FoodBiochemistry知到課后答案智慧樹章節測試答案2025年春華南理工大學第一章單元測試

Theknowledgeoffoodbiochemistrymostlyfocusedonthechemistryrelatedtoprocessing,whileforfoodbiochemistry,itismainlyaboutthechemicalbasisoffoodbiotechnology.（）（難度1級）

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第二章單元測試

Prokaryoteshaverelativelysimplestructuresandarealmostallunicellular.（）（難度1級）

A:對B:錯

答案:對DNAisalinearpolymermadeupof（）differenttypesofmonomers.

A:ThreeB:SixC:FiveD:Four

答案:FourAccordingtothecharacteristicsofbiochemistry,howmanybasicgroupscanthelivingthingsinthemodernworldbedividedinto?（）

A:BacteriaB:ArchaeaC:EukaryaD:Prokaryote

答案:Bacteria###Archaea###EukaryaWhatforcescausethetwostrandsofDNAtobindtoeachother?wemustconsiderseveralfactors:（）

A:BondsinbiochemicalsystemsB:TheenergeticfavorabilityofthereactionC:ThetypesofinteractionsD:Theinfluenceofthesolutionconditions

答案:Bondsinbiochemicalsystems###Theenergeticfavorabilityofthereaction###Thetypesofinteractions###TheinfluenceofthesolutionconditionsTheenergyofanionicinteraction(sometimescalledanelectrostaticinteraction)isgivenbytheCoulombenergy.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對ThemessageistranslatedwhentransferRNA(tRNA)moleculesalignwiththerRNAbycomplementarybasepairingbetweenthree-nucleotidesegmentsknownascodons.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯

第三章單元測試

Anα-aminoacidconsistsofacentralcarbonatom,calledtheαcarbon.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對LysineandargininehavelongsidechainsthatterminatewithgroupsthatarepositivelychargedatneutralpH.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對What’sfunctionsofproteinsinbiologicalprocesses?（）

A:StoreoxygenmoleculesB:TansportC:CatalystsD:Transmitnerveimpulses

答案:Storeoxygenmolecules###Tansport###Catalysts###TransmitnerveimpulsesWhat’stheaminogroupinthedipolarform?（）

A:–COO-B:–CH3C:–NH3++D:–CH2–

答案:–COO-###–NH3++Eachaminoacidunitinapolypeptidechainiscalledaresidue.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對NHgroupisagoodhydrogen-bonddonor.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對What’stherequirementforthebiosynthesisofpeptidebonds?（）

A:α-aminogroupB:HydrolysisC:NHgroupD:Inputoffreeenergy

答案:Inputoffreeenergy

第四章單元測試

Proteinscanbeseparatedfromoneanotheronthebasisofsolubility,size,charge,andbindingability.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Thesolubilityofproteininwaterisaffectedbythedistributionofhydrophobicandhydrophilicchargedgroupsonthesurfaceofproteinmolecules.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Whichofthenarrativesaboutproteinextractionisincorrect.（）

A:Beforeseparatingandpurifyingtheprotein,theproteinmustbereleasedbyanappropriatemethod.B:ThecrudeproteinextractcanbecentrifugedtoremovesomesmallmolecularimpuritiesC:Whenextracting,differentsolventsshouldbeselectedaccordingtothedifferentcharacteristicsoftheproteinD:Thecrudeproteinproductmaybeamixtureofmultipleproteins

答案:ThecrudeproteinextractcanbecentrifugedtoremovesomesmallmolecularimpuritiesAnimalshaveaverylargerepertoireofantibody-producingcells,eachproducinganantibodythatcontainsseveralsurfacesforantigenrecognition.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Theenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)makesuseofanenzymethatreactswithacolorlesssubstratetoproduceacoloredproduct.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Whenpurifyingspecificantibodies,whichofthefollowingmethodsshouldbeusedtoremoveimpurities?（）

A:IonexchangechromatographyB:GelfiltrationC:SaltingoutD:Immunoaffinitychromatography

答案:Immunoaffinitychromatography

第五章單元測試

98%ofhumanDNAisnoncoding,theydidnotmakeproteins.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Nuclearorganizationreferstothespatialdistributionofchromatinwithinacellnucleus.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Thesugarindeoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)isdeoxyribose.RNAhasoxygenatomatposition（）carbon.

A:3B:1C:4D:2

答案:2AccordingtothefirstaccuratemodelofDNAstructurecreatedbyJamesWatson&FrancisCrickin1953,Whichofthefollowingistrue?（）

A:Adenine(A)pairswithuracil(U).B:DNAisadoublehelixthismakesDNAlooklikea“twistedladder”.C:ThemonomerforDNAisthenucleotideD:Cytosine(C)alwayspairswithguanine(G)

答案:DNAisadoublehelixthismakesDNAlooklikea“twistedladder”.###ThemonomerforDNAisthenucleotide###Cytosine(C)alwayspairswithguanine(G)Thecentraldogmaofmolecularbiologydescribesthetwo-stepprocess,transcriptionandtranslation,bywhichtheinformationingenesflowsintoproteins:DNA→RNA→protein.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對OkazakifragmentsareshortsequencesofDNAnucleotideswhicharesynthesizeddiscontinuouslyOkazakifragmentswerelaterlinkedtogetherbytheenzymeDNAligasetocreatetheleadingstrandduringDNAreplication.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯HersheyandChaseusephageVirusesasworkingmodel.wasusedtolabeltheDNAcontainedintheT2phage,usedtolabeltheproteinsectionsoftheT2phage.（）

A:phosphorus-32,sulfur-32B:phosphorus-32,sulfur-35C:phosphorus-30,sulfur-35D:phosphorus-30,sulfur-32

答案:phosphorus-32,sulfur-35

第六章單元測試

PCRprimersfortheqPCRstepofRT-qPCRshouldideallybedesignedtospananexon-exonjunction,withoneoftheamplificationprimerspotentiallyspanningtheactualexon-intronboundary.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Intwo-stepRT-qPCRassays,thereversetranscriptionandPCRstepsareperformedinseparatetubes,withdifferentoptimizedbuffers,reactionconditions,andprimingstrategies.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對AbasicPCRset-uprequiresseveralcomponentsandreagents,Whichofthefollowingareincluded?（）

A:DNApolymeraseB:DNAtemplateC:TwoDNAprimersD:dNTPs

答案:DNApolymerase###DNAtemplate###TwoDNAprimers###dNTPsAboutstepofgeneclone,Whichofthefollowingareincluded?（）

A:IntroductionofrecombinantDNAintohostorganismB:CreationofrecombinantDNAwithDNAligaseC:PreparationofRNAtobeclonedD:ScreeningforcloneswithdesiredDNAinsertsandbiologicalproperties

答案:IntroductionofrecombinantDNAintohostorganism###CreationofrecombinantDNAwithDNAligase###ScreeningforcloneswithdesiredDNAinsertsandbiologicalpropertiesGoldenriceisavarietyofriceproducedthroughgeneticengineeringtobiosynthesizebeta-carotene,aprecursorofvitaminA,intheediblepartsofrice.ItisintendedtoproduceafoodtobegrownandconsumedinareaswithashortageofdietaryvitaminA.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對MostcurrentGMcropshavebeenengineeredforresistancetoinsects,tolerancetoherbicidesorboth.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Mainlyproteinproductionincludesthreemainsteps,including（）

A:GenecloningB:ProteinpurificationC:ProteinquantificationD:Geneexpression

答案:Genecloning###Proteinpurification###Geneexpression

第七章單元測試

Peoplefindthatnearlyallknownenzymesareproteins.ThereareonlyafewRNAamongthem.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Theenzyme-catalyzedreactionisspecificandanenzymeonlycatalyzesasinglechemicalreaction.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Enzymescouldacceleratethereactionrateandcouldaltertheequilibriumofachemicalreaction.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Themoststrikingcharacteristicsofenzymesareand（）.

A:SpecificityB:TendernessC:DiversityD:Catalyticpower

答案:Specificity###CatalyticpowerThetransitionstateisatransitorymolecularstructurethatisnolongerthesubstratebutisnotyettheproduct.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Muchofthecatalyticpowerofenzymescomesfromtheirbindingtoandthenalteringthestructureofthesubstratetopromotetheformationofthetransitionstate.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第八章單元測試

Simplecarbohydratesarecalledmonosaccharides.Thesesimplesugarsservenotonlyasfuelmoleculesbutalsoasfundamentalconstituentsoflivingsystems.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Glucoseandfructoseareanessentialenergysourceforvirtuallyallformsoflife.

（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Thepredominantformsofribose,glucose,fructose,andmanyothersugarsinsolution,asisthecaseinsidethecell,arenotopenchains.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Ofthefollowingstatementsaboutglucose,thewrongoneis（）

A:Glucoseisanutrientthatprovidesenergytothehumanbody.Itmainlyproducesoxidationreactioninthehumanbody.B:TheformulaforglucoseisC6H12O6,whichisapolyhydroxyaldehydeandthushasthepropertiesofanaldehydeandanalcohol.C:Glucoseisacarbohydratebecauseitsmolecule(C6H12O6)consistsofsixcarbonatomsandsixwatermolecules.D:Glucoseisamonosaccharide,whichisanisomeroffructose.

答案:Glucoseisacarbohydratebecauseitsmolecule(C6H12O6)consistsofsixcarbonatomsandsixwatermolecules.Inthedisaccharidemaltose,forexample,twoD-glucoseresiduesarejoinedbyaglycosidiclinkagebetweentheα-anomericformofC-1ononesugarandthehydroxyloxygenatomonC-4oftheadjacentsugar.（）（難度2級）

A:錯B:對

答案:對AdisaccharideconsistsoftwosugarsjoinedbyanN-glycosidicbond.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯

第九章單元測試

Fattyacidnamesarebasedontheirparenthydrocarbons.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Fattyacidsvaryinchainlengthanddegreeofunsaturation.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Unsaturatedfattyacidshavehighermeltingpointsthandosaturatedfattyacidsofthesamelength.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Whicharethedifferencesofmembranesbetweenarchaeonandeukaryotesorbacteria?（）

A:AlloftheaboveB:NonpolarchainsC:AlkylchainsD:Stereochemistryofthecentralglycerol

答案:AlloftheaboveMostintegralmembraneproteinsspanthelipidbilayer.（）（難度1級）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Aliposome,orlipidvesicle,isasmallaqueouscompartmentsurroundedbyalipidbilayer.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Lipidbilayermembraneshaveaveryhighpermeabilityforionsandmostpolarmolecules.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Whichmembranecanthegel-electrophoresispatterns?（）

A:ThephotoreceptormembraneofretinalrodcellsB:TheplasmamembraneoferythrocytesC:ThesarcoplasmicreticulummembraneofmuscleD:Alloftheabove

答案:Alloftheabove

第十章單元測試

Glycolyticpathwayiscommontovirtuallyallcells,bothprokaryoticandeukaryotic.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對GlucoseisphosphorylatedbyATPtoformfructose6-phosphate.

（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Theoxidationofanaldehydetoanacidpowerstheformationofacompoundwithhighphosphoryl-transferpotential.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Thereactionsofglycolysiscanbedividedinto（）steps.

A:9B:11C:10D:8

答案:10Underaerobicconditions,thepyruvateiscompletelyoxidizedviathecitricacidcycletocarbondioxideandwater.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對TheATPneedsriseslowerthantheabilityofthebodytoprovideoxygentothemuscle.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯Inthemetabolismofhexosesotherthanglucose，mannoseisconvertedtofructose-6-phosphate.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對

第十一章單元測試

Thecitricacidcycleoxidizestwocarbonunits,producingtwomoleculesofCO2,onemoleculeofATP,andhigh-energyelectronsintheformofNADHandFADH2.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Themainfunctionofthecitricacidcycleistheharvestingofhigh-energyelectronsfromcarbonfuels.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對ThefirststepofconversionofpyruvateintoacetylCoAisoxidation.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Whichoffollowingistheprecursorsforbiosynthesis?（）

A:AcetylCoAB:PyruvateC:GlucoseD:Oxaloacetate

答案:AcetylCoAThecitricacidcycleisprimarilyregulatedbytheconcentrationofATPandNADH.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對WhenthecellhasalowlevelofATP,therateoftheTCAcycleisreduced.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯GlyoxylatecycleismetabolicpathwaythatallowstheconversionofacetylCoAgeneratedfromfatsstoresintoGlucoseinplantsandsomemicroorganism.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對

第十二章單元測試

Theelectronacceptorforrespirationinalllivingorganismsmustbehydrogen.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Mitochondriaaresemiautonomousorganellesthatliveinanendosymbioticrelationwiththehostcell.TheseorganellescontaintheirownDNA,whichencodesavarietyofdifferentproteinsandRNAs.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對Thefollowingstatementsaboutoxidativephosphorylationarefalse.（）

A:Oxidativephosphorylationoccursinthemitochondria.B:ElectronsaretransferredthroughtherespiratorychaintooxygentoproducethreemoleculesofATP.C:OxidationofasubstanceisaccompaniedbyADPphosphorylationtoATPD:P/OcandeterminethenumberofATPproduced

答案:ElectronsaretransferredthroughtherespiratorychaintooxygentoproducethreemoleculesofATP.Thefollowingcompoundsareallcomponentsoftherespiratorychainexcept（）

A:CoAB:NAD+C:CoQD:Cytb

答案:CoAThefourcomplexesofrespiratorychaincontainferrithioprotein.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Therespiratorychaininlivingorganismsishighlyconserved,sotherespiratorychainUSESoxygenasthefinalacceptorofelectrons.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯

第十三章單元測試

Atthecoreoftheglycogenmoleculeistheproteinglycogenin.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Pyridoxalphosphateparticipatesinthephosphorolyticcleavageofglycogen.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Whatisthefateofglucose6-phosphate?（）

A:ItisderivedfromglycogenB:ItcanalsobeconvertedintofreeglucoseintheliverC:ItcanbeusedasafuelforanaerobicoraerobicmetabolisminmuscleD:ItcanbeprocessedbythepentosephosphatepathwaytogenerateNADPH

答案:Itisderivedfromglycogen###Itcanalsobeconvertedintofreeglucoseintheliver###Itcanbeusedasafuelforanaerobicoraerobicmetabolisminmuscle###ItcanbeprocessedbythepentosephosphatepathwaytogenerateNADPHGlucagonandepinephrinetriggerthebreakdownofglycogen.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:對Glucagonstimulatesliverglycogenbreakdownwhenbloodglucoseishigh.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:錯Glycogensynthasecanaddglucosylresiduesonlytoapolysaccharidechainalreadycontainingatleastfourresidues.（）

A:錯B:對

答案:對

第十四章單元測試

ThesynthesisoffattyacidsUSEScarnitinetotransportacetyl-coAfromthemitochondriatothecytoplasm.（）

A:對B:錯

答案:錯TheDEnovosynthesisoffattyacids,whichstatementiscorrect?（）

A:Acetyl-CoAisnotusedB:ItproduceslessthantencarbonatomsoffattyacidsC:ItoccursmainlyinthemitochondriaD:Theintermediatemalonyl-CoAisrequired

答案:Theintermediatemalonyl-CoAisrequiredWhi