1、一.合同 概論：合同是指經貿活動中，雙方就某一具體事務的權利和義務協商一致后達成的書面文件。由于合同具有法律約束力，對權利和義務的規定直接關系到當事人的經濟利益，所以締約雙方對合同的內容，語言文字的表達，甚至一詞一字的運用都十分關注。二.商務合同的構成部分 1.合同名稱 Title2. 前文(前言) Preamble1) Date of signing2) Signing parties3) Each partys authority (當事人的合法依據)4)Place of signing5) Recitals or WHEREAS clause (定約緣由)3. 文本(Body) 定義條款

2、 (Definition clause)基本條款 (Basic conditions)一般條款 (General terms and conditions)合同有效期限 (Duration)終止 (Termination)不可抗力 (Force Majeure)合同的讓與 (Assignment)仲裁 (Arbitration)適用法律 (governing law) 訴訟管轄 (Jurisdiction)通知手續 (Notice)合同的修改 (Amendment)其他 (Others)4. 結尾條款 (Witness clause) 結尾語包括合同的份數,使用的文字和效力等 (Conclud

3、ing sentence) 簽名 (Signature) 蓋印 (Seal)二.合同的翻譯 合同 日期： 合同號碼： 買方： 賣方： CONTRACT Date: Contract No.: The Buyer: The Sellers:簽約雙方一致同意按下列條款達成這筆交易：商品名稱：數量單價總值包裝生產國別付款條件保險裝運期裝運港目的港 This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell t

4、he under-mentioned goods subject to the terms and conditions as stipulated hereinafter:Name of commodity:QuantityUnit priceTotal valuePackingCountry of OriginTerms of PaymentInsuranceTime of ShipmentPort of LadingPort of Destination索賠：在貨到目的口岸45天內發現貨物品質，規格和數量與合同不符，除屬保險公司或船方責任外，買方有權憑中國商檢出具的檢驗證書或有關文件向賣

5、方索賠，換貨或賠款。Claims: Within 45 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination, should the quality, specifications or quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the contract except those claims for which the insurance company or the owners of the vessel are liable, the Buyers s

6、hall have the right on the strength of the inspection certificate issued by the C.C.I.C and the relative documents to claim for compensation to the Sellers.不可抗力：由于人力不可抗力的原由發生在制造，裝載或運輸過程中導致賣方延期交貨或不能交貨者，賣方可免除責任，在不可抗力發生后，賣方須立即電告買方在14天內以空郵方式向買方提供事故發生的證明文件，在上述情況下，賣方仍須負責采取措施盡快發貨。Force Majeure: The Sellers

7、 shall not be held responsible for the delay in shipment or non-deli-very of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The sellers shall advise the Buyers immediately of the occurrence mentioned above the within four

8、teen days there after. The Sellers shall send by airmail to the Buyers for their acceptance certificate of the accident. Under such circumstances the Sellers, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods.仲裁：凡有關執行合同所發生的一切應通過友好協商解決，如協商不能解決，

9、則將分歧 提交中國國際貿易促進委員會按有關仲裁程序進行仲裁，仲裁將是終局的，雙方均受其約束，仲裁費用由敗方承擔。Arbitration: All disputes in connection with the execution of this Contract shall be settled friendly through negotiation, in case no settlement can be reached, the case then may be submitted for arbitration to the Arbitration Commission. The A

10、rbitration committee shall be final and binding upon both parties. And the Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing parties. 評析： 合同文本的翻譯看起來很復雜，其實因其語言的固定性和格式性使得實際操作時相對容易些。總的來說應注意以下幾點： 固定詞匯。 如： 索賠 claim，不可抗力 force majeure，通知 advice，仲裁 arbitration 常見的詞組結構，如：與相一致 in conformity with。對負責 be responsibl

11、e for ，由負擔 be borne by 固定語句。三.語言特色 多使用正式或法律上的用詞1)At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 應乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技術員幫助乙方安裝設備. 2)Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing. 甲方應將病人遣返中國,負責病人回到北京的旅費. 3)

12、The term Effective date means the date on which this Agreement is duly executed by the parties. 生效日的意思是指本協議經訂約雙方簽字的日子.用語力求準確,明白,嚴密 4)Party A shall send technicians at Party Bs expense to train Party Bs personnel within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方應于簽約后三十天內派遣技術員培訓乙方的人員,有關費用由乙方承擔. 5)This Con

13、tract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同的修改補充應按雙方授權代表簽名蓋章的文件,才能進行.多用成雙成對的同義詞 1)This Agreement made and entered into by and between ABC Co. and XYZ Co. ABC 公司和XYZ公司雙方簽訂本協議. 2)All documents, let

14、ters, telegrams and telexes interchanged between both parties before the signing of the Contract shall become null and void automatically from the date on which the Contract comes into force. 雙方在簽約前交換的所有文件,書信,電報和電傳,應從本合同生效之日開始自動失效.多用某些特殊用語 WHEREAS 鑒于 Indemnity n. 賠償的保證;賠償金;賠償物 Infringement: violatio

15、n n. 違反;違背;侵犯;侵害 copyright infringement版權侵犯patent infringement專利侵權trade-mark infringement侵犯商標權, 商標冒用infringement of contract違反合同infringement of freedom侵犯自由 Force majeure: an unexpected and unavoidable event that causes or allows a contract to be changed or cancelled if it has a force majeure clause.

16、 e.g. As a result of force majeure the transaction was not completed. 基于不可抗力的因素,交易未能完成. Arbitration : the settling of a dispute by means of a neutral third party rather than by a court of law. 仲裁(通過中立的第三方不通過法庭解決糾紛) e.g. They decided to settle the dispute by arbitration.他們決定通過仲裁解決爭議. 合同翻譯常見表達及例句 Well

17、 have the contract ready for signature. 我們應準備好合同待簽字。 We signed a contract for medicines. 我們簽訂了一份藥品合同。 Mr. Zhang sings the contract on behalf of the China National Silk Import & Export Corporation. 張先生代表中國絲綢進出口總公司在合同上簽了字。 We both want to sign a contract, and we have to make some concessions to do it.

18、 我們都想簽合同，因此雙方都要做些讓步。 We are here to discuss a new contract with you. 我們來這里和您談談訂一份新合同的問題。 Our current contract is about to expire, and well need to discuss a new one. 我們現有合同快要期滿了，需要再談一個新合同。 A few problems with supply under the old contract must be quickly resolved. 老合同中的一些供貨問題必須盡快解決。 We ought to clea

19、r up problems arising from the old contract. 我們應該清理一下老合同中出現的問題。 As per the contract, the construction of factory is now under way. 根據合同規定，工廠的建設正在進行中。 We enclose our sales contract No.45 in duplicate. 附上我們第45號銷售合同一式兩份。 May I refer you to Article 5 of the General Terms and Conditions of the contract? 請您看