1、BOOK 1Unit 1Unit 3Unit 4 Section A Words and expressions 1. make up ones mind: make a decision -At the age of 18 she made up her mind to become a doctor. -It is too hasty to make up our minds about a person merely through his looks. 只憑外表看人過于草率。2. conscious adj. 神智清醒的、有意的aware, realizing sth. - He wa

2、s badly hurt, but he remained conscious.be conscious of 意識到，感覺到self-conscious adj. : shy or nervous害羞的，自覺的unconscious adj. : unaware不知道、無意識的consciousness n. : state of being conscious意識、覺悟3. range: vi. vary between certain limits -There are 100 students whose ages range from 15 to 20. 有100名學生，年齡在15到

3、20歲之間。- Her emotions ranged from joy to despair. - Their prices range from $5 to $15. 4. interview: n. 1) C, U 面試，面談 2) C 采訪 a job interview 求職面試 / a personal interview 面談 a press interview 記者采訪/ a telephone interview 電話采訪 vt. ask someone questions during an interview -Ill be interviewing two candid

4、ates today and three tomorrow. -The minister was interviewed on TV yesterday.5. encounter vt. to meet sb. or sth. by chance n. a meeting by chance- If you take up this assignment, you are likely to encounter many difficulties.- I still clearly remember my first encounter with John ten years ago. I e

5、ncountered him at an airport.十年前我與約翰的初次見面的情景仍歷歷在目。當時我在機場偶遇他。6. focus: v. (on) give special attention to one particular person or thing -Unable to keep her mind free of distracting thoughts, she still managed to focus most of her attention on her major business. -We must focus our energy on increasin

6、g the home markets. n. sing. 中心，集中點 - Having devoted all his love to the homeless for decades, the old man now becomes the focus of public spotlight. 幾十年來，老人把自己的愛都獻給了無家可歸的人，現在他成了公眾關注的焦點。 7. be committed to: be willing to work hard at sth. -He is committed to supporting the achievements of women in i

7、ndustry. - Only when you stop focusing your mind on other things can you be wholly committed to your business. 有所不為而后才能有所為。8. absorbed (in): so interested in sth. that one does not notice anything else - Time passes quickly when you are absorbed in reading a good book. 當你全神貫注閱讀一本好書時，時間會過得很快。- One ca

8、n not be absorbed in two things at the same time. 9. impress: vt. make someone feel admiration and respect -The lessons learned from social contacts impressed on me the value of honesty. 社交中的經驗教訓加深了我對誠信的認識。-Your mature outlook impress me to no end. 你深思熟慮的觀點讓我佩服得五體投地。 -Men are impressed with beauty m

9、ore through their eyes whereas women more through their ears. 男人更多地用眼睛感受美，女人則通過耳朵。 impression: n. have aimpression of sb. /sth. make aimpression on sb. 10. at ones best: in ones best state opp. at ones worst -At her best, shes a really first-class dancer. 在最佳狀態時，她真是一位一口的舞蹈家。- He was never at his bes

10、t early in the morning.- In Beijing, you can enjoy Chinese Kung Fu at its best. 在北京，你可以欣賞到最精萃的中國功夫。11. address: vt. make a speech -The president addressed the Congress to review the past year and announced plans for the next. 總統向國會講話總結了過去一年的情況，并宣布了下一年的計劃。 -The Education Secretary had to address a cr

11、owd of teachers who were negative about the new changes in education. 教育部長不得不向一群反對教育領域新變化的教師做出解釋。12. lighten: v. 1) make or become more cheerful -Good music can lighten our spirits. 優美的音樂使我們精神愉快。 -My mood gradually lightened. 2) make or become less heavy or forceful -After three days of heavy wind,

12、the storm began to lighten. lighten up: (used to tell someone ) not to be serious about sth. (別太當真；放松) -Oh, lighten up! I was joking! -I wish shed lighten up a bit. Unit 5 Unit 10 Section A Words and Phrasesmiddle ground: 折中的辦法- He held a conversation with their representative to see if they could f

13、ind middle ground.- The negotiations could find no middle ground.談判雙方無法找到折中辦法。demonstrate: vt. 1) show or prove sth. clearly 證明；證實- Galileo demonstrated that objects of different weights fall at the same speed.2) Show or explain how to do sth. 示范；演示-The crew demonstrated the use of lifejackets. 機務人員

14、示范了救生衣的使用方法-You have to demonstrate how to operate the computer.vi. take part in a march to protest or support sth. 示威-Enormous crowds were demonstrating for human rights in the central egrity: n.1) (U.) the quality of being honest 誠實；正直-His integrity is unquestioned.-People who lie, cheat

15、, and steal have little integrity.2) The state of being complete 完整；整體-They were totally committed to the integrity of the nation.-We have obligation to defend the territorial integrity of our country.我們有義務捍衛國家的領土完整。sell out (to): 出賣(原則/信念 )-Never sell out your principles of conduct to so-called bro

16、therhood.不要為了所謂的哥們義氣而出賣自己的做事原則。-The officer was charged with selling out to the enemy.這位軍官被指控背叛投敵。at hand:1) being considered-His question was not related to the question at hand.-Some of his comments had nothing to do with the topic at hand.他的有些評論與眼下的話題無關。2) near in time or place 在手邊 / 即將到來-Soon sc

17、hool will end and the vacation will be at hand. -It is a good habit to keep a dictionary at hand when writing.the bottom line: 重要因素，關鍵的東西-The bottom line of doing science is to seek truth from facts.-The bottom line of overcoming the spread of this infectious disease is to find out both its cause an

18、d its vehicle as soon as possible.抑制這種傳染性疾病蔓延的關鍵是盡快找到病因及傳染媒介。demand of: expect sth. from sb.-Hard work will be demanded of students in this course.這門課程要求學生下功夫死學。-The increased population is demanding too much of the electricity supply.人口的增長對電力供應的需求太高了。consist: vi. (of) be made up of-The picnic dinne

19、r consisted of chicken, salad, vegetables, cake and drinks.-The area does not consist entirely of rich people, despite popular belief.stand for: 1) support a set of aims or principles 主張-We stand for a peaceful settlement of border disputes.我們主張和平解決邊境爭端。-In the world of art and literature, we stand

20、strongly for the practice of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.在文藝界，我們堅決主張百花齊放，百家爭鳴。 2) represent 代表 -ATM stands for automatic teller machine.ensure: vt. make sure sth. will happen properly(pattern): ensure sth. / ensure sb. sth.-Come early to ensure getting

21、a good seat.-This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.assure: vt. tell sb. that sth. will definitely happen(pattern): assure sb. of sth. / assure sb. that-I assure you that this medicine will not harm you.-Last nights resounding victory over Birmingham City has virtually assured them of pro

22、motion.昨晚大勝伯明翰城隊實際上已確保他們能夠晉級。concede: v.1) yield; admit defeat-After rounds of talks, they had to concede.-Unwilling to concede defeat, he kept on arguing.2) admit sth, is true, often unwillingly-The manager had to concede that his carelessness led to the loss.credit: n. 1) 賒賬-No credit is given at

23、this shop.-credit card3) praise; approval; recognition 稱贊；表揚 (pattern): get credit for sth. give sb. credit for sth. take credit for sth.-He got all the credit for the discovery.-Give credit where its due.-I cant take any credit; the others did all the work.4) 學分-You can gain 4 credits in College En

24、glish gressive: adj. happening or developing gradually-This method can bring about progressive increase of output.這種方法可以使產量逐步上升。progressively: adv. Gradually and steadily-My sight has gotten progressively worse over the years.genuine: a. real; true 真的；真摯的-They welcome me with genuine enthu

25、siasm.-The sofa is made of genuine leather.external: a. 外部的-Judged by his external appearances he was a quiet man.-The medicine is for external use, not to drink.preserve: vt. keep or maintain in an unchanged condition保護；維護；儲存-preserve ones eyesight-a well-preserved man of eighty-preserve the peace

26、/ forest/ manuscripts-preserve meat / fruitsyield: vi. (to) agree to do sth. that one does not want to do屈服-Well never yield to external pressure.-Finally she yielded to temptation and helped herself to a large slice of cake. vt. produce生產-Thispiece of land yielded a crop worth $500,000 last year.這塊

27、地去年長出的莊稼值50萬美元。win the day: be successful-It is easier said than done to win the day in the highly competitive IT industry. But Bill Gates has made it. 在競爭激烈的IT行業獲得成功說起來容易做起來難，但比爾·蓋茨做到了。BOOK 2Book 2 Unit 1 Words & Expressionsfall behind: 1) become bit by bit further behind- Hes been falling

28、 behind his group members in English. 2) fail to produce sth. at the proper time- Im falling behind with my work; I must try to catch up.result in: cause, have as a result, lead to- Acting before thinking always results in failing.做事不先考慮總是會失敗的。- The accident resulted in the death of two people.budge

29、t: 1) vt. plan the spending of - The school budgeted one million dollars for a new library.學校編列了一百萬美元建新圖書館的預算。- She has made so many commitments that she has to budget her time carefully.她答應的事太多,所以必須好好安排時間。2) vi. plan the spending of money carefully - He budgeted for buying a new mobile phone. 他為買新手

30、機而計劃節省開支。3) n. ©- It is essential to balance one's budget. 量入為出是很重要的。account for: 1) give a satisfactory explanation for 解釋，說明原因 - Jenny had to account to her father for every penny she spent.珍妮不得不向父親說明每一個便士是怎么花的。2) be a proportion of sth. 占比例- Girls account for half of the class.女生占了我們班一半人

31、數。- Paying rent accounts for half of my expenditures.我的開銷中租金占了一半。replace: (pattern) replace A with B = take the place of- Human beings have replaced candles with electric lights .count: vi. be important or valuable- Every minute counts before the exam.- In sport what really counts is not the winning

32、 but the playing.就運動而言，重要的不是贏，而是參與。convention: n. 1) customary practice 習俗，慣例- Its the convention for men to wear suits on formal occasions.2) meeting- Conventions are usually held in large cities.會議通常在大城市舉行。assess: vt. judge or decide the amount, value, quality or importance of- It is too early to

33、assess the effects of the new legislation.現在來評價新法規的效果為時尚早。- The police assessed damages after the accident.事故后警察確定了損害賠償金額。much less: still less, let alone 更別提- He can hardly afford beer, much less champagne.他連啤酒都喝不起，更不用說香檳了。- They are always short of water to drink, much less to take a be: v

34、. try to find out the truth about something- The police are probing (into) trading which breaks the law.警方正在調查非法交易。- He probed (into) the housing market for a good opportunity to invest.他仔細研究房產市場，尋找投資的好機會。given: prep. taking sth. into account; consideringgiven sth. / given that- Given their inexperi

35、ence, theyve done a good job.- Given her interest in children, teaching should be the right career for her.從她對孩子的興趣來看， 教書應該是適合她的職業。- Given that the time is limited, theyve done a good job.elapse: vi. (of time) pass- Five days elapsed, and the patients condition had no improvement.五天過去了，病人的情況不見好轉。- F

36、our years have elapsed since he left college.fulfill: vt.1) do what one must do- fulfill a duty 履行責任- I will fulfill my obligation to the best of my ability.我將盡我所能履行義務。2) achieve something one wanted to do- He fulfilled his dream when he became a writer.他成為了作家，實現了自己的夢想。- They fulfilled their work ah

37、ead of time as we did ours.和我們一樣，他們也提前完成了任務。Unit 3 Words Study1. ups ad downs 浮沉，起落；興衰- Life is full of ups and downs. 人生充滿了歡樂與痛苦。- He has seen the ups and downs in the relations between the two countries. 他目睹了兩國關系的起起落落。2. tolerance n. willingness or ability to accept sth. 容忍- My tolerance of heat i

38、s greater after having lived in the south for a couple of years. 在南方住了幾年后，我耐熱的能力增強了許多。3. compromise: n. 妥協 - After several hours of discussion, they managed to reach a compromise. vi. 達成妥協- We finally compromised on a price.- The government has compromised with other party leaders over the date of t

39、he next general election. 政府與其它黨派領導人就下屆大選日期達成了妥協。4. be involved with sth. 熱衷于；關注- She is too involved with others privacy to be on good terms with people. 她過分熱衷于打探他人的隱私，因而與人處不好關系。Cf. be involved in sth. 與 有牽連/關系5. harbor v. 心懷- harbor a wish for 懷著······的愿望- harbor a de

40、ep love for 熱愛······:- harbor hatred for 對······心懷憎恨- harbor illusions about6. (in)compatible (不)般配，(不)相容- Water is incompatible with fire. 水火不相容。- I would like to buy a printer that is compatible with my computer. 我想買個能和我的計算機兼容的打印機。7. over

41、look v. 忽略，漏看；俯視，俯瞰- She overlooked his offensiveness and tried to pretend nothing had happened. 她沒有計較他的無禮，并盡量裝作沒事的樣子。- The secretary is very careful and never overlooks any little points. 秘書是個很細心的人，從不放過任何細小問題。- I rented a room overlooking the Central Park. 我租了一間能俯視中央公園的房子。8. work out: 1) vi. develo

42、p in a certain way以某種方式發展- We need to prepare for the worst, for things may not work out as expected. 我們要做最壞的打算，因為事情不可能像預料的那樣發展- How the situation will eventually work out only time can tell. 2) vt. figure out- The police couldnt work out how the thieves had entered the building.9. prejudice n. unre

43、asonable dislike and distrust of people 偏見、歧視- Women have to face a great deal of prejudice in the workplace.- Prejudice against black people is common in many parts of America.10. confirm v. show that sth. is true 證實- Everything you have just said confirms the view that nobody can be trusted. 你剛才所說

44、的一切向我們證實了一個觀點： 誰都不能信任。- This confirms that stronger safety measures are needed. 這證實了有必要采取更加嚴密的措施。11. subsequent: a. happening after something else 隨后的- Subsequent investigations did not uncover any new evidence. Subsequently adv.- He escaped from prison but was subsequently recaptured.12. reservatio

45、ns n. 1) a feeling of doubt 懷疑；疑慮-I have some reservations about his story. 2) an order in advance 預訂-They made a reservation for lunch at a famous restaurant.13. proceed v. start to do sth., often after doing sth. else進行- The interview proceeded in a most friendly environment. 會見是在極其友好的氣氛中進行的。- He

46、asked for ice for his whiskey and proceeded to get contentedly drunk. 他要求在威士忌里加冰，接著心滿意足地喝了個酩酊大醉。- After a short break, the teacher proceeded with the lecture.14. resolve v. find a solution ( to a problem, crisis, etc.) 解決- They hoped the crisis could be resolved peacefully. 他們希望這場危機能和平解決。- We must f

47、ind a way to resolve these problems before its too late.15. Cf: suspect & doubtsuspect: vt. believe (esp. sth. bad) to be true or likely表示對陳述的內容抱有肯定的態度（think likely）。 (patterns) + n. / + that clause / sb. of (doing) sth. / sb. to bedoubt: vt.& vi. believe that sth. is probably not true or po

48、ssible 表示對陳述的內容抱有否定的態度( be uncertain)。接賓語從句時，如果主句為肯定句，用whether或if 連接；若主句為否定句或疑問句，則用that連。 (patterns) + n. + if, whether (主句為肯定句) + that (主句為否定，疑問句) of + n.- We suspect that he is ill. (我們認為他有病而產生懷疑)- We doubt if he is ill. (我們對“他有病”表示不相信而產生懷疑)Unit 4 Section A Words Studywithout fail 必定；總是 -Be here a

49、t 8 oclock sharp, without fail. 務必在八點整到達。- Success cares, without fail, for those who keep moving ahead regardless of hardships and dangers. 成功總是眷顧那些不畏艱險勇往直前的人。be free to do 隨意做······ -During the holiday children should be free to do what they like.-You are totally free

50、 to choose your own course. 你有完全的自由選擇自己的道路。sport 穿著······，留著 (發型) - He was heavily-built and sported a red moustache. 他身材魁梧，留著紅胡須。 -With summer giving way to autumn, the apple orchard sports patches of ripeness, and sends out spells of fruity smell. 夏去秋來,蘋果園呈現出片片成熟的景象,散發著陣陣果香。 more than (+adjective) 十分，非常 -As to his colleagues, they are more than good. 至于他的同事們，他們真是太好了。-This dish of food is most to my taste, for it is more than