1、時時態態 一、定義： 在英語中，發生的 動作要用不同的動詞形式來表 示，這每一種不同的形式就叫做時態。 不同時間 1 一般現在時 一般過去時 現在進行時 過去進行時 現在完成時 一般將來時 二、時態的種類：初中常見的時態的種類：初中常見的6種時態種時態 2 概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 構成形式 ： 1.一般現在時態( The Simple Present Tense) 表示經常發生的或習慣性的動作或 狀態。 1.be 2.v.原形3.v.- s/es(第三人稱單數) every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three t

2、imes a day , etc 3 2.動詞第三人稱單數的變化規則動詞第三人稱單數的變化規則 一般情況下，在動詞 原形后加-s runs, likes 以 s,x,sh,ch,o 結尾 的動詞，在詞尾加-es teachteaches washwashes 以輔音字母加y結尾的動 詞，先將y變為i再加-es studystudies trytries 不規則變化：have，be 等 4 例如：They have lunch at 12:00. 陳述句 They dont have lunch at 12:00. 否定句 Do they have lunch at 12:00? 一般疑問句 主

3、語是非三單人稱 變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞dont ； 變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞do。 3.一般現在時-句型變化 5 一般現在時一般現在時-句型變化句型變化 ? 2）三單人稱做主語的 ?變否定句須在動詞前加助動詞doesnt ； ?變一般疑問句須在句首加助動詞does。 ?例如： Jenny speaks English very well. 陳述句 Jenny doesnt speak English very well. 否定句 Does Jenny speak English very well? 一般疑問 6 我一到達那兒，就會給你寫信。 4.一般現在時的注意點一般現在時的注意點:

4、 1 、表客觀事實或普遍真理 The earth _ (go) round the sun. 2、在when ,as soon as, until, after, before 等到引導的時間狀語從句和 if 引導 的條件狀語從句中, 用一般現在時表示將來 . If it doesnt rain tomorrow , well have a picnic . goes 如果明天不下雨，我們將去野餐。 Ill write to you as soon as I get there . 7 直擊中考 1. Bob often _ his mother with the housework on S

5、undays. A.help B. helping C. helps 2. How is Mike now? -Dont worry. He will call us as soon as he _ the USA. A.gets B. reaches C. will get 3. Ill talk to him when he _. A. comes B. will come C. came C B A 8 概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 構成形式 ： 2. 一般過去時態(The Simple Past Tense) 表示過去某個時間發生的動 作或存在的狀態 V+ed yesterday, jus

6、t now, last , this morning, ago, etc 9 2.動詞過去式的規則變化動詞過去式的規則變化 一般情況下，在動詞原形 后加-ed workworked help-helped 以輔音字母加y結尾的動 詞，先將y變為i再加-ed carrycarried study-studied 以e結尾的動詞，直接加 -d livelived like-liked 以重讀閉音節結尾且末尾 只有一個輔音字母的動詞， 雙寫該輔音字母后再加 -ed stopstopped plan-planned 10 一般過去時的注意點一般過去時的注意點: 1、當沒有明顯的時間狀語時 ,描 述幾個

7、相繼發生過的動作述幾個相繼發生過的動作 I always got up too late , washed my face , had a quick breakfast and hurried to school . 2、since 從句中常用一般過去時 You havent changed much since we last _(meet) .met 11 返回目錄 B A 1.Hello, mum. Are you still on Lushan Mountain? Oh, no. We are back home. We _ a really good journey. A. hav

8、eB. hadC. are having 2. When _ you _ here? Two days ago. A. did; comeB. have; comeC. do; come 12 概念概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 構成形式 ： 表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存表示將來某個時間要發生的動作或存 在的狀態在的狀態 tomorrow, in three days，this, next, soon, etc. 1. will+do /be 2. am/is/are going to +do 3. am/is/are + doing 3.一般將來時態(The Simple Future Ten

9、se) 13 Look at the dark clouds, it _rain. Tomorrow _ be April Fools Day. 一般將來時的注意點: will is going to 14 4. 現在進行時態現在進行時態( The Present Continuous Tense) 概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 表示現在或現階段正在發生的動作表示現在或現階段正在發生的動作 now,listen,look, right now, these days, at this moment,etc am/is/are+doing 構成形式 ： 15 一般在動詞原形后 +ing 以不發音的e

10、結尾 的，去e，+ing 重讀閉音節以一個 輔音字母結尾的， 雙寫這一字母+ing 動詞-ing形式的構成： writing taking getting running swimming goinggo ask write take get run swim asking 16 現在進行時的注意點現在進行時的注意點: 2. 表達狀態、感情和感覺的動詞不能用表達狀態、感情和感覺的動詞不能用 進行時。 如：中know, be, want, think, see, hear, like, hope, love, have 1. 在表達時，切記不要忘了 be 動詞。 am/is/aredoing 1

11、7 概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 構成形式 ： 5. 過去進行時態(The Past Continuous Tense) 表示過去某一時刻或某一時間 段正在發生的動作。 was/were+doing at this time yesterday, from seven to nine last night, at that moment, etc When引導的時間狀語從句 I was readinga book when Jim called. While 引導的時間狀語從句 The UFO took off while the man was taking photos. 18 A.概念： 構

12、成形式 ： 6. 現在完成時態(The Present Perfect Tense) 發生在過去且對現在仍有影響 的動作,強調對現在的影響 . have /has +done 1. Can you go to the movies with me tonight? Sorry, I cant. I havent finishedmy homework yet. 2.- I have learned how to make dumplings before. 常用時間狀語 ： yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時間點，f

13、or+時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, 19 B. 1.表示某個動作從過去開始一直持續到現在，有可能 在將來還要延續。 2. 主語+has/have +done+for/since I have taught Englishfor 21 years. since 1992 since I graduat ed from the university. He has been away from his home for 40 years. 3. 動詞必須為可延續性動詞 leave=be away from begin=be on arri

14、ve=be in borrow=keep buy=have 20 C. 1. Has /have +been to( 曾經到過某地，人已回 來) I have been to Hangzhou many times. 2. Has/have+ gone to( 去了某地，人在路上或在目 的地） Where is Mr.Green? He has gone to London. 21 D.常見句型 It is +一段時間+ since 從句(一般過去時). It is three days since they borrowed that book. 22 現在完成時的注意點現在完成時的注意點:

15、 1. have been to , have been in 和 have gone to 的區別 2. 短暫性動詞和持續性動詞 1).Tom _never_ to America 2).- Is Tina at home? - Sorry, she _ Shanxi, and she _there for three days. 23 譯下列句子：譯下列句子： 、這本書他買了一年了 4、 這本書他借了三天了。 5、我們離開廣州六年了。、我們離開廣州六年了。 He has boughtthis book for a year . He has had this book for a year

16、 . He has borrowedthe book for three days . He has kept the book for 3 days . We have left Guangzhou for 6 years . We have been away fromGuangzhou for 6 years . 短暫性動詞不能跟表示一段時間的狀語 連用, 必須轉變成持續性動詞 24 返回目錄 1.( 13衡陽28題）-Look at these stamps. I _them for five years. -Wow, they are wonderful. A.kept B.have

17、 kept C.have bought 2.（ 11衡陽25題）-May I speak to Mary ？ -Sorry，she isn t in. She _ to Japan and will come back in two weeks. A.has been B.has gone C.is going B B 25 3.（ 10衡陽24題）Dashan _ Chinese since he came to China. He speaks good Chinese now. A. learnedB.has learnedC.learns 4.（ 09衡陽26題）He _for two

18、 months. I hope he will be back soon. A. has leftB. has been awayC. left 返回目錄 B B 26 III.動詞時態專項突破及應試對策動詞時態專項突破及應試對策 ?專項突破： 1 ,慧眼識別標志詞 Eg.( )1，-Shall we go shopping now? - Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts. A, wash B, washes C, am washing D, washed. ( )2, “ Hero” is a wonderful movie. I _ it twice already

19、. A,will see B, see C, saw D, have seen. 特別提醒：敏銳捕捉時間標志詞，并結合具體的語境，選 擇出正確的動詞時態，是解決此類問題的良策。請同學們 熟記各種常用時態所對應的時間狀語及標志詞。 C D 27 2，瞻前顧后巧搭配，瞻前顧后巧搭配 利用上下文所提供的信息，瞻前顧后，選擇正確的 動詞形式。 Eg.( )1，- How was your weekend on the farm? - Great! We _ with the farmer. A,enjoy ourselves. B, went fishing C, will work D, make

20、friends 這種情況也非常適用“用所給詞適當形式填空”中。 2,-What are you doing, Jim? - I _ (draw) a beautiful horse. 3, I _(hear)a sound and got up. B am drawing heard 28 3，主從時態須呼應 如果所給的題干是主從復合句，可根據主從時態呼應 原則確定正確的時態 Eg.( )1，I _ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow. A, will return B, returned C, have returned D, return ( )2

21、,- Did you see Tom at the party? - No, he _ by the time I got there. A, left B, was leaving C, had left D, has left 特別提醒：近年來中考試題在考查主從句的時態呼應時， 常將其放在實際的語境中考查。在解題時，希望同學們 把握好主從復合句的用法。 A C 29 4， 細心體會用語境 近年來各地中考對動詞時態考查的要求越來越高，有的 趨向于不出現時間狀語，而向情景化、實際化方向發展。 因此，細心體會所給的語境，根據具體的語境來選擇合 適的時態是考生需要重點解決的問題。 Eg.( ) 1

22、,-Tom, _ you _ smoking? - Yes. Now drinking tea is my favorite. A, will ,stop B, did, stop C, would stop D, have stopped. ( )2, - Youve left the light on. - Oh, sorry. _ and turn it off. A, Ive gone B, Ill go C, I went D, Im going. D B 30 Exercise had had She told me that she_ (have) this bike for t

23、hree years. 31 概念： 常用時間狀語 ： 構成形式 ： 8.過去完成時: (The Past PerfectTense) 主語+ had done by the end of last year, by, before +過去的時 間點；由when, before, after, by the time等 引導的狀語叢句中，表示主句的動作發生在 從句之前。 表示在過去某一時刻前已完成的 動作。也稱“過去的過去” 32 過去完成時的注意點過去完成時的注意點: 用于賓詞從句中，當主句的謂語動詞 是一般過去時時,一定要注意賓語從句 中的時態變化。 He said that he _th

24、e film many times. had seen 33 9. 現在完成進行時態 S+has/have being +done We have being learned English for an hour. 34 Exercise 1.The volleyball match will be put off if it. A . will rain B. rains C .rained D. is raining 2.-Do you want to see the film “Harry Potter ”? -The film “Harry Potter ”? I _ it . It

25、s very wonderful. (2008黃崗中考) A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has seen 3.The boy _(not swim) in the river yet. hasnt swum 35 5.-Where is Liu Mei? - She_(go) home. 4.- Where is your father? - He _ (watch) TV in the room. 7.He asked what they_(do) at eight last night. were doing 8.I know that he _(joi

26、n) the army in1985. joined 6.We dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic. is watching will rain rains has gone 36 9 .Hes not hungry. He_ just_ (have) lunch. 11.-_the Blacks _(visit) the Great Wall before? -Yes , they_. -When _they _(visit) it? -Only a month ago. 10. Im sure he _(work) it out in one hour . has will work Have had visited have did visit 37 12.He_(look) out of the window when the match_(begin). was looking began 38 II.動詞時態要點說明動詞時態要點說明 名稱標志詞動詞形式 一般現在時 every day, often