第頁2025年高考英語總復習《語法填空》專項測試卷有答案學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________考向分析考向分析綜觀近幾年的高考完形填空的考查走勢，全國卷中的完形填空中，說明文類完形填空出現的幾率很小。但是，我們也不能馬虎，它們作為高考題型的重要補充，還是有可能考的。因此，說明文類完形填空也要進行一定量的練習?？键c導航考點導航語法填空題的命題方式是在一篇200詞左右的語言材料中留出10個空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容（1個單詞）或所提供的單詞的正確形式。語法填空題著重從句子和語篇兩個層級，考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎上運用語法、語用與語篇知識，對語言的形式、意義與功能的綜合運用能力，對考生理解語篇語用、分析句子結構、把握語篇話題以及熟練使用語法知識等方面的能力要求比較高。語法填空題的測試點包括英語的詞法、句子關系、以及在具體情景中如何確保語義連貫的篇章知識等。在試題設置上，語法填空題在形式上主要分兩類：（1）有提示詞填空題：通?？疾閯釉~的時態、語態、非謂語動詞、主謂一致、形容詞與副詞的等級變化、以及詞類轉換等；（2）無提示詞填空題：通?？疾楣谠~、代詞、名詞、介詞與連詞的正確選用等。無論是哪一類的填空題，其核心目的在于考查考生如何通過語言的、語法的、語用的以及語篇的知識，去實現語篇意義的連貫性。復習的重點是要掌握句子的基本結構。首先，我們必須熟練掌握簡單句的基本句型結構：（1）主語+謂語（+賓語+賓補）（2）主語+系動詞+表語。其次，我們要充分了解充當各個句子成分的典型詞類：（1）充當主語或賓語的典型詞類是名詞或代詞。此外，還有動名詞、不定式短語等。（2）充當謂語的一定是動詞。（3）充當補語或表語的典型詞類是形容詞。（4）在名詞前作定語的典型詞類是形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞。（5）作狀語的典型詞類是副詞。再次，我們還要掌握句子的擴展結構：兩個或幾個簡單句之間若不用句號或分號，就必須要用連詞，否則，句子的結構就不完整。連詞主要有以下四類：（1）用and,but,or,while(而，卻)，when（就在這個時候）等構成并列句。(2)用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,sothat等構成含狀語從句的復合句（這里要注意區分一下復雜句和復合句，復合句是包含在復雜句這個概念里面的,在下文的基礎寫作部分有提到）。（3）用who,which,that,when,where,why等構成含定語從句的復合句。（這里要提醒考生的是往往不給任何提示的空就是填連詞或關系詞的，但也須結合句子結構來分析。）（4）用that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等構成含名詞性從句的復合句。解語法填空，要從＂詞、句、篇＂三個層面去思考。1.詞匯層面方法1：作主語或賓語的名詞或＂形容詞+名詞＂前無形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時，根據上下文填冠詞。方法2：句子缺主語或賓語，空格后沒有提示詞，填詞多為代詞。方法3：空格前已有主語，括號內是動詞提示，空格需填謂語動詞。方法4：句中已有謂語動詞且又無并列連詞與括號內提示的動詞并列，說明空格需填非謂語動詞形式。方法5：當括號內所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，很可能填比較級和最高級。方法6：當＂…（+限定詞）+名詞＂或＂…+代詞/doing/從句＂在句中不作主語或賓語時，通常填介詞。2.句子層面方法1：連接兩個功能對等的單詞、短語或句子時，應填并列連詞and，or，but，while,when等。方法2：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起名詞的作用（作主語/賓語/表語/同位語），則為名詞性從句，根據引導名詞性從句的連接詞在從句中的成分和意義確定連詞。方法3：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起形容詞的作用（作定語），則為定語從句，根據引導定語從句的先行詞和關系詞在從句中的成分確定關系代詞或者關系副詞。關系代詞在從句作主語和賓語，作狀語用關系副詞（可轉換為介詞+關系代詞）。方法4：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起副詞的作用（作狀語），則為狀語從句，再根據兩句之間的意義和邏輯關系或者從屬連詞在從句中的作用和意義，來確定合適的連詞。3.篇章意義層面方法：了解文章/對話大意，運用上下文語境線索、前后呼應、詞語搭配等邏輯關系來解題，填入既符合上下文情景，又符合句義、詞義的正確單詞。【題型分析】

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-1

sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

"Ofcourse,we2

itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day.”

Butthat5

whenasystemofhigh-tech6

wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan7

theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat

9

themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10

andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown'scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

"Peoplehavebeen13

thereandstandingthereandtaking14

ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall16

thesunshineatthesametime.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's18

residents.

"It'snotvery19,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare20.”1.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely2.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm5.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year11.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street12.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped13.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.siting14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-savingC.weather-beatenD.sun-starved19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing檢測訓練檢測訓練1、Ascientist1severalmonkeysinordertostudyanimalpsychology.Hetookaglassbottle,2itscork(瓶塞)andputtwopeanutsinsideit.Thepeanutsdroppedtothebottomandwereeasilyseenfromtheoutside.Hethenpassedthebottletoamonkey,whoshookit3foralongwhileandwasabletogetthepeanutswhenthey4fellout.Thescientistthenputsomepeanutsintothebottleagain5hehaddonebeforeandshowedthemonkeythatitonlyneededtoturnthebottleupsidedownforthepeanutstodropout.6themonkeyalwaysignoredhis7.Eachtimeitjustshookthebottlefrantically,withgreat8butwithoutnecessarilyachieving9result.Nowthequestioniswhythemonkeywasunabletounderstand10thescientistinstructs.11becauseallitsattentionswasfocusedonthepeanuts.Instead,itmusttakeitseyesoffthepeanutsandquickly12itsattentiontothe13movementofthescientistandthewaythebottlewasturnedupsidedown.Toachievethis,ithadtocalmdownandnotbe14bytheimpulse(誘惑)ofitsappetite.Yetthemonkeywasnotabletounderstandthis.Itistheinstancelikethisthatrevealsthemonkey’ssomepsychologyisjustlike15ofhumanbeings.1.A.kept B.rose C.fed D.caught2.A.moving B.removed C.discovered D.covered3.A.happily B.anxiously C.hurriedly D.instantly4.A.suddenly B.accidentally C.occasionally D.quickly5.A.as B.that C.what D.until6.A.But B.When C.Therefore D.Thus7.A.directions B.explanations C.performances D.instructions8.A.effort B.strength C.power D.force9.A.expecting B.interesting C.satisfying D.desired10.A.what B.how C.why D.which11.A.Probably B.Likely C.Simply D.Nearly12.A.put B.send C.pay D.shift13.A.gesture B.mouth C.hand D.eye14.A.takenaway B.takenoff C.takenover D.takenon15.A.that B.the C.those D.this2、IwasonatraininSwitzerland.Thetraincametoastopandtheconductor’svoiceovertheloudspeaker1.(deliver)amessageinGerman,Italian,andFrench.I’dmadethemistakeofnotlearninganyofthoselanguagesbeforemyvacation.EveryonestartedgettingoffthetrainandanoldwomansawthatIwas2.(confuse).ShecouldspeaksomeEnglishandtoldmethatanaccidenthadhappenedonthe3.(track).SheaskedmewhereIwastryingtogetto,thenwentandtalkedtosomeworkers,andcamebacktotellmethatwe’dhavetogetontrainsthreeorfourtimestogetthere.Iwasreallygladshewasheading4.samewaybecauseitwouldhavebeenimpossibleformetofigureit5.onmyown.Sowewentfromonetrainstationtothenext,gettingtoknoweachotheralongtheway.Shewasreallythe6.(sweet)woman.Itwasa2.5-hourjourneyintotal,and7.wemadeittothefinaldestination,wegotoffandsaidourgoodbyes.IhadmadeitjustintimetocatchmytraintoRome.Shetoldmeshehadatraintocatchaswell.Iaskedherhowmuchfarthershehadtogoand8.turnedoutthatherhomewastwohoursbacktheotherway.Shehadjumpedfromtraintotrainandtraveledthewholewayjust9.(make)surethatImadeit.Iwasinshock.Awomanspentherwholedaysittingontrainsandtakingherhoursawayfromherhomejusttohelpoutaconfusedtourist10.(visit)hercountry.3、InancientChinalivedanartist.___61___paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir___62___(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould.___63___(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldnanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver～perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith___64___(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.___65___heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(傳奇的)artist,theysmiledand___66___(point)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout___67___(find)thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,___68___(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds.___69___(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist____70____earth,MotherNature.4、Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,___36___(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig___37___untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiventoamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,___38___(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___39___openedin1759.Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic___40___(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpartofamuseum’scollection___41___(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimagine___42___(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___43___(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity’sVikingsettlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical___44___(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete____45____people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.5、AnybirdthatcrossedhispathwouldbeeatenbyRex,aGermanshepherd.Rex1.(rescue)fromhispreviousshelter,wherehewasgoingtobeputdownafterabitingincident.Lastyear,he2.(eventual)arrivedatPuritonHorseandAnimalRescue.Geraldinewasagooseabandonedbyownerswhocouldnolongerputup3.her.Shewasn’texactlythepictureof4.(warm),either,whenshearrivedatthesameshelterthreemonthsago.Thedogandthegoosewereindividuallygivenlabelslikecruelanddangerous.Neitherseemedparticularlyharmoniouswithhumansorevenmembersoftheirownspecies.Butwhenthetwo5.(annoy)creatureswereofferedachancetohangouttogether,somethingmagicalhappened.Theychasedeachotherwhenfirst6.(introduce),butGeraldinestoodupforherselfandthatwasthat.Theyjustfellinlovewitheachother.“I’vebeendoingrescueworksince1997andseenall7.(kind)ofstrangeanimalbehavior,butI’veneverseenanythinglikethis,”saidSheilaBrislin,8.isthefounderoftheshelter.“It’ssoamusingtoseethembecausetheyloveeachothertobits.Theyareveryaffectionate.Shejust9.(run)aroundalongsidehimalldaylongandwheneverwetakehimfor10.walkinthewoodsshehastocome,too.”6、AsourEarth’stemperaturewarmsupbecauseofclimatechange,itishavingunexpectedeffectsonourworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirskinsto1thelossofwater,andthis,inturn,slowsdownthe2ofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashavea3deathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthe4ofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestsystemsto5,andinsomecases,theforestsare6permanently.Treesthatarestressedarealso7toattacksbybacteria(細菌).Intropicalforests,vinesthatusethetreesas8canoftenchokethetreesandrobthemofnutrients.Finally,humanshave9theforestlandscapethroughlogging.Whentreesarereplantedonthesoil,theywillnevergrowaslargeasthe10treesthatwerecutdown.Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtochange,11thevarietyofthosesystems.12,someendangeredspeciesareunableto13anddie.Old-growthforestsaredisappearinginallregionsofourworld.Whenforestsdie,youngerforeststhatarereestablishedinthesameareagrowbackweakerandsmaller14poorvegetation.Withtreesdyingincreasinglyandcontinuously,willfuturegenerations15outonthewondersofforests?1.A.protect B.prevent C.save D.free2.A.movement B.situation C.process D.operation3.A.higher B.firmer C.lighter D.smaller4.A.choice B.measure C.qualification D.chance5.A.grow B.rescue C.recover D.decline6.A.ignored B.lost C.hurt D.left7.A.accessible B.enjoyable C.acceptable D.favorable8.A.attention B.command C.trust D.support9.A.frightened B.paid C.ruined D.wasted10.A.common B.original C.distant D.strong11.A.affecting B.improving C.forgetting D.reflecting12.A.Besides B.Surprisingly C.Otherwise D.Unfortunately13.A.devote B.keep C.adapt D.lead14.A.dueto B.inadditionto C.insteadof D.inspiteof15.A.pass B.miss C.break D.bring7、Astronomyistheoldestscience41.（know）toman.Thousandsofyearsagomanlookedatthestarsandwonderedabouttheheavens.Butmanwas42.（limit）bythesixplanetsthathecouldseeonly43.hiseyesalone.TheGreeksstudiedastronomyover2,000yearsago.Theycouldseethesizecolour,and44.（bright）ofastar.Theycouldseeitsplaceinthesky.Theywatchedthestars45.（move）astheseasonschanged.ButtheGreekshadnotoolstohelpthemselvesstudytheheavens.Eachnewtooladdedtothefieldofastronomyhelpedmanreachoutintospace.Manknewalittleaboutthemoon46.thereweretelescopes.HedidnotknowthattheplanetcalledSaturnhad47.（ring）aroundit.Hissightwas48.limitedthathecouldnotseealltheplanets.Intheearly1700s,peoplethoughttherewereonlysixplanets.Beforethespectroscope,mandidnotknowwhatkindofgases49.（be）aroundthesunorotherstars.Withouttheradio-telescope,wedidnotknowthatradionoisescamefromfarinspace.Today,astronomyisa50.（grow）science.Wehavelearnedmoreinthelastfiftyyearsthaninthewholehistoryofastronomy.8、ItisreportedthatatpresentacityinJapanhasaproblemwithgraffiti(涂鴉).However,itisnottheusualtypeofgraffitiwithpaintfromspraycans21.(use)towriteonwalls.Itisgraffitiinsand.OfficialsinthecityofTottoriareaskingtouriststogiveup22.(write)messagesanddrawingpicturesinthesandofitsgiantsanddunes(沙丘).Theofficialssaythegraffiticausesdamagetothedunes,23.destroysthepleasureothersgetinlookingatthesand.Morethan3,300casesof"sandgraffiti"24.(occur)atthetouristspotinthepastdecade.InJanuary,twooverseastouristswereordered25.(erase)a25-meter-longmessagethatread"HappyBirthdayNatalie".TheTottoriSandDunesarefamousthroughoutJapan26.theirnaturalbeauty.Theyarethelargestandlongestsanddunesinthecountryandformpartof27.sceniccoastalparkontheseaofJapancoast.Thebiggestduneis50metershigh.Thelocalgovernmentwantstoimprovetourists'understandingofthe28.(important)ofthedunes.Itwillsetupmuch29.(many)signsinEnglish,ChineseandKoreanaskingpeopletorespectthedunes.Aspokesmansaid,"Weareconcernedaboutwhethertherulesare30.(complete)understood,andwewanttocontinuetoprotectviewsofthebeautifulsanddunes."9、What'sthefirstthingthatcomestomindwhenyouthinkoftheword“culture”？Doyouthinkofdifferentgroupsofpeopleacrosstheworldwithvarious1andclothing?Whataboutanimals?SamWilliams,executivedirectoroftheMacaw(金剛鸚鵡）RecoveryNetworkinCostaRica,helpsto2theimpactofthedeclineofmacawpopulationsbytakingbirdsthatwereborn3andreleasingthemintothewild.Butthisprocessisvery4＂Inacage,youcan't5themtoknowwhere,whenandhowtofindthatfood,orabouttreeswithgoodnestsites,"WilliamstoldecologistandwriterCarlSafinafortheGuardian.Inthewild,theparentswouldbetheonestoteachthemthisimportant6Thistypeofknowledgeisknownasculturalknowledge.Culturalknowledgecanbe7fromtheoldergenerationtothenewerone.Formanyspecies,culturalknowledgeisnecessaryfor8Culturehelpsanimalsto9differenthabitats.Forexample,somecrows(烏鴉）havelearnedtoputnutsinthemiddleoftheroadforcarstodriveover.Andinotherareas,theyhavelearnedtodothisatintersectionssotheycan10getthefoodwhenthecarsstopatredlights.Otherimportantpartsofculturalknowledgeincludethingslikegroupidentity,usingdifferenttools,takingdifferent11routesandusingdifferentsocializingmethods.Thesetraditionscanespeciallybeseeninchimpanzeecommunities.CatHobaiter,whostudieschimpanzeesinUganda,said:"It'snotjustthe12ofpopulationsofchimpsthatworriesme.Ifind13thepossibilityoflosingeachpopulation'suniqueculture.That'spermanent.”Cultureisn'tjustfor14.Cultureisalsoanimportantpartoflifeinthewildfromusingtoolsto15.1.A.communities B.zones C.traditions D.divisions2.A.squeeze B.reduce C.wrestle D.delete3.A.encaged B.enlarged C.encouraged D.ensured4.A.tentative B.slow C.lame D.abrupt5.A.elect B.swap C.assess D.train6.A.brochure B.seminar C.framework D.information7.A.passeddown B.takenup C.followedup D.puttogether8.A.management B.survival C.currency D.cooperation9.A.caterto B.pushfor C.adaptto D.divein10.A.safely B.desperately C.surprisingly D.hopefully11.A.irrigation B.migration C.suspension D.collision12.A.loss B.dilemma C.adjustment D.prevention13.A.enterprising B.flexible C.artificial D.terrifying14.A.animals B.plants C.humans D.nails15.A.refreshing B.weeping C.negotiating D.socializing參考答案考向分析考向分析綜觀近幾年的高考完形填空的考查走勢，全國卷中的完形填空中，說明文類完形填空出現的幾率很小。但是，我們也不能馬虎，它們作為高考題型的重要補充，還是有可能考的。因此，說明文類完形填空也要進行一定量的練習?？键c導航考點導航語法填空題的命題方式是在一篇200詞左右的語言材料中留出10個空白，部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文填寫空白處所需的內容（1個單詞）或所提供的單詞的正確形式。語法填空題著重從句子和語篇兩個層級，考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎上運用語法、語用與語篇知識，對語言的形式、意義與功能的綜合運用能力，對考生理解語篇語用、分析句子結構、把握語篇話題以及熟練使用語法知識等方面的能力要求比較高。語法填空題的測試點包括英語的詞法、句子關系、以及在具體情景中如何確保語義連貫的篇章知識等。在試題設置上，語法填空題在形式上主要分兩類：（1）有提示詞填空題：通?？疾閯釉~的時態、語態、非謂語動詞、主謂一致、形容詞與副詞的等級變化、以及詞類轉換等；（2）無提示詞填空題：通常考查冠詞、代詞、名詞、介詞與連詞的正確選用等。無論是哪一類的填空題，其核心目的在于考查考生如何通過語言的、語法的、語用的以及語篇的知識，去實現語篇意義的連貫性。復習的重點是要掌握句子的基本結構。首先，我們必須熟練掌握簡單句的基本句型結構：（1）主語+謂語（+賓語+賓補）（2）主語+系動詞+表語。其次，我們要充分了解充當各個句子成分的典型詞類：（1）充當主語或賓語的典型詞類是名詞或代詞。此外，還有動名詞、不定式短語等。（2）充當謂語的一定是動詞。（3）充當補語或表語的典型詞類是形容詞。（4）在名詞前作定語的典型詞類是形容詞或形容詞性物主代詞。（5）作狀語的典型詞類是副詞。再次，我們還要掌握句子的擴展結構：兩個或幾個簡單句之間若不用句號或分號，就必須要用連詞，否則，句子的結構就不完整。連詞主要有以下四類：（1）用and,but,or,while(而，卻)，when（就在這個時候）等構成并列句。(2)用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,sothat等構成含狀語從句的復合句（這里要注意區分一下復雜句和復合句，復合句是包含在復雜句這個概念里面的,在下文的基礎寫作部分有提到）。（3）用who,which,that,when,where,why等構成含定語從句的復合句。（這里要提醒考生的是往往不給任何提示的空就是填連詞或關系詞的，但也須結合句子結構來分析。）（4）用that,if/whether(是否)，wh-等構成含名詞性從句的復合句。解語法填空，要從＂詞、句、篇＂三個層面去思考。1.詞匯層面方法1：作主語或賓語的名詞或＂形容詞+名詞＂前無形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時，根據上下文填冠詞。方法2：句子缺主語或賓語，空格后沒有提示詞，填詞多為代詞。方法3：空格前已有主語，括號內是動詞提示，空格需填謂語動詞。方法4：句中已有謂語動詞且又無并列連詞與括號內提示的動詞并列，說明空格需填非謂語動詞形式。方法5：當括號內所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，很可能填比較級和最高級。方法6：當＂…（+限定詞）+名詞＂或＂…+代詞/doing/從句＂在句中不作主語或賓語時，通常填介詞。2.句子層面方法1：連接兩個功能對等的單詞、短語或句子時，應填并列連詞and，or，but，while,when等。方法2：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起名詞的作用（作主語/賓語/表語/同位語），則為名詞性從句，根據引導名詞性從句的連接詞在從句中的成分和意義確定連詞。方法3：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起形容詞的作用（作定語），則為定語從句，根據引導定語從句的先行詞和關系詞在從句中的成分確定關系代詞或者關系副詞。關系代詞在從句作主語和賓語，作狀語用關系副詞（可轉換為介詞+關系代詞）。方法4：若判斷連詞所引導的從句起副詞的作用（作狀語），則為狀語從句，再根據兩句之間的意義和邏輯關系或者從屬連詞在從句中的作用和意義，來確定合適的連詞。3.篇章意義層面方法：了解文章/對話大意，運用上下文語境線索、前后呼應、詞語搭配等邏輯關系來解題，填入既符合上下文情景，又符合句義、詞義的正確單詞?！绢}型分析】

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-1

sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

"Ofcourse,we2

itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice."Weseetheskyis3,butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona4day.”

Butthat5

whenasystemofhigh-tech6

wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks（山峰）intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents（居民）ofRjukan7

theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto8.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat

9

themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe10

andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam（束）oflightontothetown'scentral11,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight12,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

"Peoplehavebeen13

thereandstandingthereandtaking14

ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally15.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall16

thesunshineatthesametime.17,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's18

residents.

"It'snotvery19,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare20.”1.A.onlyB.obviouslyC.nearlyD.precisely2.A.fearB.believeC.hearD.notice3.A.emptyB.blueC.highD.wide4.A.cloudyB.normalC.differentD.warm5.A.helpedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered6.A.computersB.telescopesC.mirrorsD.cameras7.A.rememberedB.forecastedC.receivedD.imagined8.A.repairB.riskC.restD.use9.A.forbidsB.directsC.predictsD.follows10.A.dayB.nightC.monthD.year11.A.libraryB.hallC.squareD.street12.A.appearedB.returnedC.fadedD.stopped13.A.drivingB.hidingC.campingD.siting14.A.picturesB.notesC.careD.hold15.A.newB.fullC.flatD.silent16.A.blockB.avoidC.enjoyD.store17.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.GraduallyD.Similarly18.A.nature-lovingB.energy-savingC.weather-beatenD.sun-starved19.A.bigB.clearC.coldD.easy20.A.tryingB.waitingC.watchingD.sharing【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）A；（15）B；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）D；【解析】【分析】本文講述北歐一個小鎮長達半年沒有陽光照射，為此在附近的山頂安裝了一套鏡子設備把陽光反射到小鎮的廣場。每當光線照射的時候，人們就聚集在廣場上，為寒冷的冬季增添一絲明亮。（1）考查副詞辨析。A.

only僅僅；B.

obviously；顯然地；C.

nearly幾乎；D.

precisely精確的。根據前文from

late

September

to

mid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故答案為C。（2）考查動詞辨析。A.

fear害怕；B.

believe相信；C.

hear聽見；D.

notice注意。根據后文butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker

可知，我們看到天空是藍色，但是到山谷的時候，就會變得更暗了，可知，太陽照耀的時候，我們注意到，故答案為D。（3）考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.

empty空的；B.

blue藍色的；C.

high搞得；D.

wide寬的。根據常識可知，有太陽的時候，天空是藍色的，故答案為B。（4）考查形容詞辨析。A.

cloudy多云的；B.

normal正常的；C.

different不同的；D.

warm溫暖的。根據前文butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker

可知，到山谷的時候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故答案為A。（5）考查動詞辨析。A.

helped幫助；B.

changed改變；C.

happened發生；D.

mattered關系重大。根據后文可知，該鎮引入一套陽光反射鏡來改變這種情況，故答案為B。（6）考查名詞辨析。A.

computers電腦；B.

telescopes望遠鏡；C.

mirrors鏡子；D.

cameras相機。根據后文to

reflect

sunlight

from

neighboring

peaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽光，可知是鏡子，故答案為C。（7）考查動詞辨析。A.

remembered記得；B.

forecasted預報；C.

received獲得，收到；D.

imagined想象。根據句意可知，該鎮的居民獲得了冬天里的第一縷陽光，故答案為C。（8）考查名詞辨析。A.

repair修理；B.

risk風險；C.

rest

休息；D.

use使用。根據前一句their

very

first

ray

of

winter

sunshine可知，獲得了冬天的第一縷陽光，是由于反射板投入使用了，put

sth

to

use把某物投入使用。故答案為D。

（9）考查動詞辨析。句意：這些鏡子由電腦控制，指導他們整天跟著太陽的位置移動而移動，在大風的天氣就自動關閉。A.

forbids禁止；B.

directs指導，導演；C.

predicts預測；D.

follows跟隨，追隨。本句描述這套系統的工作原理，電腦控制鏡子的移動，故選B。（10）考查名詞辨析。A.

day白天；B.

night夜晚；C.

month月；D.

year年。根據文章可知，太陽光出現在白天，故答案為A。（11）考查名詞辨析。A.

library圖書館；B.

hall大廳；C.

square廣場；D.

street街道。根據后文The

town

square可知，鏡子反射聚集的光會照在小鎮的中心廣場上，故答案為C。（12）考查動詞辨析。A.

appeared出現；B.

returned歸還；C.

faded褪去；D.

stopped停止。根據后文Rjukan

residents

gathered

together可知，當光照出現的時候，居民出來，故答案為A。（13）考查動詞辨析。A.

driving駕駛；B.

hiding隱藏；C.

camping露營；D.

sitting坐。根據本句and

standing

there可知，光照出現的時候，人們會出來活動，坐在那里，站在那里，故答案為D。（14）考查名詞辨析。A.

pictures照片，圖片；B.

notes筆記；C.

care照顧；D.

hold抓住。根據文章可知，會彼此拍照，故答案為A。（15）考查形容詞辨析。A.

new新的；B.

full滿的；C.

flat平坦的；D.

silent沉默的。根據后文I

think

almost

all

the

people

in

the

town

were

there.可知，差不多全鎮的人都在廣場上，故可知廣場全是人，故答案為B。（16）考查動詞辨析。A.

block阻擋；B.

avoid避免；C.

enjoy喜歡，享受；D.

store儲存。根據句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同時享受到太陽光，故答案為C。（17）考查副詞辨析。A.

Instead代替；B.

However然而；C.

Gradually逐漸地；D.

Similarly相似地。前一句意思為并不是3500名居民都能同時享受到太陽光，后一句，新的光線為小鎮人們的意義不僅僅提供光線，故可知前后句屬于轉折關系，故答案為B。（18）考查形容詞辨析。A.

nature-loving熱愛自然的；B.

energy-saving節能的；C.

weather-beaten受風雨侵蝕的；D.

sun-starved渴望陽光的。根據前文可知，小鎮差不多半年沒有陽光，故可知小鎮人們渴望陽光，故答案為D。（19）考查形容詞辨析。A.

big大的；B.

clear清晰的；C.

cold冷的；D.

easy容易的。根據前文可知，鏡子反射的光線有限，范圍不夠大，故答案為A。（20）考查動詞辨析。A.

trying嘗試；B.

waiting

等待；C.

watching

觀看；D.

sharing分享。根據句意可知，大家一起曬太陽就足夠了，故答案為D。檢測訓練檢測訓練1、Ascientist1severalmonkeysinordertostudyanimalpsychology.Hetookaglassbottle,2itscork(瓶塞)andputtwopeanutsinsideit.Thepeanutsdroppedtothebottomandwereeasilyseenfromtheoutside.Hethenpassedthebottletoamonkey,whoshookit3foralongwhileandwasabletogetthepeanutswhenthey4fellout.Thescientistthenputsomepeanutsintothebottleagain5hehaddonebeforeandshowedthemonkeythatitonlyneededtoturnthebottleupsidedownforthepeanutstodropout.6themonkeyalwaysignoredhis7.Eachtimeitjustshookthebottlefrantically,withgreat8butwithoutnecessarilyachieving9result.Nowthequestioniswhythemonkeywasunabletounderstand10thescientistinstructs.11becauseallitsattentionswasfocusedonthepeanuts.Instead,itmusttakeitseyesoffthepeanutsandquickly12itsattentiontothe13movementofthescientistandthewaythebottlewasturnedupsidedown.Toachievethis,ithadtocalmdownandnotbe14bytheimpulse(誘惑)ofitsappetite.Yetthemonkeywasnotabletounderstandthis.Itistheinstancelikethisthatrevealsthemonkey’ssomepsychologyisjustlike15ofhumanbeings.1.A.kept B.rose C.fed D.caught2.A.moving B.removed C.discovered D.covered3.A.happily B.anxiously C.hurriedly D.instantly4.A.suddenly B.accidentally C.occasionally D.quickly5.A.as B.that C.what D.until6.A.But B.When C.Therefore D.Thus7.A.directions B.explanations C.performances D.instructions8.A.effort B.strength C.power D.force9.A.expecting B.interesting C.satisfying D.desired10.A.what B.how C.why D.which11.A.Probably B.Likely C.Simply D.Nearly12.A.put B.send C.pay D.shift13.A.gesture B.mouth C.hand D.eye14.A.tak