Unit9新發展英語3TeacherGetsomeideasaboutthedesirablepersonalqualitiesofateacheraswellasteachingprofession.0102030405Learnusefulwordsandexpressionsdescribingthepersonalityofteachersyouknow.Learntousethestructures:notmerely…but…,take(sth.)inone'sstride,tuneinto,etc.

Learnto?llinjobapplicationforms.Readfurtherforadeeperunderstandingandappreciationoftheroleofateacherinteachingandlearning.StudyFocusIntensiveReading01A.Discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.Pre-readingPreparationDoyouagreethatateacherplaysanindispensableroleinthesuccessofaperson'sschoolcareer?Whatinyouropinionshouldagoodteacher-studentrelationshipbelike?Giveexamplesfromeitheryourknowledgeoryourownexperiencestosupportyourviews.01010102B.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningofeachunderlinedwordsandexpressions.Pre-readingPreparation1Theyexcludepeoplefromjoiningtheclubwhoareunder18orwithoutthedesiredknowledgeandexperience.2Ididn'tgetmuchsympathyfromthedoctorwhenItoldhimaboutmypains.3Awisemanknowshisownstrengthsandlimitations.01B.Readthefollowingsentencescarefullyandworkoutthemeaningofeachunderlinedwordsandexpressions.Pre-readingPreparation4MartinLutherKingwasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizeof1964foradvocatingnonviolenceinthecivilrightsmovement.5Whenyougotoaforeigncountry,youmustadaptyourselftonewmannersandcustoms.6Wedrewupalistofthingswerequired.01ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

在這里，我想探討一下"教師應具有哪些個性品質"這個問題。或許沒有哪兩個人能列出完全相似的答案，不過我想以下幾點應該是人們普遍接受的。

HereIwanttotrytogiveyouananswertothequestion:Whatpersonalqualitiesaredesirableinateacher?Probablynotwopeoplewoulddrawupexactlysimilarlists,butIthinkthefollowingwouldbegenerallyaccepted.1ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

首先，教師應性情活潑開朗，具有魅力。這并不是說要將那些其貌不揚甚至長相丑陋的人排除在外，因為許多這樣的人有著巨大的人格魅力。但那些極易沖動者、郁郁寡歡者、冷酷無情者、尖酸刻薄者、憤世嫉俗者、灰心失意者以及盛氣凌人者，卻是定要排除在外的。此外，我認為，所有那些愚鈍平庸、充滿負向情緒的人，也都應該排除。我仍然堅持我以前書中所言："乏味或許比簡單粗暴更加摧殘學生。"First,theteacher'spersonalityshouldbelivelyandattractive.Thisdoesnot

ruleout

peoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,melancholy,frigid,

sarcastic,cynical,frustrated,andoverbearing.Iwouldsaytoo,thatitexcludesallofdullorpurelynegativepersonality,IstillsticktowhatIsaidinmyearlierbook:thatschoolchildrenprobably"suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes?"2ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

其次，教師不僅需要而且也必須富有同情心——真正意義上的同情心，要能夠設身處地地傾聽他人的心聲，特別要能感孩子們所感，思孩子們所思，因為教師中多為中小學教師。與此密切相關的是要做到寬容——當然，教師應該寬容的不是錯誤本身，而是人類脆弱而幼稚的本性，這些本性誘使人們尤其是孩子犯錯誤。Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohaveagenuinecapacityforsympathy-intheliteralmeaningofthatword;acapacitytotuneintothemindsandfeelingsofotherpeople,especially,sincemostteachersareschoolteachers,tothemindsandfeelingsofchildren.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant--not.indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhich

inducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.3ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

再次，我認為一個教師在知識和道德上都必須保證誠實。這并不是說要教師做道德圣人，而是說他應該意識到自己在學識上的優勢和局限，而且應該考慮到并確定那些藉以指導自己人生的道德準則。教師還應具備幾分演員的素質，這與前面所說的并不矛盾。這是教學技巧的一部分，教師應時常加以發揮運用，以活躍氣氛、糾正錯誤、給予表揚。對孩子們來說，尤其是小孩子，他們的世界總是比現實更為生動有趣，更具吸引力。Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingaplastersaint.Itmcansthathewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.Thatispartofthetechniqueofteaching,whichdemandsthateverynowandthenateachershouldbeabletoputonanact-toenlivenalesson,correctafault,orawardpraise.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.4ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

教師應時刻保持思維敏捷。智商低下者當然難入教師這一行，而智力中上者，停滯不前亦即不進而退的，也不乏其例。對于教師而言，無論遇到多么不可能的情況，他都應能迅速應對，而且，若有必要，還能在瞬息之間即興發揮。Ateachermustremain

mentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,butitisalltooeasy,evenforpeopleofabove-averageintelligence,tostagnateintellectually,andthatmeanstodeteriorateintellectually.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,

atlessthan

amoment'snotice.5ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

另一方面，教師又必須有極大的耐心。我認為這要靠自我約束、自我訓練，因為誰也不是天生如此。他應當有極強的適應能力。教書極費心思，教師要能夠從容自若地處理任何與孩子打交道的成年人都必須忍受的數不清的煩惱。Ontheotherhand,ateachermustbecapableofinfinitepatience.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterofself-disciplineandself-training;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.Hemustbeprettyresilient;teachingmakesgreatdemandsonnervousenergy.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.6ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質Text

最后，教師應當始終做到學而不厭。教師這份工作，沒人能做到盡善盡美，要學的東西也總是源源不斷。教學的主要研究對象有三個：課程，即教師所執教的一門或幾門課程；方法，即如何才能最有效地把課程內容傳授給學生；教學對象，即學習這些課程的兒童、青年或成年人，這一點也是最重要的。當今英國教育有兩個重要原則，其一，教育是對受教育者的全面素質教育；其二，實現教育的最佳途徑就是教師和學生二者之間充分而積極的合作。Finally,Ithinkateachershouldhavethekindofmindwhichalwayswantstogoonlearning.Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfectthereisalwayssomethingmoretolearnaboutit.Therearethreeprincipalobjectsofstudy:thesubject,orsubjects,whichtheteacheristeaching;themethodsbywhichtheycanbestbetaughttothe

particular

pupilsintheclassesheisteaching;and

by

farthemostimportant-thechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomsubjectsaretobetaught.ThetwocardinalprinciplesofBritisheducationtodayarethateducationiseducationofthewholeperson,andthatitisbestacquiredthroughfullandactivecooperationbetweentwopersons,theteacherandthelearner.7ThePersonalQualitiesofaTeacher教師的個性品質LanguagePointsoftheText1.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.(Para.2)1)ruleout:toexclude;todecidenottoconsider"排除；不予考慮"ThedoctortookXraysandruledoutthechanceofbrokenbones.

醫生作了X光透視，排除了骨折的可能性。2)形容詞plain為多義詞，此處指人的外貌"平常，不漂亮"（notprettyorgood-looking）。

比較以下各句中plain的其他意思：

a.Shemadeitplain(=clear)thatweshouldleave.

她明確表示要我們離開。LanguagePointsoftheText1.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoarephysicallyplain,orevenugly,becausemanysuchhavegreatpersonalcharm.(Para.2)b.Wehadplain(=simple)foodeverydaywhilethere.

我們在那里時每天的食物很簡單。c.It'sjustplain(=complete)foolishnesstoaskthatquestion!

提那種問題真是愚不可及！3)指示代詞

such指前面提到的peoplewhoarephysically…；manysuch在從句中作主語，意為"許多這樣的人"，含義為復數，無詞形變化，但謂語動詞有數的變化。

又如：a.AWelshvictoryhadbeenpredicted,andsuchindeedwastheresult.

有人預言威爾士隊會獲勝，果然不出所料。

b.Pleasesendmoreofyourlatestsamples,ifsucharestillavailable.

如果你們仍有最新的樣品，請再寄一些給我們。

LanguagePointsoftheText2.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,…andoverbearing.(Para.2)

本句中theover-excitable，…andoverbearing意為thepeoplewhoareover-excitable，…andoverbearing。英語中某些形容詞與定冠詞連用，表示一類人或某種抽象概念。又如：

a.Severaloftheaccusedwerefoundguilty.

被告中有數人被判定有罪。LanguagePointsoftheText2.Butitdoesruleoutsuchtypesastheover-excitable,…andoverbearing.(Para.2)

b.Itisthesacreddutyofthemedicalworkerstorescuethedyingandhealthewounded.

救死扶傷是醫務工作者的神圣職責。c.Somepeopleenjoythemysticalandthesupernaturalinliterature.

有些人很喜歡文學里神秘的和超自然的東西。LanguagePointsoftheText3.IstillsticktowhatIsaid…(Para.2)

stickto:tokeepto;nottoabandon"堅持；信守；不放棄"I'vemademydecisionandI'mgoingtosticktoit.

我已作了決定，而且我會堅持這一立場。LanguagePointsoftheText4.…thatschoolchildrenprobably"suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes."(Para.2)該句中

more…than結構表達的意思為"與其說……不如說……"。又如：Heismoremadthanstupid.

與其說他傻，不如說他瘋了。

名詞bore意為"乏味的、令人厭煩的事物"，brute(=beast)常指"殘忍無情、兇狠粗暴的人"，此處可理解為"粗暴、沒有理性的人（或行為）"。suffermorefromboresthanfrombrutes因此可譯為"乏味或許比簡單粗暴更加摧殘學生"。LanguagePointsoftheText5.Secondly,itisnotmerelydesirablebutessentialforateachertohave…(Para.3)1)notmerely…but…:notonly…but(also)…Theirdecisionwillaffectnotmerelyourclassbutthewholeschool.他們的決定將不僅影響到我們班，而且將影響到整個學校。LanguagePointsoftheText5.Secondly,itisnotmerely

desirable

butessentialforateachertohave…(Para.3)2)desirable:adj.worthhaving,doing,seeking,ordesiring"可取的，值得做的，理想的"a.Itisreallydesirabletohavehimworkinghere.

他能在這兒工作是最好不過的了。

b.Forthisjobitisdesirabletoknowsomethingaboutmedicine.

做這份工作最好有點醫學知識。LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotuneintothemindsand…(Para.3)1)名詞

capacity此處意為"能力"（ability;power），常與介詞for或動詞不定式搭配。a.Hehasagreatcapacityforenjoyinghimself.

他很會想辦法自得其樂。b.Hercapacitytorememberfactsisremarkable.

她的記憶力十分驚人。LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotuneintothemindsand…(Para.3)比較：

Thehallwasfilledtocapacity(=completelyfull).

大廳已滿座。2)tuneinto(常作betunedinto):tobeabletorealizeorunderstand(whatishappeningorwhatotherpeoplearethinking)"了解……；熟悉……"LanguagePointsoftheText6.…agenuinecapacityforsympathy,…acapacitytotunein

tothemindsand…(Para.3)a.Shedoesn'tseemverymuchtunedintothesenewdevelopments.

她對這些新的動態似乎不是很了解。

b.Votersalwayselectthecandidate(whois)mosttunedintotheirneeds.

選民總是選那些最能體察其疾苦的候選人。LanguagePointsoftheText7.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant—not,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.(Para.3)1)該句為倒裝結構，由于主語（thecapacitytobetolerant…）較長，故將表語（closelyrelatedwiththis）提前，構成完全倒裝。句中indeed為插入語，整個句子的正常語序應為Thecapacitytobetolerant,notof…,butof…,iscloselyrelatedwiththis.2)betolerantof:totolerate;toputupwith"容忍，寬容"Heisnotverytolerantofopinionsdifferentfromhisown.

他不大能容忍不同意見。LanguagePointsoftheText7.Closelyrelatedwiththisisthecapacitytobetolerant—not,indeed,ofwhatiswrong,butofthefrailtyandimmaturityofhumannaturewhichinducepeople,andagainespeciallychildren,tomakemistakes.(Para.3)3)induce:vt.toleadsb.todosth.oftenbypersuading"勸誘，勸說"a.Whatinducedyoutodosuchastupidthing?

是什么促使你做出了這等愚蠢的事？

b.Wecouldn'tinducetheoldladytotravelbyair.

我們無法勸說那位老太太坐飛機去。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)1)Iholditessentialforateachertobe…:

先行詞it為形式賓語，真正的賓語為后置的動詞不定式短語forateachertobe…。又如：a.Weconsiderituselesstoarguewithhimonthatpoint.

我們覺得在那點上與他爭辯是沒用的。

b.Ideemitadvisableforhimtokeeptheaffairsecret.

我認為他對此事保守秘密是明智的。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)2)Iholditessential…意為Iconsider/thinkitessential…;Ibelieveittobeessential…;Ibelievethatitisessential…;動詞

hold此處意為"持有（信念、見解等）；認為……"（tohave…inthemindorexpressasanopinionorbelief）。又如：

a.Iholdthatthispolicyismistaken.

我認為這個政策是錯誤的。LanguagePointsoftheText8.Thirdly,Iholditessentialforateachertobebothintellectuallyandmorallyhonest.(Para.4)b.Thecourtheldhimtohavetoldthetruth.

法庭認為他說了實話。

c.Iholdtheparentsresponsiblefortheirchild'sbehavior.

我認為父母應對孩子的行為負責。LanguagePointsoftheText9.Thisdoesnotmeanbeingaplastersaint.(Para.4)

plastersaint:apersonwithouthumanfailings;aperfectman"沒有缺點的人；完人"plaster意為"石膏；灰泥"，此處plastersaint喻指"道德圣人、道德完人"，而不應理解為"石膏圣人"。LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)1)strengthsandlimitations:strongpointsandweaknesses;meritsanddemerits"優點與缺點"2)介詞＋關系代詞bywhich引出定語從句，修飾themoralprinciples。在以"介詞＋關系代詞"引出的定語從句中，介詞的選擇往往要根據介詞和相關的動詞、名詞等的習慣搭配或句意而定。

LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)這樣的定語從句既可是限制性定語從句，也可以是非限制性定語從句，又如本文中另外幾例：

Teachingisajobatwhichonewillneverbeperfect;…Therearethreeprincipalobjectsofstudy:thesubject,orsubjects,whichtheteacheristeaching;LanguagePointsoftheText10.…hewillbeawareofhisintellectualstrengths,andlimitations,andwillhavethoughtaboutanddecideduponthemoralprinciplesbywhichhislifeshallbeguided.(Para.4)這樣的定語從句既可是限制性定語從句，也可以是非限制性定語從句，又如本文中另外幾例：

themethodsbywhichtheycanbestbetaughttotheparticularpupilsintheclassesheisteaching;andbyfarthemostimportant—thechildren,youngpeople,oradultstowhomsubjectsaretobetaught.LanguagePointsoftheText11.Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythatateachershouldbeabitofanactor.(Para.4)1)這句話也可以這樣表達：ButthereisnodisagreementinvolvedifIgoontosaythatateacher…beabitofanactor。作者在前句中強調了教師應以道德準則（moralprinciples）指導人生，下面又說教師應具備演員的素質（beabitofanactor），并且要能夠"做戲"（putonanact），前后看上去似乎有些"矛盾"，所以才說Thereisnocontradictioninmygoingontosaythat…2)abitof(a):alittleof"多少有點……；有些……"He'sabitofabore(=He'sratherboring).

他多少有點兒乏味。LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)1)putonanact:tobehaveinanaffectedway;topretend"裝模作樣；故作姿態；做戲"a.Don'tbetakeninbyhisflattery—he'sjustputtingonanact.

不要被他的恭維話所騙——他不過是裝模作樣罷了。

b.Johnwasn'treallyangry;hewasputtingonanact.

約翰并不是真的生氣，他只是做做樣子。LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)2)比較

fault和

mistake。兩者均可表示"過錯、錯誤"，但強調的內容不同，fault作"過失，

缺點"解，尤指道德、性格和習慣上的弱點或行為上的過失（weakness;imperfection），也指違反某一規定所造成的錯誤，往往強調其應負的責任（responsibilityforbeingwrong）：

a.Heisstillagoodboydespiteallhisfaults.

他盡管有種種過錯，但還是一個好孩子。

b.We'vemissedtheplaneandit'sallyourfault!

我們誤了飛機，這都是你的過錯！LanguagePointsoftheText12.…ateachershouldbeabletoputonanact—toenlivenalesson,correctafault,…(Para.4)mistake作"錯誤，過失，誤會"解，尤指因認識不足或判斷、理解失誤或考慮不周無意造成的錯誤（somethingwronglysaidordonethroughfaultyjudgment,inadequateknowledge,orinattention）：

a.Thewaitermadeamistakeoverthebill.

服務員把賬算錯了。b.Themistakewasmadeentirelythroughyourfault.

出了這個錯完全是由于你的過失。LanguagePointsoftheText13.Children,especiallyyoungchildren,liveinaworldthatisratherlargerthanlife.(Para.4)largerthanlife:moreamusing,attractiveorexcitingthanusual"（人或物）更有趣、更具吸引力的；與眾不同的，極不平常的"這句話也可表達為：Life,intheeyeofchildren,especiallyyoungchildren,consistsofnotonlyreality,butalsofantasyandimagination;therefore,theworld,tothem,ismoreimpressiveandexcitingthanitreallyis.LanguagePointsoftheText14.Ateachermustremainmentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,…(Para.5)1)此處

remain為連系動詞，意為"繼續保持（某種狀態）；依然（是）"，（=continuetobe），后常接名詞、形容詞等作表語，如：

a.Thesituationhasremainedunchanged.

局勢依然未變。

b.Thisstillremainsaseriousproblem.

這依然是個嚴重的問題。

LanguagePointsoftheText14.Ateachermustremainmentallyalert.Hewillnotgetintotheprofessionifoflowintelligence,…(Para.5)比較：Theonlyproblemthatremains(=thatisleft)iswhetherornotwecanraisethemoney.唯一剩下的問題就是我們能否籌到這筆錢。2)該句if從句中省略了人稱代詞主語和謂語動詞be，完整表達應為"…ifheisoflowintelligence…"LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)1)這里

howeverimprobable后面省略了itis。由連接副詞however(=nomatterhow)引出的讓步狀語從句中，有時可省略謂語部分，或將人稱代詞主語和謂語動詞be全部省略，僅保留however+形容詞/副詞。又如：a.Iwon'taccepttheiroffer,howeverfavourabletheconditions(maybe).

無論條件多好，我也不會接受他們的建議。

b.Therumour,howeverincredible(itwas),wasbelievedbythenatives.

無論這個謠傳多么難以置信，當地人都信以為真。LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)2)括號中

theyhappen!為插入語，可理解為sometimestheimprobablethingsdohappen!3)ifnecessary:ifitisnecessary"如果必要的話"Youcanusethesereferencebooks,ifnecessary.如果有必要，你可使用這些參考書。LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)4)

atamoment'snotice:

immediately;rightaway"馬上，立即"句中notice之前插入lessthan，進一步強調時間的瞬間性。notice此處意為"預告；通知"（warningorinformationaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen），常見于短語at…notice等表達。如：

LanguagePointsoftheText15.Ateachermustbequicktoadapthimselftoanysituation,howeverimprobable(theyhappen!)andabletoimprovise,ifnecessary,atlessthanamoment'snotice.(Para.5)

a.Canyoubereadyattenminutes'notice

(=ifItellyouonlytenminutesbefore)?

你能在十分鐘內準備好嗎？

b.Thedoctorcameatshortnotice(=rightafterhewasinformed).

醫生一接到通知就來了。

c.Ifyouwanttoreservearoom,youhavetogivethemafewdays'notice(=informthemafewdaysearlier).

如果你要預訂房間，必須提前幾天通知他們。LanguagePointsoftheText16.This,Imaysay,islargelyamatterof…;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.(Para.6)1)largely:adv.toagreatdegree;mostly;chiefly"在很大程度上；主要地"a.Hissuccesseswerelargelyduetoluck.

他的成功主要靠運氣。

b.Checkshavelargelyreplacedmoneyasameansofexchange.

作為交易方式，支票已經在很大程度上取代了現金。LanguagePointsoftheText16.This,Imaysay,islargely

amatterof…;wearenoneofusbornlikethat.(Para.6)2)wearenoneofusbornlikethat可理解為noneofusareborntobecapableofin?nitepatience.LanguagePointsoftheText17.Hemustbeprettyresilient;teachingmakesgreatdemandsonnervousenergy.(Para.6)nervousenergy:"充沛的精力；旺盛的精力"LanguagePointsoftheText18.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.(Para.6)1)takesth.inone'sstride:toacceptordealwithsth.effortlessly"從容地/輕而易舉地對付（某事）"a.Theytookeverydifficultyintheirstride.

他們輕而易舉地克服了困難。b.Hehaslearnedtotakedisappointmentsinhisstride.

他學會了失望時泰然處之。LanguagePointsoftheText18.Andheshouldbeabletotakeinhisstridetheinnumerablepettyirritationsanyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure.(Para.6)2)這里

anyadultdealingwithchildrenhastoendure為定語從句，修飾irritations，意為"任何與孩子打交道的成年人都必須忍受的數不清的煩惱"。關系代詞that在從句中作賓語，故省略。LanguagePointsoftheText19.Thetwocardinalprinciples…thateducationiseducationofthewholeperson,…(Para.7)

此處

thewholeperson應理解為thepersonwithhispersonality,capabilityandallotherdesiredqualitiescombinedinhim,ratherthanjusthisknowledge。NewWords

desirable/d??za??r?b?l/adj.worthhaving,doing,seeking,ordesiring可取的，值得做的，理想的ugly/??ɡli/adj.

unpleasanttolookat,extremelyunattractive丑陋的，難看的

melancholy/?mel??k?li/adj.

(formal)depressedinspirits,sad[正式]憂郁的，悲傷的frigid/?fr?d??d/adj.coldinmanner,unfriendly,lackingwarmthoffeeling冷淡的，缺乏熱情的sarcastic/sɑ??k?st?k/adj.usingormarkedbysarcasm譏諷的，嘲笑的，挖苦的NewWords

cynical/?s?n?k?l/adj.(derogatory)likeortypicalofacynic[貶]憤世嫉俗的，冷嘲熱諷的，好挖苦人的exclude/?ks?klu?d/vt.

tokeeporshutoutfromconsiderationorinclusion把……排除在外，對……不予考慮

suffer/?s?f?(r)/vt.

toexperiencepain,difficultyorloss遭受(痛

苦);受(損害

、

損失等)sympathy/?s?mp?θi/n.feelingofpityorsorrowforapersonintrouble同情literal/?l?t?r?l/adj.followingtheexactmeaningwithnoexaggerationandnothingaddedbytheimagination照字面的，完全根據原文的NewWords

frailty/?fre?lti/n.(formal)aweaknessofcharacterorbehavior[正

式](品性或行為上的)弱點，缺點immaturity/??m??t???(r)/n.

thestateorqualityofbeingimmature(理智、智力等的)不成熟，不老練

induce/?n?dju?s/vt.

(formal)tolead(somebodytodosomething)byinfluenceorpersuasion[正式]勸誘，促使(某人做某事)plaster/?plɑ?st?r/n.asubstanceputonwalls,etc.whichdriestoformahardsmoothsurface(涂抹墻壁等用的)灰泥saint/se?nt/n.anextremelyvirtuousperson圣人，圣徒，道德崇高的人NewWords

limitation/?l?m??te???n/n.(usu.pl.)aweaknessofbodyorcharacterwhichlimitsone'sactions[常用復數](身體或個性上的)局限，不足之處principle/?pr?ns?p?l/n.

amoralruleorsetofideaswhichguidesbehavior道德標準，準則

contradiction/?k?ntr??d?k??n/n.

1.directoppositionbetweenthingscompared矛盾；2.inconsistency不一致enliven/?n?la?v?n/vt.tomakemoreactive,spirited,orcheerful使活潑，使有生氣fault/f?lt/n.amistakeorimperfection差錯，錯誤，過失NewWords

award/??w??d/vt.tograntasmeritedordue(因優點或善行而)獎勵，授予，給予remain/r??me?n/vt.

tocontinuetobe(inanunchangedstate)繼續，依然(不變)

profession/pr??fe??n/n.

anoccupationrequiringconsiderabletrainingandspecializedstudy(尤指受過教育和專門訓練的)專業，職業stagnate/st?ɡ?ne?t/vi.tostopdevelopingormakingprogress停滯，不發展deteriorate/d??t??ri?re?t/vi.tobecomeworse變壞，惡化NewWords

adapt/??d?pt/vt.tomakeorbecomesuitable(fornewneeds,differentconditions,etc.)(使)適應，(使)適合improvise/??mpr?va?z/vi.

todosomethingwithoutpreparation臨時做，即興做某事

infinite/??nf?n?t/adj.

1.verygreat極大的；2.withoutlimits無窮的resilient/r??z?li?nt/adj.abletorecoverquicklyfromshockordepression能迅速恢復活力的，適應性強的stride

/stra?d/n.alongstepinwalking大步，闊步NewWords

innumerable/??nju?m?r?b?l/adj.1.toomanytobecounted數不清的；2.numerous無數的，許多的petty/?peti/adj.

of(relatively)littleimportance不重要的，瑣碎的

irritation/??r??te???n/n.

feelingofanger,annoyanceorimpatience惱怒，

惱火particular/p??t?kj?l?(r)/adj.oforrelatingtoasingle,definitepersonorthing(人或物)特定的，特指的cardinal

/?kɑ?d?n?l/adj.1.offoremostimportance最重要的；2.paramount主要的NewWords

acquire/??kwa??(r)/vt.togetbyone'sownability,effortsorbehavior(靠

自己的能力、努力等)獲得，得到Phrases&Expressions

drawuptoprepareandputintowrittenform,todraft起草，擬定

ruleout1.toexclude排除；2.todecidenot

toconsider不予考慮tuneintotobeabletorealizeorunderstand熟悉……,了解……decideupon...tomakeachoiceorjudgmentabout對……做出決定

everynowandthenattimes,sometimes偶爾，時而Phrases&Expressions

putonanacttobehaveinanaffectedway裝模作樣，故作姿態

atamoment'snoticeimmediately,rightaway馬上，立即take(something)inone'sstridetoacceptordealwitheffortlessly從容地/輕而易舉地對付(某事)byfarbyalargeamountordegree……得多(指量或程度)CulturalBackgroundandRelatedInformation

英國教育經歷了長達800年的檢驗，仍然居世界之先，其精髓在于注重全面素質教育，教會學生怎樣去思考，培養學生獨立工作的能力，以及啟發他們主動學習。英國的學校為學生提供充滿活力、創新和挑戰的環境，以促使學生個體充分發揮自己的潛能。ReadingComprehensionDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Thengobacktothetextforacheckofyourunderstanding.Youshouldtellwhichline(s)ofwhichparagraphsupport(s)you.Finally,workinpairstocorrectthosefalsestatements.ReadingComprehensionFactSearching1Accordingtotheauthor,therearegenerallyacceptedpersonalqualitiesofateacherthoughdifferentpeoplecertainlyholdvariousopinionsaboutthis.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.2Ateacherwithafine,pleasantpersonalitydoesnotnecessarilyhavetobeveryappealinginappearancesincepeoplewhoarephysicallyplainorevenuglymayhavegreatpersonalcharm.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.

12-31-32ReadingComprehensionFactSearching3Aschoolteacherissupposedtobetolerantofchildren'swrongconductsincenochildcanbeimmunefrommakingmistakes.T/FLine(s)______Para______.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.4Wecaninferfromthepassagethatasaintisonewithbothintellectualandmoralhonesty.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.5Itisconflicting,accordingtotheauthor,torequireanhonestteachertoputonanactintheclass.T/FLine(s)______Para______._____________________________________________________.5-83.Ateachershouldbetoler