1、定語從句關系代詞引導定語從句(Attributive clause) 概念:在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子。 (在句子中作定語) Tom is a smart boy.Tom is a boy who is smart.描畫詞作定語句子作定語,修飾boy, 叫定語從句Tom is a boy who is smart.先行詞關系詞定語從句關系代詞關系副詞which, who, whom, whose, thatwhere, when，whyRelatives(關系詞關系詞)Used for（指代）（指代） The clause（從句）（從句）從句缺從句缺_或或_從句缺少從句缺少_whichth

2、atwhowhomwhosewherewhenwhysth.sb. /sth.sb.sb.sb. /sth.a placetimereason主語賓語狀語關系代詞關系副詞assb. /sth.解題步驟和關鍵1.分析定語從句的句子成分2.從句短少主語或賓語，那么用關系代詞3.從句短少狀語，那么用關系副詞判別缺不缺賓語或主語？This is the factory _ I used to work in.John is reading a book _ belongs to me.The village _ I visited yesterday is beautiful.that/ whichw

3、hich/that whichvi.+ prep. 短少賓語短少主語短少賓語考點難點歸納1.that & which2.介詞 + 關系代詞3.whose的用法that1.that 與whichDo you have anything _ you dont understand? 先行詞是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代詞，引導定語從句用that。whichwhomHer bag, in _ she put all her money, has been lost.This is the boy wi

4、th _ he talked.在介詞后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.先行詞被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修飾時,引導定語從句用that 。thatThis is the best TV _ is made in China.先行詞被描畫詞最高級或序數詞修飾時，引導定語從句用that 。that只用that的情況：1.先行詞是everything, nothing, anything，something, much

5、, little, none等不定代詞2.先行詞被描畫詞最高級或序數詞修飾3.先行詞被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修飾 4.先行詞中既有人又有物5. who/which 等作先行詞時 只用which的情況:1.在介詞后面，指事物用which, 指人用whom2. 非限制定語從句中3. 代指整件事，與 as區別whomto whom2. 如何判別介詞The old man _I am looking after is better.The old man _I am talking is bett

6、er.3. whose 的運用The house _is broken is mine. A. whose windowB. the window of whichC. of which the window D. the window of whom 4. as 的運用The earth is round, _ we all know._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsItwhichAsas /which1. It is useful to master a

7、foreign language, _ is true.2. _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize. which 普通在句中 ,而as可在句首、句中, 具有“正如之意，與之搭配的動詞普通是固定的。課堂訓練1. The science museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A. which B. what C. that D. where2. I will never forget the day

8、s _ we spent together.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3. We dont believe the reason _ he explained at the meeting.A. why B. for which C. that D. in whichBCA4. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party turned out to be a great success.A. in which B. for whichC. on which D. at

9、 which5. The CCTV Tower, _ base is used as a big electrical equipment shop, attracts countless travelers every day. A. where B. which C. whose D. its 6. My glasses, _ I could see nothing, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that高考鏈接1. (2021安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded

10、 the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2021, made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which【解析】選D。調查定語從句。句意:2021年莫言被授予諾貝爾文學獎,這使得中國人民多年以來的一個夢想實現了。此題調查非限制性定語從句,先行詞是前面整句話的內容,關系代詞which在從句中作主語,that不能引導非限制性定語從句。2. (2021湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those_ are

11、 good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which【解析】選B。調查定語從句。句意:幸福與勝利通常降臨于那些擅長于認識到本人的優點的人。who在句中引導定語從句,且在從句中作主語,符合標題構造。whom引導定語從句也修飾人,但是在從句中作賓語或用于介詞+whom構造中。3. (2021重慶高考)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_ are family members.A.themB.that C.which D.whom【解析】選D。調查定語從

12、句。句意:約翰約請了大約40人來參與他的婚禮,其中大多數都是他的家人。先行詞為40 people,在定語從句中作of的賓語并指人,用關系代詞whom,應選D;A項為代詞,放入之后前后為兩個完好的句子,兩個完好句子不可僅用逗號隔開,需在兩句中間參與連詞才對;B項that普通不放在介詞后面;C項which指代物。4.(2021福建高考)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A.whose B.thatC.whoD.which【解析】選A。調查定語從句。句意:這

13、本書經過那些生命遭到影響的人的見證講述了地震的故事。由句式構造可知those后為定語從句,先行詞是those,空格處在從句中作lives的定語,故用關系詞whose。5. (2021山東高考)There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where【解析】選A。調查定語從句。句意:沒有一個簡單的答案,這在科學領域里是常有的事。as引導非限制性定語從句,在從句中作主語,替代前面的情況,意為“正如,正像。6.(2021陜西高考)It is the third time that she

14、has won the race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. where C. which D. what【解析】選C。調查定語從句中關系詞的選擇。句意: 這是她第三次博得競賽了, 這讓我們大家都很詫異。分析句子構造可知這是一個非限制性定語從句, 排除A項和D項(that不能引導非限制性定語從句; what只能引導名詞性從句);又由于定語從句中缺主語, 所以排除B項; C項which可引導非限制性定語從句, 代表整個主句的內容, 翻譯為“這, 這一點。所以C項符合題意。7.(2021安徽高考)A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children durin