12、充滿開創冒險的精神，這種形式不適合于你。它是一種原則規約，一個必須遵守規則的倶樂部。雖說有一定的獨立性我們的特許經銷商可以自己制定價格表，但我們對菜單的內容要求非常嚴格。這是在幫助下經營公司。” BackAstrid Patil, a new Dominos franchisee, abandoned a career as a solicitor to set up a franchise with her husband. The way she reasons it is this: Rather than putting all your time and effort into wo

13、rking for someone else, put it into your own business. Leaving a well-paid, well-respected profession to run a pizza shop at the age of 31 has worked for Patil. Theres a good profit margin and the business has seen growth. Of course if you do decide to go it alone and start a business from nothing,

14、you could always branch out into franchising.帕狄爾三十一歲時放棄了薪水可觀、受人尊敬的律師職業，轉而經營這家比薩店，并獲得回報。公司收益頗豐，業務出現了增長。Back Archer says there is now a growth in the number of younger companies that are trying to launch new franchises. An incredible number of individuals are coming in at a younger age with lower capi

15、tal, getting a return and investing in bigger ventures. If the initial fee can be raised its an ideal opportunity to stretch those entrepreneurial wings.想要設立特許經營店的新公司數目與日俱增。“加入這個隊伍的人 數多得令人難以置信，他們年齡越來越小，投資越來越少，他們獲得回報后進行更 大的風險投資。”如果能夠募集到起步經費，開設自己的特許經營店，就為冒險家一展身手提供了理想機會。 BackSetting up your own busines

16、sSetting up your own business Becoming a franchiseeBecoming a franchiseegood if you have plenty of good if you have plenty of business experiencebusiness experienceGood if you dont have much Good if you dont have much business experiencebusiness experiencevery high-riskvery high-riskLess risky than

17、being a sole Less risky than being a sole tradertradermany new businesses fall (nine many new businesses fall (nine out of ten)out of ten)Only 0.9% of franchises fail.Only 0.9% of franchises fail.suits people who dont like to suits people who dont like to follow rulesfollow rulesYou have business re

18、lationship You have business relationship with someone else.with someone else.for very independent peoplefor very independent peopleDoesnt suit people who dont like Doesnt suit people who dont like to follow other system/people.to follow other system/people.has the potential ti become a has the pote

19、ntial ti become a franchise franchise Offer some independence and Offer some independence and you dont work for sb else.you dont work for sb else. luggage n. 行李行李 online database 網上數據庫網上數據庫 subscription n. 訂購，訂閱訂購，訂閱 laptop n. 手提電腦，便攜式電腦手提電腦，便攜式電腦 VocabularyTags that can end misery of lost luggage G

20、lobalbagtag was (0) set up six years ago by husband-and-wife team Chris and Alison Truelove on their return from a holiday in Australia. The couple decided to(1)_ G, which sells secure tags which travelers attach to their luggage. They started to (2)_ 9.95 per tag in the first year, followed by a 2.

21、95 subscription (3)_for the following years. Customers activate the tag online with their home address on an online database. If luggage is lost, the person who finds it can log on to the Globalbagtag website and report the missing items. Mr. Truelove said: “We have seen a huge (4)_in orders as trav

22、elers realize they cannot rely on the airlines to look after their bags. It is actually a very simple (5)_, Globalbagtag is now planning to (6)_into stickers for items including mobile phones, MP3 players, key and laptops.” 2. Now read about another small business. Complete the text with the underli

23、ned words in bold from the article on franchising on page 26. Listening 1 Advice on franchises You must be someone who likes to follow rules and have support from others Choose a strong brand and something you are interested in You need start-up capital 1. Listen to a trainer doing a seminar on bein

24、g an entrepreneur. What advice does the trainer give?1. In general its important when you are thinking of.2. Secondly, Id say make sure that the brands are strong.3. For example, making and selling pizzas might be profitable but4. I also think you need to like hard work.5. Finally, theres the money.

25、 You 2. Listen again to the talk. Write in the missing expressionsListening scriptT=Trainer M=ManT: So. Thats end of my talk. Are there any questions? Yes?M: Thanks for your talk. It was very interesting. Ive been thinking of starting myown business and I wondered what you thought of franchises.T: T

26、hats a good question. In general, its important when you are thinking of becoming a franchisee to be someone who likes to follow rules and have support form others. Entrepreneurs tend to be people who dont like following tried and tested routes, so if you dont like doing what other people want, then

27、 franchising isnt for you. Secondly, Id say make sure that the brand is strong and that its something you are interested in. For example, making and selling pizzas might be profitable but do you want to be doing it for the next five years? I also think you need to like hard work. People shouldnt thi

28、nk that running a franchise is less work than being a sole trader. Finally, theres the money. You still need start up capital. This can be as low as five thousand pounds and as high as two hundred and thirty thousand pounds for a well-known brand like Dominos Pizza.Listening 2 Planning a seminar 1.

29、Listen to a message on a voicemail about a seminar. Complete the information on this message pad. Business Circle Conferencing Name: Mr. Ray(1)_ Name of event:(2)_ He cant come to the buffet on (3)_ because his train doesnt arrive until after(4)_. Please send the schedule to his email which is (5)_.

30、NauntonLaunching your business onlineSunday evening9:Listening scriptsRecorded message: Thank you for calling Business Circle Conferencing. Please state your name and address. Then give the name of the event youd like information on and we will send it to you immediately. Please speak after the tone

31、.Ray: Hello. This is Mr. Ray Naunton. Thats N-A-U-N-T-O-N. Im coming to the event next week called Launching your business online and so youve already got my details. Anyway the reason Im calling is that I wont be able to arrive in time for registration and the buffet on the Sunday evening. My train

32、 doesnt arrive until nine fifteen, so Im going to take a taxi straight to the hotel. So I probably wont get to the training centre until Monday morning. I hope thats OK. Anyway its just to confirm that I will be there for the course. Oh, and could someone send me the schedule for the two days? You c

33、an email it to me at r dot naunton at worldsyouroyster dot com. Worldyouroyster is all one word. Thats w-o-r-l-d-s-y-o-u-r-o-y-s-t-e-r. And all in lower case. Thank you. 2. Vanessa and Kirsten are in charge of organizing the seminar at Business Circle Conferencing. Vanessa calls Kirsten to confirm t

34、he final arrangements. Add the missing information to Vanessas notes.NotesLaunching your business online 3 pm: Security (1)_. 4.30pm: people with buffet arrive to (2) _.(3)_: I arrive. Number of delegates: (4)_.Registration and buffet ends at about (5) _.are opening the room at 3set up4 pmtwelveseve

35、nListening scriptK=Kirsten V=VanessaK: Hello, Kirsten speaking.V: Hi, Kristen. Its Vanessa. Im just calling to check details for the group on Sundayevening.K: Sure. Security are opening the room at three. Is that early enough?V: Yes, the buffet wont be setting up until four thirty so thats plenty of

36、 time. Ill getthere at four and I dont think anyone will be arriving before five. According to myrecords, we have twelve. Is that right?K: Yes. Everyone has confirmed. Oh that reminds me. Weve had a message fromMr. Naunton to say he wont be here until after nine so hes checking straight intothe hote

37、l. Theres no point in inviting him to come after then, is there? I mean, Iassume that well have finished by nine.V: By seven, I hope. Well, I hope theyll have gone by then! If they want to get toknow each other any longer, they can use the hotel bar.K: Fine. I think thats everything, then. Do you ne

38、ed me to be there?V: No. Theres no point in both of us interrupting our weekend. It doesnt need twoof us.K: Great. See you on Monday. Bye.V: Bye.語法小結語法小結 ：將來時：將來時Will 用于 1 1 允諾行動允諾行動：Well check that for you straight away. 我們馬上幫你檢查一下。2 預測未來：Theyll probably call later on. 他們以后很可能會打電話來。 Its unlikely th

39、at well hear from you. 我們不大可能收到你的來信。3 宣布臨時決定：A： Im afraid Rachels train is delayed. B： OK. Ill go and talk to her visitors 雷切爾坐的火車恐怕晚點了. 好。我去告訴她的訪客們。 be going to +be going to +動詞原形動詞原形 用于用于 宣布預先計劃好的決定：I spoke to Rachel earlier. Shes delayed so Im going to talk to her visitors.我早就跟雷切爾通過話了。她誤點了，我要去告訴她

40、的訪客們。 說明意圖：Im going to apply for a job with them.我將和他們一起應聘工作。 將來進行時(will be doing)(will be doing) 用于代替現在進行時描述安排好的將來計劃：The visitors will be arriving at three. 參觀者將于三點到達 將來完成時(will have done)(will have done) 用于說明某事將于一個特定時間點之前結束：Well have finished by the time they arrive.他們到時我們已做完了 現在進行時表將來 用于描述安排好的將來計

41、劃：Were meeting at three oclock on Tuesday. 我們將在星期二的三點見。3.2 Business skills: Leaving&taking messages電話留言電話留言 registration n. ,redistrein登記，注冊lower case 小寫字母，小寫體security n. sikju:riti保安，安全voicemail n.語音信箱schedule n. skedul時間表，計劃，安排電話留言電話留言 在日常商務活動中，打電話時對方不在是常事。如果對方不在，需要請人幫忙留言或者錄音留言，一定要簡短， 切忌長篇大論的留

42、言。電話留言的格式電話留言的格式 英語電話留言（Telephone Message）包括五部分：（1 1）發話者（）發話者（FromFrom）；（）；（2 2）收話者收話者（ToTo）；（）；（3 3）日期（日期（DateDate）；（）；（4 4）時間時間（TimeTime）；（）；（5 5）留言內容（留言內容（MessageMessage）。）。有時，最后可以出現記錄人簽名。電話留言的特點電話留言的特點 電話留言條最根本的特點就是內容必須言簡意賅，切忌冗長。即寫電話留言條時，行文要簡明扼要，通俗易懂，將發話者的意思清楚明白地表達出來。常用的電話留言句型：（1 1）Just a minute

43、. Ill get a pen. Just a minute. Ill get a pen. 請等一下，我拿支筆。請等一下，我拿支筆。（2 2）Ill let him know. Ill let him know. 我會轉告他的。我會轉告他的。（3 3）No. I really need to talk to him No. I really need to talk to him personally. personally. 不，我真的需要親自跟他說。不，我真的需要親自跟他說。（4 4）would you like to leave a message would you like to

44、leave a message on his voicemail? on his voicemail? 你要不要在他的語音信箱里留言？你要不要在他的語音信箱里留言？（5 5）Hold on and Ill transfer you. Hold on and Ill transfer you. 稍候，我會幫您轉接過去稍候，我會幫您轉接過去。（6 6）Im not available to take your Im not available to take your call, but please leave your name, call, but please leave your nam

45、e, number and a brief message.number and a brief message. 我現在沒空接你的電話，請留下你的姓我現在沒空接你的電話，請留下你的姓名，電話號碼和留言。名，電話號碼和留言。（7 7）Please call me at 556-3243 when Please call me at 556-3243 when you get back. you get back. 等你回來請打等你回來請打55632435563243找我。找我。Listening: Leaving messages1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _A to ask for perm

46、issionB to complain about a mistakeC to confirm something is OK D to request informationE to offer informationF to cancel arrangementsG to request helpH to change a bookingDHBGC2. Look at stages 1-7 for leaving messages. Listen to each of the messages again and tick the stages each caller follows. C

47、all 1 Call 2 Call 3 Call 4 Call 5 1 Say who the message is for 2 Say who you are 3 Give the reason for calling 4 Spell any difficult words 5 Request a return call 6 Leave your contact details 7 Say when you will be available Answers Call 1 Call 2 Call 3 Call 4 Call 5 1 say who the message is for 2 s

48、ay who you are 3 give the reason for calling 4 spell any difficult words 5 request a return call 6 leave your contact details 7 say when you will be available Listening scriptCall 1: Hi, Vanessa. Its Ralph again. Sorry, I forgot to ask earlier if you can send me details of next months seminars. Ive

49、got two people who really need some help with spreadsheets and accounting software. I remember you said that you had some computer courses planned. Anyway, send me details on those and anything else you have coming up. Thanks oh, you can email it to me if thats easier. Its R for Ralph. Dot. Hensher.

50、 At Henckel. Thats H-E-N-C-K-E-L dot D-E. Thanks. Bye.Listening scriptCall 2: Hello. My name is Maria Monblot. The reason Im calling is that I have a booking for next weeks business breakfast meeting. Im afraid I wont be able to attend but I would like to come to next months instead. I assume it is

51、on the last Wednesday of the month as usual. Please confirm this. Youve already got my number but just in case, its 768 4556.Listening scriptCall 3: Hello. This is Jochen Anderson. I am booked in to run the seminar on design on the 25th. Ive just received the schedule for the day and it appears that

52、 I am speaking at nine thirty. That isnt what I agreed with you. We said I would be at eleven and that I would have ninety minutes not one hour. Youve also described it as a talk but Im giving a workshop. Please get back to me about this as soon as possible. Ill be in my office between two and five

53、oclock.Call 4: Hi, Vanessa. Its Kristen, just to let you know that Jochen Anderson is trying to get hold of you. He left a message on my home number to say he isnt happy about the schedule for the 25th. I havent got the details with me so I cant help really. Im sorry, but can you call him back? He o

54、nly needs the time changing and something about the title. Im sure one of the other speakers wont mind changing. You know what hes like. See you tomorrow.Call 5: Hello. This is Bryan in security. Im returning your call about having the building open on Sunday. Im just calling to say thats fine. Ill

55、be here at midday anyway so itll be OK for three oclock. If theres anything else, you can call me any time on my mobile. Its 07786 678 8890.3. Match the following expressions to stages 1-7 in exercise 2. Write the number of the correct stage next to each expression.0 Hello, this is a message for _A

56、Its _B You can email me at r dot _C The reason Im calling is that _D Its with regard to _E This is _F So thats M as in Madrid _G You can get me any time between _H Could you call me back? _I Its P for Paris _J Call me on 0207. _K Ill be in the office tomorrow. _L Id be very grateful if youd return m

57、y call _ 1 s a y w h o t h e message is for2 say who you are3 give the reason for calling4 spell any difficult words5 request a return call6 leave your contact details7 say when you will be availableWriting: Taking notes and messages0. Hello. This is Michael James speaking and this is a message for

58、Lelia. Michael James called for Lelia. (4 words)1. Id be grateful if you could return this call on my home number. Call him back _ _ _ _. (4 words)2. I am calling to inform you that the next meeting is on he 23rd. Please note _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (8 words)3. Would you mind checking and letting me know t

59、he final dates? Please confirm _ _ _. (3 words)4. I just wanted to say that Im sorry for any confusion. He apologized _ _ _. (3 words)1. Read what people say in 1-9 and write messages. Usewords from the spoken message.on his home numberthat the next meeting is on the 23rdthe final datesfor any confu

60、sion5. The client is asking if it would be possible to put the meeting back. He called about postponing _ _. (2 words)6. If you have any further questions, dont hesitate to call me. Feel free _ _ him. (2 words)7. I was hoping we could bring the interviews forward. Is that possible for you? Are you able