試題PAGE1試題2024北京理工大附中高一（下）期中英語第一部分知識運用(共三節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共8小題;每小題1分，共8分)一．根據(jù)括號內(nèi)漢語提示，用單詞正確形式填空。1.WhenthankingtheCommitteeforthehonour,TuYouyousaid,“Thisisnotonlyanhonourformyself,butalso____________andencouragementforallscientistsinChina.”(認(rèn)可)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)2.TuYouyouresearchedhundredsoftraditional____________connectedtoanti-malarialcures.(處方；秘訣)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)3.Unfortunately,in1995disaster____________Reeve.(突然發(fā)生某種不幸；打，擊)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)4.Withanewsenseofenergyand____________,Reeveundertookanintenseexerciseprogramtohelphimachievehisgoalofwalkingagain.(投入，忠誠，奉獻，承諾)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)5.Hispaintingswere____________experimentsashetriedtoplaywithreality.(視覺的，視力的)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)6.OneofVincentvanGoghmasterpiecesisThe____________Night.(布滿星星的)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)7.LudwigvanBeethovenisregardedasoneofthegreatest____________.(作曲家)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)8.Afterall,whatuseisaconductorwhocouldnothearhisorchestra—evenifheisamusical____________.(天才)(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Brittanywashavingoneofthosedayswhenthingsjustkeptgoingwrong.Shewastiredandstressedassheleftfootballpracticewithallthreeofherkids.Witheveryonewornoutfromthebusyday,Brittanydecidedto___9___dinnerfromtheMcDonald’sontheirwayhome.Wyattwastheteenagerworkingtherewhotookher___10___thatday.AsBrittanypulleduptothedrive-throughwindowtopay,allherkidswerecryingforonereasonoranother.Andthat’swhenit___11___Brittany:She’dleftherpurseathome.Shelookedattheyoungmanwithtearsineyesjustfrombeing___12___andannoyedandsaid,“IamsosorrybutIhavetocancelthatorder.Ileftmypurseathomewhenwewenttofootballtonight.”BeforeBrittanycouldsayanything,Wyattpulledouthiswallet,swipedhiscard,andpaidforthemeal.AsateenagerworkingatMcDonald’s,Wyattprobablydoesn’t___13___much.Yet,hefirmlydeclinedallofBrittany’s___14___toreturnandpayhimback.WhileWyatt___15___shruggedoffwhathedid,Brittanyknewthisisjustthekindofhopeourworldneedsrightnow.So,shesnappedaquickphotoandsharedherstoryonsocialmedia.“IjustwanthisparentstoknowhowKIND&COMPASSIONATEtheirsonwastonight!Hemademerealizethisisexactlywhatweparentsaretryingtodo—___16___greathumans,”shewrote.AfterconnectingwithWyatt’smom,BrittanydiscoveredWyattwassavingupforavehicle.Soshestartedafundraisingcampaignonlinetohelptheteenrealizehisdream.StrangersfromalloverthecountrylovedBrittany’sstory.Thehumbleteenager___17___andencouragedthem.Beforelong,Brittanycollectedover$40,000fromthefundraiser!“Idon’tknowhowtoputitintowordsbecauseofjusthowcrazyitwas,”Wyattsaid.“It’sjustasmallactof____18____andeverythingblewupandit’sjustamazingtothinkthatsomethinglikethatcangetyouthisfar.”9.A.cook B.have C.grab D.serve10.A.place B.word C.order D.bill11.A.hit B.beat C.reminded D.informed12.A.nervous B.grateful C.scared D.stressed13.A.make B.spend C.waste D.collect14.A.demands B.promises C.suggestions D.invitations15.A.jokingly B.eagerly C.humbly D.cautiously16.A.raising B.protecting C.remembering D.guiding17.A.trusted B.instructed C.supported D.inspired18.A.will B.kindness C.honesty D.courage第三節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MynameisBarbaraandIworkatadepartmentstore.I____19____(work)thereforoneyearwhenanotherBarbarajoinedthestaff.ThenIchangedmynametagfrom“Barb”to“Barbie”.____20____mademefeelfunnywashowsmallkidstalkedaboutme.“IsshereallyBarbie?”theyasked.Ichangeditatmyotherjob,tooandbeganansweringthephone,“ThisisBarbie.HowcanIhelpyou?”Thecallershavegottenusedtothatovertime,ninetypercentof____21____nowrespondwithmyname:“Barbie,canyoutellme.”Pronouncingthatlong“e”soundforcesyourmouthintoasmile,butIhavefoundthesmileisusuallyreturnedvoluntarily.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Accordingtosomefoodexperts,itishardesttogiveupthefoodyougrowupwith.Ofcourse,eachperson’scomfortfoodlargelydependsontheplace____22____theycome—foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar,andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips,____23____(serve)hot,saltyandsour.Onemouthfulofcomfortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots,____24____(give)usthe“tasteofhome”andrelievingfeelingsofhomesickness.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mostofusclaimwedon’thavetimeforexercise.However,manyexpertssaythatexerciseplaysanimportantroleinmakingourbodyhealthy.Being____25____(physical)activeoffersmany____26____(advantage).Asaphysicalreward,exercisecanreduceweightandtheriskofheartdisease.Exercisealsobringsgoodeffectsmentally.Itcanmakeusfeelrefreshedandhappy,helpingusincreaseourlifequality.Actually,exercisecan____27____(do)insimpleways.Forexample,wecantakethestairsratherthanthelift.Overall,it’shardtofindtime____28____(exercise)inourbusylives,buteverylittlebithelps.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，共20分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIcelandhaslongbeenidentifiedashavinguniqueenvironments.Hereyoucanwalkandswimbetweentectonic(地殼構(gòu)造的)plates,bathingeothermalwaters,andexperiencethewildlandscapes.Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).DAY1ArriveinReykjavik.Aftercheck-in,youwillvisitthegeothermalpoolsoftheBlueLagoontorelaxafteryourflight,beforereturningtoyourhoteltofreshenup.YouwillthenheadtotheAuroraBasecampObservatory,whereyouwillbeabletoseethenorthernlightsrecreatedindoors.Intheevening,spaceexpertNiamhShawwillgivethefirstoftwotalksonourattempttoestablishbasesonotherplanets.DAY2Afterbreakfast,youwillsetoutonspecialvehiclestowardsTingvellirNationalPark,aregisteredUNESCOworldheritage(遺產(chǎn))siteaccompaniedbyNiamh.Here,youwillhavetheopportunitytodosomethingthatyoucan’tdoanywhereelse,theopportunitytoswimbetweenthetectonicplates.Intheevening,youwillenjoyasecondtalkfromNiamh.DAY3Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsthe2020NASAtestsite,wheretheNASASAND_EMarsRoverisbeingtested.NASAscientistswillbeonhandtoexplaintheproject,alongwithupdatesofthecurrentMarsmissionsandthemostrecentfindings.DAY4In2019,IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsv?tnVolcanoontopoftheVatnaj?kullGlacier(冰川)tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.Wewillbeworkingtogetherwiththeagencytocreateauniqueexperienceforyoutodayontheglacier.DAY5Intheafternoon,youwillreachthebridgebetweenthecontinents,spanningagapinbetweenthetwotectonicplates,onyourwaytoKeflavikAirportandyoureveningflighthome.29.WhowouldbemostinterestedinthistravelarrangementtoIceland?A.Fictionwriters.B.Spaceenthusiasts.C.Wildlifeprotectors.D.Professionalswimmers.30.WhichdaysincludechancestoexperiencesomethingaboutMars?A.Day1andDay2.B.Day2andDay3.C.Day3andDay4.D.Day4andDay5.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbestpromotethistour?A.“Wehopetoofferyouagreatopportunitytoenjoyhiking.”B.“WewillletyouexplorehowNASAisapartofeverydaylife.”C.“Wewanttohelpyoudiscoverspacesciencethroughthejoyoftravel.”D.“WewillprovideyouachancetoexperiencethecultureneartheArcticCircle.”BAfewdaysago,myhusband,Russ,andIlostourhouseof28yearstoaCaliforniawildfire.Onthatnight,wehadtoleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.Thenextmorning,wehadtodrivethreeandahalfhourstofindahotelthathadanavailableroom.Onlylater,inthelocalnewspaper,didweseephotographsofthedestruction.Ourhousehadbeenconsumedbythefirealongwithmostofourneighborhood.Howarewegoingtorebuildafterthis?Ithought,roundingacornerinthesidewalkonmywalkbacktothehotel.Isitevenpossible?Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.Theywerejustnickels,buttheysomehowfeltspecial.Ibentdownandpickedthemup.Ifthesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.Afewdayslater,Imadeatriptothestoretobuyessentials.Theenormoustaskofreplacingeverythingwe’dlostputaheavyweightonme.IwasabouttoleavewhenIfelttheurgetostopandturnmyheadtotheright.Icouldhardlybelieveit—thereonnickelashelf,wasanickel!Okay,maybethisismorethanluck,Ithoughtandputthenickelinmypocket.ItoldmyselfthatIhadfoundthenickelsjustbychance.ThenIfoundonenexttomyplateatarestaurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousemorethanever.Itseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsplummeted.WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,I’dfindanothernickel.Inthegrassatthepark,ornearthetireofmycarinaparkinglot.Once,mychangeforaquicklunchwasgivenentirelyinnickels.“I’msorry,”thecashiersaid.“It’sallwehave.”It’sallIneeded!Oneday,Iwassittingatthedeskwhenmyphonerang.Itwasareal-estateagentI’dbeenworkingwith.“Ihaveanewlisting,”shesaid.“Whencanweseeit?”Afewhourslater,RussandIwerefollowingtheagentdownthedrivewaytowardthehouse.Ididn’tthinklong.Becausethere,inthedriveway,…32.Afterthewildfire,thecouple________.A.livedintheircarforonenightB.tooksomephotosofthedestructionC.couldhardlyaffordtheirThanksgivingdinnerD.savedpreciousitemsfromtheburneddownhouse33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Remained. B.Changed. C.Strengthened. D.Sank.34.Whatdidthefoundnickelsmeantotheauthor?A.Luckfortheforeseeablefuture.B.Hopeduringchallengingtimes.C.Signsofahugefortunetocome.D.Remindersofwhathadhappened.35.Whichwouldbethebestendingforthepassage?A.Ispottedaflashofsilverinthesun,twonickels,bothheadsup.B.Ifoundanoldnickel,whichseemedtotellastoryfromthepast.C.Isawamysteriouslockedbox,andthoughtperhapsitwasfullofnickels.D.Ilookedupandimaginedsomethingonacloud,agiantnickel,justforme.CTheLandUndertheSeaTenthousandyearsago,asthelasticeageended,sealevelsaroundtheworldwerefarlowerthantheyaretoday.MuchofthelandunderboththeNorthSeatotheeastofBritainandtheEnglishChannelwhichnowseparatesFranceandBritainwaspartofahugeregionofforestsandgrassyplains.Thentheclimategraduallybecamewarmerandthewatertrappedinlargemassesoficewasreleased.Nowthedevelopmentofadvancedsonar(聲納)technology,knownasbathymetry,ismakingitpossibletostudythisfloodedlandscapeinextraordinarydetail.Aspecialecho(回聲)sounderisfixedtothebottomofasurveyshipanditmakeswidesweepsacrosstheseabed.Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.Forthefirsttime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthethree-dimensionalimage.Thesiteofpre-historicsettlementscannowbepinpointed.AccordingtoexpertLindaAndrews,thistechnologicaldevelopmentisofhugesignificance.“Wenowhavetheabilitytomaptheseabedasaccuratelyaswecanmapdryland,”shesays.Oncebathymetrictechniqueshaveidentifiedsiteswherepeoplemighthavebuilttheirhomesandvillages,diverscanbesentdowntoinvestigatefurther.Robotsubmarines(潛艇)canalsobeused,andresearchershopetheywillfindstonetoolsandwoodfromhousesasproofofhumanactivity.TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontinentalEurope.Itremainstobeseenhowfarthisnewawarenessistakenonboard,however.Infact,theuseofbathymetrywillnotbelimitedtothestudyoflostlandscapesandancientsettlements.Itwillalsobevitalinfindingshipsthathavebeendestroyedinaccidents.Inaddition,commercialapplicationsarearealpossibility.Aggregates(骨材)fortheconstructionindustryarebecomingincreasinglyexpensive,andbathymetrycanbeusedtoidentifysuitablesitesfordiggingforthismaterial.Mappingtheseabedwillalsoidentifyplaceswhererareplantsandshellfishareliving.Diggingatsuchsitesshouldbeprevented,eithertoworkforaprofitortomakedeeperwaterwaysformassivecontainerships.36.Howdoesbathymetrywork?A.Ithasanechosounderplacedontheseabed.B.Itmakesuseofanumberofdifferentdevices.C.Itproducestwo-dimensionalimagesoftheseafloor.D.Itbasesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsites.37.Theauthorbelievesabetterunderstandingofthesettlementsontheseabedmay______.A.attractinvestmentintheresearchundertheseaB.inspirepeopletotakeaninterestinmoderntechnologyC.adapttheattitudesoftheBritishtotheircountry’shistoryD.receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancientman-madeobjects38.Wecanlearnthattheuseofbathymetrywillhelpto______.A.identifynewspeciesofplantsandanimals B.providethepreciselocationofsunkenshipsC.evaluatethecostofseekingcertainresources D.promotethedevelopmentofdeeperwaterways第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?Self-esteemisaperson'ssubjectiveassessmentofhisorherworthtohimselforherself.Self-esteemcoversvariousbeliefsaboutoneself(suchas'Tmafailure"and"I'mbeautiful")aswellasphysiologicalstates,includingsadness,joy,andshame.Themorewebelievethatweareworthyofhappinessandgoodthingsinlife,themoreself-fulfilledwewillbe.Whenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.____39____Healthyself-esteemasanadultcanbeagiftgiveninyourchildhood.Itisablessingthatmostpeopleoverlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildrenthatresultedinthemhavinghighself-esteem.Forinstance,theywerepraisedforwhattheyhadachieved.____40____Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalsopossiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.____41____Aschildren,manyofthesepeoplewerecriticized,yelledat,orabusedinonewayoranother.Thereisalsoahighchancethattheyweregivennoattentionbytheadultswhoweresupposedtocareforthem.Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect.____42____Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheirmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.Oftentimesthesepeoplehavetopretendtobesomethingtheyarenotjusttogetapproval.Howyoufeelaboutyourselfimpactshowyouliveyourlife.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtohavebetterrelationshipsthanthosewithlowself-esteem.____43____Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethattheywerespokentorespectfully.B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.C.Sinceself-esteemisconnectedtohowweperform,itisimportanttoworkonit.D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.F.Theyfacefailuretoo,buttheyunderstandthatfailureorsuccessdoesn'tdefinethem.G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第44、45題各2分，第46題3分，第47題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成對該問題的回答。SharedServicesNeedMoreImaginationSupposeyouneedtodrillaholeinthewalltohanganitembutdonotownapowerdrill.Youmayregarditasexpensivetobuyapowerdrillandconsiderrentingone.Sharingisthesolution.Thesharingindustryisanemerging.highlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorforafee.Theimportantideaofthesharingindustryisthatpeoplemightonlyneedanitemforarelativelyshortperiod.Theprivatepartofsharedserviceshasbeenmovingtowardsthisareasincethebeginningofthe1980s,andthenthepublicparthastakennoteofthebenefitsandcontinuedforbestpractice.TheUnitedStatesandAustraliaamongothershavehadsharedservicesingovernmentsincethelate1990s.Withtheriseofthesharingindustry,thebest-knownsharedbikesandsharedcarshavegotalotofpublicattention.Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitisincreasinglypopularamongpeopleinmanycities.Ofcoursesharedservicesdon’tneedtobelimitedtomachines.Therealpay-offinsharedservicesprobablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.Forexample,intoday’scasualenvironment,youdon’tneedatieunlessyou’regoingtoaweddingorajobinterview.Sosomecompanies,wouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.Anotherexampleisanumbrella-sharingservice.Sincevisitorsdon’twanttobecarryingumbrellasalltheway,itwouldbecheaperandeasiertosimplyborrowanumbrellaononestreetcorneranddropitoffonanother.RecentlyorganizationsthathavecentralizedtheirITfunctionshavebeguntotakeacloselookatthetechnologyservicesthattheirITdepartmentsprovideforcustomers,evaluatingwhereitmakessensetoprovidetechnologycomponents.E-mallandscanning(歸描)operationswereobviousearlycandidates.Manyorganizationsarenowofteringtheirdocument-intensiveoperationsisasharedservice,Thereisnodoubtthatpeoplearecallingfortheexpansionofsharedservicestomoreandmoretreas.44.Whatisthesharingindustry?___________________________________________________________45.Whydoessharedtransportationreceiveattentionfrompeople?___________________________________________________________46.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Sharedservicesaregettingincreasinglypopularfortheirconvenience,buttherearestillcallsforexpansiontowiderareasbecausetheyarecurrentlyrestrictedtomachines___________________________________________________________47.Pleaseprovideanotherexampleofsharedservicesandexplainyourreason.(about40words)___________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)48.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校將舉辦主題為“創(chuàng)意點亮校園”學(xué)生手工作品展。請給你校的交換生Jim寫一封郵件，邀請他參觀展覽。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹展覽信息(例如：時間、地點、內(nèi)容等)；2.詢問對方意向。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：手工作品handicraftDearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識運用(共三節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共8小題;每小題1分，共8分)一．根據(jù)括號內(nèi)漢語提示，用單詞正確形式填空。1.【答案】recognition【詳解】考查名詞。句意：在感謝委員會授予的榮譽時，屠呦呦說:“這不僅是對我自己的榮譽，也是對中國所有科學(xué)家的認(rèn)可和鼓勵。”空處表示“認(rèn)可”用recognition，不可數(shù)名詞，與encouragement并列用and連接，作表語。故填recognition。2.【答案】recipes【詳解】考查名詞。句意：屠呦呦研究了數(shù)百種與抗瘧疾療法有關(guān)的傳統(tǒng)配方。表示“處方；秘訣”用recipe，結(jié)合hundredsof可知，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填recipes。3.【答案】struck【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：不幸的是，1995年災(zāi)難襲擊了里夫。表示“突然發(fā)生某種不幸；打，擊”用strike，結(jié)合in1995可知，句子用一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填struck。4.【答案】commitment【詳解】考查名詞。句意：有了新的能量和決心，里夫開始了一項高強度的運動計劃，以幫助他實現(xiàn)再次走路的目標(biāo)。“投入，忠誠，奉獻，承諾，熱情，決心”為commitment，此處與energy并列作賓語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填commitment。5.【答案】visual【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他的畫是視覺實驗，因為他試圖與現(xiàn)實游戲。“視覺的，視力的”譯為visual，形容詞作定語。故填visual。6.【答案】Starry【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：梵高的杰作之一是《星空》。表示“布滿星星的”用starry，形容詞作定語，此處表示作品名稱，首字母大寫，用斜體。故填Starry。7.【答案】composers【詳解】考查名詞。句意：路德維希·凡·貝多芬被認(rèn)為是最偉大的作曲家之一。“作曲家”譯為composer，oneof后用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)composers。故填composers。8.【答案】genius【詳解】考查名詞。句意：畢竟，一個聽不見他的管弦樂隊的指揮有什么用——即使他是一個音樂天才。表示“天才”用genius，a后面搭配可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填genius。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】9.C10.C11.A12.D13.A14.B15.C16.A17.D18.B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。布列塔尼去麥當(dāng)勞買飯時忘了帶錢包，麥當(dāng)勞的工作人員懷亞特幫她付了錢并且拒絕她還錢，布列塔尼被他的善舉所感動。【詳解】1.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：忙碌了一天，大家都筋疲力盡，布列塔尼決定在回家的路上去麥當(dāng)勞吃頓飯。A.cook烹飪；B.have有；C.grab吃；D.serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)“fromtheMcDonald’s”可知，此處是指去麥當(dāng)勞吃晚飯。grabdinner意為“吃晚飯”。故選C。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：懷亞特就是那天幫她點單的那個少年。A.place地方；B.word單詞；C.order點餐；D.bill賬單。根據(jù)“workingthere”可知，懷亞特是麥當(dāng)勞的工作人員，所以此處是指為她點餐。故選C。3.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，布列塔尼想到了這件事:她把錢包忘在家里了。A.hit突然想到；B.beat擊敗；C.reminded提醒；D.informed通知。ithitssb意為“某人想起某事”，此處是指列塔尼想到了她把錢包忘在家里了。故選A。4.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她看著那個年輕人，眼里噙著淚水，只是因為壓力和煩惱，說“對不起，取消訂單”。A.nervous緊張的；B.grateful感激的；C.scared害怕的；D.stressed有壓力的。前文提到她沒有帶錢包，且and表明此處應(yīng)填和annoyed相近的詞，所以是“壓力大的”。故選D。5.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個在麥當(dāng)勞工作的青少年，懷亞特可能掙不了多少錢。A.make賺錢；B.spend花時間或金錢；C.waste浪費；D.collect收集。根據(jù)“AsateenagerworkingatMcDonald’s”可知，懷亞特可能掙不了多少錢。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他堅決地拒絕了布列塔尼要他還錢的所有承諾。A.demands要求；B.promises承諾；C.suggestions建議；D.invitations邀請。根據(jù)“returnandpayhimback.”可知，他堅決地拒絕了布列塔尼要他還錢的所有承諾。故選B。7.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：懷亞特謙遜地對他的所作所為并沒有多想，而布里特妮知道這正是我們的世界現(xiàn)在需要的希望。A.jokingly開玩笑地；B.eagerly熱切地；C.humbly謙遜地；D.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)后文“Thehumbleteenager”（這位謙遜地青年）可知，懷亞特很謙遜。故選C。8.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓我意識到這正是我們做父母的努力——培養(yǎng)偉大的人。A.raising養(yǎng)育；B.protecting保護；C.remembering記住；D.guiding引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)“whatweparentsaretryingtodo”以及“greathumans”可知，此處是指父母培養(yǎng)偉大的人。故選A。9.考查動詞辨詞義析。句意：這個謙遜的青年鼓舞和鼓勵了他們。A.trusted信任；B.instructed指導(dǎo)；C.supported支持；D.inspired鼓舞。根據(jù)“encourage”可知，此處應(yīng)用和encourage詞義相近的詞語，且這個青年的行為讓她很感動，所以是“鼓舞”。故選D。10.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這只是一個小小的善舉，一切都被放大了，想到這樣的事情能讓你走到這一步，真是太不可思議了。A.will意愿；B.kindness善意；C.honesty誠實；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)前文可知，懷亞特不求回報地幫助了布列塔尼，所以是善舉。故選B。第三節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】19.hadworked20.What21.whom【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在一家百貨公司工作時，另一位和作者同名的人也加入進來的趣事。【19題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：我在那里工作了一年之后，另一個Barbara加入了工作。由“whenanotherBarbarajoinedthestaff”可知，當(dāng)另一個Barbara加入了工作時，“我”已經(jīng)工作一年了，空格處用過去完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去的過去，因此空格處是hadworked。故填hadworked。【20題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：讓我覺得好笑的是小孩子們怎么談?wù)撐摇？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是主語從句，從句中缺少主語，此處指“小孩子們怎么談?wù)撐摇边@件事，因此空格處用what引導(dǎo)主語從句，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填What。【21題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：隨著時間的推移，來百貨公司的人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了，現(xiàn)在90%的人對我名字的反應(yīng)是“芭比，你能告訴我嗎？”空格處是“介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞callers是人，因此空格處用whom，故填whom。【答案】22.where23.served24.giving【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。根據(jù)一些食品專家的說法，放棄伴隨你長大的食物是最難的。每個人的舒適食物在很大程度上取決于他們來的地方，一口安慰的食物帶我們回到我們的文化根源，給我們“家的味道”，緩解鄉(xiāng)愁。【22題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：當(dāng)然，每個人的舒適食物在很大程度上取決于他們來的地方——對中國人來說，可能是一盤餃子和一碟醋，而對英國人來說，可能是經(jīng)典的炸魚薯條，熱熱的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上來。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾theplace，從句中作地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，故填where。【23題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。分析句子可知，serve用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，與邏輯主語theclassicfishandchips是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作狀語，故填served。【24題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一口安慰的食物帶我們回到我們的文化根源，給我們“家的味道”，緩解鄉(xiāng)愁。分析句子可知，give用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，與邏輯主語Onemouthfulofcomfortfood是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填giving。【答案】25.physically26.advantages27.bedone28.toexercise【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，講述了鍛煉能使我們的身體健康，幫助提升生活質(zhì)量。【25題詳解】考查副詞。句意：積極鍛煉身體有很多好處。空處修飾形容詞active，用副詞作狀語。故填physically。【26題詳解】考查名詞。句意同上。many后為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，此處作賓語，用advantage的復(fù)數(shù)形式advantages。故填advantages。【27題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：實際上，鍛煉可以用簡單的方法來完成。can為情態(tài)動詞，其后用動詞原形，主語exercise與do構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。故填bedone。【28題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：總的來說，在我們忙碌的生活中很難找到時間鍛煉，但每一點都有幫助。分析句子可知，空處修飾time為定語，此處表示“……的時間”用動詞不定式作后置定語。故填toexercise。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2分，共20分)【答案】29.B30.C31.C【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了冰島之旅五天的具體行程。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).(此外，這些獨特的環(huán)境吸引了空間科學(xué)界把冰島作為其前往火星任務(wù)的試驗地點之一。)”可知，太空愛好者對這次冰島之旅最感興趣。故選B項。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DAY3部分中“Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsthe2020NASAtestsite,wheretheNASASAND_EMarsRoverisbeingtested.(今天，你將開始前往2020年NASA測試地點的旅程，在那里NASASANDE火星探測器正在接受測試。)”及DAY4部分中“In2019,IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsv?tnVolcanoontopoftheVatnaj?kullGlacier(冰川)tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.(2019年，冰島航天局主辦了隊前往Vatnaj?kull冰川上方的Grimsv?tn火山的ISAGEVR1探險，實地測試由美國宇航局/約翰遜航天中心設(shè)計的MS1火星模擬航天服。)”可知，第3天和第4天有體驗有關(guān)火星的機會。故選C項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).(此外，這些獨特的環(huán)境吸引了空間科學(xué)界把冰島作為其前往火星任務(wù)的試驗地點之一。)”可知，文章主要講述的是能體驗航天科學(xué)的冰島之旅，所以C項“我們想幫助您通過旅行的樂趣發(fā)現(xiàn)空間科學(xué)。”能最好地宣傳這次旅行。故選C項。【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者住了28年的房子被大火摧毀，住在外面的酒店。偶然撿到2枚鎳幣，后來作者發(fā)現(xiàn)每當(dāng)她精神一落千丈時就會出現(xiàn)鎳幣的故事。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Onthatnight,wehadtoleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.(那天晚上，我們不得不離開家，睡在福特的后座上。)”可知，野火過后，他們是在車上過了一夜。故選A。【33題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第七段中“WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,I’dfindanothernickel.(每當(dāng)我達到臨界點時，我就會發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個鎳。)和“ThenIfoundonenexttomyplateatarestaurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousemorethanever”（感恩節(jié)那天，我在一家餐館的盤子旁邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個，我比以往任何時候都更想念我們的房子。）”推斷可知，每次有低落情緒（通過想家情節(jié)推出）時，就會出現(xiàn)鎳幣。劃線單詞plummeted大意為心情低落，心涼。故選D。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifthesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.(如果這些是幸運幣，我可以用我能得到的所有運氣。)”以及下文作者收到房產(chǎn)中介電話要帶她去看房子，可以看出作者撿到硬幣對作者來說是困難時期的希望。故選B。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中作者總是在她心情低落時撿到鎳幣可以推測，接下來作者可能在車道上，戶外陽光下看到了2枚鎳幣，這和第四段“Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.(我注意到前方有東西——一對鎳幣，像珍貴的珠寶一樣閃閃發(fā)光。)”第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)鎳幣的情節(jié)前后呼應(yīng)。故選A。【答案】36.B37.C38.B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了關(guān)于海底陸地測量的方法——深度測量法及實際運用。【36題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.(雖然以前的技術(shù)只能產(chǎn)生二維圖像，但測深學(xué)現(xiàn)在可以使用計算機、衛(wèi)星定位設(shè)備和特殊軟件來繪制精確而非常詳細的地圖。)”可知，水深測量技術(shù)使用許多不同的設(shè)備來工作。故選B。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontine