1、The ing form as the Subject and ObjectGrammarV-ing 的各種形式：（以動詞的各種形式：（以動詞do為例）為例） 時態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)語態(tài)主主 動動被被 動動一一 般般 式式完完 成成 式式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done否定式否定式 not doing在時間上表示一個在時間上表示一個正在進行正在進行或與謂語動詞或與謂語動詞同時同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生或存在的動作和狀態(tài)存在的動作和狀態(tài)一般式一般式：完成式完成式：在時間上表示該動作在時間上表示該動作先于先于謂語動詞的動作或狀態(tài)謂語動詞的動作或狀態(tài)Excuse me

2、for my not coming on time.Im sorry for not having kept my promise.The Use of the ing Form動名詞動名詞(the Gerund) 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞(the Present Participle) V-ing 在句子中作在句子中作 主語、賓語、表語主語、賓語、表語、定語、補語、狀語、定語、補語、狀語。V-ing主語主語賓語賓語表語表語定語定語_ _ _ _表語表語 定語定語補語補語狀語狀語注意：注意：1、 動名詞作主語表單數(shù)概念動名詞作主語表單數(shù)概念,謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式單數(shù)形式。 Walking af

3、ter supper is good for your health.2、 動名詞的復合結構作主語動名詞的復合結構作主語動名詞的復合結構是指動名詞的復合結構是指物主代詞、名詞所物主代詞、名詞所有格是動名詞邏輯上的主語有格是動名詞邏輯上的主語、動名詞是其、動名詞是其邏輯上的謂語。邏輯上的謂語。 Your coming made us happy. Your fathers cooking is very good.指出指出-ing形式在下面句中的成分。形式在下面句中的成分。Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.He enjoy

4、s listening to violin music.China is a developing country.The music is exciting.We heard her singing in her room.Being ill, she went back home.主語主語賓語賓語定語定語表語表語賓語補足語賓語補足語狀語狀語 1. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 2. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong

5、, swimming and reading.3. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. 4. However, he doesnt care about being famous.Read the sentences from the reading passage.subjectsubjectobjectobject一、動詞一、動詞-ing形式作主語形式作主語 表示表示經(jīng)常的、習慣性的經(jīng)常的、習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)動作或狀態(tài), 謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。謂語動詞通常

6、用單數(shù)。如：如： 1）Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 2）Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 3）Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 4）Asking a womans age is impolite in our country. 動名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。動名詞直接置于句首主語的位置上。 1) 捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬不能干的捉弄別人是我們?nèi)f萬不能干的. _ is something

7、 we should never do2)學習新單詞對我來說非常重要。學習新單詞對我來說非常重要。 _ is very important for me3)說比做容易。說比做容易。_ is easier than doing.Playing tricks on othersLearning new wordsSaying2. -ing形式作主語時常后置形式作主語時常后置, 此時須用此時須用it作形式主語作形式主語, 用形容詞或名詞作表語。用形容詞或名詞作表語。常見的名詞或名詞短語有常見的名詞或名詞短語有:no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / dif

8、ficult job, a waste of time 等等; 形容詞有形容詞有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless,useful等等如如: Its no use making an excuse for this. 為這件事找借口是沒有用的。為這件事找借口是沒有用的。歸納歸納: 常用常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：形式作主語的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪費時間的是浪費時間的 It is/was no good/use doing 做做是沒用處的是沒用處的 It is/was hardly/scarcely wort

9、h doing 做做不值得不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的 There is no doing. 無法無法; 不允許不允許Its a waste of time talking about such a useless thing. 談論這樣無用的事情簡直是浪費時間。談論這樣無用的事情簡直是浪費時間。Its dangerous swimming in the sea on windy days.有風的天氣在海里游泳是危險的。有風的天氣在海里游泳是危險的。It is worthwhile discussing the question

10、.這個問題值得討論。這個問題值得討論。1) 做出努力是值得的。做出努力是值得的。 2) 和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。_ with Shylock3) 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。_4)玩電子游戲是浪費時間。玩電子游戲是浪費時間。Its a waste of time _.It is useless trying to argueIt is a pleasure working with youplaying computer games.Its worth making the effort3. 在在there be no.結構中作主語結

11、構中作主語, 這種結構的意思這種結構的意思相當于相當于“It is impossible to do ”。 There is no sense in doing 做沒有道理 There is/was no use /good (in)doing 做無用 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比更糟的 There is/was no point (in) doing 做無意義 There is/was no way doing 無法做-注意：注意：There is no need to do sth 干干沒必要沒必要 在此句式中在此句式中to do 不可

12、換為不可換為doing Here is no joking about such matter.There was no knowing when he would leave. There is no point in doing so.這種事開不得玩笑。這種事開不得玩笑。無法知道他什么時候離開無法知道他什么時候離開那樣做毫無意義。那樣做毫無意義。【注意】【注意】與與的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：動詞動詞ing形式作主語表示泛指的行為，不定式形式作主語表示泛指的行為，不定式作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的動作。作賓作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的動作。作賓語時的情況也是如此。語時的情況也是如此。Playing

13、 with fire is dangerous.玩火危險。玩火危險。 (泛指泛指)Be careful！To play with fire will be dangerous.小心點！玩火會帶來危險。小心點！玩火會帶來危險。(指一具體動作指一具體動作)二、動名詞用作賓語二、動名詞用作賓語 動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。動名詞作賓語有兩種情況。1. 只能后接動名詞作賓語的動詞只能后接動名詞作賓語的動詞, 常見的有常見的有avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, enjoy，deny(否定否定), dislike, delay(延期延期), escape(逃避逃避), ex

14、cuse, keep, finish, fancy(夢想夢想), suggest, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk(冒冒險險), 可接動名詞作賓語的常見動詞口訣：可接動名詞作賓語的常見動詞口訣：避免錯過少延期避免錯過少延期 (avoid, miss, postpone)建議完成多練習建議完成多練習 (advise, finish, practise)喜歡想象禁不住喜歡想象禁不住 (enjoy, imagine, cant help)承認否定與嫉妒承認否定與嫉妒 (admit, deny, envy)逃避冒險莫原諒逃避冒險莫原諒 (escape, risk

15、, excuse)忍受保持不介意忍受保持不介意 (stand, keep, mind)我們必須設法避免犯同樣的錯誤。我們必須設法避免犯同樣的錯誤。 We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎晚飯后你想和我一起散步嗎?Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€愚蠢的人。人們?nèi)滩蛔〕靶δ莻€愚蠢的人。People couldnt help laughing foolish man need，demand，want，require在表在表示示“需

16、要需要”時，用時，用v.-ing的主動形式表被的主動形式表被動，或用不定式的被動形式。動，或用不定式的被動形式。 repairing.The car needs to be repaired.這輛汽車需要修理。這輛汽車需要修理。The sick woman required taking good care of / to be taken good care of.這位生病的婦女需要很好地照顧。這位生病的婦女需要很好地照顧。(2)英語中有一些動詞短語也常跟英語中有一些動詞短語也常跟v.-ing形式作賓語形式作賓語, 如如:insist on(堅持堅持)，object to(反對反對)，be

17、good at， lead to，leave off(停止停止)，put off，give up， look forward to，feel like(想要想要)，devote to (把把奉獻給奉獻給)，get used to(習慣于習慣于)，pay attention to，cannot help(禁不住禁不住), cannot stand (受不了受不了)等。等。2. 既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞, 常見的有常見的有: begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, by, mean, forget，re

18、member, hate等。等。A. 在在 like, love, hate, prefer等動詞之后，等動詞之后，用用-ing或不定式意義上沒有什么不同或不定式意義上沒有什么不同, 只是側(cè)重只是側(cè)重點有些不同點有些不同, 動名詞表示泛指的動作動名詞表示泛指的動作, 不定式不定式表示表示具體的一次性動作具體的一次性動作。B. 在在 begin/start, continue之后之后, 用動名詞和用動名詞和不定式不定式, 意義無甚區(qū)別意義無甚區(qū)別, 尤其是當主語是人的尤其是當主語是人的時候。時候。 C. 在動詞在動詞forget, remember, regret之后之后, 用用動名詞與不定式意

19、義不同。動名詞與不定式意義不同。-ing 表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生, ,-to do 表示動作還沒發(fā)生；表示動作還沒發(fā)生；I remember posting the letterIll remember to post the letterI shall never forget seeing the famous writerDont forget to write to your motherI regret missing the reportI regret to say I cant take your adviceD. 意義各不相同意義各不相同try to do (設法設

20、法) mean to do (打算打算, 有意要做有意要做) try doing (試試試試) mean doing (意思是意思是, 意味著意味著)be used to doing 習慣于做某事習慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事被用來做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事E. go on doing 繼續(xù)做一直在做的事繼續(xù)做一直在做的事; go on to do 接著做另一件事。接著做另一件事。stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。停下正

21、在干的事去干另一件事。1.He stopped _and have a rest. (smoke) 2. I once tried _French. (learn)3. This word means _out at once. (set)4.I cant help _the room,for I am too busy. (clean)5.I am used to _early. (get)6.We have finished Part 1.Lets go on _P2.(Learn)to smoketo learnsettingto cleangetting upto learn3. 作介

22、詞賓語作介詞賓語動名詞可與介詞一起構成介詞短語。動名詞可與介詞一起構成介詞短語。A. 介詞介詞+動名詞動名詞, 如：如：我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧晳T。我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧晳T。Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits. 我向你道歉我向你道歉, 剛才對你那樣生氣。剛才對你那樣生氣。I apologize for being so angry with you.離開幾年之后再回到你的家鄉(xiāng)離開幾年之后再回到你的家鄉(xiāng), 感覺有點怪。感覺有點怪。After being away for several years, it is a st

23、range experience to return to the hometown.B. 動詞動詞+介詞介詞+動名詞動名詞, 如：如：我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。 I insist on taking proper food for this trip同學們臉上沒有笑容同學們臉上沒有笑容, 相反都做了怪臉。相反都做了怪臉。Instead of smiling, each of them made a face她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。She was very interested in working for our comp

24、any下列短語中的下列短語中的to都是介詞都是介詞, 所以后面跟名詞所以后面跟名詞或或-ing形式形式: devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, stick to,be used to等。等。 1. What made you so upset? _ two tickets to the pop music concert. A. Losing B. Because of losing C. To lose D. Because I had lost 2. I cant ima

25、gine _ that with them. A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing A考考你考考你D 3. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 4. _ is forbidden inside the park. A. To cycle B. We cycle C. Anyone cycles D. Cycling BD5

26、. I cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 6. The old lady needs _. A. look afterB. to look after C. looking after D. being looked afterCC1. If you can keep _(read) Engli

27、sh newspapers, your English will be improved. 2. He has promised _(come) to my birthday party.3. I hate _(tell) lies!4. I will never forget _(go) to Beijing with him last summer. I forgot _(tell) her the news; so she knew nothing about it.Complete these sentences:readingto cometelling/to tellgoingto

28、 tell 出國旅行是很激動人心的出國旅行是很激動人心的。Travelling abroad is very exciting.2. 在這兒等是沒用的在這兒等是沒用的, 我們走吧我們走吧。Its no use waiting here. Lets go.3. 我記得在哪里見過他我記得在哪里見過他。I remember seeing her somewhere.Translation 4. 我后悔沒聽你的勸告。我后悔沒聽你的勸告。I regret not following your advice.5. 幫助別人就是幫助你自己。幫助別人就是幫助你自己。Helping others means h

29、elping yourself.For more exercises, click here.高考鏈接 (2005湖北卷湖北卷)_ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separatedD. To be separated2. (2005全國卷全國卷III) The storm

30、 left, _ a lot of damage to this area. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having causedCD3. (2005山東卷山東卷) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. have reached B. reaching A.C. to reach D. to be reachingBFor more exercises, click

31、here.Lets talk about our friends! Remember to use Verb-ing as much as possible. is his/her job every day. He/She enjoys He/She is interested in He/She dreams of He/She hates makes him/her happy/sad.He/She cares about Write about a person you love or respect very much. Here is a sample for you.Changc

32、hang is a smart boy. Playing model cars is his favourite. And he also likes running. It seems playing is his job every day. Besides, he enjoys talking so much that it seems that he never stops talking until he goes to sleep. Maybe that is why he is good at telling stories. 用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填空。用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填

33、空。 Its no good _(try) to remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned. 2. His illness could mean him _ (miss) next weeks game. 3. We can never imagine her _ (pass) the exam, for she has never reviewed the lessons. 4. The suspect (嫌疑犯嫌疑犯) at last admitted _ (steal) the neckl

34、ace.1.5. I still remember _ (take) to a concert by Liu Dehua when I was five.trying missing passing stealing being taken1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repairedA選擇最佳答案。選擇最佳答案。2. Have you forgotten _ $1,000 from me last month? Will you

35、please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringingA3. The classroom needs _. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning4. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waitedDC5. My brother keeps _ me wi

36、th my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped6. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speakingCD7. Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. to trying D. trying8. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D

37、. him to goDC9. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laughC10. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it11. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study

38、 B. be studied C. studying D. have studiedBC12. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocationA13. You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read14. You should work tonight

39、instead of _ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watchingBD15. The microscope is used for _ minute objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine16. Mike has got used _ up late at night. A. to sit B. sit C. to sitting D. sittingAC17. Once the heart stops _, death follows

40、at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating18. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being preparedAB19. I remembered _ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see20. I regret _ that to her. She must be crying now. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. saidAA21. The patient must be separated to avoid _ others. A. being infected B. i