PAGEPAGE25Unit8Adventure(一)課前自主學習Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．safarin． (尤指在東非或中非的)游獵， 探險旅行2．raftn. 木排，木筏3．white-waterrafting 激流漂流4．horizonn. 地平線5．bungeejumpingn. 蹦極6．snowboardingn. 單板滑雪7．snowraftingn. 動力雪橇滑降8．theAntarctic 南極地區_9．sledgen. 雪車，雪橇10．Norwegianadj. 挪威的n. 挪威人11．Arcticn. 北極，北極區12．philosophyn. 哲學Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形1．adventure_n. 奇遇，冒險的經驗2．majoradj. 較重要的；較嚴峻的3．wildadj. 野生的；狂熱的4．extra_adj. 特殊的；額外的5．altituden. 高度，海拔6．exactlyadv. 準確地，精確地7．riskvt. 冒……的危急8．excitementn. 興奮，激烈9．statement_n. 陳述10．quantityn．[縱聯1] 量，數量11．sadnessn. 悲傷，悲傷12．functionvi. 運轉；發揮作用13．nationalityn. 國籍14．aim_n. 目標；目的15．transport_n. 運輸，運輸16．disadvantagen. 不利，不利條件17．staffn. 員工，全體工作人員18．survivaln. 幸存，殘存19．sheltern. 遮擋，庇護所20．observevt.[縱聯2] 視察，觀測21．cheerfuladj.[縱聯3] 開心的，興奮的22．limitn. 邊界；限度Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．distantadj.遠處的；久遠的→distancen．遙遠2．differvi.不同于，有區分→differencen．不同之處→differentadj.不同的3．anxiousadj.憂慮的，擔憂的→anxietyn．焦慮，擔憂4．extremeadj.極度的，極端的→extremelyadv.極其地，極端地5．similarityn．相像性；類似性→similaradj.同樣的；類似的→similarlyadv.同樣地；類似地6．amazevt.使驚愕(驚異)→amazedadj.驚愕的，驚訝的→amazingadj.令人驚異的→amazementn．驚訝，驚愕7．confusevt.使困惑→confusedadj.困惑的→confusingadj.令人困惑的→confusionn．混亂；困惑8．preparationn．打算，預備→preparevt.打算；預備9．patiencen．耐性；忍耐力→patientadj.耐性的n.病人→patientlyadv.耐性地縱聯1.由quantity想到的①several幾個 ②couple一對③score二十 ④dozen十二個⑤numerous很多的 ⑥none沒有⑦hundred一百 ⑧million百萬⑨billion十億 ⑩trillion萬億縱聯2.“看”遍天下①notice留意到，留心 ②observe視察③watch觀看，關注 ④stare(at)注視，盯著看⑤glance(at)匆忙看一眼；瞥 ⑥glare(at)怒視；瞪⑦witness經驗，見證 ⑧peer窺視，注視⑨look(at)看 ⑩gaze注視?glimpse一瞥縱聯3.今兒個真“興奮”①cheerful ②happy③glad ④pleased⑤delighted ⑥joyful⑦merry ⑧nice⑨pleasant ⑩agreeable單元話題——冒險活動子話題1冒險活動的打算①visan．簽證 ②passportn．護照③insurancen．保險 ④suitcasen．小提箱⑤baggagen．行李 ⑥reservevt.預訂⑦destinationn．目的地，終點 ⑧setout/off動身⑨bookaroom預訂房間 ⑩putup投宿?checkin登記入住子話題2冒險活動的分類①expeditionn．遠征 ②journeyn．旅行，行程③tourn．參觀，觀光，旅行 ④voyagen．航行，旅行⑤outingn．郊游，遠足 ⑥tripn．短途旅行[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1．(2024·天津高考閱讀D)Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.Properlypreparing?packagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific?.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequires?(patient)．①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：preparation，加黑詞在此句中為動名詞作主語②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義副詞：exactly③用所給詞的適當形式填空：patience2．(2013·北京高考完形)Loladoesn'twanttobetreateddifferently?fromtheothergirlsonherteam.Atcompetitions,thejudgesdon'tknowabouthervisionproblems.Shedoesn'ttellthem,becauseshedoesn'tthinktheyneedtoknow.Hermomisamazed?byherpositiveattitude?.①寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：differ②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：amaze③寫出加黑詞在本單元的形近異義詞：altitude3．(2010·四川高考完形)Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure?，theentireairplanebecamevery?quiet.Therewasnowasenseofanxiety?andfearthatcouldbeclearlynoticed.①寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：冒險的經驗，加黑詞也可作動詞，意為冒險，大膽說出②寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義形容詞：extreme③寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：anxious該句為therebe句型，其謂語動詞的單復數由后面的名詞或代詞來確定高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(依據漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1．(2024·北京高考書面表達)外國學生沉醉于我的每一個舉動，他們再次驚異于這種獨特的文化，忍不住時常拍照。(amazed)Absorbed_in_every_move_of_mine,_the_foreign_students_were_once_again_amazed_by_this_unique_culture_and_they_couldn't_help_taking_pictures_from_time_to_time.2．(2024·江蘇高考書面表達)排名的利與弊通常是緊密相關的，對排名保持客觀的看法很有必要。(disadvantage)The_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_ratings_are_often_closely_related.It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings.(二)課堂重點釋疑1．differvi.不同于，有區分[記牢](1)differfrom...in... 在……方面與……不同differwithsb. 與某人看法不同(2)differentadj. 不同的，有差異的bedifferentfrom... 不同于……(3)differencen. 差異，差別makea/nodifference 有/無影響tellthedifferencebetweenAandB 指出A與B的不同[練通]單句語法填空①ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.②Idifferwithhimonthatpointwherethebridgewillbebuilt,thoughhemayberight.③Iknewitwasthedifference(different)betweenlifeanddeath.完成句子④Eventhoughwecompletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_wearestillgreatfriends.雖然我們在性格上完全不同，但我們仍舊是很好的摯友。⑤Onlyifweknowwhatwedoinourdailylifeandlivealow-carbonlifecanwemake_a_difference.只有我們知道在日常生活中做什么，過一種低碳生活，我們才能有所影響。[寫美]⑥(2015·湖南高考書面表達)從我個人的閱歷中我相識到幾個贊美之詞對有些人會產生很大的影響。From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone.2．riskvt.冒……的危急n.冒險；危急；風險[記牢](1)risk(doing)sth. 冒險(做)某事(2)attheriskof(doing)sth. 冒著(做)某事的風險take/runtheriskof(doing)sth. 冒……的危急；冒險做某事take/runarisk/risks 冒險atrisk 境況危急；遭遇危急atallrisks/atanyrisk 無論冒什么風險，無論如何[練通]單句語法填空①Arescueworkerriskedhislifesaving(save)twotouriststrappedinthemountainsfortwodays.②Hewasdeterminedtodoitevenattheriskofbeing_laughed(laugh)at.完成句子③Whoeveryouare,don'ttake/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_joblikethat.無論你是誰，都不要冒險做那樣一份工作。④Thecaptainwasnotwillingtorisk_taking_his_shipthroughthestraitsinsuchbadweather.船長不情愿在這樣惡劣的天氣里冒險將船駛過海峽。[寫美]句型轉換⑤Thepasser-bysavedtheboy'slifeattheriskoflosinghisownlife.→Thepasser-byriskedhisownlifesavingtheboy'slife.3．confusevt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆[記牢](1)confuseAwith/andB 將A和B混淆(2)confusedadj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清晰的be/getconfused 被弄糊涂confusingadj. 令人迷惑的(3)confusionn. 混亂；困惑inconfusion 困惑地，窘況地；一塌糊涂，處于混亂狀態[練通]單句語法填空①Hiswritingissoconfusing(confuse)thatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.②Shegotshockedandconfused(confuse)—smokewaspouringfromthekitchen.完成句子③Ialwaysconfuse_you_with_your_sister—youlooksoalike.我總是把你和你妹妹搞混——你們太像了。④Helookedatmein_confusionanddidnotanswerthequestion.他困惑地看著我，沒有回答問題。[寫美]⑤(2024·江蘇高考書面表達)比如，有很多的參考書，我從中進行選擇的時候常感到困惑。For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.4．preparationn．打算，預備[記牢]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1makepreparationsfor/todosth.,inpreparationfor))為(做)某事做打算(be)inpreparation 在打算中(2)preparevt. 預備；籌備；調制；為……做打算vi. 打算；預備；做打算preparetodosth. 打算做某事prepare(sb.)forsth. (使某人)為某事做打算(3)preparedadj. 有打算的，事先打算好的eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(be/getwellpreparedfor/todosth.,be/getreadyfor/todosth.)) 情愿做某事；為(做)某事做好打算[練通]單句語法填空①Iprepareto_graduate(graduate)fromSanfordH．CalhounHighSchoolinMerrick.②Thebestpreparation(prepare)fortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.完成句子③Theteacheris_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_whilethestudentsare_preparing_forit.老師正在打算復習測試題，而學生正在為測試做打算。④Thesematerialsareusefultoreviewin_preparation_forthefinalexam.這些材料對復習打算期末考試很有幫助。⑤Ifyouareselectedinthisposition,youmustprepare_to_travelonbusinessfrequently.假如你被錄用，你必需打算常常出差。⑥Mrs.Whiteisbusymaking_preparations_forherdaughter'swedding.懷特夫人正忙著為女兒的婚禮做打算。[寫美]⑦(2024·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)首先，依據我們的傳統，你應當早點到達以便于你能幫助主子打算晚餐，那不僅有意義且好玩。To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting.5．aimn．目標，目的；瞄準vi.&vt.瞄準；對準；針對；(朝某方向)努力[辨清]寫出下列句中aim的含義①They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.(朝某方向)努力②Beforethehuntercouldtakeaim,thedeerjumpedoutofsight.瞄準③Ouraimistomakethestudents'speechcomprehensible.目標，目的④Thisanti-smokingcampaignismainlyaimedatyoungteenagers.針對[記牢](1)takeaimat 向……瞄準withtheaimof 以……為目標；旨在……(2)aimsth.atsb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄準某人或某物aimatdoingsth./aimtodosth. 意欲、企圖、旨在做某事beaimedat 目的是；旨在(3)aimlessadj. 無目的的aimlesslyadv. 無目標地[練通]單句語法填空⑤I'maimingto_finish(finish)alltasksbeforethesummerholidays.⑥Theywillstarttheirproject,aimingathelping(help)thepoorchildrentobeeducatedinthewestofChina.單句改錯⑦Therewasatimewhenhehadnothingtodo,wanderingaimlessinthestreetalltheday.aimless→aimlessly完成句子⑧Shevisitedtheschoolwith_the_aim_oflearningmoreadvancedteachingexperience.她參觀學校的目的是學習更多先進的教學閱歷。⑨Slowlyheraisedhisbowandbegantotake_aim_atthebirdstandinginthetreeinthedistance.漸漸地他舉起弓，起先瞄準那只站在遠處樹上的鳥。[寫美]⑩(2024·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)我寫信邀請你加入我們學校的乒乓球隊，目的是培育我們的愛好，提高我們的技術。I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills.6．observevt.視察，觀測；遵守；慶祝[辨清]寫出下列句中observe的含義①Itisnecessarythattrafficrulesshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.遵守②Radarisabletoobservehumanbehavior.視察③CouldyoutellmehowyouusuallyobserveThanksgivingDayinyourcountry？慶祝[記牢](1)observesb.do/doingsth. 看到某人做了/正在做某事observesth.done 看到某事被做observearule 遵守規則observethelaw 遵遵守法律律(2)observern. 視察者observationn. 視察；視察力；觀測underobservation 在視察中，在監視中[練通]單句語法填空④Sheobservedamanwalking(walk)ontheoppositesideoftheway.⑤Accordingtoobservers(observe),theplaneexplodedshortlyaftertake-off.⑥Inhospitalshe'llbeunderobservation(observe)allthetime.翻譯句子⑦當我們慶祝節日的時候，我們也必需遵守交通規則。When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules.[用準]observe作“視察；留意”講時，可用省去to的動詞不定式或v.-ing形式作賓語補足語；但假如用于被動語態，省去的動詞不定式符號to要還原。⑧Thepoliceobservedthemanenterthebank.→Themanwasobservedtoenterthebankbythepolice.[寫美]⑨(2015·江蘇高考書面表達)遵守交通規則是我們每個人的職責，這樣我們的社會才能井然有序。It_is_everybody's_duty_to_observe_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order.7．limitvt.限制；限定n.界限；邊界；限度[記牢](1)limit...to... 把……限定在……范圍內(2)setalimitto/on... 對……規定限度withinthelimitsof... 在……范圍內withinlimits 在確定范圍內；有限度地withoutlimit 無限地(3)limitedadj. 有限的belimitedtosth. 受限制于某物[練通]單句語法填空①Myfiancé(未婚夫)andIwereexcitedaboutshoppingforourfirsthome.Butourfundswerelimited(limit)．②Thereisalimittoone'slife,butnolimittoserving(serve)thepeople.③Wemustlimittheexpensestowhatwecanafford.完成句子④Within_the_limits_oflegalrights,peoplearefreetodoastheyplease.在法律權限范圍內，人們可以自由地做他們興奮做的事。⑤Wemustset_a_limit_totheexpenseofthetrip.我們必需為此次旅游費用定一個限額。⑥Ourlifehasalimit,butknowledgeiswithout_limit.生命有限，學問無涯。[寫美]⑦(2015·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)文章的長度應限制在四百詞左右。The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.[詞匯過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Yourworkhasimprovedinquantity(數量)andqualitythisterm.2．Thereweresomanypeoplethatthecompanyputonextra(額外的)buses.3．Therearevarious(各種各樣的)waysofgettingtothestation:bybus,bycaroronfoot.4．Uponreachingthislevel,temperaturenolongerincreaseswithaltitude(高度)．5．Saunder'slawyermadeabriefstatement(陳述)tothepressoutsidethecourt.6．Despitethepowercuts,thehospitalcontinuedtofunction(正常運轉)normally.7．Judgingfromwhathehasjustsaid,thecompanywillreducethestaff(員工)．8．ThetwoFrenchmenwentthroughstrangeadventures(奇遇)intheAfricanforests.9．Theyarenowfacingamajor(較重要的)problemhowtheyfinishtheworkontime.10．Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoturntheschoolintoagoodshelter(庇護所)forallthestudents.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Changingschoolsdidmakeadifference(differ)tomylife.2．Hestoppedinconfusion(confuse)aseveryoneturnedtolookathim.3．WhenIpassedhishouse,Iobservedhimplaying(play)inhisyard.4．Takearisk,andyoumayloseagain,butyouhaveimprovedyourchancestowin.5．ThemonitorassignedustomakepreparationsfortheupcomingChristmasparty.6．Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlessly(aimless)norcanwedenyitcompletely.7．Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosing(lose)thegoodopportunity.8．Inaddition,theinformationabouteachwordinapocketdictionaryisgenerallylimited(limit)．Ⅲ.單句改錯1．Thequestionissohard,andwe'reallgettingconfusingaboutit.confusing→confused2．Peopledifferfromeachotherontheirreactiontothisproblem.on→in3．Theteamhavebeentraininghardinpreparationsforthebiggame.preparations→preparation4．Brucewasobservedleavethebuildingwithtwoyoungmenandtakeataxiaway.leave前加to5．Theprogramisaimingatateenageaudience,soitispopularwiththem.aiming→aimedⅣ.完成句子/一句多譯1．湯姆正在學習，為下次考試做打算。Tomisstudyingin_preparation_forthenextexamination.2．一項調查表明，人們對該吃什么才能保持健康這個問題感到困惑。Asurveyshowedpeoplewere_confused_aboutwhattheyshouldeattostayhealthy.3．美國人和中國人在時間的處理上特別不一樣。①Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differin)②Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differfrom)③Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)4．為了通過駕照考試，他努力訓練。①Hetrainedhardwith_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test.(withtheaimof)②Hetrainedhard,aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aimat)③Hetrainedhard,aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aimtodosth.)(一)課前自主學習1．right_now 就在此刻2．in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3．upside_down 顛倒地，倒置地4．turn_up[串記1] 出現，到場；調高聲音5．back_out 確定不履行(承諾的事)6．get_across 使理解(某事)7．in_turn 輪番8．break_out[串記2] (壞事)突然發生，爆發9．put_..._into_prison 把……關進監獄10．stand_by 堅持(某種)說法；袖手旁觀11．on_one's_way[串記3] 在途中12．break_down 損壞，不能運轉；失敗13．run_out_of 用完，耗盡14．carry_on 接著做某事15．take_off 起飛；匆忙離去；脫掉； 起先勝利[同根短語串記]串記1.turn短語面面觀①turndown關小；拒絕 ②turnaway轉過身去；拒絕③turnout生產；結果是 ④turnin上交⑤turnto求助于 ⑥turnup出現；到場⑦turnon/off打開/關閉串記2.“動詞＋out”短語匯總①bringout出版；公布 ②carryout實施；執行③checkout結賬后離開 ④dropout退出⑤leaveout忽視；遺漏 ⑥cutout刪去；剪去⑦breakout突然發生，爆發串記3.“way”的相關短語知多少①onone'sway在途中 ②alltheway始終，完全③bytheway順便地 ④inaway在某種程度上⑤makeone'sway去，前往 ⑥underway在進行中⑦intheway擋道；礙事1．thefirsttoleave 第一個離開2．walkalongmountainpath 沿著山路走3．haveahotcupoftea 喝杯熱茶4．goodbyetomostofourdreams 告辭我們大多數的幻想5．oneofthebest-sellingbooksinEurope 在歐洲最暢銷的書之一6．beginhisjourneytotheAntarctic 起先他的南極之旅7．thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter 極地冬季的極夜時期8．seeChinesepeopleusingpapermoneyinthemarkets 看到中國人在市場上運用紙幣1．Whydo_you_thinkpeoplewouldwanttogoonthistrip?你認為人們為什么會想去進行這次旅行？2．WhenIturnedupformyfirstjumpIwasso_nervous_thatItriedtobackout,butmyfriendspersuadedmetogothroughwithit.當我第一次站在跳臺上時是如此驚慌以至于想退縮，但是摯友們勸服了我。3．Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.雖然人們愛讀他的書，但很多人認為馬可寫的關于中國的東西太離奇而不行信。4．Then_camethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.接下來極地冬日的極夜時期到來了。5．ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashaving_great_difficulty_walking.接下來離開的是奧茨上尉，他行走不便。[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞塊與句式1．(2010·山東高考閱讀B)Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)carry_on2．(2009·安徽高考閱讀A)Considergoingearlytoconferences,partiesandclasses.Sometimesjustafewpeopleshowupontime.That'sfewernamesforyoutoremember.Andasmorepeoplearrive，youcanhearthembeingintroducedtoothers—anautomaticreviewforyou.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)turn_up高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞塊與句式(依據漢語及提示翻譯句子)1．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)為了獲得一些實際閱歷，我安排在一家外資公司兼職。(inordertodosomething)In_order_to_get_some_practical_experience,_I_am_planning_to_take_a_part-time_job_in_a_foreign_capital_company.2．(2024·北京高考書面表達)我們做得很好以至于我們被邀請與我們學校的全部學生共享我們的想法和閱歷。(so...that)We_did_so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with_all_the_students_of_our_school.(二)課堂重點釋疑[短語集釋]1．takeoff起飛；脫去(衣服)；起先勝利；休假；匆忙離去[辨清]寫出下列句中takeoff的含義①Shegotacoldassoonasshetookoffhercoatwhenshegothomefromwork.脫去(衣服)②Hurryup.Theplanewilltakeoffinabouthalfanhour.起飛③Congratulations,Paulo!Nowmaybeyoucantakeafewdaysoff.休假④Afterhisthirdfilm,hiscareeroffilmperformancetookoff.起先勝利[記牢]takeover 接任，接管，接收；取得主導地位takein 汲取，理解；受騙；接待takeup 拿起；占據；對……有愛好；起先從事takeon 呈現；雇用；擔當[練通]完成句子⑤Hewashomeless,sowe_took_him_in.他無家可歸，我們便收留了他。⑥I'msorryI'vealreadytaken_upsomuchofyourvaluabletime.對不起，我占用了你這么多珍貴時間。[寫美]⑦(2014·江西高考書面表達)課堂上理解老師所講內容以及課下復習所學學問很重要。It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class.2．getacross使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；橫過(公路、河等)[記牢]getacrossto(sb.)/getsth.acrossto(sb.) 被傳達/理解；把……講清晰getawayfrom 逃離；遠離；避開getdownto(doing) 起先仔細處理/對待，起先(做)getthrough 穿過；完成；接通電話；用完；通過[練通]單句語法填空①Wemustgetacrosstothepublicthesimplefactthatdrugsaredangerous.②It'stimethatIgotdowntothinking(think)aboutmyfuture.③Afterthat,heknewhecouldgetthroughanyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.[寫美]④(2015·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)你能在6月28日之前完成文章嗎？Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28?3．breakdown損壞，不能運轉；(身體)垮掉；(談判)失敗；崩潰；拆毀，拆除；分解[辨清]寫出下列句中breakdown的含義①Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork. (身體)垮掉②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(談判)失敗③Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,you'dbetterbreakitdownintoparts.分解④Thefiremenbrokedownthewallinordertogainquickaccesstothebuildingonfire.拆毀，拆除⑤Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystembrokedown.損壞，不能運轉[記牢]breakinto破門而入，強行闖入(后接賓語)；突然起先(哭、唱等)breakin 闖入；插話，打斷breakawayfrom 突然擺脫，擺脫breakout (壞事)突然發生，爆發breakup 結束；粉碎，破裂；解散breakthrough 取得突破；克服[練通]單句語法填空⑥Shouldanotherworldwarbreakout,_whatwouldbecomeofhumanbeings?⑦Inordertogetsomemoney,themanbrokeupthatoldmachineandsoldsomeparts.⑧Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.[寫美]⑨(2024·浙江高考書面表達)我幾乎就要垮掉的時候，父親說，“別擔憂，兒子。我記得農場旁邊就有一條河。找到它我們就能回家了。”I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Don't_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.”[句式集釋]1．too...to...“太……而不能……”[教材原句]Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.[悟拓展例句](1)AsfarasIknow,theyaretoo_anxious_to_leave.據我所知，他們急于離開。(2)Theyarealltoo_satisfied_to_goanddothiswork.他們都很樂意地去做這項工作。(3)Icouldn't_thank_you_too_much_forallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.當我們不在家時，你對我兒子的幫助，我再怎樣感謝你也不過分。(4)Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.＝Tomisnot_old_enough_togotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.＝Tomisso_young_thathecan'tgotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.湯姆太小了，不能去上學。因此，他媽媽在家照看他。[析用法規則]用法歸納(1)“too...to...”結構中，若too后接glad,pleased,happy,eager,anxious,willing,ready,easy等表示心情、心情的形容詞時，表示確定意義，too相當于very。(2)“too...to”結構之前帶有but,only,all,never,not時，是強調確定的表示法，譯作“特別……；特別……；實在……；真是太……”等。(3)“too...to...”結構可以與“notenough...to...”或“so...that...”結構相互轉換。(4)“can't...too...”表示“無論怎樣……也不過分”。[背寫作佳句](1)(2014·福建高考滿分作文)Thebikeseemedtooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.Worsestill,Itookmanyfallsoffthebike.(要點句)(2)Youcan'tbetoocarefultodrive.Afterall,lifeisvaluable.(要點句)2．havedifficulty(in)doingsth.[教材原句]ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashaving_great_difficulty_walking.[悟拓展例句](1)Homelesspeopleoftenhave_difficulty_finding_a_jobbecausetheyhavenohomeaddresses.無家可歸的人通常很難找到工作，因為他們沒有家庭住址。(2)(2015·北京高考)—Didyouhave_difficulty_findingAnn'shouse?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.——你找到安的家有困難嗎？——不是很難。她給了我們很清晰的指引，我們很簡潔就找到了。(3)(2024·天津高考)Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhave_no_trouble_answeringthesequestions.假如你的意識足夠敏銳，你就能毫不費勁地回答這些問題。[析用法規則]用法歸納(1)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.表示“在做某事方面有困難或麻煩”，difficulty前有時可用some,much,great,little,no等詞來修飾。(2)其他相關句式：havetrouble/bother/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsth.做某事有困難havedifficulty/trouble/problemswithsth.在某事上有困難[背寫作佳句](1)(2024·浙江高考滿分作文)First,IcanspeakEnglishfluently,soIhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithnativespeakers.(要點句)(2)(2024·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)YoucanturntomewheneveryouhavetroubleinunderstandingTangpoems.(要點句)[詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.選詞填空breakout，takeup，upsidedown，standby，carryon，rightnow，turnup，takeoff，get...across，breakdown1．Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbroke_out?2．Hestood_byhispromisesandreturnedthebooktomeontime.3．Lucyspokeslowly,butshecouldn'tgethermeaningacrosstothegirl.4．Everythinginthehousewasturnedupside_downforthelostdiamondring.5．Internetshoppingwillreadytake_offwhenpeoplemakesurethatitissafe.6．Turn_uptheradiosothatIcanhearitbetter.7．Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreak_downindisasters.8．TheStudentTableTennisTeamofourschoolislookingfornewmembersright_now.9．Peterwilltake_uphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.10．Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malwaystoobusytocarry_onaconversationwithher.Ⅱ.完成句子1．I'mtoo_happy_to_be_invitedtoyourbirthdayparty.我特別興奮能被邀請參與你的生日聚會。2．Goandasktheteacherforadviceifyouhave_difficulty/problems/trouble_with_your_English.假如你的英語有困難就去找老師幫忙。3．Hefounditdifficultto_get_his_American_jokes_across_to_English_audience.他發覺很難讓英國觀眾聽懂美國式笑話。4．When_the_delayed_flight_will_take_offdependsmuchontheweather.被延誤的航班何時起飛主要取決于天氣狀況。5．Heisstilltoo_young_to_knowthehardshipoflife.他年齡太小，還不懂得生活的艱辛。Ⅲ.分步寫作假定你是新華中學的學生李華，在網上得知澳大利亞籍中學生David想來中國沿古代絲綢之路旅游，他向網友征集旅伴兼向導。你有愛好做他的旅伴兼向導，請給David寫一封自薦信，內容要點如下：1．自我介紹；2．你的優勢；3．希望能成為David的旅伴兼向導。留意：1.詞數100左右；2．可以適當增加細微環節，以使行文連貫。第一步：精確審題，理行文脈絡，擬寫作要點本寫作是一封以“做澳大利亞籍中學生David的旅伴兼向導”為話題的自薦信，屬于應用文中的一般書信，時態為一般現在時，人稱為第一人稱。要點包括：寫信緣由；自我介紹；你的優勢；希望能成為David的旅伴。在寫作的過程中要力求精確全面地表達要點，避開跑題。要點1：我從你發的帖子中得知你正在征集旅伴兼向導。I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.要點2：我是李華，來自新華中學。I'm_Li_Hua.I'm_from_Xinhua_High_School.要點3：我在業余時間做了很多探討。I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.要點4：我希望能成為你的旅伴兼向導。I_hope_to_be_your_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.其次步：添加細微環節，文意更豐滿，表達更亮眼要點1，可以補充內容(因此我寫信舉薦我自己)進一步表明寫信緣由，可運用that引導的賓語從句，and并列句等使表達更生動。要點3，可補充內容“我始終想沿著絲綢之路旅行，我對沿途的每一個城鎮、城市和名勝古跡都很了解”及“我能說一口流利的英語”來凸顯自己的優勢，使要點更加完善。拓展1：我從你發的帖子中得知你想來中國沿古代絲綢之路旅游，正在征集旅伴兼向導。(that引導的同位語從句，and并列句)I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.拓展2：我是李華，來自新華中學的一名學生。(同位語)I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School.拓展3－①：我始終在旅行，并始終想沿著絲綢之路旅行。我在業余時間做了很多探討。我對沿途的每一個城鎮、城市和名勝古跡都很了解，包括它們的歷史、風俗和文化。(簡潔句)I_have_been_traveling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.I_know_much_about_every_town,_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture.拓展3－②：我能說一口流利的英語。I_can_speak_English_fluently.拓展4：我信任我就是你要找的人。期盼你的答復。(that引導的賓語從句，lookforwardto)I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.第三步：連句成文，排語句依次，重連接過渡開頭介紹自薦的緣由，同時在首段結尾運用soI'mwritingtoyoutorecommendmyself引出下文；為使要點連接連貫，可適當添加連接詞，如therefore，moreimportantly等，使文章讀起來一揮而就；結尾表達期盼。Dear_David，How_do_you_do?_I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide,_so_I'm_writing_to_you_to_recommend_myself.I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School._I_have_been_traveling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.Therefore,_I_know_much_about_every_town,_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture.More_importantly,_I_can_speak_English_fluently.I_hope_to_be_your_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.Yours，Li_Hua理清文體結構之(八)說明文之人物類——抓說明方法，巧用行文結構解題人物類說明文往往突出人物的重要貢獻或歷史地位，這一點往往從文章的主題句中體現出來。在說明人物的過程中會運用各種說明方法，這些方法對理解全文有著很大幫助，也是高考命題的切入點。另外，文章的行文結構也至關重要，依據行文結構可預知文章大意，對解題大有好處。[高考典例]2024·浙江卷·A篇[抓人物說明方法，理行文結構][高考典例]2024·浙江卷·A篇[讀文解題技法]eq\a\vs4\al(對,比)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al(出,生,前)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,)),\a\vs4\al(去,世,后)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,))))eq\a\vs4\al(影,響)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,))In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewer