Unit

5

Languages

Around

the

WorldPeriod

Ⅲ

Discovering

Useful

Structures課后篇

課時分層訓練基礎自測

高頻詞匯

單句語法填空1.We

visited

the

house

_________

the

famous

scientist

once

lived.where2.The

car

_________

window

got

broken

in

the

accident

belongs

to

Mr.

Brown.whose3.This

is

the

primary

school

_________

both

my

brother

and

I

stayed

for

six

years.where4.It

was

a

period

________

they

met

very

frequently.when5.When

I

arrived,

my

friend

took

me

to

see

the

house

_________

I

would

be

staying.where6.We

have

come

to

a

point

_________

everyone

has

different

opinions

and

it

is

difficult

to

reach

an

agreement.where7.Bob

is

now

in

a

position

_________

he

has

no

more

money

to

pay

his

rent.where8.One

of

the

reasons

_______

he

was

refused

in

the

interview

was

that

his

spoken

English

was

terrible.why9.The

reason

_______

he

gave

up

his

well-paid

job

isn’t

known

to

us.why10.I’ll

never

forget

the

time

____________

we

spent

together

in

the

army

camp.that/which11.I’ll

never

forget

the

day

________

I

joined

the

League.when12.Miss

Liu

is

an

excellent

teacher

from

_________

I

have

learned

a

lot.whom13.The

Smiths

have

two

children,

both

of

_________

work

in

New

York.whom14.The

number

of

the

people

___________

come

to

visit

the

city

each

year

has

risen

to

one

million.that/who15.They

have

reached

the

stage

_________

they

are

going

to

get

married.where要點探究

詞匯精析1.struggle

n.&

vi.斗爭；奮斗；搏斗（教材P64）When

I

started

studying

German,

it

was

a

struggle.當我開始學習德語時，這是一場奮斗。struggle

for…

努力爭取……；為……而斗爭struggle

against/with…

與……作斗爭struggle

to

do

sth.

努力做某事struggle

to

one’s

feet

掙扎著站起來①We

have

to

struggle

with

all

kinds

of

difficulties

from

home

and

abroad.我們必須和來自國內外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。②Workers

are

struggling

for

a

clean

canteen

and

healthy

food.工人們正在為干凈的食堂和健康的食物而斗爭。③She

never

gave

up

and

struggled

to

live

an

active

life.她從不放棄，努力過著積極的生活。④After

the

accident,

Lin

Tao

struggled

to

his

feet

and

dialed

119.出事后，林濤掙扎著站起來并撥打了119。2.point

of

view

觀點；看法（教材P64）I

had

finally

come

to

a

place

where

I

could

think

in

this

foreign

language,

and

I

could

see

the

world

from

a

different

point

of

view.我終于來到了一個可以用外語思考的地方，我可以從一個不同的角度看世界。①From

my

point

of

view,

you

should

turn

to

your

teacher

for

help.依我看來，你應該向老師求助。②I

respect

your

point

of

view,

but

I’m

not

sure

I

agree

with

you.我尊重你的觀點，但我還是不敢茍同。③In

my

opinion/view,

you

can

have

a

better

understanding

of

the

Spring

Festival

through

the

activities.＝As

far

as

I’m

concerned,

you

can

have

a

better

understanding

of

the

Spring

Festival

through

the

activities.＝From

my

point

of

view,

you

can

have

a

better

understanding

of

the

Spring

Festival

through

the

activities.在我看來，通過這些活動，你可以更好地了解春節。要點探究

句式精析（教材P64）It

was

exercise

for

the

brain;

the

more

I

learnt

of

a

language,

the

more

my

brain

would

grow.這是對大腦的鍛煉；我對一門語言學得越多，我的大腦就會發育得越多。【要點提煉】the＋比較級，the＋比較級

越……，就越……the

more…，the

less…

越……，就越不……the

more…，the

better…

……越多，……就越好①The

more

he

explained,

the

more

confused

I

became.他越解釋我就越迷惑。②As

is

known

to

us，

the

lazier

a

person

is，

the

more

things

he

needs

to

do

tomorrow.眾所周知，一個人越懶，他明天要做的事情就越多。③The

harder

you

work，

the

greater

progress

you

will

make.你越努力工作，取得的進步就越大。④The

more

careful

you

are，

the

fewer

mistakes

you

will

make.你越仔細，就越少犯錯誤。語法精講精析一、關系副詞引導的定語從句關系副詞的指代及功能關系副詞先行詞功能when表示時間的名詞時間狀語where表示地點的名詞地點狀語whyreason原因狀語1.關系副詞when引導定語從句時，先行詞應是表示時間的名詞，關系詞在從句中作時間狀語。◆

I

still

remember

the

time

when

I

first

travelled

by

plane.我仍然記得我第一次坐飛機旅行的時候。◆

We

will

never

forget

the

year

when

the

29th

Olympic

Games

were

held

in

Beijing.我們將永遠不會忘記第29屆奧運會在北京舉辦的那一年。2.關系副詞where引導定語從句時，先行詞應是表示地點或抽象地點的名詞，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語。◆

I’d

like

to

live

in

the

house

where

there

is

plenty

of

sunshine.我喜歡住在那間陽光充足的房子里。◆

The

house

where

I

lived

ten

years

ago

has

been

pulled

down.我十年前居住的那所房子已經被拆除了。3.關系副詞why引導定語從句時，先行詞常常為reason，關系詞在從句中作原因狀語。◆

I

don’t

know

the

reason

why

he

didn’t

turn

to

his

good

friend

for

help

yesterday.我不知道昨天他為什么沒向他的好朋友求助。◆

Can

you

tell

me

the

reason

why

you

didn’t

come

to

his

birthday

party?你能告訴我你沒參加他的生日宴會的原因嗎？【注意】

表示時間、地點及原因的名詞作先行詞時，定語從句可用關系代詞引導，也可用關系副詞引導。若先行詞在定語從句中作狀語，應用關系副詞；若先行詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，則應用關系代詞。試比較：◆

Do

you

remember

the

days

when

we

chatted

with

each

other

all

night？你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？（when在從句中作狀語）◆

Do

you

remember

the

days

that/which

we

spent

together

on

the

farm？你還記得我們在農場一起度過的那些日子嗎？（that或which在從句中作spent的賓語）◆

The

reason

why/for

which

you

failed

was

that

you

had

not

followed

your

mother’s

advice.你失敗的原因是你沒有聽你母親的忠告。（定語從句中缺少狀語，所以用why或for

which,

why作原因狀語）◆

I

won’t

listen

to

the

reason

that/which

you

have

given

us.我堅決不聽你給我們提供的那個理由。（定語從句中缺少賓語，所以用that/which，不用why）二、“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句

當關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，我們通常用“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句。如果指“人”，用“介詞＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介詞＋which”；關系代詞有時也用whose（作定語）。

選用介詞的依據：1.根據定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習慣（即固定短語）。◆

Yesterday

we

visited

the

West

Lake

for

which

Hangzhou

is

famous.昨天我們參觀了西湖，杭州因其而出名。（be

famous

for…意為“因……而出名”）2.根據先行詞的搭配習慣（約定俗成，不一定是短語）。◆

This

is

the

camera

with

which

he

often

takes

photos.這就是他經常用來拍照的相機。（with

camera意為“用照相機”）◆

The

old

woman

with

whom

you

talked

just

now

is

a

famous

artist.剛才和你們說話的老太太是一位著名的藝術家。（talk

with

sb.意為“和某人談話”）3.根據句子的意思選擇。◆

My

computer,

without

which

I

can’t

surf

the

Internet，

broke

down

yesterday.昨天我的電腦壞了，沒有它我不能上網。4.表示“所有”關系或“整體中的一部分”時，通常用介詞of。◆

I

have

ten

books,

half

of

which

were

written

by

Mo

Yan.我有10本書，其中一半是莫言寫的。◆

The

old

man

has

two

sons,

both

of

whom

are

lawyers.這位老人有兩個兒子，他們兩個都是律師。【注意】

在定語從句中，有一些含介詞的動詞短語不可拆開使用，如look

after,

look

for等不能把介詞移至which或whom之前。◆

The

babies

whom

the

nurses

are

looking

after

are

very

healthy.（正）◆

The

babies

after

whom

the

nurses

are

looking

are

very

healthy.（誤）語法精練Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.I

will

never

forget

the

days

________

we

stayed

together

in

the

countryside.when2.Andrew

lives

alone

and

enjoys

the

company

of

a

pet

cat

______

which

he’s

grown

so

fond.of3.The

reason

_______

he

was

late

was

that

something

was

wrong

with

his

bike

on

the

way.why4.The

house

______

which

he

paid

200,000

yuan

is

now

worth

350,000

yuan.for5.—Are

you

getting

on

well

with

your

partner?—Not

at

all.

We’ve

almost

come

to

the

point

_________

we

have

to

separate.whereⅡ.用關系副詞或“介詞＋關系代詞”將下列每對句子合并成一個句子1.Your

mother

is

talking

to

the

boy.

Do

you

know

him?______________________________________________________Do

you

know

the

boy

to

whom

your

mother

is

talking？2.The

factory

is

far

away

from

my

hometown.

His

father

works

there.________________________________________________________________________The

factory

where/in

which

his

father

works

is

far

away

from

my

hometown.3.I

didn’t

come

this

morning.

The

reason

was

that

it

rained

heavily.__________________________________________________________________________The

reason

why/for

which

I

didn’t

come

this

morning

was

that

it

rained

heavily.4.Yesterday

Mary

bought

a

few

clothes.

All

of

them

were

beautiful.______________________________________________________________Yesterday

Mary

bought

a

few

clothes,

all

of

which

were

beautiful.5.You

solve

the

problem

in

this

way.

I

don’t

like

it.___________________________________________________I

don’t

like

the

way

in

which

you

solve

the

problem.課后篇

課時分層訓練合格考過關練Ⅰ.單句語法填空

閱讀下列句子，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.He

told

the

workers

to

fight

______

their

rights.for2.There

was

a

time

________

I

hated

to

go

to

school.when3.The

teacher

looked

down

and

saw

_____

sea

of

smiling

faces.a4.Lydia

doesn’t

feel

_______

studying

abroad.

Her

parents

are

old.like5.The

higher

the

temperature

is,

______

faster

water

turns

into

steam.the6.Encourage

your

children

_________

（try）

new

things,

but

try

not

to

push

them

too

hard.to

try7.For

over

four

hundred

years,

they

have

conducted

_____

brave

struggle

for

independence.a8.I

know

that

nothing

would

ever

discourage

him;

he

would

never

give

______

wanting

to

be

a

director.up9.Having

checked

the

doors

were

closed,

and

_______

all

the

lights

were

off,

the

boy

opened

the

door

to

his

bedroom.that等級考提分練Ⅱ.閱讀理解A

English

is

not

pronounced

as

it

is

written:vowels

（元音）

and

consonants

（輔音）

can

often

be

pronounced

in

different

ways,

and

there

are

no

accents

to

help

you

with

stress.

For

this

reason,

most

students

see

pronunciation

as

one

of

the

most

difficult

things

of

the

language,

and

they

expect

their

teachers

to

help

them

with

it.

Before

a

student

can

pronounce

well,

they

must

be

able

to

pronounce

each

sound

more

or

less

correctly.

·Incorrect

pronunciation

is

one

of

the

main

reasons

for

breakdown

in

communication.

·The

more

help

students

are

given

with

their

pronunciation,

the

more

confident

they

feel

when

they

speak

and

the

more

likely

they

are

to

have

a

go

at

speaking.

·There

is

no

point

in

teaching

students

new

words

or

phrases

if

they

can’t

pronounce

them

correctly.

·Although

there

are

many

irregularities,

there

are

also

rules

which

can

help

students

to

pronounce

better.

About

70%

of

words

in

English

follow

a

regular

pronunciation

style.

·If

students

are

taught

to

recognize

phonemic

scripts

（音標注音）,

they

will

be

able

to

check

pronunciation

of

new

or

unusual

words

in

their

dictionary.

·Certain

English

sounds

may

not

exist

in

their

language

at

all

or

may

be

similar

but

different.

Students

may

tend

to

pronounce

letters

or

a

group

of

letters

in

the

same

way

as

in

their

own

language.

·Teaching

the

48

sounds

of

English

altogether

makes

students

realize

that

the

number

of

sounds

isn’t

limitless.

·Students

can

be

taught

to

see

the

relationship

between

a

single

letter

and

a

sound,

and

how

certain

groups

of

letters

produce

certain

sounds.

REMEMBER

Encourage

your

students

with

their

pronunciation.10.Whom

is

this

text

probably

written

for?(

)A.Students.

B.Teachers.

C.Parents.

D.Scientists.B【語篇導讀】

這是一篇應用文。本文主要講述了英語發音的重要性，并提出了幾條如何讓學生學好發音的建議。推理判斷題。根據最后一段可以推知，這篇文章可能是寫給老師的。故正確答案為B。11.What

will

people

do

if

you

pronounce

a

word

incorrectly?(

)A.Encourage

you

to

pronounce

correctly.

B.Teach

you

the

correct

pronunciation.C.Not

be

able

to

understand

you.

D.Not

get

along

well

with

you.C[解析]

推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，錯誤的發音會影響交流。由此可推知，如果你發音不正確，對方將不能理解你的意思。故正確答案為C。12.The

author

probably

disagrees

that

_____.A.there

are

pronunciation

rules

for

most

of

the

English

wordsB.pronunciation

is

one

of

the

most

difficult

things

of

the

languageC.teachers

should

help

and

encourage

students

with

their

pronunciationD.students

should

learn

new

words

before

pronouncing

them

correctlyD[解析]

細節理解題。根據第四段可知，如果學生不能正確地讀出新單詞的發音，那么老師教他們這些新單詞也是沒有意義的。故正確答案為D。B

Do

you

love

bacon

（熏豬肉）?

Who

doesn’t,

right?

From

time

to

time,

you

may

have

heard

the

phrase

“bring

home

the

bacon”.

Have

you

ever

wondered

what

that

means?

Actually,

“bring

home

the

bacon”

is

a

common

phrase

used

to

mean

“to

earn

money”.

If

you’re

“bringing

home

the

bacon”,

you’re

making

money

to

bring

home

to

your

family.

So

how

is

the

meat

connected

with

making

money?

One

popular

story

holds

that

the

phrase

appeared

in

the

1100s

in

a

small

town

of

Great

Dunmow

in

England.

The

church

（教堂）

in

Great

Dunmow

would

give

a

rasher

of

bacon

as

a

reward

to

any

man

who

could

honestly

say

that

he

had

not

argued

（爭吵）

with

his

wife

for

a

year.

Others

believe

the

phrase

got

started

in

the1500s

at

country

fairs.

One

of

the

most

popular

competitions

included

catching

a

pig.

The

prize

for

it

was

that

you

got

to

keep

it.

Since

the

1600s,

the

word

“bacon”

has

been

used

to

mean

one’s

body.

Because

people

often

connect

the

body

with

one’s

ability

to

work

and

earn

money,

it’s

believed

that

bacon

finally

took

on

that

meaning,

too.

One

way

of

earning

money

with

one’s

body

back

then

was

the

sport

of

boxing.

On

September

3,

1906,

boxer

Joe

Gans

fought

against

Oliver

Nelson

for

the

world

lightweight

championship

in

Goldfield,

Nevada.

According

to

the

Reno

Evening

Gazette,

Joe

received

a

telegram

（電報）

from

his

mother

before

the

fight.

It

read:“Joe,

the

eyes

of

the

world

are

on

you.

Everybody

says

you

ought

to

win.

Peter

Jackson

will

tell

me

the

news

and

you

bring

home

the

bacon.”

Joe

Gans

did

win

thefight

and

the

prize

money

that

went

along

with

the

victory.

He

sent

a

telegram

back

to

his

mother,

saying

that

he

was

“bringing

home

the

bacon”.

Mrs.

Gans

was

probably

repeating

a

phrase

she

had

heard

before,

but

hers

was

the

first

usage

that

experts

can

find.

Before

long,

the

phrase

was

being

used

commonly

in

boxing,

and

it

also

quickly

moved

to

other

sports.13.Why

does

the

author

raise

questions

in

Paragraph

1?(

)A.To

show

his

writing

purpose.

B.To

lead

to

the

topic

of

the

text.C.To

know

the

meaning

of

the

phrase.

D.To

see

how

many

people

love

bacon.B【語篇導讀】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英語俚語“bring

home

the

bacon”的含義和起源。推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，本文介紹了英語俚語“bring

home

the

bacon”的含義和起源，文章首段的問題是為了引出本文的主題——俚語“bring

home

the

bacon”。故正確答案為B。14.What

does

the

phrase

“bring

home

the

bacon”

mean?(

)A.Earn

money

by

selling

bacon.

B.Bring

family

members

together.C.Support

one’s

family

financially.

D.Improve

a

family’s

living

conditions.C[解析]

細節理解題。根據第二段可知，“bring

home

the

bacon”的含義是“賺取生活費”。故正確答案為C。15.Who

could

get

the

bacon

in

the

1100s

in

Great

Dunmow?(

)A.The

one

who

lives

in

peace

with

his

wife.B.The

one

who

is

strong

enough

to

catch

a

pig.C.The

one

who

wins

a

competition

at

the

fair.

D.The

one

who

never

tells

lies.A[解析]

細節理解題。根據第三段可知，在12世紀的Great

Dunmow，和妻子關系和睦的男人會被獎勵熏豬肉。故正確答案為A。16.Why

did

Joe

Gans’

mother

send

him

a

telegram?(

)A.To

ask

Joe

to

buy

some

bacon.

B.To

tell

Joe

how

to

win

the

fight.C.To

introduce

a

new

phrase

to

people.

D.To

show

what

she

expected

from

Joe.D[解析]

推理判斷題。根據最后一段的內容可知，對于拳擊手而言，贏得比賽就能得到獎金，由此可知，Joe的媽媽說“you

bring

home

the

bacon”，在電報中表達了她的期待。故正確答案為D。Ⅲ.七選五

Successful

students

have

good

study

habits.

17.

.

Read

about

study

habits

below.

Work

to

develop

any

study

habit

you

do

not

have.

Plan

specific

times

for

studying.

Study

time

is

any

time

you

are

doing

something

related

to

schoolwork.

It

can

be

completing

assigned

（指定的）

reading,

working

on

a

paper

o