1、橋梁施工中軟土地基施工技術的應用研究中英文翻譯Bridge construction of soft soil foundation construction technology application research on Chinese and English translation 關鍵詞：軟土地基，施工技術，橋梁Key words: soft soil foundation, construction techniques, and Bridges 摘要：橋梁是一個國家通往成功之路的重要標志性建筑物。目前，我國在橋梁的建筑施工方面還存在著一定的問題。我國的橋梁施工人員在橋梁施工當中

2、遇到的主要問題為怎樣在軟土地基上進行橋梁的施工。軟土地基主要以壓縮低量較高軟弱土層和強度較低的兩種軟弱土層相組成的，所以要在這種軟土地基上面架設橋梁，對于橋梁施工人員來說是一個較為嚴重的問題。Abstract: the bridge is a national important landmark building of the road to success. At present, our country the construction of the bridge construction still exist some problems. Bridge construction pe

3、rsonnel in the middle of the bridge construction in our country the main problems is how to bridge construction in soft soil foundation. Mainly soft soil foundation with low levels of high compression strength of soft soil layer and the lower phase composition of two weak soil, so be on the soft soi

4、l foundation, build a bridge for bridge construction personnel is a relatively serious problem. 我國在現代橋梁建設當中，面對軟土地基方面的問題會經常遇到。橋梁施工當中，軟土地基對橋梁施工作業有著較大的影響，在這方面上一定要特別注意橋梁樁基礎的施工過程，對其采取有效的技術處理，如果在這方面沒有處理好，那會影響到整個橋梁施工的成本、進度、安全和質量問題的存在。在進行橋梁施工之前，施工者要對軟土地基有著一定的認識與了解，然后采取合理、有效、科學方面的技術措施，這樣做得目的可以保證橋梁的安全穩定性和質量性。

5、以下是對軟土地基施工的技術在橋梁施工中的應用、措施、和問題方面的分析：Among the modern bridge construction in our country, facing the problems often encountered in soft soil. Bridge construction, soft soil has important effects on the construction of the bridge, the graces must pay special attention to the construction process of the

6、 bridge pile foundation, to take effective technical processing, if there is no handle in this respect, it will affect the whole bridge construction cost, schedule, safety and quality issues. Before the bridge construction, the builders want to have a certain understanding on soft soil foundation an

7、d understanding, and then take reasonable, effective and scientific aspects of the technical measures, such doing can ensure the safety of the bridge stability and quality. Below is the construction of soft soil foundation of technology application in the bridge construction, measures, and the analy

8、sis of the problems: 一、在軟土地基施工當中應該注意的問題One, the problems should be noticed in the construction of soft soil foundation 隨著我國社會經濟快速發展的步伐，我國在橋梁方面的需求日益增多。因為大多數地區有軟土基地的存在而影響了施工工程的進度，所以在進行橋梁工程建筑的時，一定要對橋梁建筑區域的工程地質進行勘測。讓所有的施工人員對橋梁工程的工程地質有全面的了解，從而制定科學并且合理的橋梁施工技術方案。在橋梁樁基礎的施工中。施工技術人員必須要對軟土地基的柔軟度、穩定、變形等進行科學合理的計

9、算過程。這樣可以避免和減少橋梁樁基礎在施工當中開裂、傾斜、位移、失穩和沉降等造成的安全、質量問題。As the pace of our social economy rapid development, the growing demand for Bridges in our country. Because most areas have the existence of the soft soil base and affected the construction progress, so in the bridge engineering construction, must be

10、done to bridge construction area engineering geology reconnaissance. All construction personnel have comprehensive knowledge of bridge project of engineering geology, so as to formulate scientific and reasonable bridge construction technology scheme. During the construction of bridge pile foundation

11、. Construction technical personnel must be on the flexibility, stability and deformation of soft soil foundation, such as scientific and reasonable calculation process. So that you can avoid and reduce the crack of bridge pile foundation in the construction, inclination and displacement, instability

12、 and sedimentation caused by the safety and quality issues. 二、軟土地基施工技術在橋梁施工的措施Second, the construction technology of soft soil foundation in bridge construction measures 在軟土地基區域建設橋梁工程的時候，因為樁基礎方面的埋置比較深，所以當軟土地基被深入穿過時，可能會導致軟土地基出現沉降方面的現象，尤其要在橋頭和路堤的連接處注意樁基礎沉降的問題。當發現樁基礎出現沉降問題時，一定要及時采取相應有效的技術措施，如果不能對其及時采取相

13、應的技術措施，會對橋梁工程的安全性、抗震性、穩定性產生重要的影響。進行軟土地基施工時，機械設備的選擇尤為重要，選擇機械設備時一定要注意機械設備的安全性、經濟性、實用性。當開始對軟土地基進行處理的時候，一定要提前對地質方面進行實地考察之后才可以進行處理。Bridge engineering in soft soil area construction, because of the pile foundation embedment of more deep, so when thoroughly through the soft soil foundation, it could lead t

14、o the settlement of soft soil foundation in aspects of the phenomenon, especially must pay attention to in the joint of the bridge and embankment settlement of pile foundation. When found the pile foundation subsidence problems, must adopt corresponding effective technical measures in time, if not f

15、or the corresponding technical measures are taken in time, for the safety of the bridge engineering, earthquake resistance and stability have a major impact. For soft soil foundation construction, machinery and equipment choice is particularly important when selecting equipment must pay attention to

16、 the safety of the machinery and equipment, economy and practicability. When you start to deal with soft soil foundation, must advance after on-the-spot investigation on geological aspects can be processed. 三、軟土地基施工技術在橋梁施工中的應用Three, the construction technology of soft soil foundation is applied in b

17、ridge construction 本文對某項橋梁工程選取為列，對軟土地基施工技術在橋梁施工中的應用進行了簡要分析。橋梁長度為4千米，共有576根樁基礎，樁基礎最深的深處為70米，最淺為45米。在進行橋梁工程前，相關技術人員根據地質資料和探測結果對其判定，橋梁施工區域大部分土地為軟土地基，而橋梁區域的軟土主要是由風化巖石層、中細砂土層、軟弱土層和粘性土層組成的。Selected in this paper, a bridge project as the column, the construction technology of soft soil foundation applicati

18、on in bridge construction are analyzed in brief. Length is 4 km bridge, a total of 576 root pile foundation, pile foundation, the deepest depths of 70 meters, the most shallow to 45 meters. Before in bridge engineering, related technical personnel according to the geological data and detecting resul

19、t to the judge, bridge construction area most of the land for the soft soil foundation, and the bridge in the area of soft soil mainly consist of weathering layers, composed of fine sand soil, soft soil and cohesive soil. 1、軟土地基施工中的鉆機選擇1, the drilling machine selection in soft soil foundation constr

20、uction 鉆機的種類可分為：沖擊鉆機、旋轉鉆機、長螺旋干挖鉆機、非開挖鉆機、深層攪拌鉆機、粉噴鉆機，在選擇鉆機的時候可以根據施工技術人員的施工經驗和工程地質的勘測結果進行選擇。一般施工技術人員會在上部土層使用旋轉鉆機進行施工鉆探，而對下部的土層會使用沖擊鉆進行施工。旋轉鉆機的使用分析有三點：第一，旋轉鉆機的機能是放在自行移動履帶式安裝地盤上的，可以讓跟樁之間的移動進行的比較簡單、快速，整個過程只需要簡短的幾分鐘就可以完成，這一點在施工工期上節約了比較多的時間。第二，因旋轉鉆機的地盤可以伸縮和自動調整，所以關于鉆機的深度問題、塔的垂直問題都可以通過操作面板的顯示進行操作。第三，旋轉鉆機形成鉆

21、孔和鉆進的速度時間會比較短，旋轉鉆機可以根據土層的結構來選擇合適的鉆頭進行施工。沖擊鉆的使用分析：在旋轉鉆機對石層、土層的分界完成時，要把旋轉鉆機及時移動到下一個樁位，再對沖擊鉆進行配合，到達指定位置。因在施工過程中會遇到風華巖石層，其風華巖石層的堅硬度比較大，而旋轉鉆機的沖擊力不如沖擊鉆的沖擊速度，所以旋轉鉆機要和沖擊鉆進行配合，沖擊鉆可以加快施工的速度。Drill types can be divided into: the impact drill, rotary drilling rig, long spiral dry drill, trenchless drill, deep mi

22、xing drilling machine, powder spray drill, in choosing a drilling machine can according to the construction technology of construction experience and engineering geological survey results. General construction technical personnel will be in the upper soil layer using rotary drilling rig for construc

23、tion, and construction on the lower soil layer will use percussion drill. Rotary drilling rig USES analysis of three things: first, the function of the rotary drilling rig is put to mobile crawler turf installation, can make between the pile and the simple comparison of the mobile, fast, the entire

24、process takes only a short few minutes to complete, it saves more time on construction period. Second, because of rotary drilling rig site to scale and automatic adjustment, so the questions about the depth of the drill, vertical problem of the tower can be operated by the display of the operation p

25、anel. Third, rotary drilling rig formation drilling and drilling speed time is short, rotary drilling rig can be according to the structure of the soil to select suitable drill bit for the construction. The use of percussion drill analysis: in rotary drilling rig of rock layer and soil layer boundar

26、y is complete, the rotary drilling rig move to the next pile location in time, cooperate with percussion drill, to arrive at the specified location. Because in construction process will encounter elegance rock, its elegance and rock stiffness is bigger, and the impact of the rotary drilling rig as i

27、mpact velocity of impact drill, rotary drilling rig so should cooperate with percussion drill, impact drill can accelerate the speed of construction. 2、對橋梁施工現場的施工場地進行平整2, the construction site of the bridge construction site for flat and level 因為施工現場是在軟土地基進行的施工，所以為了保證施工的質量和效率，要對施工場地進行平整。因為軟土地基的承載能力有

28、限，而安裝在軟土地基上面的鉆機因為機械的重量問題，可能會讓軟土地基出現下沉現象，從而造成鉆機的偏移和鉆樁位偏移。在施工現場平整當中，要對軟土基地的實質情況進行施工現場平整，施工人員要對施工區域的雜草進行清除，然后再用小于或等于60cm的碎石頭進行壓實工作，來保證鉆機底座的狀態處于平穩。Because the construction site is in the soft soil foundation construction, so in order to ensure construction quality and efficiency, to the construction sit

29、e to level off. Because of the limited bearing capacity of soft soil foundation, installed in the soft soil above the weight of the drill for mechanical problems, is likely to appear in soft soil subsidence phenomenon, resulting in the deviation of drilling rig and drilling pile location deviation.

30、In construction site is flat and level, to the essence of the soft soil base situation of the construction site is flat and level, construction personnel have to be clear the construction area of the weed, next reoccupy is equal to or less than 60 cm, the broken stone compaction work to ensure that

31、the state of the rig substructure is stable. 3、用鉆機鉆工的注意事項3, use drill rig hands matters needing attention 對施工現場進行鉆工時，要注意3個小點：一是，要在樁基礎的混凝土在澆筑完成二十四小時之后才可以進行鉆孔工作。二是，在開始進行鉆孔工程時，一定要對尺度、速度控制好，避免出現塌孔現象。所謂的塌孔現象指的是：在進行鉆孔工作時因為沒有注意好鉆機速度和技巧方面的問題而導致塌孔現象的發生。三是，因為沙礫風華巖石層的土層比較堅硬，所以在鉆孔進行深度到達沙礫風華巖石層和粘土的時，會對鉆頭造成跳動的影響，

32、因此，一定要選擇抵擋慢速的鉆孔速度進行鉆孔工作。To driller on the construction site, pay attention to three small points: one is that to finish in pile foundation concrete pouring can drilling work after 24 hours. 2 it is, at the start of drilling engineering, must be good to scale, speed control, avoid even the appearance

33、 of hole collapse. So-called hole collapse phenomenon refers to: in the work because they didnt pay attention to the well drilling speed and drilling technique problems have led to the collapse hole. Station three is, because of sand layers of the soil is hard, so arrive in gravel drilling deep weat

34、hering rock and clay, would beat the effects on the drill bit, therefore, must choose against drilling work slow drilling speed. 4、對鉆孔進行清理的工作4, to the drilling work to clean 在清孔過程中主要是用換漿法進行清孔工作。在鉆機完成鉆孔工作時，用密度比價低的泥漿對其進行施壓，從而把鉆孔里面的鉆渣和密度較大的泥漿替換出來，清孔過程中要隨時注意孔底的情況，因為本橋梁工程的樁基礎比較深，所以在進行清孔工作的時候一定要仔細、小心。In t

35、he process of hole cleaning method is mainly used in pulp for hole cleaning work. To finish drilling rig, using low density parity of mud pressure, so as to put the inside of the hole drilling slag and denser slurry replacement, in the process of hole cleaning will keep an eye on the bottom of the h

36、ole, because the bridge engineering of pile foundation is more deep, so the hole cleaning work must be careful, be careful. 5、混凝土的澆筑和深樁鋼筋籠的制作5, concrete pouring and deep pile reinforcing cage 因為本橋梁工程的橋長相對較大，所以在制作鋼筋籠的時候，一定要對圖紙方面進行嚴格設計，制作工程中要注意鋼筋籠的焊接、對接，每根鋼筋都要對準中心，鋼筋的接法要采用雙面焊接法進行焊接工作。焊接完成之后技術人員要對其進行檢查

37、，這樣做的目的是為了防止施工工程中出現焊接不達標、漏焊等現象?；炷凉仓ぷ饕鶕竟こ痰脑O計方案進行澆筑工作，一般鉆孔樁使用的混凝土都是C 25型的，在進行澆筑工作之前要使用導管進行攪拌過程，這樣可以減少泥漿的沉淀。當清孔工作完成時，一定要對孔底的泥漿沉淀厚度進行檢查，對其進行判斷，看是否能達到混凝土澆筑方面的標準。因為本橋梁工程的深樁基礎比較多，所以施工人員應該要在混凝土澆筑的工作上盡量把時間減少，還要注意保持混凝土結構的一致性、連續性。Because this bridge engineering of bridge is opposite bigger, so in the produc

38、tion of reinforcing cage, must strictly on drawing part of the design, should pay attention to in production engineering of reinforcing cage welding, butt, every root reinforcement should be aimed at center, reinforcing steel bar connection to use double-sided welding for welding work. After complet

39、ion of welding technology personnel to the inspection, the aim is to prevent welding does not amount to mark in the engineering construction, leakage phenomenon such as welding. Concrete pouring work according to the engineering design of casting work, general drilling pile with concrete is type C 25, before pouring work to use the tube for mixing process, so that can reduce mud precipitation. When the hole cleaning work is done, be sure to check for the