1、【英語(yǔ)】中考英語(yǔ)初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧和訓(xùn)練方法及練習(xí)題( 含答案 )一、英語(yǔ)閱讀（日常生活類）1閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。what subject do you worry about the most at school? many students worry about math. somestudents cant sleep well the day before a math exam. others may feel very nervous during theexam itself. but there might be a way to mak

2、e the subject less stressful （壓力大的）.for people who are worried about math, posture （姿勢(shì)）makes a big difference,erikpaper from san francisco state university told the daily mail . thats right sitting up straight canhelp you do better on math exams.scientists tested 125 college students. they asked the

3、m to do a simple math exam while sittingin a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. after the test, 56 percent ofstudents said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.slumping over is a defensive （戒備的）posture. it can bring about bad memories in the bodyand brain. this

4、can stop you from thinking clearly, paper said.students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益） from better posture. but they did find that doing math while slumped over was moredifficult, science daily reported.good posture isnt just helpful for taking math e

5、xams. sportspeople, musicians and publicspeakers can all benefit from better posture. when you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. it can help you feel more certain and focus better.（ 1） what posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?a. sitting up

6、 straight.b. hanging your head.c. lying on your back.d. raising one hand.（ 2） what did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?a. to do sit-ups.b. to count numbers.c. to think carefully.d. to sit in different postures.（ 3） how many students in the test benefited from the better

7、 posture?a. all the 125 students.b. less than half of them.c. 56 percent of them.d. none of the students.（4） the fourth paragraph is written to explain.a. why slumping over makes exams harder to dob. why slumping over is bad for ones health（ 5） which of the following is the best title for the passag

8、e?a. slump over to take examsb. sit up to do mathc. better posture for nervous studentsd. good advice for better exams【答案】 （ 1） a（2） d（ 3） c（ 4） a（ 5） b【解析】 【分析】本文介紹 姿勢(shì)不僅有助于參加數(shù)學(xué)考試。運(yùn)動(dòng)員、音樂家和演說(shuō)家都可以從更好的姿勢(shì)中受益。當(dāng)你感到壓力大的時(shí)候，你也可以試著坐直或者站直。它可以幫助你更確定，更專注。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) for people who are worried about math, posture

9、（姿勢(shì)） makes a bigdifference 和 thats right sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.可知坐直可以讓人們?cè)跀?shù)學(xué)考試中感覺壓力更小，故選 a。（ 2）推理題。根據(jù) they asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over（趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight.可知科學(xué)家在測(cè)試中要求大學(xué)生以不同的姿勢(shì)坐著，故選d。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) after the test, 5

10、6 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if theywere sitting up straight 可知 56%的參加測(cè)試的學(xué)生從更好的姿勢(shì)中受益，故選 c。（4）主旨題。根據(jù)slumping over is a defensive（戒備的）posture. it can bring about badmemories in the body and brain. this can stop you from thinking clearly,可知第四段是用來(lái)解釋為什么睡懶覺會(huì)讓考試變得更難，故選a。（5）主旨題。根據(jù)本文教

11、室里姿勢(shì)有助于參加數(shù)學(xué)考試和the exam was easier to do if theywere sitting up straight，可知標(biāo)題適合是sit up to do math坐起來(lái)做數(shù)學(xué)，故選b。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2閱讀理解days1-5of90days/next 5all90todayjun29sunjun30monjul1tuejul2wedjul31919 12 11 cloudsand sun20 1222 14par

12、tial sunshinemorepartlytimes of2113 csunnycloudsandmoremostly cloudymoresunmoretemperature jun 29todaynormalrecord/29/20186high2121 n/a26low1313n/a15morehistoricalweather data （數(shù)據(jù)）sunrise/sunsetsunrise:6:06 amsunset:7:57 pmmoonrise/moonsetduration:13:51 hrmoonrise:9:03 pmmoonset:9:01 amduration:11:5

13、8 hrastronomy （天文學(xué)）（ 1） what will the weather be like in three days?a. mostly cloudy.b. partly sunny.c. sunny and windy.d. cloudy and rainy.（ 2） what was the high temperature on jun. 29, 2018?a. 21 .b. 13 .c. 15 .d. 26 .（ 3） which of the following days has the lowest temperature?a. jun 29.b. jun 30.

14、c. jul 1.d. jul 2.（ 4） when did the sun rise today?a. at 6:06 am.b. at 9:03 pm.c. at 9:01 am.d. at 7:57 pm.（ 5） if you want to know about the weather of next friday, you can click _.a. more historical weather datab. astronomyc. next 5d. more【答案】 （ 1） b（2） a（3） b（4） a（5） b【解析】 【分析】主要講了未來(lái)5 天的天氣。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)

15、題，根據(jù)partial sunshine more clouds and sun more partly sunny more可知大都是晴朗的，故選b。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) today jun 29 2113 c 可知最高溫度是 21 攝氏度，最低溫度是 13 攝氏度，故選 a。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) jun 29 21 13 c；jun 30 19 11 ； jul 1 19 12 ； jul 2 20 12 ； jul 3 22 14，可知最低溫度是 jun30 11 攝氏度，故選 b。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)sunrise: 6:06 am 可知早上太陽(yáng) 6:06 升起，故選 a。（ 5）細(xì)節(jié)

16、題。根據(jù)astronomy （天文學(xué)） 可知是點(diǎn)擊天文學(xué)，故選 b。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。3閱讀理解at some point in life, many people develop a mental（精神） problem.while most people get over it, for others it doesnt go away easily.the who says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. its thought t

17、hat the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. it will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.in china, the picture isnt bright, either. about one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 havea mental health challenge.the world is chan

18、ging fast. study and relationships have always caused stress, but today thestress is much higher than before, the who said.a research centre in oxford university says that young people today have big stresses at school.for example, they experiencebullying （欺凌） . in a 2017 report, the centrenoted tha

19、ttheinternet was a special source（渠道） of stress. online,young peopleoftensee messagesabout perfectionand this causes the young great uncertaintyabout their futures, says thecentre.also, according to china daily, chinese people dont ask for help with their mental problems.they fear that others will t

20、hink less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. elainepeng, a us mental health educator, makes a similar point. and in the uk, over three quarters ofyoung people believe their mental problems have a socialstigma. it is reported in 2017 that aquarter of young uk people wouldnt ask for

21、help if they developed a mental problem.young peoplewho dont ask for help for their conditionmay be creating problemsforthemselves in the future. elaine peng warned that, if we hide our mental health, it may remain aproblem forever.my message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong withi

22、n youask for help, hetold china daily.（ 1） which of the following is not the cause of stress according to the passage?a. heavy schoolworkb. being bullied at school.c. some information from the internet.d. certainty about the future.（ 2） why dont chinese people ask for help with their mental problems

23、?a. they dont think them serious.b. they can get over them in time.c. they can keep their mental health secret.d. they are afraid of being looked down upon.（ 3） what does the underlined word stigma most probably mean in chinese?a. 羞恥b印.象c援.助d危.害（ 4） elaine peng advised the teenagers with mental illn

24、ess to _.a. think less of themselvesb. avoid being bulliedc. ask for help as soon as possibled. stay away from the internet.（ 5） the main purpose of the passage is to _.a. ask research centers for helpb. tell about teenagers stressesc. call public attention on teenagers with mental illnessd. show so

25、me different opinions from different countries【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） d（ 3） a（ 4） c（ 5） c【解析】 【分析】大意：本文講述世界上許多人有精神疾病，到2020 年世界上有一半的青少年患精神方面的疾病。精神疾病將成為主要的疾病甚至導(dǎo)致死亡，研究表明引起精神異常的原因是壓力過大而沒有及時(shí)找醫(yī)生疏導(dǎo)導(dǎo)致的。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) young people today have big stresses at school. they experience bullying（欺凌） . the internet was a speci

26、al source（渠道） of stress. 可知，研究表明壓力的原因來(lái)自于過重的學(xué)業(yè)，學(xué)校的欺凌，已經(jīng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上一些不良信息導(dǎo)致的，d 描述與原文不一致，故選d。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) they fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are inmental trouble. 可知，他們害怕其他人瞧不起他們，故選d。（ 3）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) and in the uk, over three quarters of young people believe theirmental problems hav

27、e a social stigma. 可知，在英國(guó)，超過 4 分之三的年輕人認(rèn)為他們的精神疾病是社會(huì)的恥辱，推出 stigma 的意思是 “羞恥 ”，故選 a。（ 4）推斷題。根據(jù) if we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever. 可知，如果躲避我們的精神健康，它可能擁有是一個(gè)問題，推出elaine peng 建議患有精神疾病的青少年應(yīng)盡快就醫(yī)，故選c。（ 5）推斷題。通過分析可知，作者講述世界上越來(lái)越多的青少年患有精神疾病目的是喚起全社會(huì)對(duì)患有精神異常的青少年關(guān)注，故選c。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和詞義猜

28、測(cè)題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；詞句猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思。4根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。dear alan,guess what? i have a chance to choose my new place to live in. i am excited and a little nervous. could you please give me some help?i am not sure whether i will live in a house or in an apartment. on the one

29、hand, a house will be too big for just one person, so maybe i should rent an apartment, on the other hand, if i rent a house, i could find someone else to share with me. the only problem is that a house full of people might be too noisy for me. i prefer to have my own space. the city has some niceap

30、artments, but they are also too expensive. however, if i could find a two-bedroom apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. i just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet. you know i can not live with someone who is loud and messy. i do nothave a car, so i also ne

31、ed to think carefully about the location. i probably need to look for somewhere near a bus stop or an underground station. that way i will have more time to study and spend less time travelling.im looking forward to your reply.love,victor（ 1） victor feels excited because he can decide where to live.

32、（2） victor wants to share the house with a（ an） neat and quiet person.（ 3） if victor finds a roommate, he will waste money.（ 4） victor doesnt have a car, so he wants a two-bed-room apartment（ 5） victor also needs to think carefully about the location.【答案】 （ 1） 1（ 2） 1（ 3） 0（ 4） 0（ 5） 1【解析】 【分析】主要講了v

33、ictor 寫信向 alan 詢問怎樣選擇新居住地。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) i have a chance to choose my new place to live in. i am excited and a little nervous.可知 victor 是興奮的，因?yàn)樗袡C(jī)會(huì)選擇新住址，故選正確。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) i just need to search for a roommate who is neat and quiet. 可知 victor 希望舍友是干凈和文靜的，故選正確。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) however, if i could find a two-bedroo

34、m apartment and get a roommate, that would make it more affordable. 可知 victor 找到舍友后會(huì)平分房租，所以不是浪費(fèi)錢，故選錯(cuò)誤。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) i do not have a car, so i also need to think carefully about the location. 可知victor 沒有車，所以也需要仔細(xì)考慮位置，而不是想要一個(gè)兩間臥室的公寓，故選錯(cuò)誤。（ 5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) i do not have a car, so i also need to think carefully a

35、bout the location. 可知victor 沒有車，所以也需要仔細(xì)考慮位置，故選正確。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。5閱讀理解hi, guys! last week i read a book called rabbits in australia . rabbits look cute, but when they enter in large numbers, its a problem. in australia, rabbits have crowded into the land. they eat the plants that farm

36、ers grow.they eat the plants other animals need to eat, so other animals find it hard to live.these days im reading moby dick. its considered to be thegreatamerican novel, or one of the greatest novels of all time.the story takesplace on a whaling ship that sails the seas to find moby lick, a very l

37、arge whale.well, i love detective stories. lastmonth i read the stolen letter . thewriter brings me into the story of his characters lives. he also introduces a sense of mystery in the story. it keeps me interested until the very end of thestory.（ 1） what are amy, daniel and simon talking about?a. l

38、istening.b. speaking.c. reading.d. writing.（2） the rabbits in the book rabbits in australia.a. are very cuteb. are in small numbersc. cause a problemd. find it hard to live in australia（ 3） what type of book is moby dick?a. science.b. novel.c. detective story.d. travel.（ 4） what do we know about the

39、 book the stolen letter?a. its set in australia.b. its about the writers life.c. its story happens on a ship.d. theres a sense of mystery in it.【答案】 （ 1） c（2） c（3） b（4） d【解析】 【分析】主要講了amy、 daniel 和 simon 談?wù)摿俗约旱淖x書。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)表格hi, guys! last week i read a book called rabbits in australia .第二個(gè)表格these

40、 days im reading moby dick .第三個(gè)表格well, i love detective stories. 可知他們?cè)谡務(wù)撟x書，故選c。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) in australia, rabbits have crowded into the land. they eat the plants thatfarmers grow. they eat the plants other animals need to eat, so other animals find it hard to live.在澳大利亞，兔子已經(jīng)擠進(jìn)了陸地。他們吃農(nóng)民種的植物。它們吃其他動(dòng)物需要吃的

41、植物，所以其他動(dòng)物覺得很難生存，所以兔子導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)問題，故選c。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) these days im reading moby dick . its considered to be the greatamerican novel, or one of the greatest novels of all time.可知它是一部小說(shuō)，即novel，故選b。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) last month i read the stolen letter . he also introduces a sense of mysteryin the story. 可知這本書透露了神秘感，故選d

42、。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。6閱讀理解people in differentcountries speak different languages. but is there a language that can beunderstood by everyone in the world? if there is, the answer might be emojis（表情符號(hào)） .emojis are a kind of special language. pictures are used to put meaning across. a group

43、called the unicode consortium works on choosing emojis. it has added new emojis every year since 2014. they show what people think about and like.emojis can be used to represent （代表） different groups of people. in 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones （膚色） were added. in 2016, different jobs w

44、ere added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. this year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis ofblind people and people in wheelchairs.but there is also more to emojis. they can also refer to （指的是）pop culture and newcultural trends （潮流） .new emojis in 2019 also include sev

45、eral animals, such as sloths （樹懶） and flamingos （火烈鳥） . these animals are not very common, but are known to many people. for example, slothshave become popular because of the 2016 film zootopia （瘋狂動(dòng)物城）. many fashiondesigners（設(shè)計(jì)師） have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. this animal

46、makes people feel like theyre on a vacation.it seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. it will be interesting to see how theychange and grow in the years to come.（1） emojis useto express ideas.a. musicb. soundsc. wordsd. pictures（ 2） what does the underlined word it in paragraph 2 re

47、fer to?a. the unicode consortium.b. an emoji.c. a country.d. a language.（ 3） in which year were emojis of disabled people added?a. in 2014.b. in 2015.c. in 2016.d. in 2019.（4） according to the passage, emojis include the following except.（ 5） which sentence is not true according to the passage?a. pe

48、ople all over the world might understand emojis.b. emojis can represent pop culture.c. many fashion designers used sloths in their works.d. emojis are changing and growing every year.【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） a（ 3） d（ 4） b（ 5） c【解析】 【分析】大意：本文介紹表情符號(hào)的發(fā)展史和用途及意義。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) pictures are used to put meaning across.

49、 可知，表情符號(hào)通過圖畫來(lái)表達(dá)想法，故選 d。（ 2）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) a group called the unicode consortium works on choosing emojis. ithas added new emojis every year since 2014. 可知， it 在這里指代 the unicode consortium （統(tǒng)一編碼組織），故選 a。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) this year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blindpeople and people in

50、 wheelchairs. 可知，此處的this year 指 2019 年，即是2019 年殘疾人被增加到表情符號(hào)中，故選d。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) in 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones（膚色） were added. in 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. new emojis in 2019 also include several animals,可知，文章提到了表情符號(hào)包括膚色，有趣的動(dòng)物和不同的工作，但是未提

51、到電影，故選b。（ 5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)many fashion designers（設(shè)計(jì)師）haveincludedflamingosintheirdesigns inrecentyears.可知，許多設(shè)計(jì)師在他們的作品里使用了火烈鳥，而不是樹懶，故選 c。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題和詞義猜測(cè)題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；詞句猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思。7閱讀理解i walked into a stranger as he passed by me.excuse me. i said.he replied with a smile and said, pleas

52、e excuse me, too. i didnt notice you.we apologized（道歉）and went for our own ways.later that day, when i was cooking, my daughter was standing too near. when i turned to reach for some milk, i nearly knocked her over. move out of the way! i shouted.she walked away sadly. but i didnt feel like i had to apologize to her.while i was in bed that evening, my husband said to me. while dealing with a stranger, you were polite. but with a daughter you love, you were unkind. your daughter