1、資料有 大小學習網收集 it的用法（專項總結及訓練）一、人稱代詞1，it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復: they watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.2.，也可以指動物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子): is this your dog？no, it isnt.they got a baby and it was a ten-pounder3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象環境和情景:i hate it when people talk with a full mouth.二

2、、.非人稱代詞 1.it有時并不指具體的東西而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離、價值、度量、溫度、環境等： .指天氣：it is a lovely day, isnt it? .指時間: it was nearly midnight when she came back.指日期:it is april first today.指距離:it is some 3000 kilometers from beijing to guangzhou.指價值:it is three dollars.指溫度:today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法1.在句子的主語不太明確時

3、充當主語，表示誰在做某事： who is it there? its i (me/you/he.). i thought it was mary, but it was not she. her facelighted when she saw who it was. 2.泛泛的指某件事： (有時泛指一般情況) it doesnt matter. it is a shame, isnt it? how is it going?(情況怎樣) it says in the newspaper that.3.it用在一些詞組中，it 沒有特別的意思 the last trains gone. com

4、e on, well foot it.(來，咱們步行吧。)四、作形式主語，替代主語從句，動詞不定式，或動名詞短語：1.作形式主語替代主語從句 it is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that 從句 常譯為清楚的（顯然的，真的，可能的,肯定的） it is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = that hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. it is important ( necessary， right， strang

5、e， natural.) that 從句 常譯為是重要的(必要的,對的,奇怪的,自然的).that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。 it is important that we (should) learn english well. it is necessary that he (should) remember these words. it is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 從句 常譯為據說（據報道，據悉）。

6、it is said that he has come to beijing. it is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. it is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 從句.that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should 可以省；常譯為據建議；有命令） it is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. it w

7、as ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. it is time ( about time ，high time ) that從句(虛擬語氣:動詞用過去時did) it is time that children went to bed. it is time you bought a new car. it is (high ) time you made up your mind.it is the first ( second . ) time that從句(從句用現在完成時 have done ) it was th

8、e first ( second . ) time that從句(從句用過去完成時had done ) 常譯為是第一（二）次。 it is the first time i have been here. = this is the first time i have been hereit is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that從句. that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為竟然。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。 it is a

9、pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發生在你們班 上，真是遺憾！ it is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！ it happens (seems， looks， appears ) that從句.常譯為 “ 碰巧,似乎是,看起來” it happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. it seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來 2.作形式

10、主語替代不定式. it is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的邏輯主語是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的褒義或貶義形容詞。 常見的詞有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教養的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（錯誤的）等。 這個句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to

11、do sth. 。 如:it is kind of you to say so. = you are kind to say so. it is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的中性形容詞。 常見的形容詞有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleas

12、ant 如:it is important for her to come to the party. = it is important that she (should ) come to the party. it takes sb. . to do sth. 常譯為做要花費某人。 如:it took thousands of people many years to build the great wall. 3.作形式主語替代動名詞短語it is no good / no use / useless doing sth. 常譯為 “有好處或沒有用” it is no good lea

13、rning english without speaking english. its useless trying to argue with shylock.五、作形式賓語，代替不定式，動名詞短語或賓語從句。we think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的it 作形式賓語，該結構中常用的動詞有：think, believe, make ,find consider, feel； 如:we think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. he felt it importa

14、nt learning english well. they found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.the internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers.六、.it的重要句型 1.強調句型: it is/was + 被強調部分 + that 從句 (被強調的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用) it was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a f

15、ace and an hour hand was made. it was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.it was in the street that i met her father. it was yesterday that i met her in the street.it is you that /who are wrong.特例:it is not until + 被強調部分 + that . 該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語直到才，可以說是 not . until . 的強調形式。 it

16、 was not until she took off her dark glasses that i realized she was a famous film star.= not until she took off her dark glasses did i realize she was a famous film star.= i didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.choose the best answer 1.ittookusoveranhour_alon

17、gthestreet.a.walk b.towalkc.walking d.walked2.ithinkitagreathonour_tovisityourcountry.a.toinviteb.inviting c.havinginvitedd.tobeinvited3.manypeoplenowmake_aruletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforechristmas.a.themselvesb.itc.thatd.this4._isverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.a.thisb.whatc.that

18、d.it5.intheunitedstates,bustraveldoesntcostmuchastraintravel,_?a.donttheyb.doesit c.dotheyd.doesntit6.someoneisatthedoor,whois_?a.thisb.thatc.itd.he7.itisrainingcatsanddogs._.a.soitisb.soisit c.neitheritisd.neitherisit8.myhomeisinthattallbuildingoverthere._?a.canitseeb.canseeit c.canbeseenitd.canitb

19、eseen9._raininghardfor3hourswithoutstopping.a.itisb.itwasc.ithasbeend.ithadbeen10.hastheboygothisbicyclenow?yes,thepolicegave_.a.himtohimb.ittoitc.ittohimd.himtoit11.itsnouse_overspiltmilk.a.cryb.cryingc.thatyoucryd.foryoutocry12.itisimportant_theiroffer.a.rejectb.rejectsc.torejectd.rejecting13.has_

20、beendecidedwhenwearetoholdthesports-meeting?a.thatb.thisc.itd.what14.didlileicallmewhileiwasout?yes,itwas_thatcalledyou.a.himb.hec.whod.whom15.nothingiswrongwiththeradio_?a.isntitb.isthatc.isitd.isntthat16.idontknow_makesherafraidofhavingherbusinessdiscussed.a.whatitisaboutmarythat b.thatisitabutmar

21、ywhat c.whatisitaboutmarythat d.thatisaboutmarywhat17. .itwaswith greatjoy_hereceivedthenewsthathislonglostsonwouldreturnhomea.asb.thatc.sod.for18.idontthink_difficultforachinesestudenttomasteraforeignlanguagewithinfiveyearsa.thatb.itc.tood.very19.itsthesecondtimeyou_latethisweek.a.arriveb.arrivedc.

22、havearrivedd.hadarrived20.itwillnotbe_wemeetagain.a.longbeforeb.beforelong c.soonafterd.shortlyafter21.itsdemandedthatwe_thereonfoot.a.nottogo b.dontgo c.notgo d.wontgo22.“it”isoftenusedto_ababy.a.meantob.sticktoc.pointtod.referto23.itwasnotuntil1936_basketballbecamearegularpartoftheolympicgames.a.t

23、hatb.whenc.whichd.then24._youmettheenglishman?a.whereitwasthatb.whoitwasthat c.wherewasitthatd.wherewasthat25._thatshehasgonetotheunitedstates?a.wasittrueb.isittrue c.itistrued.itwastrue26._certainthathisinventionwillleadtothedevelopmentofproduction.a.thatsb.thisisc.itsd.whats27._in1914_thefirstworl

24、dwarbrokeout?a.wasthat,thatb.wasthat,whenc.wasit.thatd.wasit,when28.itisimportantthatshe_withmrwilliamsimmediately.a.speakb.spokec.willspeakd.tospeak29._thattheresanothergoodharvestthisyear.a.itsaysb.itissaidd.itwassaidd.hewassaid30.it isthefirsttime_theplay.a.ivewatchedb.illwatchc.iwatchd.iwouldwat

25、ch參考答案b 1.b2.d3.b4.d5.b 6.c7.a8.d9.c10.c 11.b12.c13.c14.b15 c 16.a17.b18.b19.c20.a 21.c22.d23.a24.c25.b 26.c27.c28.a29.b30.ait用法完全歸納一、it 作人稱代詞的用法1. 指事物作為人稱代詞，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或動物。如：i dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔壞了。its hard work, but i enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我樂意干。“where is the dog?” “its in the b

26、edroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在臥室里”。2. 指人it 指人主要用于指不性別不明的嬰兒或用于確認某人的身份。如：is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩還是女孩?there is a knock on the door. it must be the postman. 有人在敲門，一定是郵遞員。【說明】在答語中，常用來指本人，如說 its me。3. 代替某些代詞代詞 it 還可用于代替指示代詞this, that 以及復合不定代詞 something, anything, nothing等。如：“whats this?” “its a new machine. ” “這是什

27、么?”“是一種新機器”。nothing is wrong, is it? 沒出什么問題，是嗎?二、it 作非人稱代詞的用法1. 基本用法it 作非人稱代詞的用法，主要用于指時間、距離、價值、天氣、氣候及溫度等自然現象。如：its too late to go there now. 現在去那兒已經太遲了。it rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。it can get very hot here. 這里有時會很熱。2. 用于某些句型its time for sth. 該做某事了。its time to do sth. 該做某事的時候了。its time for s

28、b to do sth. 某人該干某事了。its (about / high) time + that-從句. 某人該做某事了。(從句謂語用過去式，有時也用“should+動詞原形”)its first (second) time + that-從句. 某人第幾次干某事。(從句謂語用現在完成時)its + 時間段 + since-從句. 自從有一段時間了。its + 時間段 + before-從句. 過多長的時間才三、it用作形式主語1. 基本用法當不定式、動名詞、從句等復雜成分用作句子主語時，為保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主語放在句末，而在句首使用形式主語it。如：its very impor

29、tant to remember this. 記住這一點很重要。its hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是費勁的事。its unknown when he will come. 他什么時候來還不知道。2. 用作形式主語的的重要句型(1) it + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事it is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很難下定決心。it was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她說那樣的話，真是太蠢了。【說明】介詞 of 與 for 的區別

30、是：of 用于指某人的性格、屬性、特征等，介詞for表示對象，意為“對來說” (from )。(2) it takes sb + 時間段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了時間it takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的時間才能掌握一門新的語言。【說明】此句型可以有以下多變種變體：it took me an hour to write the letter. =the letter took me an hour (to write). =i took an hour to write the letter

31、. 我寫這封信花了一個小時。3) it is up to sb to do sth. 該由某人做某事its up to you to to make the choice. 得由你來作選擇。(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that as if 似乎it seemed as though he didnt recognize me. 他似乎沒認出我來。it happened that i was out when he called. 他打電話時我碰巧不在家。(5) if it were not for / if it hadnt been f

32、or 若不是因為if it were not for their help, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. 要不是他們幫助，這些困難我們不克服不了的。四、it用作形式賓語1. 基本用法當不定式、動名詞、從句等復雜成分用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，通常會在賓語補足語前使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。其基本結構為“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”。如：i find it difficult to do the job well. 我發現做好這件事不容易。i think it best that you should s

33、tay here. 我認為你最好住這兒。we think it no use complaining. 我們認為抱怨是沒有用的。2. 用作形式賓語的幾個特殊結構(1) 動詞+ it + that-從句。如：i like it that you came. 你來了，我很高興。i take it (that) he will come on time. 我認為他會準時來的。you can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以說這是以前安排的。rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 據

34、傳聞，國防部長不久就要辭職。【說明】能用于此結構的動詞不多，常見的有 have, take, put, like 等。(2) 動詞 + it + when (if)-從句。如：i dislike it when you whistle. 我不愛聽你吹口哨。(from )we really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她來幫忙了，我們十分感激。id prefer it if i didnt have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。【說明】能用于此結構的動詞不多，常見

35、的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。(3) 動詞 + prep + it + that-從句。如：see to it that youre not late again. 注意千萬不要再遲到。look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再發生這種事。you may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心，他會來接你的。i cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保證他會來。(fro

36、m )【說明】能用于此結構的動詞不多，常見的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。(4) 動詞 + it + 介詞短語+ that-從句。如：i owe it to you that i am still alive. 多虧有你我才仍然活著。i took it for granted that he would help us. 我認為他會幫助我們的。【說明】能用于此結構的動詞不多，常見的有take it for granted, bring it to sbs atten

37、tion, owe it to sb 等。高考語法 it用法小結來源：天星 更新日期：2007-11-11 點擊： 9107it 用法小結雖不是高考的熱點，但這兩年全國各省市試題經常出現。我們不能疏忽。 下面是用法20條。 并通過高考試題進行鞏固： 1.it is+被強調部分+that該句型是強調句型，將被強調的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，強調的主語如果是人，可以用來替換，如果把這種句型結構劃掉后，應該是一個完整無缺的句子，這也是判斷強調句型與其他從句的方法。it was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. it was in th

38、e street that i met her father.it was with great joy _he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建) a. because b. which c. since d. that(d) 2. it is not until +被強調的部分+ that 該句型譯成漢語“直到才”，可以說是的強調形式。it was not until she took off her dark glasses that i realized she was a film st

39、ar. =not until she took off her dark glasses did i realize she was a film star. =i didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.it was _back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北) a. not until midnight did he go b. until midnight that he didnt go c. not until midnight t

40、hat he went d. until midnight when he didnt go (c) 3. it is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that.該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的主語從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然、真的、肯定）”是主語從句最常見的結構。it is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.=that hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. it is important (necessary,

41、right, strange, natural) that該句型和上一句同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形）should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。it is important that we (should) learn english well.it is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. it is said (reported, learned) that該句型中的it 仍是形式主語，真正的主語是that 引導的主語從句。該結構常譯為“據說（據報道，

42、據悉）it is said that he has come to beijing.it is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. it is suggested (ordered) that該句型和上一句屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求、建議、命令等詞時，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣 （should+動詞原形）。可以省略，常譯為“據建議；有命令”it is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.it was ordered that we

43、 (should) arrive there in two hours.7. it is a pity (a shame) that 在該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。 it is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.這種事竟然發生在你們班上，真是遺憾。it is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遺憾！8. it is time (about time, high time) t

44、hat該句型中that后的從句應該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是：常用過去時態表示虛擬，有時也用should+動詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為“是（正是）的時候”it is time that children should go to bed. =it is time that children went to bed.9. it is the first (second, )time that該句型應和上一個句型區別開來。該句型中不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態。至于用哪種完成時態，由主句的謂語動詞的時態來決定。如果是一般現在時，從句用現在完成時態；如果是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時態。該結構

45、中that可以省去；it有時用this替換，常譯為“是第一（二,）次”。10. it is since該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時，要和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。主句中是時間作表語，其時態是現在時和完成時，引導的從句通常是一般過去時態，而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時。it is (has been) 5 years since his father died.it is almost five years _we saw each other last time. (2005 北京) a. before b. since c. after d. when(b)

46、11. it is when該句型中的when引導的是一個時間狀語從句，主句中的it指時間，表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為“當的時候，是”it was 5 oclock when he came here.12. it bebefore該句型主句中的it指時間，主句中的時態常是一般將來時或過去時兩種時態，主句中的表語多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示時間段的詞和短語。常譯為“之后才”，“沒過就”it was 3 days before he went to beijing. it will not be long before he finishes his

47、 job.13. it happens (seems, looks, appears) that該句型中的it 是形式主語，that 引導的是主語從句，主句中的happen, seem等詞是不及物動詞。it happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧)it seems that he will be back in a few days. (看來)the foreign minister said, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.

48、” (2004北京) a. this is b. there is c. that is d. it is(d) 14. it takes sbto do sth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間。常譯為“做要花費某人”it took thousands of people many years to build the great wall.15it is no good (use) doing sth.該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).it is n

49、o good learning english without speaking english.16. it doesnt matter whether該句型中的引導的從句是真正的主語，該句型譯為“不論（是否）沒關系it doesnt matter whether they are old.17it is kind (of sb) to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由of引出，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語的形容詞。常見的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest

50、, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教養的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。這個句型可以改寫為sb.is kind to do sth. it is kind of you to stay so =you are kind to say so.18. it is necessary (for sb) to do sth 該句型與上一句統屬一個句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for 引出的，主句的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：imp

51、ortant,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。it is important for her to come to the party. =it is important that she (should) come to the party.19. it looks (seems) as if 該句型中it 無意義。as if 引導一個狀語從句，常譯為：“看起來好像”如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。it looks

52、 as if he is ill. （真的病了） it looks as if he was ill. （事實上沒有生病）it seemed as if he was dying.20. we think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為“7123結構”7指主句中的常用的動詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.1指的是形式賓語it .2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that引導的賓語從句。we think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.xiaoli felt it important learning english well.they found it difficult that they would f